What do these three things have in common?

They are all naked and ugly!!

Quotations that are naked in your paper are just as ugly!!!

“Naked” Quotes

• You should never have a quotation standing alone as a complete sentence. We all know what happens when you let go of a helium balloon: . In a way, the same thing happens when you present a quotation that is standing all by itself in your writing, a quotation that is not "held down" by one of your own sentences. The quotation will seem

from your own thoughts and from the flow of your sentences.

it flies away

disconnected

• Example:– In the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry

God,” Jonathon Edwards claims that only those who have been born again as Christians will be saved because they have pleased God.

“‘Tis nothing but his mere pleasure that keeps you from being this moment swallowed up in everlasting destruction.”

• Correct:– In the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry

God,” Jonathon Edwards claims that only those who have been born again as Christians will be saved because “‘Tis nothing but his mere pleasure that keeps you from being this moment swallowed up in everlasting destruction.”

Embedded Quotes

What is an Embedded Quote?

• An embedded quote is a quote that naturally within your writing;

it is not just in.• An embedded quote should sound

like part of your own sentence.

flows“dropped”

Ways to integrate quotations properly into

your own sentences

1. Introduce the quotation with a complete sentence and a colon.

• Example: – In "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For," Thoreau

directly states his purpose for going into the woods: "I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately.”

• Practice – find the complete sentence that introduces the quote and add the colon:– Thoreau ends his essay with a metaphor "Time is

but the stream I go a-fishing in."

• Thoreau ends his essay with a metaphor: "Time is but the stream I go a-fishing in."

2. Use an introductory or explanatory phrase, but not a complete sentence, separated from the quotation with a comma.

• Example: – In "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For," Thoreau

directly states his purpose for going into the woods when he says, "I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately.”

• Practice – find the incomplete explanatory phrase and add the comma:– "We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us"

Thoreau says as he suggests the consequences of making ourselves slaves to "progress."

• "We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us," Thoreau says as he suggests the consequences of making ourselves slaves to "progress."

• Practice – find the incomplete explanatory phrase and add the comma :– According to Thoreau "We do not ride on the

railroad; it rides upon us."

• According to Thoreau, "We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us."

3. Make the quotation a part of your own sentence without any punctuation between your own words and the words you are quoting.

• Example: – In "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For," Thoreau

directly states his purpose for going into the woods when he says that "I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately.”

• Find the transition between the sentence and the quote:– According to Thoreau, people are too often

"thrown off the track by every nutshell and mosquito's wing that falls on the rails."

4. Use very short quotations--only a few words—as part of your own sentence.

• Example:– In "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For," Thoreau

states that his retreat to the woods around Walden Pond was motivated by his desire "to live deliberately" and to face only "the essential facts of life."

• Highlight the short quotes: –Although Thoreau "drink[s] at" the

stream of Time, he can "detect how shallow it is."

–Although Thoreau "drink[s] at" the stream of Time, he can "detect how shallow it is."

• Wait…– What does this mean? • “drink at”[s]

5. Indicate Change and be accurate when quoting a piece of literature.

• If you change a word then you must indicate the change using a bracket.– [ ] – not parenthesis ( )– Ex:• Although Thoreau "drink[s] at" the stream

of Time, he can "detect how shallow it is.“– ‘Drink[s]’ came from ‘drink’ and an ‘s’ was

added to reflect the verb-tense agreement.

• Quote the author as accurately as possible.–Do not use the quote in a way that

changes it’s original meaning• Ex: “I blest his Name that gave and took

/ That layd my goods now in the dust / Yea so it was, and so ‘twas just”–Bradstreet is angry at God who “layd [her]

goods now in the dust” so she curses his name.

Other words of advice

• Avoid long quotations.• Avoid beginning and ending a paragraph with

a quotation.

• If you omit part of a quote, use “…” to indicate missing parts:– “Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as

lead, and to tend downwards with great weight and pressure towards hell; and if God should let you go, you would immediately sink and swiftly descend and plunge into the bottomless gulf”

• “Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as lead . . . and if God should let you go, you would immediately sink”

Quoting Poems

• Poem titles are enclosed in quotes. They are neither underlined nor italicized.

• Example: – Anne Bradstreet’s “Upon the Burning of Our

House” reflects the struggle between Spirit vs. Flesh.

Quoting Poems

• If you are quoting two-three lines of poetry, you will use a slash ( / ) with one space on each side. The lines of poetry are enclosed in quotes.

• Example:– “In silent night when rest I took For sorrow neer

I did not look I waken'd was with thundring nois” /

/

Your turn!

• With your partner, create an embedded quote using the following:– Bradstreet puts God before everything even

though she loses all of her belongings.– “I blest his Name that gave and took”