Editorial Oxidative Stress in Disease and Aging ...downloads.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2016/8786564.pdf · Editorial Oxidative Stress in Disease and Aging: Mechanisms and Therapies

EditorialOxidative Stress in Disease and Aging:Mechanisms and Therapies

Claudio Cabello-Verrugio,1,2 Marta Ruiz-Ortega,3 Matias Mosqueira,4 and Felipe Simon2,5

1Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences andFaculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile2Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile3Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Dıaz, School of Medicine,Universidad Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain4Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324,R414, Heidelberg, Germany5Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine,Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile

Correspondence should be addressed to Claudio Cabello-Verrugio; [email protected]

Received 9 September 2015; Accepted 9 September 2015

Copyright © 2016 Claudio Cabello-Verrugio et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative CommonsAttribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work isproperly cited.

There is an increase in the population affected by chronicdisease and aging during the last decades in which theoxidative stress is common factor in its development. Cellularoxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between theformation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidantdefense mechanisms. Due to the broad and profound biolog-ical effects of ROS, in the last years numerous experimentaland clinical studies have focused their attention on theparticipation of oxidative stress as a key regulator in chronicpathological status and aging.

This special issue of OSDA is devoted to the new andrelevant findings about the mechanisms by which the alteredbalance between ROS and cellular antioxidant machineryinduce oxidative damage during chronic disease or aging.Among othermanuscripts in this special issue that are equallyrecommended by the editors, it is interesting to comment onthe following manuscripts.

M. A. Gomez-Marcos et al. tested the hypothesis whethersuperoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels are correlatedwith vascular structure and function in hypertensive andtype 2 diabetic patients. They showed negative correlationsbetween SOD and pressure wave velocity, peripheral andcentral augmentation index, ambulatory arterial stiffness

index, pulse pressure, and plasma HDL-cholesterol andpositive correlations between SOD and plasma uric andtriglycerides, suggesting that SOD serum levels turn in amarker for cardiovascular alterations in hypertensive anddiabetic patients.

Y. Ting Lam discusses the roles of ROS in regulatingstem and progenitor cell function, highlighting the impactof unbalanced ROS levels on endothelial progenitor cellsdysfunction and the association with age-related impairmentin ischemia-induced neovascularization. Furthermore, it dis-cusses strategies that modulate the oxidative levels of stemand progenitor cells to enhance the therapeutic potential forelderly patients with cardiovascular disease.

O. Kost et al. examine a nanoscale therapeutic modalityfor the eye on the base of antioxidant enzyme SOD1, termed“nanozyme.” They show that the nanozyme was much moreeffective compared to the free enzyme in decreasing uveitismanifestations, considering SOD1-containing nanozyme ina potentially useful therapeutic agent for the treatment ofocular inflammatory disorders.

H. Liu et al. tested the antioxidant and anti-inflammatoryeffects of polydatin, an active compound isolated fromPolygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. roots on renal ischemia

Hindawi Publishing CorporationOxidative Medicine and Cellular LongevityVolume 2016, Article ID 8786564, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8786564

2 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

reperfusion model. The authors reported that polydatinsignificantly improved renal function after dose depen-dent increased expression of Akt phosphorylation andstrong suppression of tumor necrosis factor-𝛼, interleukin-1𝛽, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthaseand NO levels, and prostaglandin E-2. These results togetheropen a strategy for the prevention and treatment of acuterenal ischemia and reperfusion.

Y. Yang and S. Li investigated the protective roles of dan-delion extracts used in the traditional Chinese and traditionalmedicine in the treatment of skin diseases. They found thatdandelion extracts, especially leaf and flower extracts, arepotent protective agents against UVB damage and H

2O2-

induced cellular senescence in HDFs by suppressing ROSgeneration and metalloproteinase activities and improvingUVB absorption.

These manuscripts mentioned together with others con-tained in this special edition show that diverse antioxidantstrategies have significant improvement on the pathologicalstatus reported. We hope that the readers of this special issueappreciate the progress and the new strategies developed inthe field oxidative stress associated with disease and aging.

Acknowledgments

The editors thank all the authors who submitted theirresearch to this special issue.They also thank all the reviewersfor their contribution to this special issue.The lead guest edi-tor thanks all the guest editors for the critical and exhaustiveprocess of review which was critical in handling the paper.

Claudio Cabello-VerrugioMarta Ruiz-OrtegaMatias Mosqueira

Felipe Simon

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