Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Challenges of training for renewable energy in Russia at times of the
reform of education system
Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Elistratov V.V.
Dr.Sc.(Eng.), Professor, Honoured Power Engineer of the Russian Federation
22-23 October, 2013 Moscow, Russia
First International Forum Renewable Energy: towards Raising Energy and Economic Efficiencies
2
Challenges of education of renewable energy experts in modern Russia
Since 2010 there is no enrollment for engineering programs (specialist). Instead we have a two-tier “Bachelor-Master” system. It is claimed that upon receiving Bachelor’s degree one is an expert with “full-fledged” higher education.
Virtually it means a decline in expertise of a graduate with Bachelor’s degree that applies for a position in modern engineering.
We are witnesses of a destruction of a long-established shoos of engineering education in fields of hydropower engineering and renewable energy that trained experts in a cross-disciplinary educational space. Unfortunately, new Federal State Educational Standards (FSES) unified by field do not use the experience, authority and expertise of the teachers of said school in the University in this field.
A course aimed at unification and standardization of education, large training groups, lectures delivered to several groups simultaneously, distance learning that do not support the development of the way of thinking specific to engineer based on fundamental as well as profound special training.
There are no contracts for specialist training from industry, developers and operators as well as no recruitment offers on their behalf. There also are no long-term plan for renewable energy experts as well as no modern qualification requirements provided by potential employers for future specialist.
3
The Reform of Renewable Energy Education in the last 20 years
1992 – introduction of a multi-tier education system “Bachelor-Engineer-Master”, new State Educational Standards (SES)
since 1992 – new SES left no chance for lead higher education institutes of the country to change their syllabi in accordance with the requests from the corporate consumers.
1995 – consolidation of the specialties nomenclature (Hydro Power Engineering merged with Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources);
a four-year syllabus developed for students training. Students receive a Bachelor’s degree after the 4th year (practically, the level of a technician);
significant redistribution of the training capacity between humanities, general professional and specialist disciplines in favour of the former two.
since 2004-2005 – educational practice introduced of a three-tier training
since 2010 – enrollment for two-tier training only, after four years of training the graduate with a Bachelor’s degree can enroll in Master program on a competitive basis.
2011 – introduction of new Federal State Educational Standards of 3rd generation: work program of a discipline instead of specific content, list of competences, regional component share extended.
IHE licensed for RE Education
4
Higher Education Institution Bachelor’s, Master’s degree,
Field of Study
State-financed enrolment/graduation
in RE Department
Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI)
140202 Power Engineering 25 Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources
Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU)
140202 20/2-3
Last graduation in 2013
Gas Turbine and Unconventional Power Plants
Dubna International University for Nature, Society and Man (Dubna University)
140202 10 ? Energy and Environment (no current data)
Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPbSPU)
140202
270115
Construction
10
10
Water and Hydraulic Engineering
Kuban State Agrarian University (KubSAU)
110302.03.65 Power supply of agricultural sector, specialization: Renewable Energy
12 Electric and Thermal Engineering and Renewable Energy Sources
Moscow State University (Renewable Energy Sources Lab) (MSU)
022000.62 Environment and Natural Resource Management, Sp.: RE
/3-5 Renewable Energy Sources Lab
Ural Federal University (UrFU) 140202 15 Nuclear Power Stations
Master’s programs for Renewable Energy in various higher education institution of Russia
SPbSPU Master’s Program – 140202.68.06 “Design and Construction of Hydro Power and
Renewable Energy Structures” Master’s Program – 140200 «Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources» Master’s Program 270100 «Hydro Power and Renewable Energy Structures: Design,
Construction, Management and Inspection». MPEI Master’s Program – «Renewable energy power stations» UrFU Master’s Program – «Energy Conservation. Energy audit and Energy Efficiency
Enhancement of Enterprises and Organizations», specialization: Renewable Energy KSTU Master’s Program – «Power Plants», specialization: Renewable Energy Power Stations In KubSAU, MSU, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI“, Moscow State Agro-Engineering University, Chelyabinsk State University Altai State University teach disciplines related to renewable energy sources for bachelor and master students, work on master theses under the guidance of lead scientists in the field of renewable energy, of which many are present in this room.
6
Types of activities in renewable energy and degree programs by type
Research and Development • Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources • Electrification and Mechanization of Agricultural Sector
Projects • Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources • Hydraulic Engineering • Hydro Power Plants • Design, Construction and Management of RE Facilities
Construction and Assemblage • Hydraulic Engineering • Design, Construction and Management of RE Facilities
Operation • Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources • Hydro Power Plants • Electric Power Plants • Electrification and Mechanization of Agricultural Sector • Electric Power Supply
RE Facilities Management and Business Development • Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources • Design, Construction and Management of RE Facilities • Economics and Company Management
7
Total enrolment for Renewable Energy and Hydro Power Engineering in
Russia amounts to 150 people a year
Of which graduate 75-80%
In Russia, yearly graduation of engineers and masters amounts to 100-120
(including specialization)
8
Education for renewable energy expert: strategic principles
Educational process as part of higher professional education (renewable energy) should be organized as interdisciplinary innovative education space based upon unique educational solutions and scientific research results (within the framework of Russian Academy of Sciences, sectoral research institutes, lead technical universities)
This approach to cross-disciplinary education provides structured and integrated chain of knowledge received by the student at every level of education by groups of disciplines – humanities, general professional and specialist disciplines. That in turn ensures the presence of systematic knowledge upon approaching the subject of renewable energy.
Due to the fact that the subject of renewable energy represents a unique technical and natural complex, the engineer working in the field of renewable energy must receive a broad polytechnic education that allows one to combine training in Physics and Mathematics, technical and engineering disciplines, knowledge in field of electric power industry as construction, as well as economics and ecology.
Subspaces of Integrated Educational Space for RE Experts Education
9
Integrated Educational Space
for Renewable Energy
1. Renewable Energy Resource Assessment:
Research and Evaluation
6. Environmental Solutions and
Harmonization with Environment
5. Managerial Decisions and
Integration into Power/Power Supply
System
4. Social and Economic Grounding and
Solutions
3. Design and Engineering Solutions
and Ecosystem connections
7. Regulations and Strategic Decisions
2. Technical and Technological Solutions for Unconventional and
Renewable Energy
Tutorial and methodological materials (TMM) for main educational program in RE: algorithm of development
10
Forms of education
Annual operational syllabi
TMM for General Education Program
Operational syllabi
Full-time
Tutorial and Methodological Materials
Logistic Support (Laboratories, Centres)
Disciplines TMM
Practice TMM
TMM for Master Thesis
Evening classes
Externship
Educational Material
Multimedia and computers
Docs of Final State Academic Assessment
State Exams
Graduation Thesis
Thesis Defense
11
Prepared by: student of 6013/ group: Novikova N.I. Advisor Cand.Sc., associate professor Panfilov A.A.
THE PROJECT OF DALNEVOSTOCHNAYA
WIND POWER PLANT (DVWPP) CONSTRUCTION
Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Faculty of Construction Engineering
The Department of Renewable Energy Sources and Hydro Power Engineering
Saint Petersburg 2010
12
Site Selection and Site Validation for DVWPP
Vyborg Meteorological Station
Ozerki Meteorological Station
NASA Satellite (Merra)
7700 kWh/m2/year
3700 kWh/m2/year
5600 kWh/m2/year
2
Map for the Wind Specific Energy at 90 m
6
7
Wind Chart
Wind Speed Distribution Map based on Vyborg weather station and NASA satellite data
Wind Distribution Bar Chart
Based on the data on natural wind power potential in the coastal area of Primorsk, were developed:
15
Core Equipment Selection JSW J82-2
Enercon E-82
Sinovel SL1500/77
Suzlon S88-2.1
Subaru S80
Country Japan Germany China India Japan Capacity 2 MW 2 MW 1.5 MW 2.1 MW 2 MW Height, m 65/80 78.3/98.3 65/70/80 79 80 Generator Synchronous,
permanent magnets
Synchronous Asynchronous, with double-
current
Asynchronous Asynchronous, with double-
current
Gale Speed 59.5 / 70 m/s Temperature Range -30ºC to +40ºC
Wind Power Unit Choice Validation
16
Wind Power Unit General Layout
17
Nacelle Components of the WPU
18
19
Foundation of the WPU
Circuit Diagram of the DVWPP
20
21
DVWPP Site Plan
22
Construction
23
Electricity Cost Value, RUR/kWh
WPU Model (axis height)
Arrangement 1 (1а)
Arrangement 3 (3а)
Arrangement 4 (4а)
JSW J82-2.0 (80 m) 1.69 1.79 1.49
Enercon Е-82 (98.3 m) 1.87 1.99 1.66
Sinovel SL 1500/77 (80 m) 0.93 0.97 0.80
Suzlon S 88-2.0 (79 m) 0.97 1.03 0.86
Subaru S 80 (80 m) 2.40 2.40 2.01
24
Efficiency assessment Capital Investment 2,805,625 thousand RUR; Specific Capital Investment 74.2 thousand RUR/kWh; Electricity cost value 1.83 RUR/kWh; Expel fuel volume 31.8 thousand tons of reference fuel; Equipment life-time 20 years; Simple pay-back period, electricity rate 2.3 RUR/kWh 28 years;
Efficiency indicators, electricity rate 7.5 RUR/kWh: Simple pay-back period 5.5 years; Discounted pay-back period 8.5 years; Net present value 1,559,852 thousand RUR; Profitability index 0.56; Internal rate of return 17.5 %.
Large part in educational process of energy experts should play the laboratory research involving working experimental installations, test facilities and physical models. In SPbSPU, in 2006 as part of the Federal Target Program “Human Resources” there was organized a Science and Education Centre “Renewable Energy Sources” where Master’s degree students as well as postgraduate students have the opportunity to use equipment and systems of conversion of various renewable energy sources such as solar, landfill bioenergy, low grade heat of near-surface soil, wind and hydraulic energy for educational, research and demonstration purposes. Upon the launch of the Centre the R&D has amounted to more that 35 M RUR, more that 20 students received their Master’s degree and 8 Candidates of Science defended their theses. It is only reasonable to provide support for this kind of successfully working Science and Education Centres in the field of Renewable Energy within the framework of the Federal Target Program newly developed by the Ministry of Education and Science that will take place of the old “Human Resources” Program.
25
Autonomous energy complex, part of the 2kW solar photovoltaic plant and 2kW wind power plant with horizontal rotation axis and monitoring, accumulation and standby power supply system
Learning&demo heat supply system with 5 kW heat pump, low grade heat source simulator and heat storage system
Learning&demo heat supply system with solar system with and heat accumulation system with vacuumized heat collectors and heat storage system
Learning lab facility for examination of photovoltaic modules of various types with solar radiation simulator
Learning lab facility micro hydro power plant
Basic technical specifications of the energy unit: Generated capacity 2.2 – 10.0 kW Generator capacity – 11 kW Wheel diameter – 0.235 m Rotation speed – 1500 min-1 Net head - Max – 10 m - Min – 4 m Runoff – 0.12 … 0.21 m3/h
Electric cart with power supply from on-board photovoltaic modules
General specifications: Engine capacity – 3 kW Maximum speed – 40 km/h Accumulator batteries capacity – 100 Ah
Charging the vehicle from external solar array
32
It is crucial to provide top-qualification specialists along with the graduates of higher education institutions
The specialty in the list of Higher Attestation Commission (VAK) 05.14.08 «Renewable energy power
plants». The specialty is open in a number of universities and
organizations – SPbSPU, MPEI, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGASU), All-Russian Research Institute
of Agricultural Sector Electrification, Institute of Power Engineering, Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the
Russian Academy of Sciences etc. Merit rating and cancellation of Thesis Boards conducted
now by VAK must under no circumstances lead to liquidation of the Boards for this specialty
33
Demand for RE Experts by 2020 for implementation of the Government Decree №861
34
Indicator 2020 No of
experts, ppl/MW
Total for the Program by 2020, ppl
Small Hydro MW 751 1.25 1000
Wind power plants MW 3600 2.4 8700
Solar photovoltaic plants MW 1520 25 38000
Distributed generation MW 1000 2.5 2500
Share of renewable energy in power generation % 2.5
Total 50000
We need 7,000 graduates a year, whereas now we only have 100-120!!!
