Energy Management :: 2007/2008

Class # 1

Course organization and Sustainability and resource management

Prof Pa lo FerrãoProf. Paulo Ferrãoferrao@ist.utl.pt

Prof. João Parentej t @d i t tl tjoao.parente@dem.ist.utl.pt

Energy Management

Evaluation

CLASSES: CLASSES:

TheoreticalMonday from 14h30 to 16h30 (IST room V1 36 Civil Eng Building) or Friday from 15h to 17h (IST room Monday, from 14h30 to 16h30 (IST - room V1.36, Civil Eng. Building) or Friday from 15h to 17h (IST - room QA02.1, South Tower), and

PracticalPracticalTuesday from 13h to 14h30 (IST - room C12, Central Building), or from 14h30 to 16h (IST - room V1.25, Civil Eng. Building), or

Thursday from 14h30 to 16h (IST room V1 33 Civil Eng Building) or from 16h to 17h30 (IST room V1 16 Thursday from 14h30 to 16h (IST - room V1.33, Civil Eng. Building), or from 16h to 17h30 (IST - room V1.16, Civil Eng. Building).

https://fenix.ist.utl.pt/disciplinas/gene-2/2008-2009/1-semestre/pagina-inicial

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 2 of 53

https://fenix.ist.utl.pt/disciplinas/gene 2/2008 2009/1 semestre/pagina inicial

Energy Management

Course Organization

Calendar Planeamento da execuçãoWeek Date Theory Practice Assignments

1 15-19 Sep Presentation. Introduction. Energy Statistics -

2 22-26 Sep Primary and final energy. Primary and final energy. -

3 29-3 Oct Energy markets. Energy prices. -

4 6 10 Oct Energy and environment Energy and environment Ass 1 Energy Proces4 6-10 Oct Energy and environment. Energy and environment. Ass. 1 Energy Proces

5 13-17 Oct Energy systems modelling. LCA. Energy systems modelling. LCA. -

6 20-24 Oct Energy systems modelling. Blocks diagramm.

Energy systems modelling. Blocks diagramm.

Ass. 2 SGCIETP topic definition

7 27-31 Oct Energy systems modelling. Input-Output

Energy systems modelling. Input-Output -

8 3-7 Nov Energy systems modelling. Input-Output

Energy systems modelling. Input-Output Ass. 3 Input-Output

9 10-14 Nov Energy audits. Energy audits. -

10 17-21 Nov Energy in buildings Energy in buildings Ass. 4 RCCTE

11 24-28 Nov Energy in buildings Energy in buildings -

12 1-5 Dec Microgeneration. Microgeneration. Ass. 5 RSECE

13 8-12 Dec Microgeneration. Microgeneration. -

A 6 Mi ti

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 3 of 53

14 15-19 Dec DSM DSM Ass. 6 MicrogenerationTP presentation

Energy Management

Evaluation

Contribution to the final classification6 Assignments 5% each – 30%

1 T 40 %1 Term paper 40 %

1 Exam 30 % or 70%

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 4 of 53

Energy Management

At a global wide scale, do we have an “energy problem”?

How can we define an “energy problem”?

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 5 of 53

Energy Management

What are the spatial and time scales associated to this problem?

Can we draw an equation to model the “energy problem”?

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 6 of 53

Energy Management

Human development and resource productivity

90

100

70

80

90at

iva

EnvironmentLaborCapital

40

50

60

Impo

rtân

cia

rela

10

20

30

I

00 500 1000 1500

Ano

Era Schoool Main Productivity factors

MainActors

Wealthperception

Perception of Environment

Up to the Fisiocrats Land, agriculture, Farmers Crop value Main production

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 7 of 53

p18th Century

(Quesnay, Turgot)

, g ,Natural Resources

p pfactor

Energy Management

Human development and resource productivity

90

100

70

80

90at

iva

EnvironmentLaborCapital

40

50

60

Impo

rtân

cia

rela

10

20

30

I

00 500 1000 1500

Ano

Era Schoool Main Productivity factors

MainActors

Wealthperception

Perception of Environment

End of the Adam Smith, Work on Companies Objective Secondary

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 8 of 53

18th Century and middle 19th Century

,Karl Marx Manufacturing

pand commerce

jassets, capital

yproduction factor, supporting labor

Energy Management

Human development and resource productivity

90

100

70

80

90at

iva

EnvironmentLaborCapital

40

50

60

Impo

rtân

cia

rela

10

20

30

I

00 500 1000 1500 2000

Ano

Era Schoool Main Productivity factors

MainActors

Wealthperception

Perception of Environment

End of the 19th Century,

Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration,

Market and companies

Different subjective

Value totally overcome by

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 9 of 53

20th Century research and development

values determined by market

capital and labour

Energy Management

Human development and resource productivity

90

100

70

80

90at

iva

EnvironmentLaborCapital

40

50

60

Impo

rtân

cia

rela

Unemployment and overexploitation of

10

20

30

I overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources

00 500 1000 1500 2000

Ano

Resources

Era Schoool Main Productivity factors

MainActors

Wealthperception

Perception of Environment

Contemporary Multifactors Markets, GDP

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 10 of 53

p y ,companies and technologies

Energy Management

Portugal in the European Context

(1988-1997)

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Adapted from Bringezu and Schütz, 2000, Total Material Requirement of the European Union, European Environment Agency, Technical report No 55.

Energy Management

A new Kuznets Curve ?

itititit yydmi εβββ +++= 2210

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 12 of 53

Canas, A., Ferrão, P. and Conceição, P. (2003) “A new environmental kuznets curve? Relationshipbetween direct material input and income per capita: evidence from industrialized countries”.Ecological Economics. Volume 46, Issue 2, September 2003 , Pages 217-229.

Energy Management

Materials Flow Analysis

Air Air AirWater

Air Water

Imports ExportsTMR

Foreign hidden flows

Economy

StocksEnvironmentalburdens

DMITMRDomesticextraction

Domesticoutput

ENVIRONMENT

Domestic hidden flows

* Matthews et al. (2000)

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 13 of 53

Energy Management

Metabolism of the Portuguese Economy, Year 2000

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 14 of 53

S. Niza and P. Ferrão (2005) “ Metabolism of a transitional economy: The Portuguese case study”.Resources, Conservation and Recycling.

Energy Management

Evolution of the productivity factors

Época School Main productivity factors

Main actors

Perception of wealth

Perception of environment

Up to the 18th Century

Fisiocratas (Quesnay, Turgot)

Land, agriculture, Natural Resources

Farmers Crop value Main production factor

End of the 18th C d

Adam S ith

Work on M f t i

Companies d

Objective

Secondary d i Century and

middle 19th Century

Smith, Karl Marx

Manufacturing and commerce

assets, capital

production factor, supporting labor

End of the 19th Neoclassics Labor: Market and Sum of Value totally Unemplo ment andEnd of the 19th Century, 20th Century

Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration, research and development

Market and companies

Sum of different sujective valuespelo mercado

Value totally overcome by capital and labour

Unemployment and overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major

Contemporary Multifactors Market, companies and technology

GDPj

relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 15 of 53

Adapted from Bleischwitz (2001) “Rethinking productivity: Why has productivity focused on labor instead of natural resources? Environmental and resource economics,19.

Energy Management

Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies

BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusual

Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Time and SpaceSpace

Compliance with regulationPollution prevention

EIA Energy audits

Process orientedProcess oriented

Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability

E ffi i

EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits

Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment

LCA

Product orientedProduct oriented

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 16 of 53

Energy Management

Life cycle thinking

MSW

EEE

Car

Components Components AssemblyAssembly UseUseManufacturingManufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse

WasteResourcesResources

Environment

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 17 of 53

Energy Management

Life cycle thinking

Others

MSW

EEE

Car

ComponentsComponentsComponents ManufacturingComponents

Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse

Resources Waste

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 18 of 53

Environment

Energy Management

Natural Ecosystem

Producers Consumenrs

ECONOMYMETABOLISM

DecomposersNutrients reservoir

Energy

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 19 of 53

Nutrients

Energy Management

Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies

BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusual

Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Time and SpaceSpace

Compliance with regulationPollution prevention

EIA Energy audits

Process orientedProcess oriented

Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability

E ffi i

EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits

Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment

LCA

Product orientedProduct oriented

IndustrialIndustrial EcologyEcologyCreating loop closing

industrial ecosystemsPromoting waste exchanges

Systems OrientedSystems Oriented

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 20 of 53

Cascading energy utilization

Energy Management

Others

MSW

EEE

CarComponents

ManufacturingComponents

Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUseManufacturingManufacturing yy

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 21 of 53

Energy Management

Others

BulkBulk-- MFAMFA

Others

MSWTOOLSEEE

CarComponents Components AssemblyAssembly UseUse

LCALCA

ManufacturingManufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse

SFASFASFASFA MFAMFA

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 22 of 53

Energy ManagementEcological Footprint

The

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT is a resource management tool that measures how much land and water area a human population how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes under prevailing technology.

• The Ecological Footprint, human demand, and biocapacity, ecosystem supply, are both measured in units of global hectares, a hectare normalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on normalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on Earth.

• As of 2003, there are approximately 11.2 billion global hectares of area available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services from the equivalent of 14.1 billion global hectares.

• Excel file

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 23 of 53

Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org

Energy Management

Ecological Footprint

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 24 of 53

Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org

Energy Management

Ecological Footprint

Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 25 of 53

Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org