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Energy efficient commercial and institutional buildings
Pierre JaboyedoffSeminar on
Energy Efficient & Thermally Comfortable Buildings in Amravati
For CRDA, Andhra Pradesh
2nd May 2017Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency ProjectProject Management and Technical Unit (PMTU) 1 of 21
Energy efficient designExamples abroad and in India
• International examples▪ Integrated design comparison of different solution of
building architecture, natural ventilation and HVAC
systems
▪ Mainstreaming high performance office buildings (EPI
HVAC):Measured results in Zurich Minergie labelled
office buildings
• Indian energy efficient buildings▪ BEEP design charrettes
▪ Example of other Indian energy efficient buildings
What is energy performance index for commercial buildings
Source: BEE Star rating for Office Building & BEE Star rating for BPO
Main Meter
Renewable electricity
Grid Electricity
DG Electricity
Built-up area (m2)
Energy Performance Index (EPI) (kWh/m2.y) =Annual Grid Electricity + Annual DG Electricity
Built−up area
✓
✓
Total electricity
Parametric studies in the frame of an early integrated design process for a high rise building in Paris
• Parametric studies by varying parameters like:▪ Geometry of the building
▪ Windows to wall ratio
▪ Glazing and dynamic shading characteristics
▪ Natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation, hybrid systems
▪ HVAC system choices, heat recovery, …
▪ HVAC system performances
▪ Passive and hybrid systems and combinations
▪ …
Option 1 (baseline)
Option 1: Square deep floor plate (2000 m2), poor envelope, no dynamic solar shading device, mechanical ventilation without heat recovery (reference case for comparison with typical existing high rise building)
38m
60 postes de travail
1065 m2 SHON
27m
Plan libre
Espace fermé
RéunionsBox individuel
Reprographie
Sanitaires
Locaux techniquesAscenseur
Option 2
Option 2: Square deep floor plate (2000 m2), good quality envelope, dynamic solar shading device (Solar heat gain coefficient = 15%), mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, natural ventilation on the peripheral zones (Compact high performance building)
65m
18m
Plan libre
Espace ferméRéunions
Box individuel
Reprographie
SanitairesLocaux techniques
Ascenseur69 postes de travail 1189 m2 SHON
Option 3
Option 3: shallow floor plate (2000 m2, 130 m width, 15.4 m depth), good quality envelope, dynamic solar shading device (Solar gain coefficient = 15%), mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, natural ventilation on the peripheral zones (Shallow plate “bioclimatic” design)
36m
25m53m
19m
13m
13,83m
Option 4
Option 4: shallow floor plate (2000 m2, 130 m width, 15.4 m depth), good quality envelope, dynamic solar shading device (Solar gain coefficient = 15%), mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, natural ventilation between peripheral and central zones (Shallow plate “bioclimatic” design with cross ventilation)
15m
16,5m
13m
15m
47m 11m 26m 44m
3 D View of the design at La Défense, Paris
Energy performance index (EPI) of the 4 options
38m
60 p
oste
s d
e t
ravail
1065 m
2 S
HO
N27m
Pla
n lib
re
Espace ferm
é
Réunio
ns
Box indiv
iduel
Repro
gra
phie
Sanitaires
Locaux t
echniq
ues
Ascenseur
65m
18m
Pla
n lib
re
Espace ferm
éR
éunio
ns
Box indiv
iduel
Repro
gra
phie
Sanitaires
Locaux t
echniq
ues
Ascenseur
69 p
oste
s d
e t
ravail
1189 m
2 S
HO
N
Mainstreaming high performance office buildings (EPI HVAC):Measured results in Zurich Minergie labelled office buildings
EPI HVAC (total)
Heating demand
Electricity for cooling
Electricity for air transport
External movable lamella blinds(SHGC < 0.08 closed at 60°)
Only 8% of the incident solarradiation pass through the glazing
Treated fresh air displacement ventilation
Radiant panel or slab cooling
Return air to high efficiency heatrecovery AHU
High insulation
High performance glazings
EPI (HVAC): 37 kWh/m2-yr
Indian energy efficient buildings
• BEEP design charrettes
• Example of other Indian energy efficient
buildings
Integrated Building Design
Hospital Educational campus Residential township
World Trade Centre
Training institute & govt. office
Office & Retail complex
• Technical support to18 building projects (IT buildings, hospital, offices, residential complexes, academic institutions,..)
• >1.4 million m2 built-up area• 25-40% estimated energy savings
Experience of working with residential projects
• D B Pride, Indore (1743 units)
• P-17 Residential Project, Mahindra World City, Chennai (874 units)
• Smart GHAR 3, Rajkot (1176 units)
Integrated design process developed with a design charrette: Possibility to reduce the peaktemperature of 4-6 °C for non AC flats
70
78
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ESTIMATED ENERGY PERFORMANCE INDEXES OF CHARRETTE PROJECTSEnergy Performance Index (EPI) - kWh/m2.yBefore Charrette
Energy Performance Index (EPI) - kWh/m2.yAfter Charrette
EPI of BEEP Charrette Projects: Commercial Buildings
PUBLIC OFFICE BUILDING PRIVATE OFFICE/IT BUILDING EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE HOSPITALTRAINING
v
Case Study: Aranya Bhawan
Aranya Bhawan is the new office building of the Rajasthan Forest
Department in Jaipur, inaugurated in March 2015.
Aranya Bhawan: BEEP Design Charrette (December 2012)
• Client: Rajasthan Forest
Department
• Executing Agency: Rajasthan
State Road Development and
Construction Corporation Ltd.
(RSRDC)
• Architects: Mathur, Ugam and
Associates
As at the time of charrette, the orientation and building massing was
already finalized; the focus was more on envelope & HVAC measures
BEEP Integrated Design Charrette was held in December 2012, adopting a
collaborative working approach between the client, RSRDC & the architect.
Aranya Bhawan: Passive MeasuresRoof Insulation
Wall Insulation
Double-Glazed Windows
Reduction in Glazed Area
U-value: 1.8 W/m2.K
SHGC: 0.24
VLT: 36%
U-value: 0.6 W/m2.K
U-value: 0.5 W/m2.K
Aranya Bhawan: Cooling System
Water Cooled Energy Efficient Chiller (using water after waste water treatment)
Passive downdraft
evaporative cooling in
the stairwell
20Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency Project
Reduction in Cooling System Size
28% reduction
Aranya Bhawan: Solar Energy Generation
Grid connected rooftop solar PV• Capacity: 45 kWp (annual production:
~60,000 kWh)• Additional 100 kWp being planned
3.3
3.2
3.9
4.5
5.5
5.3 5
.4
5.2
4.6
4.5
3.9
3.4
1.3 1
.4
2.0
3.9
6.1
6.7
5.7
4.9
5.3
3.4
1.1 1.2
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kWh
/m2.m
on
th
Monthly EPI Comparison: Simulated vs. Actual
Simulated EPI Actual EPI
Electricity Consumption: Simulation & Actual (EPI)
Actual EPI: 43 kWh/m2.yearBEE 5 star benchmark: 90 kWh/m2.year
Aranya Bhawan – Energy Monitoring
Aranya Bhawan:Measured performances of the chillers (total capacity 220 TR)
Specific sizing control400-450 Sqft/TR
Energy efficiency measured0.5-0.7 kW/TR
Monitoring results Aranya Bhawan
Energy flow (Sankey Diagram) for the Summer Monitoring
Aranya Bhawan: Cost Benefit of Energy Efficiency Measures
EPI: 77
kWh/m2/year
EPI: 53
kWh/m2/yearActual measured EPI = 43 kWh/m2-year
Jupiter HospitalJupiter hospital Pune
India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM)
• Due to the space
constraints at its
present premises in
Nirvachan Sadan, the
Election Commission
of India (ECI) decided
to develop an
independent campus
for IIIDEM.
• The proposed new
campus is at Sector
13, Dwarka, New
Delhi. The charrette
for this project was
held in July 2014
India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM)
India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM)Some of the energy efficient features
India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM)Results of the design charrette (under construction)
Infosys Building - Hyderabad
• Example of a high performance office
building in India
• New ways of designing and integrating
technologies in India
Better buildings with lower cost, higher energy efficiency and thermal comfort, example of INFOSYS
33
Designs of the late 90’s New trend
Glass cost ` 230 per sq.ft
Heat ingress from glass
3.8 W/sq.m
Glass cost ` 225 per sq.ft
Heat ingress from glass
1.1 W/sq.m
>80% of Occupied Space should be Day Lit
34
Use of simulations to validate strategy
North South facing building with 16 m width to ensure 80% of spaces are day lit
100% daylit spaces
Efficient system (Radiant cooling)
▪ Manages sensible and latent heat loads independently
▪ Radiant cooling system uses 16 deg C chilled water for sensible cooling lower kW/TR
than business as usual
▪ Requires 80% less air than conventional buildings. (Air only for ventilation and latent heat
removal)
▪ Low pressure drop design for air and water distribution
Infosys HyderabadEPI = 70-80 kWh/m2-yr
IRRAD, GurgaonArch. AB Lall
INTERIORS AND TEMPERATURE ANALYSIS : SECOND FLOOR
20.9℃
21.8℃
20.7℃
21.4℃
20.3℃
23.2℃
20.7℃
20.9℃
23.4℃
Air temp.28℃
Air temp.28.3℃
Air temp.28.5℃
Surface temperature of Wall, Floor and Ceiling Air temperature
Gains of comfort thanks to the radiant coolingActual EPI = 70 kWh/m2-year
External Movable shades
ROLEX LEARNING CENTRE, EPFL,
LAUSANNE
COMMUNICATION BUILDING, EPFL,
LAUSANNE
External Movable shades: India
SAFAL PROFITAIRE, AHMEDABAD
External Movable shades: India
SAFAL PROFITAIRE, AHMEDABAD
External Movable shades: India
• External movable shading systems▪ Allow to reduce the solar heat gains by more than
80%
Comparison of the building energy performance (EPI) kWh/m2-yr
Swiss Federal of Statistics Tower35
Infosys Hyderabad85
Business as usualUSA
Business as usual (24/24 hours)India
AranyaBhawan
Actual measuredEPI = 43 kWh/m2-year
Possible range of EPI for office buildings 45-90 kWh/m2-yr
Conclusions
• Energy efficient and thermally
comfortable buildings▪ Target EPI below 80 kWh/m2-yr for commercial and
institutional buildings
▪ Importance of integrated design
▪ No additional cost if integration of energy efficient
strategies at an early design stage
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THANK YOU