Editors’ NoteThe 2020 Tempe Times edition is out! After many hard months of work from our 10PVDI crew, the latest edition of Tempe Times is ready to be devoured. As editors we have had the fortuitous opportunity to spend time reading and editing the articles that 10PVDI has produced. Through careful refining, we came to see that these feature articles are unique and covering the concerns of our school community. Reporting on recent events from a wide range of topics, including recycling to food, Tik-Tok to bush-fires, origami to uniforms and many on COVID-19. We welcome you to digest this latest edition of Tempe times and we hope to keep you informed until our holiday edition!Take care and wash your hands!

- Megan Li and Steven Nguyen (Editors)

22020 Tempe Times Editors: Megan Li and Steven Nguyen

Photography, layout and writing: The Tempe Times Team 2020 PVDI

Teacher: Mr DiasProof Reader: Mr Tennent

Photograph: Sandra Hoang

• tf you were asked about what part of the COVID•19

outbreak hit humanity hardest. your answer would

probably be Its toll on our health and the way in

which it has ripped through our society In mere

months. You may say It has severely restricted the

way we live because of the risk of infection. And, yes,

that is one side of the story •.• but what about the

other face of the coin?

• From March 20 to April 20 alone, Oi94,300

Australians lost their jobs due to the enormous

Impact from COVID-19.

• Many people are aware of the economic impact of COVID•

19, but to what extent are our lives going to be impacted

due to thf.s fallout? To begin with, this infographic

provides a rough outline of different repercussions of this

recent pandemic.

31st

A cluster of pneumonia cases

were reported in Wuhan, China.

7th

Chinese authorities identify a new type of

coronavirus (called novel coronavirus or

nCoV)

13th

First coronavirus case reported outside of

Chma in Thailand

30th

WHO declares a global pubbc health

emergency.

Felix Tanaka and Justin Chor

The World’s Social Parade

I’m sure we’ve all heard of it. The application that has never ceased to fail at being a

service.

TikTok is an , app that has endowed us with never-ending, super entertaining and awfully enlightening content.

Ask any one of your friends, and we’re sure you guys have heartily guffawed over some TikTok you’ve seen. TikTok was the most downloaded social media app worldwide for January 2020 with 104.7 million in-stalls.

This app has rewritten the standards of entertainment and associated with an incredibly vast variety of audiences. The platform has enriched some of the biggest stars we know today.

What does TikTok do? How has it impacted us?

In this article, Amy and I are here to simply break down the impact TikTok has caused on our local, national and global community.TikTok is about belonging to a movement, and to multiple communities that just want to express themselves through dancing, singing, acting, and collaboration! TikTok’s culture is authentic, and to be honest, sometimes almost too raw. Charli D’amelio and Addison Rae could be ‘renegading’ to that Lottery song and a swipe away, a girl spilling her heart, craze, feelings and guts out for Timothee Chalamet could be on the screen. Then there’d be a math teacher teaching us cool multiplication tricks, and another girl showing us a get ready with me, kinda vibey montage.

Amy Zhong & Catherine Vuong

A witty and confronting comedic video about political

issues would also be thrown into this explore page mix.

TikTok is an , reeling in

creators of talent, comedy and charm that very much

entertain the rest of the bunch.

For the month of January, half of our ‘for you’

homes and wildlife being overtaken by the blaze.

The fact that this app has us

helped bring to light news about our world’s political, social and environmental sufferings. News like the Australian bush-

unnoticed for three months until

spread and got the igniting memo. TikTok was absolutely a contributor.

It is without a doubt TikTok has come into play to help this happen, proving once again, the power social media can have on an international scale, and allowing content creators and viewers to reach audiences from all over the globe.

$150 million was donated to organisations like the Red Cross Disaster Relief and

Recovery fund in total, with over $142 million being donated after 1 January 2020.

Furthermore, the app has brought people together. It sounds funny doesn’t it? An app on a phone, the device that most adults would blame for their disconnectedness with their children, has the power to also bring people together? Well, if you open your app right now (May 2020) chances

every corner. With most of us spending so much time at home with our parents, some of them have

The #BlindingLights challenge was a viral dance challenge on TikTok, the hashtag at currently 289.5M views (in May 2020) lured in thousands of families all around the globe to perform the most uproarious synchronised routine ever. I see the impact at school too. Outside of the quad in areas like around C-block and D-Block, Amy and I spot friend-ship groups making tiktoks all the time

genuinely the cutest thing, we can’t lie that we and along with probably most of you guys are guilty of it too. We can

everywhere. It has presented a platform that expands further than the limits of our school, our local community, and even our country.

It provides an instantaneous form of connection, and endless entertainment for friends to dance, chat, and laugh together. TikTok presents itself as a common interest bridging the gap between people from different groups with different hobbies, age, race and gender; and effectively bringing them all together to marvel at this game-changing app.

Now sorry to be a debbie-downer, but although TikTok has a big sharing, recreating and trending culture there are some quite concerning consequences that have taken place already. The speed of virality on trends are extremely quick

who create or participate in dan A trend that has gained the most attention this year is called the ‘skullbreaker challenge’ where friends trick their friend to jump and then proceed to kick their legs out from underneath them. This usually results

seem like any ordinary, rational person would recognise this

act as stupid and dangerous, and it’s certainly surprising to see the amount of people recreating it. There are several cases where victims have lost consciousness almost immediately after falling down. There has even been a life lost because of this prank. Malaysian

these pranks can not only cause permanent disabilities but long-term consequences as well.

one of the worst.

TikTok has an enticing ‘for you’ page tailored to your interests and the videos you enjoy watch-ing. The pros to this are that it keeps audiences watching and interested for longer periods of time. The con is… it keeps people watching for longer periods of time. Catherine, shamefully admitted the many hours she spent passively scrolling through TikTok and the regret she felt afterwards. Parents can often be worried that their child is spending too much time online, and that it would distract them from school and their social behaviour. Ultimately, like all social media, extreme cases of addiction can lead to the decline in mental and physical health. The large focus on user to audience interaction can also open creators up to criticism, harassment and cyberbullying which can additionally lead to deterioration in wellbeing. Thus, caution and a

controlled and responsible use of this app can still allow for users to enjoy the positives to this app, whilst avoiding the drawbacks.

TikTok can be a relieving escape from reality as well as a tumble down a rabbit hole of procrastination. This is TikTok’s

second video can be enough to sway the world.

In this article, we reveal how gaming addiction is a dangerous disorder that is constantly around us. By reading this, you’ll gain an insight into gaming addiction and the various problems associated with it that teenagers face.Video game addiction is described as an impulse control disorder, which does not involve the use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological gambling. That is, people lack the ability to control their im-pulses and as a result are made succeptible to addictive and reward based activities and behaviours.

• Symptoms when games are taken away,such as sadness, anxiety, irritability

• Incapable to control themselves/ unsuccess-ful attempts to quit gaming

• Giving up their interests for gaming• Continues to the game despite their person

problems

Is gaming addiction a mental illness?

Symptoms of gaming disorder include:Recently The World Health Organisation rec-ognised gaming addiction as a mental illness. This disorder occurs when gaming interferes with people’s daily lives. WHO has stated that a gaming disorder is a “pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behaviour”, where peo-ple lose their temper and make gaming their number one priority, over other interests and activities.

Are you ADDICTED?

How do you recognise someone with a gaming disorder?

Photograph: Sharnia Zhang

Sharnia Zhang & Audrey Lu

What do students think about gaming addiction at Tempe High School?We decided to do some local research on what student’s opinion are on gaming addiction, as it is mainly teenagers who suffer from this disorder. Here’s what they have to say.

“My favourite game is CSGO and I have never been aggressive due to gaming and I don’t punch walls. I also don’t lose hours of sleep due to gaming because my parents restrict me at night. If I had to help people with a gaming addiction, I would just take away the gaming device.”-Eric I YR 9.

“My favourite game is CSGO, sometimes I stay up till 2 am gaming with my friends. I -

ceeding to get to higher levels. I don’t get angry when someone interrupts, however, I sometimes get salty. It is more of an impulse action.”-Jeremy Z yR 10

‘My favourite game is Minecraft and I am not addicted because it can mess up your social life, I play once a week for roughly 1-2 hours”-Isabella A yr 8

“My favourite game is Ark survival and I play around 5 hours a month and I feel like you can’t get ‘unaddicted’. People get addicted because their life might be quite dull and they need some escape, which in their resort is gaming.-Selina yr 12

“I believe people get addicted to gaming because of the small things you do such as getting a kill can create a positive response in your brain that makes you happier. I spend an average of 4 hours a day. Games have impacted the way I act in real life, as security cameras annoy me and certain microwaves like beeping cause PTSD or negative experiences in games and it has changed how I process my surroundings.-Jarod P year 10

Photograph: Audrey Lu

GAMEBOY ADVANCE SESSION LEAVE TWINS DEAD IN BATHTUBGregg Kleinmark was a father of 10-month twins and spent most of his time playing Gameboy Advance. While playing this game, he left his kids in the bathtub. He left the chil-dren for thirty minutes and the twins died by drowning.

What are the physical consequences of gaming addiction?Having a gaming addiction can affect your health, this can be shown in a number of ways, including wrist, neck and elbow pain, calluses, sleeping disorders and blisters on the skin. Long term addiction can also lead to fragility in the hands (peripheral neuropathy) obesi-ty or even blood clots.

MAN SITS ON HIS CHILD WHILE PLAYING VIDEO GAME James Dearman and his wife were playing games when they told their children to go to bed, on Christmas eve. James became frustrat-ed because they didn’t go to bed. So he chose to ignore the child’s gasp for air and suffocated his own child.

YOUNG BOY COMMITS SUICIDE TO JOIN GAME CHARACTERThis boy loved playing World of Warcraft and he created a character, called Elf. The child played constantly, so his parents banned him. As a result, the young boy jumped out of a 24-story window. The boy thought committingsuicide was the way to meet up with Elf.

So how bad can it get?The following examples highlight extreme cases, and the effects of gaming addiction.

Is There a Cure for Video Game Addiction?

There are therapies and some solutions to help people with video game addiction, such as one-on-one counselling. Psychotherapists attempt to help by relating gaming to school, job, emotions and life goals. Cognitive behavioural therapy treatment is another option, this option allows the addict to modify and shift their thoughts. They start treatment by identi-fying and focusing on the thoughts that started the chain of addiction and help the addict begin their transition from there.

Although these all extreme examples, they still occured and show the severity of gaming addiction and how it can affect individuals, families and communites

Photograph: Audrey Lu

A glimpse of the future with the Gaia Spacecraft

What is Gaia Gaia stands for the Global Astromet-ric Interferometer (investigative tools) for Astrophysics. This is a fit-ting acronym because Gaia is also the Greek goddess of the earth that created the universe. This is in refer-ence to the space telescope looking at other stars’ to try and predict our own stars origins. It is a large space telescope measuring 2.5 x 4.5m with an unfolding solar array measuring 10m in di-ameter. Gaia, created by the European space agency or ESA, has been sent on an ambi-tious mission to chart a three-dimensional map of our galaxy. This will be done by sur-veying 1% of the galaxy’s 100 billion stars. The goal is to reveal the composition, for-mation and evolution of the galaxy. Gaia has the ability to provide unprecedented positional and radial velocity measurements, that is, to track and predict the movements of most of the stars in our galaxy.

Rotation of the Large Magellanic Cloud

Taken by the Gaia spacecraft

Gaia also provides us with observations of known asteroids within our solar system, providing information on the orbits and physi-cal properties of these bodies found in space. Gaia boasts the largest digital camera in space which it uses to gather images while it rotates every 6 hours. With this camera, Gaia intends to identify some of the stars in our gal-axy that have been swallowed from other, smaller galaxies long ago.

Astronomers have known since the late 1950s that the Milky Way’s disc – where most of its hundreds of billions of stars reside – is not flat but somewhat curved upwards on one side and downwards on the other. For years, they debated what is causing this warp. They pro-posed various theories including the influence of the intergalactic magnetic field or the effects of a dark matter halo, a large amount of un-seen matter that is expected to surround gal-axies.

Liam Smith and Arthur Diep

How does Gaia a ect us?

In the crea on of Gaia, the scien sts that created it have taken one old art form, origami, and ex-tended it to t a new purpose. Origami is a Japa-nese folding technique in which paper is folded into di erent shapes, whether they be 2D or 3D. The principles of origami have been used in the Gaia Space telescope to expand the solar array or skirt.

Based on these newfound uses of an old cra , ori-gami folding techniques are currently being used to create stronger and more reliable products. Ar-chitects now use these ideas when laying oor-boards in a pa ern so that they just slide and lock together. This means that they do not have to be nailed down. Another product that uses origami is a new type of police barrier. These barriers are approximately 27 kilos and can be placed on the ground and unfolded. They are then able protect the people behind them from at least 3 shots red from a Glock-17 handgun. These new ideas used by the scien sts that created Gaia have thus ex-tended the use of origami in di erent instances to make some products lighter and more a ordable.

The Gaia spacecra can also a ect us on a larger scale in many ways. Gaia is unique in that it was developed by a rela vely small space agency. This agency, the European Space Agency or ESA, represents the European union in space. The Gaia Space telescope is a revolu on in space travel and astronomy. It is remarkable because it has found a new orbit around earth, code-named L2, that satellites can sit in without fall-ing back to earth or being a ected by the infra-red electromagne c waves emi ed by the sun. The fact that all of this was done by an ins tu-

on that is not Roscosmos or NASA is an achievement that proves that new organiza ons can also contribute to the explora on of space and the improvement of science.

Howthe

GaiaSolarArray

Unfolds

So what’s happening in society? Today, our so-ciety is the one to make changes, but instead, minimal acts have been done. We aren’t aware of the plastic wastage and how much plastic is really being recycled, or that 40% of the time, plastic is used only once. We say we can do something about it, but really, less than one-fi fth of the plastic is recycled globally. With the harsh weather conditions of Australia from the blazing bushfi res to the ferocious fl oods, plas-tic is literally being scattered everywhere. This causes greater concern, nationwide, as these plastics are now ending up in the ocean where harmless marine creatures are now devouring these so-called ‘marine foods’. As National Geographic says:

What’s the problem? The problem is that we are un-aware of what is really happening with plastic. The reason that all this plastic is ending up in our river systems and washing back onshore to our beaches, is because we’re not realising the impacts. Plastic has killed over 700 species. The consequence is that this plastic might end up being in our bodies. Besides, this damage that it brings to our environ-ment could span for generations to come. Before we come up with a solution, we need some back-ground knowledge on this issue. From what the map shows, Cooks River is a waterway that fl ows for about twenty-three kilometres, beginning at Graf Park, Yagoona and running through many suburbs, eventually reaching Botany Bay, fl owing into the South Pacifi c Ocean. This large river system can not only catch runoff pollutants but also bacteria emerging from the myriad amount of bottles used by all people.

“We made plastic. We depend on it. Now we’re drowning it”.

Digital illustration by Helen

So what are some solutions? t is not diffi cult to make changes to conserve our environment. We can form a bigger picture in the future by adding small consistent changes on a daily basis. Small changes like using reusable water bottles, reusable shopping bags and reusable coff ee cups can already prevent millions of plastic debris from going into the ocean.

You see differences. A turtle does not.

Digital illustration by Anthea

This pollution could eventually aff ect our bodies as well. When animals devour the plastic and become unwell, it passes on in the food chain which then impacts humans. Just like other mammals, we are part of the food chain and in turn, eat other species. Diseases in animals are hard to track and aren’t as obvious as seeing a bird eat plastic, which means the sickness-es from these animals could potentially pass on to us. These diseases place humans at high risk of catching and spreading disease around the community or even globally, just like the COVID-19. This is why it is so crucial for us to minimise the amount of pollution and wastage in order to protect the animals and ourselves. The more we recycle, the better the community and the environment.

Recycling- 10 Cent RefundWe could help out in the environment by doing recycling PROPERLY as well as participating in the government’s 10 Cent bottle refund program. The 10 cents refund pro-gram was launched and introduced on the 1st of Decem-ber 2017. Up till now, there are approximately 800 reverse vending machines around NSW. Any 150 mL-3L bottles that are made from eligible materials can be recycled as long as the bottles are in good condition. The criteria of good condition consists of the bottle being empty, un-crushed, unbroken, and having the original label attached to it. However, there are several exceptions in regards to the type of bottles. Any natural or fl avoured milk, cordial and compressed juice bottles as well as wine containers that are over 1 litre, unfortunately, cannot be included in the program. Each bottle could be refunded into 10 cents in many forms. The money could be redeemed as retail vouchers, donated to the society, or converted into elec-tronic and cash refunds.

At the end of 2018, the spokesperson for NSW Environment Minister, Gabrielle Upton commented that the Return and Earn program had carried out an impressive achieve-ment in her speech, “more than 930 million drink containers have already been collected across NSW return points”. She seemed pretty satisfi ed with the results of this scheme. The trend of 10 cent recycling programs are likely to be more common around the world. Furthermore, trends forecast that plastic debris could be reduced by 40 percent at the end of this year.

Let’s do this together!Together, we can make our community better.

Together, we can make our world better.Together, we can make our life better.

Photograph by Anthea

Why working with your friends doesn’t always

work!

Nathan Nguyen & Eugene Spyropoulos

Groups can be found everywhere around you. From every pencil and pen you see to the community you live in, groups are one of the core principles enabling our society as a whole to achieve the feats it has. This article will explain the structure of the average group and explain how groups can be organised to better suit the needs of the individuals in the group and aid the group in functioning as a whole.

A group can be divided into three categories; action-orientated, people-orientated, and think-ing-orientated people. Every person ts into at least one category, and having a healthy balance of these three categories will help a group run more smoothly. More speci cally, these three categories can be split into a number of individual roles with di ering skill sets and tools. These roles cover speci c mindsets or actions that an individual performs inside a group. There are a few simple tests which can determine what type of person you are and how you may act and perform within a group, one of which can be found at the bottom of this page.

Be sure to take the test so that you can organise your groups better and do better on your assignments! :p (we all know you’re just going to pick your friends anyways)

Team Role Test:https://www.123test.com/team-roles-test/ (Names are slightly di erent in this test)

These tests give you speci c role(s) you t into, which can give an indication of who you may pair well with. These roles include:

Thinking orientated:Idea generator:Makes broad ideas for the group, and are good problem solvers. Imaginative, bright and open minded, while still having a free-thinking form. They tend to ignore details. Expert:Sources of knowledge, advice, and ideas for a speci c area of knowledge. Very good at minute details, but often only hold knowledge in their speci c eld.Judge appraiser:Logical minded people and great evaluators,capable of seeing all sides of things. They can be very critical, however, and have a hard timeinspiring themselves to do work.

People orientated:Diplomat:Very empathetic, acting as a mediating role. Excels at solving con icts and helping people see eye to eye, but has trouble taking sides or decisive action, even when it is needed. DirectorAct as a leading role, seeing talent in people and helping to delegate tasks to the right people. Helps the group run smoothly by clarifying decisions and setting the group’s mind on the goal, but can be sel sh, leaving the work to everyone else if their power is misused.ConnectorPersues contacts and ideas generated by other members in the outside world, helping visualise the group’s progress and provide possibilities.Connectors excel at generating enthusiasm for the group, but may burn out and lose steam at the end of a project when it must be reevaluated.

Action orientated:

ActualiserThese people take suggestions and ideas from team mates and make them into a reality. They are conscientious people who you can trust to deliver the work on time. They are invaluable to a team, but can be seen as in exible as they do not like to deviate from established plans.CoachCoaches provide the push and momentum to the team. They love nding solutions to problems and push onwards even when the team feels worn out. This role is very important to avoid having a team be complacent, but can be overbearing and aggressive as they try to nish the group’s work. FinaliserFinalisers are speci c on details, providing extra polish to a group’s work. They are adamant that everything is perfect, and are especially as focused with their own work. Finalisers can make sure that the group’s work is of high standard, but can annoy other members who do not see the importance of these details.

Fashion frenzy Stephen Anastasiou

Men’s fashion over the years has changed drastically to adapt to the modern era, yet these changes can take wildly different paths based on the different interests and lifestyles present in society. This article will help you understand and become familiar with all these modern fashion trends along with a personal opinion and rating of the outfits from a non biased point of view.

The first image exhibits how the gaming community has evolved in terms of fashion amongst the evolution of fashion. Andy K of the gifted and talented stream has once again emerged with his gift and talent with this wonder fit that perfectly depicts gamers. The somewhat pyjama look along with the outer jacket shows how gamers can rock it in the room, whilst still dominating the scene outside with a slick hooded jacket. Andy, the man rocking this outfit, is widely known as the leader of the Sydney meme clan so it is safe to say that his outfit is a wondrous representation of those in his community. In terms of my ratings for the outfit, this outfit is very culturally and aesthetically appealing whilst still maintaining originality, however more colour on the upper half of his outfit would be nice. SCORE: 8.5/10

The next side of fashion we will be taking a look at will be coming from the sport community. Here we see SRC enthusiast George Joseph Mary Keledjian, more commonly known as George Keledjian, rocking a Stoke City Football Club scarf along with an Australian cricket hat. The lovely buttoned shirt also shows that even the sportiest hunks can keep it classy. It is common knowledge that sporting fashion changes like the weather, but you can count on George to be up to date with the latest trends due to his rich involvement in European giants Stoke City. In terms of my ratings for the outfit, George has excelled in the fashion industry and really set a great image for sport enthusiasts. The

only criticism is that his hat may be a size too big. SCORE: 9/10

Elegance. Domination. Register. This outfit is the zenith of humanity. It cannot be improved upon, and yet, it will remain humanity's greatest accomplishment for millenia to come. Jasper Ottery represents the circus community with a splash of sauce, and a behemoth blade of genius. Wow. astonishing. It is reasons like this which really ensure that the circus is the most impressive section of society. The simplistic yet advanced design really captures not only the modern era, but has shaped generations to come. In terms of my ratings for the outfit, the only dilemma was whether or not to exceed the 10 limit. SCORE: 12/10

The final outfit this article will cover is from the cultural group known as uk hooligans, also known as drillers. Here we see aspiring grime MC Dionysios Giannitotis repping a designer jacket, crispy jeans and the most dead haircut known to mankind. Unfortunately Dionysios, aspiring grime MC, has put a stain on the reputation of not only the uk hooligan community, but society as a whole due to his appalling style. Ever since Dionysios, aspiring grime MC, made his mark in the scene, the world has undergone a pandemic and also heavy racism issues, and it is common knowledge that our downfall has Dionysios, aspiring grime MC, to blame. In terms of my ratings for this outfit, disgusting. SCORE: 1/10

Is instagram worthy food

eally worthy?-

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Easy

Ingredients

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Apricot chia jam:

Equipments

Instructions Apricot chia jam:

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Coconut slice:

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The World of

Plastic Models

TOY

MODEL

I believe that you enjoyed play-ing with toys when you were a kid, but the toys were already completed products, right? When you were holding the toys in your hand, did you ever think about how the toys were made? Well, if you are interested, how about trying to build a plastic model?

Photograph made by:Ruichen Zhang

Photo taken by: Ruichen Zhang

Now you might think, ‘WHAT? Aren’t these just some ran-dom parts? the completed toys are a lot better!’ Sure, that’s a point, but building your own models by hand will give you a real sense of achievement that you can’t get from just playing with an already made toy!

Th ere’s a benefi t of building plastic models as a hobby: it helps to relax your nervousness and tiredness as well as mov-ing your brain. It allow individuals to expand their horizons and keep their minds active while enjoying their spare time. It also can teach skills that video games and toys cannot; when you are in the process of building, you get a chance to see how each small part makes up the mechanical structure and allows for specifi c movements. Th is is a craft sman expe-rience you only get to enjoy when building things yourself.

You have to try build things up YOURSELF !

Stop using Stand !

Furthermore, as we know, plastic pollution is one of the most serious problems in our world. People use plastic for disposable supplies and treat them as trash once they fi nished using them. To solve these prob-lems, a lot of plastic model companies such as Bandai and TamTamiyaiya make a special type of plastic material called “Eco-pla”. Th ey collect recycled plastics and decompose them into clean plastic cement; this is then injected into moulds for toy parts. Trash turns into treasure just like that, so when you buy these model toys, you are actually helping to solve the plastic solution.

YARE-YARE-DAZE

(If you decompose these trash with machines....)

(It magically turns to treasure!)

Photo taken by:Ruichen Zhang(During gbwc exhibition)

Photo from:ABC News

Are Models Th at Diffi cult?Are Models Th at Diffi cult? Th e biggest reason people don’t build models is that they feel scared about the diffi culty level of building. “Will it be too hard for me?” is the question most people ask, and the answer for this is defi nitely NO, since we are lucky to be born in the current generation. In the past, the moulds of plastic models were not that accurate, there were no joints between parts, and the whole model was just a single color so you needed to paint it by yourself. But as technology improved, we were able to develop more accurate moulds and joints for models. If you are a beginner, there are some mod-els that can be made without any tools needed. For model-building experts, they can challenge themselves with higher diffi culty levels.

Use these tools to enjoy your modelling!

In the early 20th century, models were just made for airplanes, warships and tanks. It was just a minority hobby for fans of the army. Now, how-ever, we are able to build models of cool robots, ferocious monsters, game characters and even beautiful maidens. I believe that no matter what your gender is, or what other hobbies you have, there will be a model that can interest you!

“As Gundam is my “As Gundam is my Favourite anime.”Favourite anime.”

“I’m gonna “I’m gonna complete the entire complete the entire series!”series!”

“WRYYYYYYYYYYY!”“WRYYYYYYYYYYY!”

Model made by: Ruichen Zhangmodel & Photography made

by: Ruichen.zhang

And, if you are creative enough, you can plan and customize your model anyway you like, by adding additional parts, adding extra details using drills, hand saws and gravers. You can even paint it a color you desire to make a stylish model that just belongs to you! How exciting is that!

Right here is what I have done to customize my own models for the past years, and I have won the championship of the Gunpla Builders World Cup two times in Australia. All I did was to have a clear image of what I wanted my fi nished model’s outcome to be, and then drew a sketch of the design. But still, the most important thing is to practice your skill. If you give model building a try, the next champion might be you!

2018 Australia Junior Champion

2019 AustraliaSenior Champion

model & photo made by:Ruichen Zhang

Ruichen & His Collection

Photo Source: Bandai Hobby Net

Photo Source:Bandai Hobby Net

GBWC 2019 Offi cial PosterGBWC 2019 Offi cial Poster

Experience the Artisan Spirit Experience the Artisan Spirit Behind ModellingBehind Modelling

Th e processes to produce a plastic model and sell it on the market are not very easy. Firstly, the company has to get a good prototype designer that can make a satis-fi ed prototype of the completed product. Th en, the mould designer has to do a reverse process of building it, separating it into appropriate parts and using metals to make the mould.

Aft erward, they melt plastic cement into liquid form, which then gets injected into the moulds, exactly like the process of using an ice tray in your freezer, but with an accurate machine to work it out. When the cement in the mould has cooled down and become hard, they put the parts in the package, and a clean high-quality plastic model is ready to put on sale. All of this is done for you, so why don’t you try and experience the artisan spirit of craft ing models for yourself?

If you think you are interested, then If you think you are interested, then try it! I believe it will help your try it! I believe it will help your design and graphics assessment. design and graphics assessment.

Photo by: Ruichen Zhang (at Gundam BaseTokyo)

Shayla Do and Gia Minh TrinhEven though man made climate change has been around since the Industrial Revolution, it wasn’t until the 1990s that the world began to seriously advance this. Since then, despite much debate, not much has changed. Climate change is a massive problem, unfortunately, that is only one factor in regards to our environmental problem. Others include pollution, global warming, acid rain and much more. Fortunately for us, talented in-ventors have come up with life-changing solutions that can help and improve the consequences of the prob-lems that humans are at fault with.

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AVANI BIODEGRADABLE BAGS

They may look like plastic bags, but are actually a hundred times better! The bag is eco-friendly, 100% biodegradable and compostable. Plastic bags are one of the main contributors to pollution and seriously harmful to our environment. It is esti-mated that over 100,000 marine animals die each year from plastic debris drifting in the ocean, plastic bags being the main problem.Plastic bags take years to decompose or disintegrate. However, this is not a problem with this great green technology. While the bag is eco-friendly, biodegradable and compostable, it is also drinkable and safe for animals and humans to eat. To prove this, AVANI founder, Kevin Kumala, placed a piece of the bag into a glass of water. After stirring it around, dissolving it,

is especially helpful towards turtles who often mistake plastic

HOMEBIOGAS

If you want a device that can be used for your household, HomeBiogas is a wonderful choice for your kitch-en and garden. HomeBiogas is a huge container with anaerobic bacteria that helps with the fermentation process of the organic waste that you chuck into it. The process produces gases and fertilizers, similarly to

HomeBiogas, it is recommended to get a full pack including the stove and also the toilet.

BEER BOTTLE SAND MACHINE

An environmental problem that concerns the world is the fact that the world is running out of sand. Sand is one of the most consumed natural resources, that is used in many products including glass and even in your toothpaste! The sand we use is from beaches causing beaches to run out of sand. It takes thousands of years

Meet the Beer Bottle Sand Machine! Designed and made by New Zealand DB Breweries in 2017, this inven-tive machine causes beer bottles to turn into sand in just 5 seconds! The process is simple! When the bottle is inserted, a laser triggers a wheel of small steel hammers at 2,800 rpm that polarizes the bottle in tiny bits. A small vacuum which purpose is to remove silica dust and the plastic bottle the bottle may have. One bottle approximately is equivalent to 200 grams of sand. The company is using this sand to substitute the missing sand from New Zealand beaches. Don’t worry, unlike glass shards, it is perfectly safe to walk on! It is also distributed to construction companies, concrete manufacturers and more. By doing this, it reduces the need for beach sand, saving the environment and so in a few years time.

(an image of the beer bottle sand machine)

HBO PODS

successfully create a single-use for personal care that is water-soluble in the world. This company is trying to combat bottle waste and eliminate the use of plastic in the future where the beauty industry will no more rely on plastic. NOHBO is trying to produce high-qual-ity but eco-friendly products. The pods are available for many options: shampoo, conditioner, body wash and shaving cream. Therefore the customers’ need

a tiny pod. However, the pods seem to be similar to sweet treats so adults should be cautious to put this out of children’s reach. The product itself also has a bitterness to prevent the youngsters from consuming it. Personally, the product is quite expensive when the customers have to pay approximately 10$ for one use, but this won’t stop their development in the future!

EDIBLE SIX-PACK RINGS

is based on six-pack rings that come from can beer packaging. Luckily the Saltwater brewery of Delray Beach, Florida came up with edible six pack rings. This smart invention is made from barley (a type of cereal grain) and wheat leftovers and baked similar to bread dough. After it is taken out of the oven, it hardens to make edible six pack rings that are 100% biodegradable and safe for consumption. Despite being made of wheat and barley, it is still as strong and durable as normal plastic rings. So if curious animals ever mistake six pack

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Cultural value is always a recognizable and appreciable humanness’ proper-ty. When you achieve your goal, or fail miserably, think about a place

where, is it more than just a shelter which does not just exist for you to rest, think about your family, your ancestors, think about how much they went through in the past to have your grandparents, your parents and you. Af-ter hundreds of years, your family is still car-rying the blood of your ancestors, your culture, which, even if you go pass millions of galaxies, or ignoring and denying it, that fact is absolute.

As a person who carries the Vietnamese blood and travel around the world on holidays, I always study the history and the culture of countries I

-teresting to “Wow!”. But still, I love my country more. It’s a part of my blood and a part of my soul. I’m proud of being Vietnamese, not because of the modern country running by crappy gov-ernment and terrible regime, but of the beauty

of the landscape (without rubbish), the glorious history of defending the country from enemies, and the traditions and customs. As a living hu-man, you carry the blood of your mother, your father, and that blood has been passed down for centuries. You need to be appreciated that you are part of a culture, part of a community.

The Disappearingof CultureSteven Nguyen

Pho, a worldwide Vietnamese dish, Steven Nguyen

Terrace in Sapa, Vietnam. Khanh Hmoong, flickr

But why it is important?We are living, studying and working in a multi-cultural environment. We live in Australia, one of coun-tries which are multi-cultural. We even celebrate it by the Harmony Day. Cultural value determines who we are today. The traditions need to be continued and spread worldwide to show other cultures that our culture is also important.

Thousands of years ago, human discovered how

tools to get resources. Then it developed to kingdoms with trading system, law system and currency. They started expanding their land by invading others’ land. Then came the in-dustrial Revolution, which changed the world forever. Countries started abolishing monar-chy and the main power went to the parlia-

to control the countries like Capitalism, Com-munism, etc., and became modern countries.

Cultural value represents who you are by show-ing the past of your family. Cultural value is de-veloped by the location and by the history of

view of governing the country divided Vietnam into Southern and Northern. I’m from the South-ern Vietnam and I can say that our Southern value is open, western-thinking and most of the time, no strict rule in family. But the Northern Vietnam did not contact with the Western Cul-ture as the South did, so they are close-mind-ed and always follow the rules from their an-

Vietnamese and North Vietnamese think. But culture is culture. Those are not outdated. The Southern people want to teach their kids like the Western parents, and the Northern people want to teach their kids by their parents’ way.

The value is also shown through traditions. In Mexico, they celebrate the Day of the Death, or Día de los Muertos. This is part of their her-itage. They celebrate to remember the dead

Sächsische Maschinenfabrik in Germany, 1868

Day of the Dead at Tecomitl Cemetery, Eneas de Troya

people, what they have done to help their family and the world. During the Songkran, Thailand’s national holiday celebrating New

throw water at each other. It is a tradition.

We are living, studying and working in a multi-cultural environment. We live in Aus-tralia, one of countries which are multi-cul-tural. We even celebrate it by the Harmony Day. Cultural value determines who we are today. The traditions need to be continued and spread worldwide to show other cultures that our culture is also important. But saying is easier than doing, there is one problem…

Fun Fact: The above source was from the Second Industrial Revolution

Teen CultureAs the world develops, it enters a new era, a new revolution called Digital Revolution. This is the turning point of cultures. By this time, people were still loving their cultures, but this marked the beginning of wireless technology. In the year 2000, the Fourth Industrial Revolution began, called Technology Revolution. This intro-duces computers, phones and internet. People now can connect to each other, checking news around the world or exploring new places with-out stepping out of their house. This creates a huge gap for cultural value. As I have discussed, cultural value is formed through migrating and moving. Without moving, our culture will step on a single spot, it won’t be upgraded. It won’t even be communicated.

When the internet takes over the world, it al-lows information to be mass-produced. More and more information is published every sec-ond. Our small brain cannot consume that much information, but it happens. We are being dis-tracted by junks and dramas from the real edu-

but it is useless. I’m not trying to be critical or old, it’s the truth. Here are three questions:

1. Can you tell what happened to acelebrity’s marriage or a section of your coun-try’s history?

2. Can you tell what happened in amusic festival or a traditional event which is a part of your culture?

3. Can you tell the history of a celebrityor your ancestor’s struggles?

As the internet develops, teenagers start getting deeper and deeper into the realistic fake world on the internet. Our generation is further from the cultural traditions and stops attending the traditional events. In conclusion, I want to state that the cultural value is being forgotten in ev-ery culture because of our ignorant and our attention to the teen culture, digitally and physical-ly. To save the traditions, you don’t have to get away from your phone, just improve your knowl-edge about it, and spread it worldwide when you ever have a chance to. You don’t have to leave your safety place to do something risky, just do it safely. Save our culture, save our future.

Kartikeya, the god of war, in Hinduism, Steven Nguyen

The fi rst thing that comes to the mind of most peo-ple when they hear 2020, is “Covid 19”. During this time of the year, sport fans around the world would normally be looking forward to either the birth of a new season or the thrilling end of a current one. During the beginning of March, the spread of this virus resulted in stadiums, which are normally full and vibrant, becoming dull, lifeless and empty. The fi rst cases of sportspeople acquiring the virus shortly came after, with the diagnosis of both Dan-iele Rugani (Juventus Football Club) and Rudy Gobert (Utah Jazz Basketball Team) on March 11, signalling the beginning of what has been a tough period in sport. By the end of April, multiple codes of sport at all levels had become non-existent.

For once in all of our lives, we were unable to gather together and cheer our teams on.

Although it may seem as though all hope is lost, as we are currently unable to support our favou-rite teams, fear not, sport lovers. Multiple asso-ciations from across the globe have put together some of the greatest moments from their respec-tive sports, to maintain our sporting appetite.

This enables us to witness defi ning world cup matches in football, edge of your seat basket-ball games, as well as iconic moments of na-tional pride. Some associations have also de-cided to take their sports to the online stage.

Postponements and cancellations put in place in an eff ort to curtail the spread of the virus.

The "Sportdemic" Strikes! James Filacouridis

Both Formula 1 and the Supercars Cham-pionships are having their stars battle it out via racing simulators which emulate the real thing. FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) have also teamed up with EA (Electronic Arts), to have global soccer stars vs each other through the Fifa game, as an alternative to the real sport.

As religious sports fans, Australians have defi nitely been impacted by the necessary actions taken, as a result of the Corona-virus. Whilst the postponement of some global events might not be as signifi cant to us, national sports codes including the new seasons of the AFL and NRL, as well as the climactic ending of the current A League season, have also been post-poned. These national codes have re-sponded in a similar fashion to the inter-national associations, by allowing viewers to relive classic moments, including last minute winners in the A League and tackles that have defi ned both the AFL and NRL.

Junior leagues have unsurprisingly fol-lowed suite, resulting in millions of children suddenly being unable to participate in what they love at their local sports ground. Foot-ballers, netballers and rugby league play-ers are now having to deal with the news that their competitions and training ses-sions have been cancelled or postponed.

Like many others, my soccer association is still waiting to fi nd out when my local soc-cer season will resume, as we are yet to receive clearance from the NSW govern-ment to recommence training and play.

These suspensions have also resulted in major eco-nomic losses for both whole leagues, individual teams and players. Due to a lack of attendance from fans, no broadcasting deals, poor ticket sales and a potential loss of sponsors, all codes of sport at all levels, face many hardships and struggling times ahead. This may also result in prolonged closures of certain teams that may be struggling to re-establish themselves fi nancially.

Corona virus has defi nitely had a major impact on sport with many repercussions to occur after this virus has passed. As sport slowly starts to be-come part of everybody’s lives, one thing for sure is that there will be multiple changes in regards to cheering our teams on as they battle for glory!

Bushfires, the raging infernos of AustraliaBushfires, the raging infernos of AustraliaChris Zhou and KevinChris Zhou and Kevin

When we think of naturaldisasters, we usually think oftornadoes, hurricanes, andtsunamis. But one thingnever comes to mind,bushfires. In this featurearticle, we will go over whatexactly is a bushfire, how itis caused and the effectsand impacts it has on theenvironment and human life.The reason we are doing thisis because bushfires haverecently become a massivethreat to our home inAustralia.

So what are they?Bushfires are generally uncontrolled firesthat scorch and burn away bushes andforests in Australia. They are sometimesstarted by extremely high temperatures,low humidity, and strong winds whichallow for the fire to start and spreadrapidly. Bushfires are extremelydevastating and can cause majordamage to property, buildings,infrastructure, land, and injure or killmany humans and animals.

What effects do they have?The effects of bushfire are usually very drastic. Smoke, ash, and soot are very harmful to the human body’s respiratory system and the loss of property can amount to thousands if not millions of dollars worth of money from a single bushfire.

The Australian Bushfires of 2019From August of 2019 to January 2020, Australia came under the threat of an enormous wave of uncontrollable bushfires. The fires burned away an estimated amount of 18.6 million hectares of land, destroying over 5900 buildings and killing around 34 people. Almost a billion animals lost their lives to this horrific tragedy with some speculation that many endangered animal species have gone extinct. The total cost of the damage done by the bushfires amounted to over 4.4 bil

What will enter your mouth in 2020?

Sandra Hoang, Megan Li & Alison Li

When you hear the word ‘ burger’ does your mouth salivate to the thought of bites of meaty goodness and drops of heavenly sauce, or do you think of innocent animals stripped of their lives only to be skinned, ground and packed together for your enjoyment? During the last year, the topic of plant-based alternatives has

spread across the world and is being implemented in many peoples’ diets. Globally, we are also becoming aware of the detrimental

eff ects of eating meat on tthe environment.

Meat is a component that is evident in many people’s diets across the world due to it being

a major source of protein as well and enjoyable to eat for many. It has been in human diets from

the beginning of time but is it time to alter our methods to save our environment?

According to PETA, the largest animal rights organisation in the world, animal agriculture

generates more greenhouse gases than all the transportation systems across the world com-bined. In addition to air pollution, agriculture

practice also utilises an abundance of water. To put it in perspective, if a singular person went

vegan, they would save approximately 219,000 gallons of water.

Meat alternatives have been introduced to our supermarket shelves and restaurant menus. One popular brand which has reached the headlines is Beyond Meat. Beyond Meat

produces meat alternatives for all sorts of meat products such as burger patties and sausages. We recently taste-tested plant-based burgers

at a local vegan burger restaurant, Soul Burger located in Newtown. We walked in skeptically that the same joy from regular burgers would be produced here, but we left satisfi ed and

feeling good knowing we took one small step at helping the future of our world.

Are you constantly checking the fat and pro-tein information on the back of a product? Only adding products with low calories and sugar to

your cart? Or do you simply seek another option apart from the usual?

What if there was a product that holds all those qualities, as well as being rich in probiotics that

will do wonders for your gut; a product that contains only around 1% of sugar intake per

serving, delectable in taste with a slightly bitter aftertaste.

We live in a world where new discoveries are regularly being made, with a dizzying amount of information informing us of habits and ways to

achieve a better, healthier lifestyle.

Whatever goal you want to achieve, whether to lose weight, reduce deaths of animals, or simply wanting to develop a healthier habit, kombucha

is defi nitely a drink you’d want to try.

Kombucha is a drink, prominent for its benefi cial properties for the digestive system and the gut.

The probiotics contained in the drinks are exactly the substances that will detoxify the gut and help support a healthy digestive system.

Kombucha is a fermented drink, much like yoghurt, kimchi and cheese, products that have

undergone a metabolic process causing changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes, making them rich with

probiotics.Photograph by Sandra Hoang

The duration of the fermentation can vary from a week to a month, resulting in a fi zzy drink that

can vary from a sweet taste to a slightly sour taste depending on the time span of which the

drink was left to ferment.

“Ooh, I love keeping up with the new trends and who would say no to a delicious healthy

beverage.”- Aboli M

“I hated it, the fl avour was weird and it tasted like sparkling water. I drank the strawberry one and there was barely any strawberry fl avour.

The fi zzy taste left me disgusted.”- Zimo L

“It was alright, not my fi rst choice of drink, but a good alternative for when you are on a diet or

want to taste something new.”- Catherine V

From the opinions gathered, although kombu-cha is a healthy drink, the confl icting taste is

defi nitely not for everyone. Depending on your taste buds, this drink can vary from being dulcet

to slightly acidic.

Over the past decade, a certain single food trend has garnered all the rage, milk

alternatives. From the most common substitute, soy milk, to even ludicrous options like pulsed hemp-plant milk, there certainly are variations

as far as the mind could possibly ponder.

With the introduction of veganism and other plant-based lifestyles throughout the years,

demand for dairy-free milk has been higher than ever, thus increasing the market value of

non-milk milk, and plummeting the consumption of cow milk.

Nowadays, you don’t need to venture far into the depths of a grocery store in order to source

some unfamiliar milk-like substance. Soy and oat milk are now one of the

most commonly sold calcium fi xes and widely opted for milk choices in the

caff eine- and decaf consumer niche.

Regardless, kombucha is a drink that

should be tried by everyone at

least once.

Photograph by Alison Li

Photograph by Megan Li

Though of course, would there not be a reason in the rising popularity of such imitation

products? Joseph Poore, a researcher at the University of Oxford, published a study in 2018 which looked at the environmental footprint of

various drink products in the consumer market, one of which was milk, and plant-based milks. He found that all plant milks fared better than

cow’s milk. Almond, soy, oat, and rice milk combined, produced around a third or less of the carbon emissions that dairy milk alone releases. Whilst those who went for plant based milks in the past may have done so for animal rights or medical conditions, more and more consumers are turning over to the milk of today to align with the gradual climate crisis. According to a press release by Innova Market Insights, the global

market for plant-based milk is expected to reach $16.3 billion in 2020. So really, what bad could

come out of a small when it’s a huge benefi t for our planet?

Here are 5 of our favourite dairy-free alternatives.

Almond milkPossibly one of the most popular and opted for milk alternatives in the market. Almond milk is incredibly versatile and can be enjoyed with

various foods like cereal, cookies or even by glassful.

Soy milk Rich in protein, soy milk is a great option for

that extra touch of creaminess in your coff ee or lattes, but can be used in almost every recipe that requires milk. It typically has a mild and

creamy fl avour, however, the taste varies depending on the brand.

Coconut milkUndeniably one of the most perfect milks to use

in dessert as this milk is loaded with healthy fats and creamy properties, coconut milk has a fl avour that stands out and adds a nice touch to any dish. It yields a nutty fl avor that makes coconut milk suitable for many types of baked

dishes.Note: Canned coconut milk is much thicker but

is great for making vegan whipped cream.

Hemp milk Hemp milk is made from hulled hemp seeds, water and in some brands, sweetener. It is a

great milk alternative in any savoury dishes or smoothies that require milk. Hemp milk is very

high in omega-3, which has been shown to promote heart health, and provides much more

iron than cow’s milk.

Oat milk In all simplicity, oat milk is a mixture of oats and

water. Sometimes referred to as the ‘golden child’ of alternative milks, oat milk is one to try as it’s great in any of your caff eine- or decaf fi xes. This milk is so popular that for a time,

baristas could barely keep it stocked.

Photograph by Megan Li