Energy  Security  and  Energy  Access  Strategies  for  Energy  Sector  in  India  in  the  12th  Five  Year  Plan  and  Beyond  

The   Integrated   Energy   Policy   approved   by   Government   in   Dec.   2008   covers   following  major  recommendations  facilitating  sustainable  energy  security  

Pricing  policy   for  different   energy   sources-­‐Price  of   all   tradable  energy   should  be  at    trade  parity  

Ø  Enhancing  exploitation  of  domestic  energy  potential  

Ø  Sectoral  Initiatives  in  Petroleum,  Coal,  Power  &  Nuclear  Energy  

Ø Renewable  Energy  

Ø  Energy  EfCiciency  

Ø   Boosting  energy  Related  R&D  

Ø Household  Energy  Security  

Ø An  enabling  environment  for  competition  &  Climate  change  concerns  

             Source:  1.  Key  World  Energy  Statistics  2012,  

                                           #.  Estimates  of  Integrated  Energy  Policy  2007  

                                             *.  CEA    2010-­‐11  (  Provi.)  

Country  

Per    capita  consumption  

Electricity   Energy  (kWh)   (toe)  

USA   13,361   7.15  Germany   7,217   4.00  Brazil   2,384   1.36  China   2,942   1.81  India   818.8  *   0.59  India  2031-­‐32  #   2470   1.5  

Power  Sector  Indicators  –  World  (2010)  

Per  capita  consumption  of  energy  in  India  is  one  of  the  lowest  in  the  world.  India  consumed  0.59  toe  per  person  of  primary  energy  in  2010  compared  to  1.81  toe  in  China.  The  consumption  in  US  was  7.15  toe  per  person  

}  Current  share  of  global  energy  consumption  –  3.5%  }  Share  to  increase  to  about  10%  by  2031  }  Per  capita  energy  consumption  1/3rd  of  world  average.  }  Consumption  growth  to  meet  the  development  targets  }  Providing  energy  to  rural  areas  }  EfZicient  use  of  energy  to  improve  energy  intensity  

527  1482  

7650  

1760  650  

1925  

14220  

2810  

0  

2000  

4000  

6000  

8000  

10000  

12000  

14000  

16000  

India   China     USA   World  Per  Capita  Energy  Cons.(Kgoe)   Electricity  Cons  (kwh)  

Source: Planning Commission: Figures in brackets are annual average growth rates over the previous 5 years period

2000-01 Actual

2006-07 Actual

2011-12 (Provi)

2016-17 Proj.

2021-22 Proj.

DOMESTIC PRODUCTION Coal 130.61 177.24 222.16 308.55 400 Lignite 6.43 8.76 10.64 16.80 29 Crude Oil 33.4 33.99 39.23 42.75 43 Natural Gas 25.07 27.71 42.79 76.13 103 Hydro Power 6.4 9.78 11.22 12.90 17 Nuclear Power 4.41 4.91 8.43 16.97 30 Renewable Energy 0.13 0.87 5.25 10.74 20 Total Domestic commercial Energy 206.45 263.28 339.72 481.84 642.00 Non-commercial Energy 1 136.64 153.28

(1.93) 174.20 (2.6%)

187.66 (1.5%)

202.16 (1.5%)

Total 343.09 416.56 513.92 669.50 844.16 IMPORTS Coal 11.76 24.92 54.00 90.00 150.00 Petroleum Products 77.25 98.41 129.86 152.44 194.00 LNG 0 8.45 12.56 24.80 31.00 Hydro power 0 0.26 0.45 0.52 0.6 Total Net Imports 89.01 132.04 196.87 267.76 375.60 Total Commercial Energy (growth over previous 5 years) 295.46 396.32

(5.01%) 536.59

(6.25%) 749.60

(6.91%) 1017.60 6.30%)

Total Primary Energy 432.01 549.60 (4.09%)

710.79 (5.28%)

937.26 (5.69%)

1219.76 (5.41%)

(in  MTOE)

 Sector  

9th  Plan   10th    Plan   11th    Plan   12th  Plan  

Actual   Actual   Actual   Target  

Central   4504   12165   15220   26181.6  

State   9450   6244.6   16732   15530.0  

Private   5061   2670.6   23012   46825.0  

Renewable   6761   14267   30000.0  

All  India   19015   27,841   69,231   118536.6  

Capacity  Addition  (Plan-­‐wise)  –  Sector  Wise   (  in  MW)  

 Mode-­‐Wise  

9th  Plan   10th    Plan   11th    Plan   12th  Plan   13th  Plan  

Actual   Actual   Actual   Provi.   Scenario  

Thermal   13,597   12,114   48,540   72,340   49,200  

Hydro   4,538   7,886        5,544   10,897   12,000  

Nuclear          880   1,080            880   5,300   18,000  

Renewable    

6761   14267   30,000   30,500  

Total   19,015   27,841   69,231   118537   1,09,700  

(  in  MW)  Capacity Addition (Plan-wise) - Mode-Wise

}  Expanding   Oil   &   gas   exploration   coverage   under   New   Exploration  

Licensing  Policy  }  Expanding  Pipeline  network  for  natural  gas  &  LNG.  }  Developing  policy  for  shale  gas  production  }  Increasing  clean  cooking   fuel   (LPG)  coverage   from  current  55%  to  75%  

largely  in  rural  areas  to  reduce  use  of  biomass  }  Developing  New  LNG  import  capacity  }  Promoting  use  of  bio-­‐fuels.    }  Developing  city  gas  network  in  200  cities  for  supply  of  CNG,  domestic  and  

commercial  gas  to  reduce  dependence  on  liquid  fuels  &  reduce  emissions.

 }  Coal  production  planned  to  increase  to  meet  the  power  requirement  }  Plans  to  expand  the  underground  coal  resources  }  Developing  new  coal  washeries  to  improve  the  coal  quality  }  Plan  for  corresponding  expansion  of  rail  and  port  capacity  }  Focus  on  clean  coal  technology,  promoting  Underground  coal  gasiZication,  coal  mine  methane  extraction  

}  2  Coal  Blocks  awarded  for  Coal  to  Liquid  project  }  Acquiring  coal  assets  overseas  

Coal  Demand  :  12th    Plan   (  in  MT  )

Coal  Production   (  in  MT  )

Demand-­‐Supply  Gap  in  2016-­‐17   (  in  MT  )

Maximizing development of renewable energy during 12th plan

v Solar  Mission  for  22,000  MW  by  2022  launched  v 1000  MW  Solar  capacity  to  be  implemented  by  2013.  v Policy  on  Biodiesel  &  Ethanol  Use  under  implementation.      v State  Power  Regulators  prescribed  use  of  1–10%  Renewable  energy  v  Incentives  provided  to  promote  wind  power  generation  v Promoting  use  of  biomass  for  its  efZicient  use  v Energy  plantation  to  produce  electricity  from  fuel-­‐wood  v Maximizing  co-­‐generation  in  sugar  mills  from  bagasse    v Power  projects  on  rice  husk,  municipal  solid  waste  taken  up  v Estimating  onshore  and  offshore  wind  potential  

v 4780  MW    capacity  added  by  the  end  of  11th  plan,  5300  MW  Planned  capacity  added    during  12th  Plan  

v First    500  MW  prototype  Fast  breeder  reactor  (FBR)  to  be  commissioned  by  2012  

v Feasibility  for  2  Units  of  500  MW  each  for  FBR  being  developed  v Success  of  fast  breeder  will  enhance  capacity  to  50,000  MW  and    v  JV  agreements  signed  to  develop  nuclear  power  by  NPCIL  v Nuclear  act  to  be  amended  to  bring  private  participation    

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       Electricity,  LPG/Natural  Gas  or  Bio  Gas  &  Kerosene  should  be   available   with   ease   to   all.     Only   possible   with   market  pricing.      

•  Initiatives  Taken  v Under  RGGVY,  electricity  to  all  villages.  Of  balance  112795  villages,    104,496  villages  (92.6%)  covered  

v Against  2.75  crore  BPL  households,  1.94  Crore  (70.6%)  covered  

v 10.25  crore  LPG  connections  given.    

v Expanding  LPG  supply  in  rural  areas  

Areas  IdentiCied  

v  RGGVY  connections  be  complemented  by  Zlow  of  reasonable  power  

v  EfZicient  administration  of  cooking  gas/electricity  subsidy  

v  Replacing  kerosene  with  LPG  

HOUSEHOLD  ENERGY  SECURITY  

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•  Initiatives  Taken  v  Oil  blocks  under  NELP  Rounds,  production  from  small  &  marginal  oil  Zields  

v  Expanding  capacity  of  LNG  import  from  18  to  27  MMTPA  by  2012.    

v  Private   investments   in   developing   hydro   power   in   Arunachal   Pradesh,   Sikkim   &  Uttarakhand  

v  5  million  tonnes  oil  storages  at  Visakh,  Mangalore  &  Padur  

v  2  coal  blocks  awarded  for  Coal  to  Liquid  (CTL)  

•  Areas  IdentiCied  v  Private  exploration  of  coal  blocks  on  NELP  pattern  

v  Acquisition  of  coal  assets  abroad    

v  Evacuation  of  Power  from  North  Eastern  Region  

v  Shale  Gas,  Underground  Coal  GasiZication,  Gas  hydrates  

v  Developing  strategic  storages  for  natural  gas  

ENERGY  SECURITY  

MITIGATING CO2 EMMISSIONS

1192 1250 1699

5975 5429

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

India Japan Russia USA China

CO2 EMMISSIONS BY COUNTRIES

CO2 Emmissions (MMT CO2)

•    India’s   emissions   currently  are   amongst   the   lowest   and  would   be   increasing   with   the  c o n s u m p t i o n   g r o w t h  

 • The   Energy   Policy   proposing  h i g h   s h a r e   o f   n o n  conventional   energy   and  efCiciency   measures   would  help   in   mitigating   the   CO2  e m i s s i o n s .  

 

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Ø  Need  to  improve  energy  efZiciency  by  20%  per  unit  of  GDP  over  next  10  years  

Ø  Initiatives  Taken  

v Power   generation   plants   being   mandated   to   improve   efZiciency  from  current    by  deploying  super  critical  technology.  

v Star   categories   for   truthful   labeling   in   10   electrical   equipments/appliances.    

v SpeciZic  energy  consumption  norms  notiZied  in  9  industries  

v Energy  Conservation  Building  Code  launched  by  Ministry  of  Power  

v Providing  CFL/LED  lamps  too  reduce  power  consumption  

ENERGY  EFFICIENCY  

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•  Need   to   improve   energy   efCiciency   by   20%  per   unit   of   GDP   over  next  10  years  

§  Areas  IdentiCied  v  Government   procurements   on   life-­‐cycle   cost   of   energy  

equipments.      

v  Minimum  fuel  efZiciency  standards  for  transport  vehicles  

v  Fiscal  incentives  for  public  transport  system  

v  Development   of   energy   efZicient   Transport   System   :   promoting  coastal  movement,   inland  water  ways   &   increased   share   of   rail  transport  

v  Dedicated  Freight  Transport  Corridor  

ENERGY  EFFICIENCY-­‐Contd…  

BEE Proposed Schemes : 12th Plan

Source:  Bureau  of  Energy  efZiciency  

§   Energy  Conservation  Building  Code  (ECBC)  in  new  building  and  energy          efZiciency    improvements  in  existing  buildings  (Phase-­‐II)        Avoided  capacity  addition  of  928  MW      §     Municipal  Demand  Side  management  (MuDSM)  Programme          Avoided  capacity  addition  of  120  MW    §   Energy  EfZiciency  and  Technologies  Up-­‐gradation  in  Small  and  Medium            enterprises      Avoided  capacity  addition  of  131  MW    § Standard  &  Labeling  Scheme  (S&L)      Avoided  capacity  addition  of  7766  MW    

Total  Saving  @  5  Cr  /MW    will  be  Rs  44725  Crore  

Ø  National   Mission   on   Enhanced   Energy   EfCiciency   is   one   of   8  missions  under  National  Action  Plan  on  Climate  Change.  

Ø  The   measures   include   labelling   of   consumer   durables   for  energy  efCiciency,  imposing  targets  for  reducing  energy  use  in  energy   intensive   industries,   introducing   energy   efCiciency   in  buildings.  The  areas  taken  up  are;  

 v Standards  and  Labeling  of  Equipment  &  Appliances  v Energy  EfZiciency  in  Buildings  v Residential  Lighting  v Energy  EfZiciency  in  Agricultural  Pump  sets  v   Use  of  super  critical  and  ultra-­‐super  critical  technologies  in  power  generation  v Improving  efZiciency  standards  for  vehicles,  promoting  battery  based  vehicles  v Shift  in  modes  of  transport  from  roads  to  railways  in  the  case  of  freights  v Larger  use  of  public  transport,  developing  metro’s  in  major  cities  

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• Need   for   a   coordinated   approach   to   harness   energy   sources   with  technology  sharing  concept  by  different  stakeholders.  

• Coordinated  approach  for  Clagship  schemes  like,  RGGVY,  RGGLVY  &  RVE  &  subsidized  kerosene  supply  in  different  states  

• Policy   for   LPG/clean   cooking   fuels   supply   in   rural   areas   in   view   of   80%  households  using  biomass  for  cooking  

• Need   for   EfCicient   use   of   biomass   for  manure   production   or   cooking   and  creating  a  institutional  framework  

• Coordinated   approach   for   deep   seated   exploration   for   oil   &   gas,   coal,  uranium  &  other  mineral  resources  

• Exploitation  of  CBM,  underground  coal  gas,  shale  gas  in  existing  acreages.  

Gaps  in  the  Integrated  approach  

THANK  YOU  

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