Chapter 15 Sections 1-5

by: Andrea OlivarCindy TranEmily LeBlancMakenzie CoovertBrooke Graebe

Chapter 15 Section 1

The Federal Bureaucracy

What is bureaucracy?

➔ bureaucracy is a system of government that handles important decisions for an organization

➔ federal government is the largest organization in the US➔ it is a powerful and productive

way to organize people to do work(i.e. McDonalds, US Air Force, MTV, etc.)

Three Features of BureaucracyI. Hierarchical Authority

A. any organization that is structured like

a pyramid

B. increases work by lowering conflict

about who is in charge

II. Job SpecializationA. defined duties and responsibilities of a bureaucrat (simply an unelected

person who works for the organization)B. makes workers more efficient since everyone knows what they’re

doing

III. Formulized RulesA. a set of established rulesB. helps workers steadily accomplish their tasks since there are known standards

The Gov’t's many admin’s and agencies

➔ agency◆ often used to refer to any gov’t body

➔ commission◆ given to agencies charged with the rules of a business

➔ corporation or authority◆ title most often given to the agencies that conduct

business activities➔ staff agencies

◆ offers the chief executive advice➔ line agencies

◆ perform the tasks of agencies

Chapter 15 Section 2

The Executive Office of the President

The Executive Office of the President (EOP)

➢ EOP: A complex organization of several different agencies staffed by the President’s advisors and assistants.

➢ Established by Congress in 1939.

The White House Office

➢ “Nerve Center” of the Executive Office.➢ Includes the President’s personal and political

staff.➢ West Wing- (Oval Office and Cabinet Room).➢ East Wing- Where the White House public tours

takes place.➢ Staff consists of about 400 people including

press secretary, the council and the President’s physician.

The National Security Council (NSC)

➢ NSC: Small staff of foreign and military policy experts that advise the President in all domestic, foreign and military matters relating to the nation’s security.

➢ Members consists of Vice President, secretaries of state and defense, director of the CIA and chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Office of Homeland Security

➢ Created by President Bush after the 9/11 terrorism attack.

➢ The director’s primary job is to inform the President of all efforts to protect the country from any and all terrorism attacks.

Other EOP Agencies

➢ Office of Management and Budget➢ Office of Faith-Based and Community

Initiatives.➢ Office of National Drug Control Policy➢ Council of Economic Advisers

Chapter 15 Section 3

The Executive Departments

The 15 Executive Departments

➔ they carry out much of the Federal Government's work➔ the heads of these departments frequently meet with the President and

other officials in a group called the Cabinet➔ The 15 departments:1. State 2. Treasury 3. Defense 4. Justice 5. Interior 6. Agriculture 7. Commerce 8. Labor

9. Health and Human Services 10. Housing and Urban Development 11. Transportation 12. Energy 13. Education 14.Veterans Affairs 15. Homeland Security

Chapter 15 Section 4

Independent Agencies

Independent Agencies

➔ Independent agencies are agencies congress has created a large number of additional agencies .Several independent agencies administer programs similar to those of the cabinet departments.

➔ The reason why these agencies exist outside of the cabinet departments are nearly as many as the agencies themselves.

➔ Executive agencies include agencies like NASA➔ Independent regulatory commissions stands out among the independent agencies

because they are largely beyond the reach of presidential direction and control.➔ Some examples are:

◆ Civil aeronautics board(1938-1985)- regulates air traffic in the

United States

➔ Interstate commerce commission's(1887-1996) first commission ◆ in the U.S gave licenses and regulated commercial transportations.

Government Corporations

➔ Government Corporations: executive branch to makesure decisions are made

➔ Congress made corporations to ensure emergency programs…◆ Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation- bank ◆ deposits◆ Export-Import Bank- makes loans And now more than 50 forms of these exist.

➔ Run by board of directors and a general manager to direct the corporation

➔ President chooses the leader with Congress’ approval➔ Financed by the public➔ Examples of Government Corporations:

◆ Commodity Corporation-major crop-loan and subsidy agency with the Department of Agriculture

◆ Tennessee Valley Authority-directs itself (independent)

Chapter 15 Section 5

The Civil Service

The Civil Service

➔ spoils system: practice of giving offices and other favors of government to political supporters and friends

➔ “Father of spoiler system” was Andrew Jackson

Civil Service Today

Main objectives:➔ Recruit and keep the best available

people in the federal workforce➔ Hired through competitive processes

OPM (Office of Personnel Management)

➔ Central clearinghouse in the federal recruiting, examining, and hiring process

➔ Headed by a single director➔ Federal governments central personnel

agency

Quiz

1. Who created independent agencies?2. What caused the Office of Homeland

Security to be created?3. What are the three features of

bureaucracy?4. Who was the father of the Spoils System?5. Name two of the fifteen executive

departments.

Answers

1. Congress2. 9/113. Hierarchical Authority, Job Specialization,

and Formulized Rules4. Andrew Jackson5. Any Department of: State, Treasury, Defense, Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor,

Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Transportation, Energy, Education, Veterans Affairs, and Homeland Security