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EditorialInjury Analysis and Prevention in Vehicle Safety
Jun Xu ,1 Jikuang Yang ,2 Jingwen Hu ,3 Matthew Panzer,4 and Yong Peng 5
1Beihang University, Beijing, China2Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden3University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA4University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA5Central South University, Changsha, China
Correspondence should be addressed to Jun Xu; [email protected]
Received 19 September 2018; Accepted 19 September 2018; Published 4 October 2018
Copyright © 2018 Jun Xu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, whichpermits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Injury and injury prevention of the drivers, passengers, andvulnerable road users are one of the most important issuesin vehicle accidents and cannot be overlooked. The chal-lenges of this issue focus on the following aspects: (a) theaccident conditions causing injuries and mechanisms ofthese injuries; (b) the effect of characteristics of an injuredperson, e.g., age, gender, and types of vulnerable road users,and the development of computational models for theinjured-included accidents; and (c) the methods and designsfor injury prevention. In this special issue on injury analysisand prevention in vehicle safety, we have invited a few papersthat address such issues.
The first paper (S. Guan et al.) develops experiments tostudy the thoracoabdominal injuries suffered from caudoce-phalad impacts using pigs. 21 adult minipigs divided intothree groups are tested in different impact velocities, andthe mechanical responses are then analyzed. The secondpaper (Y. Yan et al.) investigates the effect of neck muscleactive force on whiplash injury of the cervical spine to indi-cate that the neck active force influenced the head-neckdynamic response and whiplash injury during a collision,especially in a low-speed collision. The third paper (F. Liet al.) studies the effect of the neck muscle activation on headand neck injuries to find out that the activation of neck mus-cles can lower not only the head horizontal accelerationunder different impact intensities but also the head angularacceleration in medium- and high-speed impacts. The forthpaper (J. Zheng et al.) uses a numerical method to study therisk factors affecting lumbar spine injuries. The effects of
coefficient of friction, impact velocity, cushion thicknessand stiffness, and cushion angle on the risk of lumbar spineinjuries are analyzed.
The fifth paper (Y. Peng et al.) investigates thedynamic response and head injuries of standing subwaypassengers during collisions based on the MADYMOmodels to provide guidance for the safety design of thesubway and some advices for standing subway passengers.The sixth paper (T. Zou et al.) analyzes the injury of theriders upon car-electric bicycle accident. After accidentreconstruction, data acquisition, data verification, andscreening of 57 car-electric bicycle accidents wherein ridersare hit to the engine hood and thrown to the air, the dataobtained from the remaining 53 cases were analyzed. Theseventh paper (S. Shang et al.) focuses on the head and braininjuries of one new vulnerable road user which is a riderusing electric self-balancing scooters. The eighth paper (J.Huang et al.) develops the age-specific lower extremityfinite element model for simulating pedestrian accidents.The development of the age-specific lower extremitymodels will lead to an improved understanding of thepedestrian lower extremity injury mechanisms and injuryrisk prediction for the whole population in vehicle-pedestrian collision accidents.
The ninth paper (H. Li et al.) analyzes the effects ofcurtain airbag (CAB) on occupant kinematics and injuryindexes in a rollover crash. The simulation results indicatedthat the occupant kinematics and most injury indexes wereimproved with the help of CAB in such rollover scenario.
HindawiApplied Bionics and BiomechanicsVolume 2018, Article ID 9532598, 2 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9532598
The tenth paper (G. Zhang et al.) investigates the relation-ships between the front-end styling features of SUVs andhead injuries at the styling design stage for pedestrianprotection performance improvement and product devel-opment efficiency. The eleventh paper (F. Mo et al.) designsa conceptual bumper energy absorber coupling pedestriansafety and low-speed impact requirements. The new X-shape energy absorber can meet both pedestrian safetyand low-speed impact requirements well by altering themain deformation modes according to different impactenergy levels.
Conflicts of Interest
The guest editors declare that there is no conflict of interestregarding the publication of this article.
Jun XuJikuang YangJingwen Hu
Matthew PanzerYong Peng
2 Applied Bionics and Biomechanics
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