Engl Vocabulary

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100 GENERAL V O C A В U L A R Y ( а . ) The words and term.s contai.Ded iD. this

vocabulary d е f i л е d and described to р с о vide с о m ш terminology aid in

and understanding Handbook ."d

erations Manuals for the Distribution Ccnter.

V O C A В U L A R Y Absolute pressore - (see Pressure)

Absolute temperature - (see Temperature)

Absolute vapor pressure . (see Pres5ure)

А с с u r э с у - Т Ь е ability mcasuring iDstrument to indicate values closely approximatingthe true value of the quantiry measured.

Accuracy curve volume meter - plot of

meter factor ц . s f u n с Ь о п flow rate used

evaluate the meter's performance.

Air (or gas) eliminator (or separ,tor) -

device used sepa.:rate and remove gases ( з i r , gas У а р о с ) п о ш liquid measuredprevcnt a.n с п о т in liquid measurement from

having gas included in ( Ь е т е з s u r е т е п ! as

liquid.

A l l o ~ . ' a b l e - Т Ъ е а т о м ! ofcrude that с а п taken from an field as s_' rcgulatioD,having effect oflaw.

А т Ы e n ! conditions -

T h е conditioDS (pressure., с т р е с а м е , humidity, _ , с . ) 'he medium

surrounding tbe с з s е of meter, instrument,

transducer, etc.

Ambient p r e s s u r ~ temperature - 1 Ъ е pressure

or temperature of the surrounding roedium,

such as 1iquid in pipeline,atmospbere (see P т e s s u r e ) .

API - A l n е л с a n Petroleuro I п s t i r ш е .

t O O ~

А Р ! gravity - (see Density, absolute)ш е a n s used the petroleum indu::;tty to

press density of petroleum liquids. А Р ! gravity is m e з . s u r е d hydrometer instrumenthaving sca1e gradua'ed in degrees А Р ! . Т Ь е re]ation be.tween А Р ! gravity and re.lative den

sity (formerly called specific gravity) is:

141..5

API G t y @ Ш F . -::---:-:--====ReL dl:us. rnrF / б i 1 '

or:

- 131.5

141.5ReL d,,,,- @ W'F / б i Y ' (F - - = - с = - О = : ' : - = : - : - А Р ! @ 6O"F + 131.5

A S Т М - American Socicty [ о с Testing Materi

Automatic custody transfer system - system

of bandling lease; receiving into tank

age, m е a s u r i ю . g , testing, and turning ш t о pipe

l i n е crude producc:d lease.

Automatie sampler - device w h i щ when

instaUed in pipe flow channel and acmated

au,omatic с о n а о l equipment, enablesrepresentauve sam.plc to obtainc:d of tbe

fluid flowing ' Ь е с е i n .

Automatic tank gauge - An instrumc:nt wblch

automatica1ly measures and displays liquidlevel.s or ullages in О п е or ш о r е tanks eithercontinuoU.31y, periodically demand.

Automatic temperature compensator -Ameteracccssory device which ~ n a ы s s meterwhich is

measuring votume at stream t е m р е r а ш r е to

registerthe е q ш v а 1 е n t v о l u m е ata reference

base tcmperatw'c: and taking into account

fixed relative density of the flowing stream.

Sometimes r е f с п : d to as А Т С ATG.А u х Ш a r y mE!:ter equipment - Equipment sucb

as strainer, air separator or flow conditioner

installed ln conjunctlonwith meter to protect

O ~ H 96S t't!..R. t' t

1



orimprove the р е r f о r ш a n с е ofthe meter. "Does

not include i n s t r u m е n t з . t i о п and accessories

driven the meter's outputrotation puJses.

Average sample - (See sample)

avg average.

Back pressure . 1 Ъ е operating р г е s s ш е level

measured upstream from pressure control

device.

Back pressure valve - (See У а 1 у е )

Barrel- U nit of me<Uure of petroleum which isequal to 42 US gallOD5.

Barrel mile - One Ь а п е of petroleu.m movedо п е ш i l е .

Б а s i с sediment and water ( Б S & W ) - (SeeSediment and water).

Batch (tender) parcel of sing1e petroleum

liquid cOIlSigned separately in pipoJino (so.

Tender).

Batch change - Т п е end of о п е grade. ofpe.tro

leum and tbe g i ш r i n g о ! а new grade.

Б а t с h detector - (See Gravitometer)

Batching operations - Pipeline operation inwbich different grades ofpetroleum segre

gatedand moved oneafter tbe otberin thesame

pipeline,о п е again.st tbe.

otherOr

separatedswabs, spberes. scrapers , poly-pigs, or bufferblock.

Battery or bank of meters - instaJlati.on of

meters having two о г т о г е meters connected i.n

parallel.

Ь а л т е l

Benc.h mark - sharp edge protIUsion ' Ч i t h i n the gauge hatch ta.nk from wbicb measure-

N О ~ S " j 1 0 Н ~ J J У

ments taken. Л l s о gauge ref2rence р о Ш t .

Б l i n d (blanking devlce) - circular meta1 disc

tbat is insta11ed in pipeline f з s t е n i n g itbetween flanges to р т е у е п ! flow in the pipeline.

В o t t o m sample - (See sa.mple)

Bubblepoint - When tbe pressure is lowcrcdon

liquid held at constant temperarore, tbe

pressure which tbe о о Ь Ы е vaporforms is tbe Ь и Ь Ы е point. В и Ь Ы е point pressures а т е higher 3t high temperanues Ш a n atlow.

Calculated i.nnage - An i t ш . a g е gauge obtained

subtr.cting tbe observed ullage from tbegauge height.

Calibrauon table - (Gauge, taak c:apacity,

strapping table) - table с : а р а Ы е 01 indicatingcapacity or volume. of tank for various given

liquid \evels.

Carrter - pipeJin: с о т р a n у furnisbestransportation service under the te.rms of

publisbed !ariff or otber cos! schedule.

Case pressure -Pressure cOD!ained in pump

c э . s е . Normal1y measured between the р u ш р discbarge f1ange and tbe control valve. М а у sometimes referred to <u р u ш р pressure.

Cavitation - Т Ь е formation and collapse of

vapor cavities in liquid that result fromsudden decrea:se а и d increase of pressure.

Collapse of the cavities causes large. impulsive

prcssuresin the vicinityoftbe с а п у у . Cavirauon

с а п о с с и т and с а ш е mechanical damage to

adjacent surfaces i.n meters, valves, pumps and

pipes at locations where fiowiD.g liquid е п с о u n -ters re.5triction or cbange in direct.ion.

cm - centimeters

Centrifugal pump - р u ш р witb blades or

oSH 96!! CH.Q. 8 ; ; : С 1 С ; ; / 6 0

2



impcllers i.n close-fitting с э s е . Т h e liquid is

pusbed forward у Ь е impellers а . \ у Ь е у rotate

blgb speed.

Centrifuge - motor-drivt:n or band-<irivenш а с h i n е in wblch sampl., of crude oiJ а т е rotatcd at high 5peed causing suspc:nded mate-

п a l forced the bottom of graduatedsamplc ш Ь с : 50 tbat tbc: percent.ofimpurities of

foreign matter ш а у mea.sured.

- с и Ы с centimeter5

c:fb - a.J.bic fee t per Ь о ш

cfm - cubic fe et per minute

Check valv. - , е е Valve)

Clingag. - Т Ь е liquid fiim that adheres 10 the

iaside surface of conta.iner after it has been

emptied.

Oose out t i п t е - End of Ь u s ш e s s day for

particular е ш .

Closing gauge - Т Ь е m е a s ш е m е п t in tank

ш е r delivery or receipt completed.

Combined factor - Т Ь е combination of n u ш -Ь е г of correctioD fact.ors into one combined

correction factor. М а у lnclude meter factor,

temperature factor, compressibility factor and

а п у other factors used to c o r т e c ! an indicatedreading to the а с Щ а 1 У а 1 и е

Commingling- Т b e i n t e r i t i o n a 1 r Ш x i n g ofpetro

leu m having similar specifications. In some

i.nstances. products of like 5pecificarion а т е commingled in product р i р е l Ш е Е о г efficient

and conv.Di.nt handling.

Common carrie[' - р е т s o п or с о m р а п у baving

'tale Federal authority 10 perform public

transportatioD for ш т е ; an organization CjJ -

gaged in the movement of pe.troleum its

produC1:.S publicutility and commoncarrier.

О Н - ~ J ) У

С о П Ш l О П stream • Stream in which different

grade, of petroleummay pumped ,trearn

will treated а . \ one grade or ' У Р е о ! petro

leum

Composit. sampl. - ( 5 е . sarnple)

Compressiblliry,apparent - Т Ь е aJgebraic sum

of , Ь . actual с о ш р r . , s i Ь i l i t y liquid and I Ь е volumechange р е г u n i ! volum.e coI1fining

container caused Ь у а unit changeinpressurc at

constant temperature.

Compressibility (1iquid) -Т Ь е

change in volu ш е per u Ш t of vclume liquid caused

u ш t change in pressure at constant tempera

М е .

CondemnalioD - Т Ь е а с ! of talcing of land

р ш с Ь з s с , fair market va1ue, for public use

a n д benefit state or Federal govemment; aswell as certa.iD other agencies and utility

companies having power of е m i . n е п domain.

Consignee - 1 Ъ е р з r t y to whom batch ofpetroleum is being 5hipped to.

С о п t i n п о п s sample - (So. ,ample)

Counter, factoring - electtonic counter (reg

ister) capable ' of expressing П u е tbroughput

volume. " Т Ъ е countc.r includes selective ш с a n s for automaticaJJy applying meter factor.

ControIler - О п е who directs the Ш О У е м е п ! of

р е и о l е u ш in р i р е l Ш е system. Т Ь е с о п ц о l l е г receives repons of pumping rate5, pressurc::s,and monitors movements batcbes of

petroleum; operates remote, unma.nned 5ta

nons.

ControUer,valve -Instrumentationsystem used

to position control У a l у е to regu1ate pressure

andjor flow rate

Controller, Senjor - (See Control1er) Lcad

L

,-



п о п shift.

Crack valve - slight1y о р е п valve to

perm.it small amount of fluid or gas pass

through the valve.

CRT - Cathode < а у tube. Used [ о , visually

displaying data and graphics.

Cup case thennometer - Varnished hardwood

body wrucb an А S Т М thermometer is

clipped. Has cup designed hold 100 ml of

the liquid with t h е r m о ш е t е r Ь Ш Ь irnmersed

in the liquid. Cup ш а у made of corrosion

resistant oro t Ь c r

materia1.

Custody transCer - Location where cu5tody of

petroleum 1S a . n s f е п е d from о п е р а п у to с Ь е other.

С о ! - ' Л l е l i n е of demarcation the ш е a s u r i n е ; sca1e made the material being m е a s ш е d .

Datum plate, tank - level metal plate at

tached 10 the tank sbell bottom whicb is

located directly under gauging reference

р о ш t at Or п е а т the (ank bottom to providefixed contact surfaco [ о ' the innage Ь О Ь .

Datum р о i n ! , [ank - Т Ъ " poin[ а о ш whicb all

measurements for ( Ь е calibrarion of the tank

related..

Deadwood - Any tank fitting, а р р u n е п a n с е structura1 memberwbich affeets the capacity of

thetank. Dea

dwoodis

positivei f it

increasestank capaciry or negative i f it decreases с а р а е -ity.

De1ivery - 1 Ъ е acrual volume delivered through

ameter during proving or meteringoperation.

Delivery point - Location where perroleum is

delivered f r о П 1 pipeline. Usua.lly custody

transfer

Delivery ticket - (See Ticket, mea.surement)

[ , O O

Demurrage - Т h e cbarge i n с u п е d swpper

for detaining vessel, t.a.nk car, truck, or for

leaving quantities of pctrolcum in tank

yond ti.me specified in tariff.

Densjtometer - Device used to ш е з s ш е dcnsity of substance. Outpul ш а у in the

form of an analog Or digital signal or ш а у mecbanically connected to Iecording с Ь a n .

Density - Т Ъ е density of quantity of Ь о ш о -geneous substance is ratio of its mass tO lt5

у о l u ш е . Т h e . denSityvaries as t Ь e temperature

changes andis therefore geaeraliy expressed asthe mass р е ! unit volume at spe::ilied

peraturc:.

Density, absolote - The density of solid or

liquid substance specified temperature isthe mass of the substance о с с и p y i n g unit val

u ш с at ( Ь е specified temperature. Dcnsiry as so

defined is sometimes referred to 'true density'

or as 'density in Vacuo'. \Vben reporting den-

sity, the units of mass and volume used and the

[cmperature of the d е t е П Ш l l а t i о п must

st.t"d, e.g. slugs(ft' , Ы ш l rc).

Density, relative - Т Ь е relative deDSity,t / t2,of

substaDce i5 ( Ь е ratio of the density of the.

substance t e m p ~ r a t u r e , t l . t o the density of

р ш е water temperarure.t.,.. ( Т h i s t е r ш repl.c"s the [ e r т n 'specific gravity'.)

DeviarioD - А л у departure from true value.

Displacement meter - (See Meter, d i s p l a c ~ment)

Displacement pump - reciprocating р u ш р inwhich plUDge.rs moving f o г . v a r d and backward

draw in volume a n д as the р u m . р valves close,

displace the volume into the discharge l i n е .

D i s р ш с е r prover - spbcrical or cylindrical

object wbich i5 component part of pipe

provertha! ш о v е s through the proverpipe . Т Ъ е

О S ' П : ges C!l..g" 6Z =CT [, 6 / C; ; / 60

4



displ.cer Ь " ' an elastic , е з l which COIltaCts

Ш n е r pipe wall of prover to prevent leakage.

Т Ъ е displacer is c.used 10 ш о v е through , Ь е prover pipe flowmg fluid and displ.ces

knO\.VD. measured volume of fluid between twofixed d е ' е c t Ш g devices.

Drag reducing .gent (DRA.) - с Ь е ш i c a l wblcb

when dissolved in solvent and injected ш t о р ф е l i n е will produce smaller pressure dropthan would occur ,.a.rith untreated m.aterial

moving same fl.ow rate.

Drift - д . n observed cbange, usually UIIcon-

trolled.in

meter performance, meter factor.etc. that QCcurs Qver period Qf t:i.me.

Dual meter c:ounter shifter - An arrangement

for connecting two (or ш о r е ) meter CQunters to

enable shifti.ng registration from о п е counter to a.nother.

Elimin.tor (separa'or) - Т Ъ е following lerms

pertain to categories eliminators, separators .

Sepa.raror; gas-vapor - tall, с у l i n d Л с а ! tank inwhich ga.s in solution is separated

from о П . Th.is equipment is used to separate gas f r о ш petroleum liquids ш а ! а т е delivered f r о ш wel1s to storage pipe.

l i n е .

A i г , gas-vapor elimi7lJ2tor (separa1or) -

Device used in pipeline in conjunction

with meter to separate and т е ш о у е у а р о т entrained in liquid 10 prevent its

е n t r y ш t о т Ь е ш е с е т and erroncOus т e ~ -u r е ш е n t as liquid.

Water 5 е р а г ш о г - device used to sepa-

rate and т е ш о у е water from petroleum

liquid.

Equilibrium vapor pressure - Т h e pressuxe

which liquid а n д its vapor а т е in equ.ilibrium

3 given temperaruxe.

Э О О ~

Extem.lIy.ctuated s a м p l . r - Adevice whichis

operated power source otherthan tbe fluidbeing sampled, 1 0 Г example anelectric or Р I l е и -matic motor.

F - degr.es FahrenheiL

Factor, meter - (See Meter factor)

Fast sample loop - secondarypipeline circuit

designedfor transferring product samplewith

sbort t i m е delay. Т b i s arrangement enables

representative sample of praduct, р a s s ш g througb ш a i n pipeline, brougbt

quickly'O' Ь е s а ш р l i n g

equipmen, wblcbш а у

located s о ш е distance Е г о ш main pipe

l i n е .

F1ash • The sudden vaporiz.ation of liquid

caused rapid decrea.se in р г е s s ш е and/or

increase in temperature.

Fl.sh р о i n ! - Т Ъ е lowest ' е ш р е г а t u r е whicb

liquid gives rise 10 flamm.able gaseous ш i x -м е , d е ш о n s t r а b l е f r о ш its explosive quality.

F1ashing - Т Ь е continWng process which

liquid is caused flash vapor.

1'1oa'ing-roof tank - tank in wblch roof

floatsfreely О I l , ш f а с е of liquid conteIlts

е х с е р ! at low levels when weight ofthe roof

is transmitted its ,upporting legs to ( Ь е tank

bottom.

F10w proportional sample sample taken

f r о ш pipeline, during ( Ь е wbol. period of

transfer of batcb, rate which is propor-

tional the ra ' . of flow of liquid in ( Ь е pipeline a n у instant.

1'10'" con'rol - COIltrOlling '"" of flow

ш е a . n s of opening с l о s ш g control valve

р u ш р i n g unit selection or changing р ш n р speed'or combination of these factors.

F10w п ш g e - Т Ь е range between the т a x i ш u m

01;: I : Т l.6/1:(:I60



and tbe m u m flow rates of meter other

dcvicc.

FJow straighlener - l е п g Ш of straigbt pipe,

containing straightening vanes tbe equivalent, which is installed the inlet flowmeter e1imjnate swirl from the liquid from

entering the meter and causing measuremente r т o r s .

Flushing case sampler - sampli.Dg d e v i c ~ С О ! l t a Ш i . n g t h e т m o m e t e r с а р а Ы е of being

closed desired levei and trapping sample

liquid from that level. When l o w e r ~ d , the

1iquid flushes througb the sampler.

Flying switch - Т h e operation where astream is

switched from о п е delivery Р О i n ! 10 another

without shutting 1 Ь е system down stopping

the delivery.

Free water - Т Ь е water р т е 5 е П 1 in contai.ner

wblch i5 in suspension in tbe contained

1iquid (petrolewn) .

Free Waler & Sediment (FW&5) -Т Ъ е а т о u n !

water and sedi.ment measured in bottom

tank.

Full stream delivery - The operation where [ Ь е . en1i.re stream is tumed i n t о delivery location.

Fullers earth - f l n е , clay-like substance u.sed

in certain ! у р е , of р е и о е и ш filters.

Fungibl. - Products with s i m i specifications

ш а ! с а п Ь е commingled for m о v е щ е n t throughpipeline. Products wblch а т е interchange

а Ы е .

Gauge Ь О Ь - gradua,ed cylindrica.l, square or

rectangular weigbt designed to с а п у meas

uring , а р е through the liquid being gauged. An

innage Ь о Ь is pointed its base 10 facilitatepenetration.

Gauge Н п е - т е е ! of steel т е a s u r i n g tape, with

60 0tlJ

Ь о Ь attacbed, be!d in п а т е equipped wii.b

ba"dle and winding craIlk used in gauging the

1iquid level in anks. prevent striking sparks,

Ь о Ь is made of brass or other П - s р а т k i n g material or sheathed durable plastic. Т h e tip ofthe Ь о Ь ispoint zero the gauge column.

Gaging (Ganging) - process ofmeasuring the

height of liquid in storage t.an..!(. т h i s isusually dODe lowering weigbted graduated

steel ' а р е through gauge batcb and noting

the l е у е ! а ! which the oil s ш f a с е ts the ' а р е . wben tbeweight gent1y touches tankbo!tom

(datum plate)

Gauge hatcb - Т Ь е opening in tank roof or

"illing well througb which m = ш е m е n t stemperatures or sa.mples are taken.

Gasoline р а я е (Oil paste) - paste whichwhen applied to measuring device will aid in

[ е а d i n g the product cut.

Grade change - (5oe Batcb change)

Gravitometer -( 5 е е

Densitometer)

Hazardon. liquids - Petroleum produet5 or

anhydrous а ш ш : о n i а .

Header - l a r g е · d i а ш е t е r pipe into which

" ц ш Ь е r smaller pipes are perpendicu1arly

connccted.

Н i g h l y о о ш t i l е liquid. ( Н V L ) - hazardous

liquid whicn will { о r ш а У а р о т cloud when

released tbe atmosphcre and whicb Ь з s vapor pressure exceeding 40 psia 100':' F.

Hydrometer -Anmstrument designed to е а 5 -ure < Ь е relative deusity 1iqui<ls ; g!a.ss tube

with weighted lower tip tha t causes the tube 10

float partially submerged. Т Ь е gravity ( А Р ! or

relative density) 15 read graduated stem ar

tbe р о ш t intersected iiquid_

Н е а д - Т Ь е heigbt column 1iquid mea.s-

OSH 96S ct.!..g.. ot : t t .!. 6 / t(; l 60

t



ured in feet.

HDC • Houston Distribution Center

Hydrostatic testing - Filling pipeline or vesselwith water 1 Ш d е r р r е s s ш е to test for integrity.Under с е n a i n conditions, other test mediums

ш а у used.

Indic3tor p8Ste, gasoIine - viscous material

.pplicd • st.el g.uge line g.uge pole

changes color when it comes in contact withgasoline, making it easy for gauger to read

b.igbt 01 gasoline in ( Ь о t.nk.

Indicator paste, water - paste materia1plie.d to steel gauge l i n е orwoodengauge р о l е that changes color when immersed inwater. lt

is used to detect thepresence ofwater in tank.

Inn.ge gaug. - Т Ь е depth of liquid in 'ank,

measured и о т tbe s ш f а с е of liquid the

tank bottom б х е д д а ш ш p ~ a t e .

I n л а g e tape - gauge tape nutt1erically

ranged 50 as when used witb innageЬ О Ь ,

zero point is 3! tbe tip of the Ь о Ь .

ID • inside diamcter.

Injection • 1 Ъ е insertion of petroleum into

flo'Ni.ng s t r е з . m

In-line - Refers petroleum м t h i n the с о п -f i n с s 01 pipcline.

Interface-The point or a I е з wbere two dissimilar gtad.s of potroleum т о е ! in • pipelino asФ е у з r е pumped, one bebind a n о т е т .

Isokin.tic sampl. - ( 5 е е s a м p l . )

и с г -Lease а ш о т а t i с custodytransfor- ( 5 0 е Automatic custody transfer)

Liquefied petroleum gas - LPG . Componcnts

separated fromga.s crude byfractionation

o T o Г 2 J

or otber processes.

Looping line . Т h e cOnstruCtiOD of pipel.i.r!.e

parallel to an existingpipeline. Т Ь е new line is

ticd into tbc cxisting linc and flow is dividedbctween the two (or ш о r е ) lines.

м о р · М a x i ш u ш operatiDgpressure permitted

lo r pipelines operated under Federal Safety

Regulations (49 CFR 195) lo r the tramporta-

tion bazardous liquids blgbly volatile

liquids.

М А О Р - М a x i ш u ш operating prossure permitted lo r pipelines operated underFedera l 5afety

Regulaticns (49 CFR 192) lo r transporta-

tion 01 natuIal a n д О Ш е г gas pipeline.

M.ss - Т b e m a s s ofa substance is ( Ь е quantity

of т a n e r it COIltalns. Mass is, therefore, inde

pendent of such е ю е r n a l conditions as the

buoya.ncyof the atmospbere or the acceleration

caused gravity.

Master meter - meter that is proved ш Ш g i icertified prcr."ey- and then used to calibrateо Ш е т provers р т о у е other meters.

M e a s u r e m e n t ~ reference conditions Т h e tem·

perature and pre5sure conditions to which

measurcd volume i5 to с о п с c t с d . Т h e temperarore which volume measure

ments are to c o r т e c t e d is 60" F. Т Ъ е ш е т -е п с е pressure should d е s i g п a t е . d а ю . d с а п atmospbericpressure. ( Ь е absolute vaporpres-

sure 01 the liquid Ь е i n g measured at Б О ' Fsome otber pres.sure wbich bas bcen agrecdupon parties involved tbe ш е з s u r е -m е п t

Meniscus - Т Ь е curved surface ( Ь с ( о р 01column of liquid. Т Ъ е c Ш v а r n r е с n n either

с о n с а у е с о п у е х .

Meter а с с п r з с у factor Wben applied 10 v o l ~ и т е meter proving results, this term т е a n s specifically the п u ш Ь с т obtained clividing

о с . ; ; у ; : ; : 9 6 с . ; ; Y!..g.

7



the volume registered Ь у ш е meter t Ь e actua1provingvolume. II is tbus tbe reciprocal ofthemeter factOI.

Meter, displacement - meter ln wmcb themeasuring е l е т е п ! measures volume of liq

uid mecba.nically separating the liquid into

discrete quantities of nxed volume and count

ing tbe quantiries in у о l u ш е units.

Meter, turbine - meter in which the m е в s ш -ing element is mulriblade.d rotor wmch

metered stream imparts rotationa1 vc:locity

tbal is proponional 10 tbe ш е а п velocity of5tream. Measured у о l Ш D е is registered

counting rotor revo[utions.

М е У е с caIibrutionadjuster - device е п а Ы е adjusting у Ь е meter register indicate

volu.me 'Nithin acceptable tolerance.

М е У е с capacity - ш з x i ш u ш , m i n i т u m - Т Ь е ш а Ю ш u ш . minimum т а У е of flow r е с о ш -mendedbythe metermanufacturerto ш a i n t a i n

designated accuracy.

Meter factor - number obtained. dividing

aC!Ual volume of liqu.id passed through

meler d ш i n g proving tbe у о l u ш е regisleredtbe meter. For subsequent metering opera

tiODS, actual throughput gross ш е a s ш е д volume is delermined multiplying indi·cated volume registered meter themeter factor.

Meter proving - Т Ь е procedure required to

determine the relationship between the trueи ш е of liquid measured Ь у а met.r andvolum.e indicated the meter.

М i d d l e sample - See sam.ple.

м р . М Н е POSt tbepipeline; mileage marker.

Nominations - Thc a.mount of pctroleum

Т у р е Or grade that shipper expects 10 shipwithin given period of t i ш е .

П О ~

findingpaste - paste wbich when appliedgauge tape dissolves upon contactwith oil

tbereby, f з . c i l i t a t i n g reading of tbe cut.

Opening gauge - Т h e measurement in tankbefore delivery or receipt.

Operations Р l a n п e r - person wbo р l a n s tbefuture movement ofbatcbes ofpetroleum in

pipelinesystem. Workswith sbippers receive

nominations.

Orifice - restriction placed in line to create

differential pressure from which flow rate

т а у i n f e r т e d . М а у з l s о used to resttictflow rate { о т с е r t з i п applicatioDS sucb as р u ш p s е г . ; с е piping far seal p u ш р flushing and cool

ш g .

0 0 - outsjde diametcr

Outage (ullage) - Т Ь е volume of available

space iD с о п t a i n е т unoccupied contents.

Н е п с е uUagiDg, method of gagi.ng the с о п -tents of tank measuring tbe beight of the

liqu.id surface from т е т е top of the tank.

Petrolenm - used in mese m a n и з l s petrol e u ш i.s defined as crude oil a n д products

tained п о ш crude oil refining, fraetionation,

or о ш е r process.

PI - Inflection р о Ш t . Р о ш ! where direction of

route cbanges.

Pig - с у l i n о о с а ] device insened in pipelinefor tbe р ш р о s е of sweeping l i n е clean ofwater. rost, ar ather foreign matter.

Pig-sig - mechanical device used to indica"te

the a r т i v a l passage of pig or swab. Output

ш а у eitber ш е с Ь a n i с а 1 or electrical ь о ш .

PLOp Order· Pipeline о р е r а t i о п s о г d е Used

controller to issue written instructions to

pipeline operations personnel for all matters

O ~ H 96S С Т . ! . П



Tel.ting 10 pipeline о р е т , n о ш .

Pour point tbe ( е . ш р е т а ш r с wmch liquid

ceases flow; or which it congea1s.

Pour-point depressant • с Ь е ш i с а 1 agent

added to oi1 to keep it fJ.owing low t e m p e r a ~ tures.

Pressnre - Т h e following ' е п n s р е r t a i n ferent categories of pressure.

П О ~

Atmospheric р г е л ш е - Т h e atmosphericpressure or prcssure of о д е atmosphere.

Gage р г е п u г е - Pressure measured т е l а -tive to atmospberic pressure taken aszero.

P r e s s и r e l о " (drop) - Т h e diffeTentialpressure in the flowing liquid s t т e a m (whicb will vary witb flow r.te) between

tbe in1et and outle.t of ш е t е r , flow

straigbtener. valve; strainer. lengthspipe, .tc.

Pressure, panial - Т h e pressure tbat is

exerted Ь у . single gaseous е о т р о п . п ! of

ш i x t u r е of gases.

P r e s . y u г e static - PressUrc in fluid or

system ш а ! is exerted normal to SUI'-

faeeonwbichitact,.lnamovjngfluid, tbe

static pressurc is measu.red right angles

tbe direction of flow.

Reid vaporpressure - Т Ь е vapor pressureof liquid lOOOF as de,ermined

А S Т М D 323-58, Standard Metbod

Test fo r Vapor Prcssure of Petroleum

Product5 (Reid Method).

Vapor p г e . s s u г < , ( t т и e ) - Т h e ( е r ш applied

the true pressure of substance to

distinguish it и о ш partiaJ pressure. gage

pressure , etc. Т h e pressure measuredrelative z;ero р г е s s ш е (vacuum).

: . ю . l S 1 0 Н ~ . l ; ) J V

ProratioD - Т h e а С ! of allocating pipeline

p.city among tbe 5 Ы р р е г , when nominated

volu.me. е х с е е ш pipeline с а . р а С т у .

P r o т e r · device witb knownvolume used

р г о у е meter.

Proverlank -An о р е п or cl05ed у е ' 5 _ of known

capacity designed for accura'e de,ermina

tionaf thevolume ofliquid deli.vered i.nto out

of it during meter proving operati.on.

Proving counter, meter· counter in w ш с h specia1 gati.Dg circuit in the counter is triggered

switches in the proving system to stan and" о р eounter.

psi - lb per sq in.

psia - Ib р е г sq abs

psig - lb per sq i."l. g.ge

Po.lsatiOD d a m р е п е r - device used reduce

pressure pulsationsin

flowingstream.

Pulse generator - displacement me.ter acces

sory coupled to the measwing element and

designed produce а , е л е , ofelectrical р Ш s е > whose number is р с о р о т t i о n a 1 to t Ь e volume

measured and wbose frequency is proportiona1

to flow ratc.

R з , , - щ i x Я r e а т - mixture natural gas

liquid5 Ь е i n g pumped tbrough pipeline;

comm;ng]ed gas liquids.

Receipt ticket - (see Ticket, measurement).

Reference с о п d i t i О П 5 - Т Ъ е conditioDS of tem

perature a.nd р г е s s ш е to whicb measured vol

umes а т е to corret:ted.

R е f e л : n с е deptb - Т h e distance f r о ш refer

ence Р О i n ! bottom of the tank or to

datum pl.te.

О ! : П 96!: C1.!.Q, L6 / CZ / 60

9



Referencepoin!. Т Ь е t i x е д poin! or mark

п е ш the ( о р of (ank from whicb ш е з s ш е · ments а т е т а д е . т h i s р о i n ! ш а у Ь е п с Ь . mark small iixed pl.te inside the g.uginghatch, D . a Л ' О W groove с и ! horizontally ( Ь е inside of tbe batcb, or the edge o f. iixed meta1

arm which projects short Ш s t a n с е а b o v е thegauging batch but is not in contact with it .

ReliefValve - у щ у е ш а ! is se t о р е п when

pressure liquid or gas I щ е reaches p r e d e ~ rermi.ned level; pop-off у Ш у е .

Repeatabllity Т h e closeness the agreement

between ( Ь е results of successive measureш с п t s tbe same quantity carned out ( Ь е same metbod, ( Ь е same person,. with the.

same measuring i n s m u n е п ! at same loca

п о п , over shon period of time. More spccifi

cally, ( Ь е ability of meter and proversystem 10

repeat its registered volume during series of

consecutive provi.ng runs under con.stant oper

aring conditions.

Reproducibility - The closeness of theч r е е -

ment Ь е м е е п results measurements

( Ь е same quantity where the individual meas·

urcmcnts are made different methods, with

different measuring insttUments, different

observers, different locations after longperiod of t i m . е ; where о n l у SOme of the

factors listed d Ш е г е n t . М а г е s p е c i Б . c a l l у , ability meter and prover system to

г е р г о о и с е proviDg results Over longperiod of

time in service wbere the range variation of

pressure, temperature. flow rate а л d pbysicalр г о р е п i . . tbe metered liquid is negligiblysmaIL

Resolution • T h е smallest change in tbe quan·

tity measured to which the instrumentwill г е а а 'Nitb an observable change in an anaJogdigita1 indication.

Right.of.way • leg.l rigbt of p35s.ge о у . г another person's land. 1 Ъ е strip of la.nd for

whicb pennission bas been granted 10 bu.ild

pipeline and forthenormal m a . i n t е l Ш 1 с е ther••

з f t е г .

Rod Sixteen and one-half feet; unit ш е з s -и т е used in Ь u y i п g rigbt·of·w.y.

R Т U . Remote termina1 uni!. Ins tal led . t .

remote locatioD to transmit and status

information to central location a.nd recc::-ive

control commaDds from centrallocation.

Run ticket· ( 5 е е Ticket, measurement).

Rupture disc · pl.te w ш с h will rupture withi:l

given ra.nge pressures relieve prcssure inpipeline orvessel. 1 Ъ е plate is held between

two f1anges Or other similar holder.

Saddle· clamp and U·bolt with • gasket, for

stopping tbe flow of petro)eum f т o т boles in

pipeline. Т Ь е clamp с о n f о r ш s tbe curv.tuIe

of the pipe and beld in pl.ce the U·bol!(s)

that extend around the pipe and tbrougb the

clamp.

Sarnple • Т Ь е fol101'<ing terms .pply to v a n о ш types of samples.-

Spot sample . spot sample is • sample

taken at specific locatioD in tank,

о п е t э k е п from pipeline at specific

t i ш е during pumping operation

Т о р sample • ! о р sample is • SPOt

sa.mple obtained six inches below the top

surface of the liquid.

S ш f а с е sample - surface sam.ple is о п е wbich is skimmed from top surface of

the liquid.

И р р е г sample . An upper sample is • spotsample obtained at the midpoint of ( Ь е и р р е г 1hird of tbe t a л k . с о п t е п t s .

Middle sample. middle sample is .spot

osH 96!> C1/..g, с с : с т 1.6 / C1;/60

)



sample obtained from ш i d d 1 е of the

t Э J . 1 k contents.

Lower sampk - lower sa.mple is spot

sample obtained ш i d р о i n t oflower third of tank cooten!5.

Outlet sample -An out1et sample is SPOI

sample taken leve! oftbe Ь о t t o ш oftank outlet pipe ( е х с е р ! wbere tanks

bave f100r out1ets) Ь и ! п о ! bigber Ш a n three feet above the bonom cf tbe tank..

l e v е ! . s sample - An all-levels samp!e is

obtained submerging stoppered

beaker bottle to р о ш ! п е а ! as

possible 10 draw-off level. Т о е sam

р l е г i.s then opened and raised at r а t l З . sucb ф а ! the container is а Ь о и ! ш е е fourths fu1l ( ш a x i m u т 85%) as it

е ш е r g е s f r о ш liquid.

В о п о т sample - bottom sample is о п е obtained from the material tbe bottomsUIface of ' Ш е tank О Т с о п t a i n е т its

lowes! point.

ultiple tank c o т p o s i t e sample - Consists

of а ш i x t u т е of individual s a ш р ! е . fromseveral compartments ( s ш р s barges,etc.) е а с Ь of which с о n t a Ш s the s a т e grade ofpetroleumproduct. т h i s mixture

is blendedinproportion to volum.e

material in each compartment.

Officia1 , а т р l е (Referee) - An officia1

sa.mple is о п е tak:en at the р о ш ! ofcu.stody

transfer and used fOT custody transferproperties determination.

Single tank. composite sample - single

tank composite sample js blend of { Ь е и р р е г , middle and lower 5 з m р l е s . For

{ а n k of uniform cross secti.on - i.e. an

upright с у м о о с а ! t a л k , blcnd consist5 of equa1 parts of three samples.

C o n t i n sample - pipeline sa.m.ple

which is witbdraWD in uniform c o n t i n u ~ ous rate in о n е mOre increments perminute

I.sokinetic sarnple - sample taken frompipeliDe in which liDearvelo city the

fluid through opeDing of the , а ш р ! е probei5 equaJ 10 liDcarvclo city in the

pipeline, and is in the sam.e direction as

bulk of fluid in the pipeliDeр т о а с h i n g probc.

С о r n Р О Л t е sample - _ а ш р ! е made of

equa1 portions of two ш о г е 5pot

samplesobtaincd f r о ш а tank orpipeliDe.

Т i т e p г o p o r t i o n a 1 .sample - sample

taken f r о ш pipeliDe regular intervals

during wbole period of transfer of

batch through pipeliDe.

Samplecontainer -Receptacle used forstorage

and tra!1Sport of _ а ш р l е .

Sample receiver - Receptacle normally с о п -nected to sampliDg draw-off connecti.on orр i р е 1 Ш е р т о Ь е , used receive the s а ш р l е . When disconnected it т а у used as sa.m.ple

container.

SCADA - Supervisory coatrol and data acqui.si

й о п system. Used to m о ш t о г and control

pipelines п о ш centrallocation.

Scraper - cyliDdricaJ plug-like device

equipped with т и Ь Ь е г disks с и р rubbers and

scrapeT blades and/or wire brushes, and

tootbed rollers used to clean interior of

pipeliDe

Scraper trap - facility pipeliDe fOT

inserti.ng and retrieving scraper "pig" or

swab Or squeege. Т h e trap is essentially' Ъ г е е с Ь 10ading" t u Ь е isolated f r о ш pipe

valves.

Seal -thin

strip ofт е ш

imprinted with

oSH 9650' п . ! . . . g tr:CT L6iC1:/60



number and used "seal" valve Ш a . n о р е п or

c1oseo position. Т Ь с seal ha.s ш с t a l , n a р о п е end into wmch the free end is iDserted. The

seal ш ш ! cut broken to undo it.

Sediment and water (S&W) - matcria1 с о е х -isting with, yet foreignto petro)eumuquid, that

r e q u i r ~ а separate mcasurement for т е з s о n 5 that include sales accounring. Т h i s foreign

material includes free water and sediment

(FW&S) a n о е ш u 1 s i f i е о suspellded water

a n о , е d i ш е n (5W&5). Т Ь е quantity of sus

р е n о е о ш а l е r i a l (SW&5) presen! is Oe!er

mined centrifuge 1abora!0J}' !esting of

sample of petroleum liquid (see Free water).

Shut-in pressUR - Т Ь е pressure m е a s ш е d insegment ofpipeline tha! is bJocked and tbere is

flow in the s е g m е п t .

Sizing pig - pig fi!1ed with circuJarp1atowith

diameter ш а t is slightly less than the inside

diameter of the pipeline. It is used to check the

pipeline for О е n " .

Soflware - collecnon of computer programs

u,ed [ о , particu1ar app1ication.

Stopple - device which ш а у insertcd into

pipeline under р r e s s ш е and ш е d to sea1 the

pipeline. Two stopplcs ш а у set to isolate

seg:nient of pipeline for т е р Ш s .

Spo! < а м р 1 . - (5" sample)

Strainer - device placed upstream of meter

р и ш р or other device to remove foreig.amaterial from the stream. that is likely to dam

age thc meter р u ш р interfere with its

operation.

Strapping, (tanks) - Т Ь е measurement of t Ь e с ю с r n а ! dia.meter of у е П i с Ш or horizontal

cy1inorical tank stretchiI1g steel ! а р е around each course of tbe tank's plates and

recording the measurement.

SYO!ll

Stripping - 1 Ь е ope.ration where delivery is

made f r о ш pipeline taking ponion tbeш a i n stream. passing deJivery lo cation.

Surface sampl. - sample !aken the s щ f а с е liquid iI1 !ank.

Surgt::pressure. Pressure produced а с : h a л . g е iD velocity of t Ь e moving stream that results

f r о ш shnrting down р u ш р statian pumpingunit, closureof v э l v с , a.ny-other blockage of

moving stream.

Surge t a п k - vessel used 10 smooth OUI

flow in flowing stream.

S u s p e п d e d s e d i m . п t а п d W а t e r (SS&W) - ( 5 е е sediment and water)

Swab - cylin<:!rical plug-like device equ1pped

with rubber disks с и р ( у р е < и Ь Ь usc:d 10

clean inte.rior of pipelines. М а у useo

between petroleum batches.

Swir1 pipe, vortex eliminator (breaker) -

baffle insta.lled п е а т outlet о п n е c t i о n 1iquid storage conta!ner (tank) which is

used to р т е у е п ! the formatioD vonex and

air /vapor entrainment in liquid.

Т а n k bottoms . Oil-water emulsion m.ixed

free water and other foreign mattcr ф а t collect

iI1 ! Ь е bot!oms of taIlks.

Т a n k t э Ы . . - PriIlted tabl . !ha! ,haw lank

voiu.me for у ш о ш oil heights.

Т а r Ш ' - document wmch states terms,

conditions, and costs under wblch c a . r r i е r . . . . . ш provide transponation service for the mOve

ment of perroleum.

Temperature averager . meter accessory

used to provide flow weighted average tem

perature of the flowing stream.

Temperature ractor - factor used to с о а с с !

t I : : L6 / C<:l 60



volumes to standard Ъ з s е temperarure.

most commonlyused Ь з s е temperature 15 6<rF.

Test е э s u n . s , voJume- Vessels used a.s secan-

dary standards for volumc measurements .Used in the calibration af meter provers.

Tender - quantity petro!eum dclivered to

pipeline movement. Т h e tariff usually

specifi.es min;mum у о l u ш е for tender .

Т h i e f · ш е t з l cyliD.dcr witb spring actuatcd

closing device that is lowered into tank to

obta.in sample of о а . Т Ь е device is lowcred to

the leve!п о ш

which the, а ш р ! е is

toь е о Ь

tained and then closed with sharp jerk tbe

с Ь a i n attacbe d to the closing device.

1 Ъ . r o t t l e pressure • Т Ь е differential pressure

created restriction in the flowing stream.

The restriction isusually in the form of control

у э l у е о с о М с е .

Throughput, gross, meter • The indicated

throughput corrected о n J у for met.r factor.

T h г o u g h p u t indicated (uncorrected) - Т Ь е difference b e twcen tbe opening meter reading

and the closing meter reading.

Throughpot, net - Т Ь е indica.ted volume

rected for t с r factor. for volume differences

due to me tering pressure and temperature dif-

fering from reference conditions, and fOT sedi

ment and water content, where applicable.

Often е Ч ' r е in standardbarrels net clean

oil or sim.ilar units .

Т i c k e t measu rement . Т h e term used to in-

clude expressions such as run ti.cket, a.nd receipt

and delivery ticke t. 1t is also used to ш е a n the

р а р е г or readouts in meter statioD ш а t isautomated, re motely controlled and/ oi с о т · puterized.

Т о l . е n ш с е · amount о Е т е a s ш е ш е п ! е п о r tbat will a l w e d . 1t is plus or m i n ш value.

9101lJ О l S П О Н : : > : )

, а т р ! е - ( 5 с с sample)

Т r e n d - T h е geDeraJ movement directi.oo.

variable over period t i ш е

U п а t t e n d е d sta tion • station wm ch is eitheJ

o p e r a t ~ d ь у remote contro! from centra

!ocation !ocally installed contro! equil'

т е п ! .

Upper sample - (5•• , а ш р ! е )

U П 1 breaker • de.vice used to р г e v е ш vacuumfrom occurri.ng

in tank,vessel.piping.etc.

VaJve - Т h . following terms р е r t a i n to th,

category of у Ш у е

Valve, Ь ш : k presswe - vaJve u s ~ d to

automatica1ly regulate u n i f о n n p r ~ ssure the Ш 1 е t side of such V ' З l v е .

Valve, blocJc and bleed - high in!egri!)l

vaJvc with duaJ ,eals; also, with provisioDfor detenn;njng i f either sealleaks.

Valve, check .. va1ve used to conttol

selected direction of flow and prevent the

t1:uid f10w from reversing in direction.

Valve, control • valve ш е d to control

pressure flow rate. М а у used a.s

back pressure У з l v е .

Valve, differennal р r e s л и е • valve used

to automatically regulate uDiform С Ш ~ ference in р r е s s ш е between two separate

!ocatiOIJS in pipeline.

Valve. exCe.$s f/ow • valve used to auto

matically prevent the fluid flow rate in

pipeline from exceeding high l i ш i ! .

Valve, gate • valve with slab whicb is

moved from tb e о р е п to the closed posi-

0 9 ' П : 96 9 CH,g, l. 6/ C;;I 60



tion tbe actionof а t Ь t e a d e d stem. М а у motor operated. Slab ш а у in

form of split wedge.

Viscosity, absolule - property whichfluid in motion offers resistance to shear andt1ow. Usually expressed as newton-seconds/

meter.

Viscosity, kinematic - Т Ь е ratio absolute

viseosity to denSity.

Viscosity, saybolt furol - 1 Ъ е efflux time in

seeonds of 60 ml sample flowing through

calibrated furo!о м е е

under specified cooditions. Т Ь е furol viscosity is approximately о п е tenth tbe universal viscosity. and is recommended [ о ! those petroleum products having

viscosities grealer than 1000 see (saybolt uni-

versal). , и с Ь as fuel о Ш . and о ш е , residual

materials. Т h e word 'furol' is contraction of

fuel and road о Ш .

Viscosity, saybolt u n i v e r s a 1 - 1 Ъ e cff1ux t i ш е inseconds of 60 ml of sample flowing t Ь t o u g h а ca.librated universal о м с е under speci.fiedconditioDS.

Volume correction factor - Т h e coefficient of

expansion for petroleum liquids given t е ш perature and density. product of petro

leum liquidvolume, and the volume с о п е c t i о п factor, equals petroleum liquid vo!ume

standard lemperature of 60 deg. F.

Volume, gross obserred . Т Ь е total volume

all petroleum liquids and S&W, exe!uding frec

water, observed temperature (total observed

u т e less free water).

Volume, groS5 standard - Т h e total volum.e of

all petroleum liquids and S&W, exe!uding и е е watcr, corrected the appropriate volume

correctionfactor for t Ь e ob:served temperature,

andAP!gravity orrelative densityto astandard

temperature of 60 deg. F. (Gross observed

volume corre cted standard temperature.)

Volume, п e l obsened - Т h e total vo!ume of all

petroleum liquids, excluding S& W and free

waler observed t е ш р е r a t u r е . (Gross

sem::d volume ! е " S& W)

Volume, ne! s!andard - Т h e total vo!ume of alJ

petroleum liquids. е х е l u d Ш g S&W and fre.water, с о п е c t е d the appropriate volume

с о п е c n о n factor for the observed temperature

andAPI gravity orre!ative density to s t a д d a r d temperature of 60 deg. F. (Net observed vo l-

u ш е corrected standard temperature)

Volume, total calculated.. Т h e

tota1 volumc ofall petroleum liquids and S&W, е о п е c t е d С Ь е appropriatc у о 1 u ш е c o r т e c t i o n factor for

( Ь е observed temperature and А Р } g r з . v i t y or

r e ~ a t i v e d е п s i t y t о standard t е ш р е а t u r е of 60

deg. F and all и е е water measured at observed

temperature. (Gross standard volume p!us free

water.)

Volu.me, total observed .. The { О Ш т е ш ш е д volume ofall petroleum liq!lids, S&W, and free

water at observed У е т р е т а t ш е . Water and sediment sample .. sample

tainedfrom1hebottomofthetankto determine

the amount nonmerehantable material pres

en!.

Water bottom .. Water а с с u ш . u l а at (or

о о ш е t i ш е о added to) boltom ofthe oilin

storage tank.

Water nnding pa:ste . paste which wheD.

applied to Ь о Ь , rule ! а р е is " " р а Ы е of

indieating water/product interfaeecbange in color ( Ь е cut.

Water cut . 1 Ъ е demarcation l i n е ! а р е orЬ о Ь where water б . n d i n g paste changes color.

Documents

Engl Vocabulary