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Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work.

Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

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Chemical Reactions Exothermic (Energy Releasing) Endothermic (Energy Absorbing) Both types often need some energy input to get the chemical reaction started = Activation Energy.

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Page 1: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Energy

Energy is defined as the ability to do work.

Page 2: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Forms of Energy• Chemical• Thermal (Heat)• Sound• Light• Kinetic• Potential

• Electric• Nuclear

Page 3: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Chemical Reactions• Exothermic (Energy Releasing)• Endothermic (Energy Absorbing)

• Both types often need some energy input to get the chemical reaction started = Activation Energy.

Page 4: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Reactants

Reactants

Products

Products

Activation energy

Activation energy

Page 5: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Enzymes Lower Activation Energy

Reactants

Reaction pathwaywith enzyme

Reaction pathwaywithout enzyme Activation energy

without enzyme

Activationenergywith enzyme

Products

Page 6: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Terminology for Chemical Formulas

• Reactant + Reactant Product

• In a reaction that uses an enzyme:

• Substrate Product

Enzyme Enzyme

Page 7: Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work

Conservation of Matter and Energy

• Matter and energy can neither be created or destroyed. Only the form can be changed.

• Matter is recycled in an ecosystem. Energy flows through an ecosystem.

• Autotrophs transform light energy into chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis.

• Heterotrophs acquire chemical energy by consuming other living organisms. (Food Chain)

• Nutrient molecules are recycled in an ecosystem as organisms acquire them and then release them when consumed or when they die and decay.


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