EFFECTIVE COOLING OF IC ENGINE BY USING VARIOUS FIN ...ijpres.com/pdf22/23.pdf · EFFECTIVE COOLING OF IC ENGINE BY USING VARIOUS FIN CONFIGURATIONS AND MATERIALS 1V. ACHYUTH KUMAR

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING STUDIES Volume VI /Issue 4 / AUG 2016

IJPRES

EFFECTIVE COOLING OF IC ENGINE BY USING VARIOUS FIN CONFIGURATIONS AND MATERIALS

1V. ACHYUTH KUMAR REDDY, 2SK. SUBHANI BASHA

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MALLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

(An Autonomous Institution approved by UGC and affiliated to JNTUH, Approved by AICTE, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade and NBA & Recipient of World Bank Assistance under TEQIP Phase- II S.C.1.1)

Maisammaguda, Dhulapally (Post. Via.Kompally), Secunderabad – 500 100.

___________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT:

Engine performance depends on various

parameters such as types of material use for

making engine, numbers of fins used, thickness of

fins, and fins Shape which escort thermal effect on

it. In this project our main aim is to analyses the

thermal properties by using different types of

materials for the fins with variable sizes slots to

improve its performance and reduce its cost. The

3D modeling of engine with different slot sizes

keeping fin size and number of fin same designed

on Solid works and the analysis on the ANSYS

steady state. Presently Material used for

manufacturing cylinder fin body and we are

comparing its performance using different material

such as Aluminium, Beryllium, Magnesium.

INTRODUCTION

Heat exchangers are widely used in

various, transportation, industrial, or Domestic

applications such as thermal power plants, means

of heating, transporting and air conditioning

systems, electronic equipment and space vehicles.

In all these applications improvement in the

efficiency of the heat exchangers can lead to

substantial cost, space and material savings.

Hence considerable research work has

been done in the past to seek effective ways to

improve the efficiency of heat exchangers. The

referred investigation includes the selection of fluid

with high effective heat transfer surfaces made out

of high conductivity materials, high thermal

conductivity and selection of their flow arrangements. For both single and two

phase heat transfer effective heat transfer

enhancement techniques have been reported.

However in the present work only SINGLE

PHASE STEADY STATE NATURAL

CONVECTION technique has been considered.

The heat transfer enhancement methods reported in

publications be summarized in many forms but

primarily they may be grouped as active

enhancement methods.

The basis of any heat transfer

enhancement technique lies in the utilization of

some external power in order to permit the mixing

of working fluids, the rotation of heat transfer

surfaces, the vibration of heat transfer surfaces or

of the working fluids also the generation of

electrostatic fields.

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

165


IJPRES

BASIC HEAT TRANSFER

2.1.1 Heat Transfer And Thermodynamics

The study of transfer phenomenon which

includes transfer of momentum, energy, mass etc

has been recognized as a unified discipline of

fundamental importance on the basis of

thermodynamic fluxes and forces. The transfer of

such phenomena occurs due to a conjugate force of

temperature gradient, velocity gradient,

concentration gradient chemical affinity etc. The

transfer of heat energy due to temperature

difference or gradient is called heat transfer.

2.1.2 Modes Of Heat Transfer:

The modes of heat transfer can be divided into

three segments.

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

2.1.2.1 Conduction:

CONDUCTION refers to the transfer of heat

between two bodies or two parts of the same body

through molecules which are, more or less,

stationary, as in the case of solids.

The governing equation for conductive heat

transfer is: In Cartesian coordinates

2.1.2.3: Convection

When energy transfer takes place between a solid

and fluid system in motion, the process is known as

convection. If the fluid motion is impressed by

compressor or pum, it is called FORCED

CONVECTION. If fluid motion is caused due to

density difference, it is called natural convection.

2.1.2.2 Radiation:

Thermal radiation refers to the radiant energy

emitted by bodies by virtue of their own

temperatures, resulting from the thermal excitation

of the molecules. Radiation is assumed to

propagate in the form of electromagnetic waves.

The governing equation for Radiation heat transfer

is:

PLANK’S LAW:

Heat Transfer By Extended Surface:

Convection heat transfer is governed by the

relation:

Q = h A (Tw - T∞)

To increase the heat transfer rate the following

ways can be adopted.

Increasing heat transfer co-efficient

(h). However increasing the value of h

does not significantly influence the

value of Q.

Surrounding fluid temperature (T∞) can be

decreased. But it is often impractical as in

most cases the surrounding is atmosphere.

Hence the only way is by increasing the

surface area across which convection

occurs.

The increase in cross sectional convection area can

be achieved by using fins that exted from the wall

of the convection shell. The thermal conductivity

of the fin material has a very strong effect on the

temperature distribution across the wall of the

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

166


IJPRES

convection shell and thus the degree to which the

heat transfer rate is enhanced.

Various types of fins are usually used:

Straight fins of uniform cross section

Straight fins of non-uniform cross section

Annular fins

Cylindrical fins

Pin fins

2.5 FIN PERFORMANCE

2.5.1 Fin Effectiveness:

Fin effectiveness is defined as the ratio between

heat transfer rate with fin and heat transfer rate

without fin.

€f = Qo/ hAθo

while using a fin for increasing heat transfer rate

we should consider that, the fin itself represents a

conductive resistance to heat transfer from

original surface. Therefore it is not necessary that

by using fins the heat transfer rate increases.

This facto is calculated by fin effectiveness

When €f< 2, the use of such fins are not

justified.

Fin effectiveness can be enhanced by,

1. Choice of material of high thermal

conductivity. Eg. Aluminium, Copper

2. Increasing ratio of area to the perimeter of

the fins. The use of thin closely placed fins

is more suitable than thick fins.

3. Low values of heat transfer coefficient (h).

2.5.2 Fin Efficiency:

This is the ratio of the fin heat transfer rate to the

heat transfer rate of the fin if the entire fin were at

the base temperature.

DETAILED GEOMETRY OF THE ENGINE

FIN:

After the modelling of the geometry we

then proceed to the analysis part where the model is

subjected to the structural thermal analysis.

The process of finding the best material for

convection in ic engine fins requires either a

prototype or a 3D model as per our convenience

using advanced modelling techniques to design an

ic engine fins and cylinder geometry.

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

167


IJPRES

Then the type of material should be added and

mass properties is observed.

Mass Properties ForAluminium Is As Follows

The solidworks software is used for designing.

In the software the mass of the product derived

directly as a value

Mass properties of Cylinder Block Supra X 100cc

alternate design

Mass = 1015.85 grams

Volume = 376240.31 cubic millimeters

Surface area = 182145.60 square millimeters

Center of mass: ( millimeters )

X = 4.76

Y = -31.73

Z = 2.74

Above fig represents the total mass properties and

and design insight of the model

Mass Properties OfGeeometry When Berylium

Is Used


alternate design

Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

Mass = 693.79 grams




X = 4.76

Y = -31.73

Z = 2.74

The above Fig represents the mass of a geometry

when beryllium is used.

Mass Properties of Geometry when Magnesium

is used:-


alternate design

Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

Mass = 639.61 grams




X = 4.76

Y = -31.73

Z = 2.74

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

168


IJPRES

The above Fig represents the mass properties of

model when subjected with the magnesium

Simulation:

The simulation of the project is carried out in the

ansys software. Ansys is a multi physics software

which allows us to perform various types of

performance tests which includes, dynamics ,static

structural, harmonic response, response spectrum ,

steady state thermal, transient state thermal and

e.t.c.

We are using Ansys 16.0 version to analyse our

model.

The Ansys system consists of a project schematic

which allows us to do a multi analysis for single

design with very fast user interface.

Imported Geometry ToAnsys Design Modeler

After importing of the geometry the discretization

process must be done using meshing solver .

Meshed Model

Analysis of the Model with Aluminium.

Boundary Conditions

Boundary conditions are the input parameters we

consider to solve a problem therefore the inputs we

given effect the output result

Results

Aluminium

Steady state Temperature of the aluminium Engine

Steady state heat flux of the aluminium engine

Transient State analysis of the aluminium.

Transient state temperature @ 5sec

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

169


IJPRES

Transient state @15sec

Analysis Of The Design With Berylium

Steady state temperature Beryllium.

Transient State Analysis Of The Design With

Beryllium

Temperature at 20sec

Temp@35sec

Analysis Of The Design With Magnesium

Steady State Analysis With Magnesium

Steady state heat flux

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

170


IJPRES

Transient state analysis

Temp@7sec

Temp @ 25sec

Conclusion

We observed different types of fins, in

prototype (or) 3d model point of view in

all aspects, like structural and thermal

analysis of suitable alloys.

We observed with respect to proper

boundary conditions in all parameters.

The slots of the fins were increased

slightly for more heat transfer rate.

The project conclude that prototype of

Magnesium alloy is suitable among the

other in all aspects.

The results shows, by using fin with

material Beryllium and magnesium is

better since heat transfer rate of the fin is

more. By using modified fins the weight

of the fin body reduces compared to

existing rectangular engine cylinder fin.

Future Scope

Various other heat transfer methods

can be adapted in order to improve the heat

transfer rate and other fin configurations must

be added to see how they with stand to

temperatures.

Several other materials must be

deposited to know that the which material is

used for this purposeof heat transfer.

References:

[1] NaserSahiti: thermal and fluid dynamic

performance of pin fin heat transfer

surface,

[2] Camci, C., Uzol, O. (2001): Elliptical pin

fins as an alternative to circular pin fins for

gas turbine blade cooling applications,

ASME paper 2001-GT-0180, ASME Int.

Turbine Conference, New Orleans.

[3] Chen, Z., Li, Q., Meier, D., Warnecke, H.

J. (1997): Convective heat transfer and

pressure loss in rectangular ducts with

drop-shaped pin fins, Heat and Mass

Transfer 33, pp. 219-224.

[4] EhsanFirouzfar, and Maryam Attaran, A

Review of Heat Pipe Heat

ExchangersActivity in Asia, World

Academy of Science, Engineering and

Technology 47 2008

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

171


IJPRES

[5] gulshansachdeva, under the supervision

of prof. k.s. kasana, computation of heat

transfer augmentation in a plate-fin heat

exchanger using rectangular / delta wing.

[6] Khan, W. A., Culham, J. R., and

Yovanovich, M. M., “Optimization of

Pin-Fin Heat Sinks Using Entropy

Generation Minimization,” IEEE

Transactions on Components and

Packaging Technologies, Vol. 28, No.

2,2005, pp. 247-254.

[7] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_con

vection

[8] heat and mass transfer, P k Nag

1. V ACHYUTH KUMAR REDDY

Studying M.Tech in stream of Thermal Engineering from MALLAREDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE.Completed B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering in 2014 from SRI INDU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(AUTONOMOUS), HYD. E-mail id: [email protected]

2. SK. SUBHANI BASHA

Completed B.Tech.in Mechanical Engineering in 2008from MRITS, NELLORE Affiliated to JNTUK, and M.Tech in Mechanical Engineeringin2011 from JNTU ANANTHAPUR Working as Asst.Professor at MALLAREDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), Dulapally Rd, Maisammaguda, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Area of interest includes: I.C Engines , Thermal engineering. E-mail id: [email protected]

Gurmeet

Typewritten Text

172

Documents

EFFECTIVE COOLING OF IC ENGINE BY USING VARIOUS FIN ...ijpres.com/pdf22/23.pdf · EFFECTIVE COOLING OF IC ENGINE BY USING VARIOUS FIN CONFIGURATIONS AND MATERIALS 1V. ACHYUTH KUMAR