Upload
leonel-chadderton
View
220
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Engaging Political Islam: An Option
for Europe‘s Centre Right?
Roland FreudensteinCentre for European StudiesBrusselsEDS Summer University 2010
Sharia
Jihad
Eurabia?
Why engage?
• National security/terrorism• Urban peace/de-radicalisation• International security• Teaming up against leftist
secularism?
Questions
• Political Islam?• Moderate Islam?• Euro-Islam?• Muslim Democrats – like Christian
Democrats?• Engagement– Cooperate– Dialogue– Debate
What‘s in a term? (I)
• Qur‘an – hadith (statements of the Prophet)• Sharia: Islamic law; halal - haram• Ulema (clergy) – imam (cleric)• Fatwah (ruling)• Qufr/Infidel (non-believer) – dhimmi
(monotheistic non-believer under Muslim rule)
• Hijab – chador – niqab - burqa
Muslim Brotherhood
• End of the Caliphate (WW I)• Founded 1928 by Hassan al-Banna - Sunni• Shaped by Sayeed Qutb since late 1940s• Egypt: al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun• Morocco: Party for Justice and Development
(PJD)• Jordan: Islamic Action Front (IAF)• Palestine: Hamas
Sayeed Qutb (1906-1966)
Muslim Brotherhood
• True Islam is lost in jahiliyyah• Restore Islam by making qur‘an and sharia
system of governance• Re-establish the Caliphate• Against Arab nationalism (Ba‘athism)• Against corrupt Arab elites (takfiri)• Against the West, colonialism, decadence etc.• Recently: Non-violence except Palestine, Syria
What‘s in a term? (II)
• Jihad: Struggle – holy war• Taqiyyah: self-protective dissimulation• Ijtihad: Reasoning• Islamophobia• Respect• Resistance
Resistance and popular culture
Resistance and popular culture
Walid Phares
Irshad Manji
Icon: Tariq Ramadan
Quote: Tariq Ramadan
(On massacres of Christians in Nigeria):
„We need to consider the situation objectively and bring a critical view as much to the causes – global homogenisation and a
sometimes savage Westernisation – as to the consequences – ethnic and religious
tensions.“
Icon: Mustafa Çeric
Quote: Mustafa Çeric
„Religious tolerance is clearly commanded in our Holy Book:
God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not declared war
on your religion or driven you out of your homes (60:8)“
Icon: Abu Laban
Quotes: Abu Laban• „If we discovered Islam was a threat to the
West, I would be the first to fight it.“ (2005)• But: orchestrating anti-cartoon protests in
DK and Middle East (2005)• „They accept the chador and Islamic
lifestyles. We, therefore, must pretend that we accept their religion and individual freedom. But this is impossible. Islam can accept no one who does not adore Allah.“ (1995)
Christopher Caldwell
Islamists in Europe: New European Brothers (NEB)
• Most Muslim orgs in EU are not Islamist• But: governments often talk to
participationist Islamists• Union d‘organisations islamiques en France
(UOIF)• Muslim Association of Britain (MAB)• Islamische Gesellschaft Deutschlands (IGD)• Milli Görüş
Goals of the NEBs
• Preservation/creation of strong Islamic identity among EU Muslims
• Participation in mainstream society• Leader and official representative of Muslims• Create, implant and expand ultra-orthodox
Muslim bloc= against integration as we understand it
Implications of a Centre Right overture
• NEB positions directly clash with core European values
• Mainstream Muslims would hardly understand this
• Embarassment among non-Muslim public (like multi-culturalist Left)
Lorenzo Vidino
The Brotherhood
in Europe
(forthcoming)
Other important authors• Alistair Crooke: Resistance• Tamim Ansari: Destiny Disrupted• Timothy Garton Ash: Facts are Subversive• Ian Buruma: Murder in Amsterdam• Gilles Kepel: The War for Muslim Minds• Paul Berman: Who‘s Afraid of Tariq
Ramadan? (article)• Necla Kelek: Die fremde Braut• Nick Cohen: What‘s Left?• Ayaan Hirsi Ali: Infidel
Conclusions
• Muslim Democrats: cooperation• Traditional Islamic parties:
dialogue• Islamists: debate
Time to respond
• Countering the narrative of the End of the West
• Learn, learn and learn!• Acknowledge immigration as a fact• Avoid relativism• Recognise friends (Muslim liberal democrats)• Define enemies (Islamists)• Choose the appropriate tools
www.thinkingeurope.eu