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Pusan National University
Ph.D. Young-Min, Kyoung
Engineering Project Management
▶ Subject : Project Planning – Overview ◀
Project Management Process
2015-03-22 2
WBS (Work
Breakdown
Structure)
Network
Diagram
CPM
- Schedule
- Critical Path
- Completion
time, etc
Time
management
Risk
management
1
2
3
Choosing the project
Planning the project
Initiation Execution
Monitoring & Control
(10/22, W)
(11/17, M)
(11/10, M)
Closing the project
Deliverables Lessons learned
Today’s contents
Cost management
1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
WBS
is a deliverable-oriented decomposition of a project into smaller components
can be used
to represent the structure of a product, or
to make a service plan of a project
and provides the necessary framework for the succeeding cost estimate, resource allocation, and time management, etc.
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1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Procedure
decompose the project into work elements
we call these elements or their groups as “activities”.
also called “tasks” or “work packages”
two approaches
Top-down approach
Bottom-up approach
estimate the duration of each activity
“duration” means the time required to complete an activity
determine the precedence relationship between activities
2015-03-22 4
1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
2015-03-22 5
Comparison of Top-down approach and Bottom-up approach
A project
Work Elements
난방·환기·공기조절장치
(수도·가스의) 배관 공사
굴착; (기초공사의) 땅파기
철골구조물 설치
들보
벽돌 공사
1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
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Camping Example(▲) : Top-Down approach
Camping Example(▶) : Bottom-Up approach
spoon
chopsticks
burner
Kocher
lantern
tent
aspirin
match
map
sleeping bag
hammer
so many others …
Camping
Group 1 Group 2 …
?
… …
Level n
Level n-1
cooking equipment
food & drink
sleeping equipment
emergency medicines
Camping
sleeping bag
mosquito killer
air pillow
Level 1
Level 2
Level 0
…
1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Representation methods of WBS
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▼ Tree type
▼ List type
1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Example of WBS
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cf. calculation of duration
◀ List typed WBS
2. Gantt Chart / Network Diagram
Gantt Chart
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start
required information :
detailed list of tasks (← WBS)
duration of each task
relationships between the tasks
finish
※ prepare a pencil, ruler and grid sheets
2. Gantt Chart / Network Diagram
Two types of Network Diagrams
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1 2 3 A B
Arrow Diagram
Activity
A
Activity
B
Event
1 Event
2 Event
3
A B
Precedence Diagram
Activity
A
Activity
B
선행관계 (precedence relationship)
AOA Diagram (Activity On Arrow)
AON Diagram (Activity On Node)
화살도형법 (ADM: Arrow Diagramming Method)
선후행관계도법 (PDM: Precedence Diagramming Method)
2. Gantt Chart / Network Diagram
Representation of Networks
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A B
A precedes B
A
B
C
B, C : independent activities A precedes B and C
C
A
B
A, B : independent activities A, B precede C
A
B
C
D
A, B : independent activities C, D : independent activities A and B precede C and D
A
B
C
E
D F
Exceptional Case
2. Gantt Chart / Network Diagram
Example
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A
B
D
C
E
F G
H
3. Critical Path Method(CPM)
Project Scheduling
EST and ECT : Forward Calculation Method
LST and LCT : Backward Calculation Method
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3
3. Critical Path Method(CPM)
EST, ECT Calculation
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A
B
D
C
E
F G
H
0 2
2 5
2 4
5 9
5 7
9 10 10 15
15 18
3. Critical Path Method(CPM)
LST, LCT Calculation
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A
B
D
C
E
F G
H
0
0
2
2
2
2
5
5
2
5
4
7
5
5
9
9
5
7
7
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
15
15
15
15
18
18
3. Critical Path Method(CPM)
Critical Path, Critical Activities, and Project Completion Time
The project manager should have consideration on ?
Which activities are loose ?
The critical activity may change to slack activity.
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A
B
D
C
E
F G
H
0
0
2
2
2
2
5
5
2
5
4
7
5
5
9
9
5
7
7
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
15
15
15
15
18
18