„Energy from Chemical Fuels“

EEC 2012, Katowice

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb, KIT CC Germany

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

What are Chemical Fuels?

2

Chemical Fuels / Chemical Energy Carriers, CEC:

substances with chemical enthaly content

• produced for transport, storage

and use in energy conversion systems

• produced from fossil and biogenic energy resources

i.e. low rank / quality fuels

• or synthesysed from chemical substances

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

Energy from Chemical Fuels - field of operation

utilization

power

heat

mobility

chemical fuel

conversion

upgrading

electr. therm. energy

conversionchem. subst.

chemical fuel

storage furnace

engine

turbine

power plant

fuel cell

trans-port

energyresources

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

utilization

power

heat

mobility

chemical fuel

electr. therm. energy

conversion

chemical fuel

storage furnace

engine

turbine

power plant

fuel cell

crude oilnat gas

coalbiomass

dieselDMESNG

pellets

examples

trans-port

energyresources

chem. subst.

conversion

upgrading

Energy from Chemical Fuels - field of operation

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb 5

Challenges

• CO2-reduction !

• fuel resources ?

• RES integration

supply / demand gap !

Answers Chemical Fuels

• process efficiency

• fuel / load / product flexibility

• storage

• biomass

Energy from Chemical Fuels - Strategy

SET Plan

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

Potential of Gasification

Quelle: IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, 2005

Expanded technology initiative areas. All important but with varying time for implementation and winning business case

The initial areas

1. Wind2. PV/CSP3. Bioenergy4. Smart Grids5. Energy Storage6. Smart energy efficient

buildings and cities7. Advanced Nuclear8. Clean Coal

Further promising areas

9. Hydro10.Geothermal11.Marine12.Combined heat and power13.Advanced Fossil14.Energy efficiency in

industrial applications15.Fusion16.Fuel Cells and hydrogen

EEC, 2012-05-15 | Dr. M Callavik

by Magnus Callavik, KIC

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

Innovation ProjectsEnergy from Chemical Fuels

8

Akronym Title

1 DeBuggerDemonstration of efficient Biomass Use for Generation of Green Energy

and Recovery of Nutrients

2 Demitar Development and market implementation of PID and FID tar analyzers

3 SNGDemonstration of improved catalysts and reactor designs for the

production of SNG from biomass via gasification + SNG for smart gas grids

4 Fuel Flex Fuel flexible combustion systems for liquid and gaseous bio fuels

5 SynconNovel synthesis process concepts for efficient chemicals / fuel production

from biomass

6 UpgradUpgrading of low-rank biogenic feedstock for heat and power production

via combustion and gasification

7 xGaTe Extended Gasifier Technologies

Status 2012-04-24

Engler-Bunte Institute , Fuel TechnologyInstitute for Technical Chemistry, Gasification TechnologyDVGW Research Station , Gas Technology

9 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb | INFUB - 9, Estoril, Portugal, April 2011Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb │ INFUB 2011, Estoril, Portugal, April 2011

„Chemical Storage“

EEC 2012, Katowice

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb, KIT CC Germany

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

What are Chemical Fuels good for?

11

Chemical Fuels / Chemical Energy Carriers, CEC:

are produced / designed for:

• energy storage

• energy transport

• energy conversion

in systems with high energy efficiency

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

Power Storage – Energy Density

12

10-1 101100 102 103 104

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

MJ/kg

MJ

/l

Hydrogen

Methane

TNT

Air (300 bar, isothern)

Blei-Säure-Akku

Lithium-Ionen-Akku

Alkali-Mangan-BatteryNiMH Akku

Zink-Air-Battery

Ethanol

CNG(200 bar)

LNGGasoline

CrudeDiesel

Graphite

Hydrogen (liquid)

Hydrogen (700 bar)

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

1ltr gasoline

109 m³n NG

Power Storage - Options

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

Storage of Gaseous Chemical Energy Carriers

Storage Capacity

SNG from RES

• demand 2050: 16TWh

• NG infra: 330 TWhchem

PHS 0.04 - 0.06 TWh

Germany

KIC InnoEnergy / Energy from Chemical Fuels / Speaker: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

Transport of Gaseous Chemical Energy Carriers

Transport Capacity

120 bars / 1400 mm

50*109 mn³/a

70 GWchem

1 high voltage AC power cable

<1 GW

16 Engler-Bunte-Institut, EBI-cebInstitut für Technische Chemie, Vergasungstechnologie

DVGW Forschungsstelle am EBI, GastechnologieI

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

bioliq® BtL process at KIT

17 Engler-Bunte-Institut, EBI-cebInstitut für Technische Chemie, Vergasungstechnologie

DVGW Forschungsstelle am EBI, GastechnologieI

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kolb

bioliq® BtL process at KIT