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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
1729 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS DISCOVERED
1745 DEVELOPMENT OF 1ST ELECTRICAL CAPACITOR
1837 THE FIRST ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH
1861 THE ELECTRIC OVEN INVENTED
WOOD
COMBINATION
ELECTRIC
1874 ELECTRIC LIGHT BULB INVENTED
1887 1ST ALTERNATING CURRENT NETWORK
1904 INVENTION OF THE DIODE
1929 1ST COHERENT THEORY ON SEMICONDUCTORS
1943 FIRST PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC COMPUTER
1947 TRANSISTOR INVENTED
1971 1ST MICROPROCESSOR AND FIRST MICROCOMPUTER
The first computer my brother owned
1979 HANDHELD VIDEO GAMES AND CELL PHONES INVENTED
Electronic Quarterback was banned from my high school
Pong console
Show Pong
Bookmarked
Atari 2600 Console
Show asteroids
Bookmarked
1999 FIRST HARD-DRIVE MP3 PLAYER
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING RELATES BOTH ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS
ELECTRONIC VS ELECTRICAL
ELECTRONIC MADE WITH
SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL
USUALLY SILICON EXAMPLES-DIODES,
TRANSISTORS, RECTIFIERS, SUPRESSORS
ELECTRICAL MADE WITH
CONDUCTOR MATERIAL
METALS AND ALLOYS
EXAMPLES- WIRES, SWITCHES, FUSES
ALLOY A homogeneous mixture made by
fusing two or more metals, or a metal and a nonmetal
To obtain desirable qualities such as hardness, lightness, and strength
Brass is a mixture of zinc and copper
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS ELECTRON FLOW
OCCURS FROM THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL (WHERE THERE IS AN EXCESS OF NEGATIVE ELECTRONS) TO THE POSITIVE TERMINAL (WHERE THERE IS A LACK OF ELECTRONS)
CONVENTIONAL CURRENT FLOWS FROM POSITIVE TERMINAL TO NEGATIVE TERMINAL
SYMBOLS FOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS
BATTERY
AC POWER SUPPLY
DIODE
LED
TRANSISTOR
SWITCH
RESISTOR
OTHER SYMBOLS PAGE 460 OBSERVATORY
DIRECT CURRENT UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOW OF ELECTRIC
CHARGE ELECTRONS MOVE CONTINUOUSLY IN
THE SAME DIRECTION
ALTERNATING CURRENT
ELECTRONS MOVE BACK AND FORTH IN A REGULAR PATTERN
VIBRATING MOTION OF ELECTRONS ALLOW CURRENT TO FLOW
POWER SUPPLY PROVIDES THE ENERGY THAT CAUSES
THE CURRENT TO FLOW THROUGH THE CIRCUIT
DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH OF THE THREE POWER SUPPLIES
CONDUCTION, INSULATION AND PROTECTION
CONDUCTION Energy (eg. Electrical) transfer from one
material to another by direct contact.
Conductors are materials that allow transfer to happen. Examples of good conductors are copper, aluminum, silver and optical fibres.
Transition metals are good conductors of electricity and heat.
PRINTED CIRCUITS(EST/AST
ONLY) ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT PRINTED
ON A THIN RIGID BOARD
ONE METHOD HAS BOARDS COVERED WITH COPPER, THE CIRCUIT IS THEN ETCHED INTO THE COPPER AND THEN THE REST OF THE COPPER IS DISSOLVED AWAY LEAVING JUST THE CIRCUIT; ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ARE THEN SOLDERED INTO HOLES DRILLED INTO THE BOARDS
MASS MANUFACTURING OF CIRCUIT BOARDS VIDEO http://video.google.ca/videosearch?
sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4ADBS_enCA314CA314&q=printed%20circuits&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=iv&start=0#q=HOW+STUFF+WORKS+printed+circuits&hl=en&emb=0
INSULATION THE ELECTRICAL FUNCTION
PERFORMED BY A COMPONENT TO PREVENT THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT
PREVENT INJURY AS WELL AS SHORT CIRCUITS
CERAMIC AND PLASTIC ARE GOOD INSULATORS
PROTECTION FUSES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS ARE
EXAMPLES OF PROTECTION
PROTECTION IS A COMPONENT THAT STOPS THE FLOW OF CURRENT IN THE EVENT OF A POWER SURGE
ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE (EST/AST
ONLY)RESISTORS LIMIT THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS THROUGH AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
RESISTANCE IS MEASUREDC IN OHMS
READING A RESISTOR
ON 4 BANDS RESISTORS- THE 1ST TWO BANDS TELL YOU THE FIRST TWO DIGITS OF RESISTANCE (ex. RED=2; BLUE=6)
THE NEXT BAND TELLS YOU WHAT TO MULTIPLY THOSE NUMBERS BY (ex. RED=100)
LAST BAND IS TOLERANCE FACTOR (EX. GOLD= ±5%)
THEREFORE A RESISTOR WITH RED, BLUE, RED, GOLD WOULD HAVE RESISTANCE OF 2600 ohms ±5%
CONTROL
The function performed by a component that can open or close a circuit
switches and pushbuttons are examples of controls
SWITCHES (EST/AST
ONLY) SINGLE POLE SWITCH OPENS/CLOSES 1 CONTACT AT A TIME
DOUBLE POLE CAN OPEN/CLOSE TWO CONTACTS AT ONCE
ELECTRONS FOLLOW 1 PATH IN SINGLE THROW SWITCH
DOUBLE THROW ALLOWS ELECTRONS TO FOLLOW 1 OF 2 PATHS
P470
SWITCHES (EST/AST ONLY)ROCKER
SWITCH
TOGGLE SWITCH
PUSH BUTTON
MAGNETIC CONTACT
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION(ST/EST/AST
ONLY)CHANGE OF ONE FORM OF ENERGY TO ANOTHER FORM OF ENERGY
(ST/EST/AST ONLY) EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL
COMPONENTS USED TO TRANSFORM ELECTRICITY
INCANDESCENT BULBS- NEW FORM-LUMINOUS ENERGY
HEATING ELEMENT- NEW FORM- THERMAL ENERGY
PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS- NEW FORM – MECHANICAL OR SOUND ENERGY
ELECTROMAGNETS – NEW FORM OF ENERGY – MAGNETIC ENERGY
COMPONENTS WITH OTHER
FUNCTIONS (EST/AST ONLY)
CAPACITORSDIODESTRANSISTORS (AST ONLY)RELAYS (AST ONLY)
CAPACITORS CAN STORE ELECTRICAL CHARGE COMPOSED OF TWO ELECTRICAL
SURFACES SEPARATED BY AN INSULATOR (BLOCKS THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS)
CHARGE BUILDS UP ON ONE PLATE, INSULATOR IS REMOVED AND CHARGE IS RELEASED ALMOST INSTANTLY
CAPACITOR CHARGE FROM CAMERA
BATTERY BUILDS UP UNTIL BUTTON IS PRESSED
FULL CHARGE
IS RELEASED IN
THE FLASH
DIODE ALLOWS ELECTRIC CURRENT
TO FLOW IN ONE DIRECTION MADE OF SEMICONDUCTOR PROTECTS ELECTRONIC
PARTS FROM HAVING ELECTRONS FLOW IN THE WRONG DIRECTION
DIODE USED TO CONVERT AC TO DC
LED’S ARE ‘LIGHT EMITTING DIODES’ THAT GIVE OFF LIGHT WHEN CURRENT FLOWS THROUGH THEM
TRANSISTORS (AST ONLY)BLOCK OR AMPLIFY AN
ELECTRIC CURRENT
TRANSISTORS (AST ONLY) CURRENT FLOWS FROM
COLLECTOR TO EMITTER TO BASE BASE ACTS LIKE A VALVE THAT
ALLOWS CURRENT TO FLOW FREELY; BLOCK FLOW OR ALLOW SOMEWHERE IN BETWEEN
CONNECTION BETWEEN TRANSISTORS AND COMPUTERS P477 OF OBSERVATORY
RELAYS (AST ONLY) A RELAY OPENS OR CLOSES A
CIRCUIT USING AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL FROM ANOTHER CIRCUIT (THINK RELAY RACE-PASSING ON)
RELAYS (AST ONLY) COMMONLY USED TO CONTROL HIGH
VOLTAGE CIRCUITS FROM A REMOTE DISTANCE
LIGHTING IN A THEATRE, HIGH VOLTAGE APPLIANCES (X-RAY MACHINE)