El PretéritoEl Pretérito

Past tense.Past tense. refers to specific, completed past actionsrefers to specific, completed past actions

Key Phrases:Key Phrases: Certain time (last night, yesterday at Certain time (last night, yesterday at 4:00, last July 44:00, last July 4thth))certain number of times (once, 3 times)certain number of times (once, 3 times)

Structure:Structure: Simple tense Simple tense verb stem + endingverb stem + ending

The Preterite TenseThe Preterite Tense

Fixed point in timeFixed point in time I called you at 3:00I called you at 3:00

Specific number of actionsSpecific number of actions I called you five timesI called you five times

Enclosed amount of timeEnclosed amount of time I worked for eight hours.I worked for eight hours.

Sometimes time is implied rather than Sometimes time is implied rather than stated.stated.

1.1. I went to John’s party.I went to John’s party.

2.2. We ate at McDonald’s.We ate at McDonald’s.

3.3. The meeting was boringThe meeting was boring

In the first 2 sentences, it is implied that the action In the first 2 sentences, it is implied that the action happened once.happened once.

in the 3in the 3rdrd, we can assume that the meeting, from , we can assume that the meeting, from beginning to end, was boring.beginning to end, was boring.

Forming regular verbs in the preterite.Forming regular verbs in the preterite.

-ar verbs. Drop the –ar and add the following -ar verbs. Drop the –ar and add the following endingsendings

hablar hablar (I spoke, you spoke, he spoke)(I spoke, you spoke, he spoke)

Yo -é-é Nosotros -amos-amos

Túú -aste-aste Vosotros -asteis

ÉÉl/Ella/Ud. -ó-ó Ellos(as)/Uds. -aron-aron

Yo -habl-habléé Nosotros -hablamos-hablamos

Túú --hablastehablaste Vosotros -hablasteis

ÉÉl/Ella/Ud. --hablhablóó Ellos(as)/Uds. -hablaron-hablaron

-er and –ir verbs. Drop the –er or –ir and add the -er and –ir verbs. Drop the –er or –ir and add the following endings –They are exactly the same!—following endings –They are exactly the same!—

comer comer (I ate, you ate, he ate)(I ate, you ate, he ate)

vivir vivir (I lived, you lived, he lived)(I lived, you lived, he lived)

Yo --íí Nosotros -imos-imos

Túú -iste-iste Vosotros -isteis

ÉÉl/Ella/Ud. -ió-ió Ellos(as)/Uds. -ieron-ieron

Yo -com-comíí Nosotros -comimos-comimos

Túú -comiste-comiste Vosotros -comisteis

ÉÉl/Ella/Ud. -comió-comió Ellos(as)/Uds. -comieron-comieron

Yo -viv-vivíí Nosotros -vivimos-vivimos

Túú -viviste-viviste Vosotros -vivisteis

ÉÉl/Ella/Ud. -vivió-vivió Ellos(as)/Uds. -vivieron-vivieron

Orthographic Changes in Regular Orthographic Changes in Regular Verbs (Crazy yo’s!)Verbs (Crazy yo’s!)

verbs ending in gar; insert u before the everbs ending in gar; insert u before the e yo lleguyo lleguéé

verbs ending in car; change c to quverbs ending in car; change c to qu yo busquyo busquéé

verbs ending in zar; change z to c.verbs ending in zar; change z to c. yo almorcyo almorcéé

Verbos Irregulares (grupo 1)Verbos Irregulares (grupo 1)

ser, ir, hacer are ser, ir, hacer are unpredictable and must be unpredictable and must be memorized.memorized.

ser and ir have same ser and ir have same conjugation; use context conjugation; use context clues to determine the clues to determine the appropriate word.appropriate word.

Irregular conjugations: ir, ser, hacerIrregular conjugations: ir, ser, hacer

hacerhacerserseririr

ttúú

ellosellos

nosotrosnosotros

ééll

yoyo

hicieronhicieronfueronfueronfueronfueron

hicimoshicimosfuimosfuimosfuimosfuimos

hizohizofuefuefuefue

hicistehicistefuistefuistefuistefuiste

hicehicefuifuifuifui

Irregular conjugations dar, verIrregular conjugations dar, ver dar and ver have –er/-ir endings but dar and ver have –er/-ir endings but

no accents!no accents!

vieronvierondierondieron

vimosvimosdimosdimos

vioviodiodio

vistevistedistediste

vivididi

ververdardar

ellosellos

nosotrosnosotros

ééll

ttúú

yoyo

Practica!Practica!Yo caminar

Juan y usted ir

Manuel abrir

Yo empezar

Tú bajar

Ellos viajar

Nosotros acampar

Yo sacar

Cecil y Betty hacer

Yo llegar

Abigal y yo beber

Miguel y tú dar

Tú ver

caminé

fueron

abrió

empecé

bajaste

viajaron

acampamos

saqué

hicieron

llegué

bebimos

disteis (dieron)

viste