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EditorialFluid Dynamics and Computational Engineering

Benchawan Wiwatanapataphee,1 Yonghong Wu,2 I. Ming Tang,3 and Shaoyong Lai4

1 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology,Perth, WA 6845, Australia

3 Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand4Department of Applied Mathematics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610074, China

Correspondence should be addressed to BenchawanWiwatanapataphee; [email protected]

Received 19 October 2014; Accepted 19 October 2014; Published 25 November 2014

Copyright © 2014 Benchawan Wiwatanapataphee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative CommonsAttribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work isproperly cited.

Fluid dynamics is one of the most challenging and excitingresearch fields today because of the complexity of the subjectand the wide range of applications. It concerns the motionof liquids and gases and their interaction with solid bodies.Deep understanding of the full complexity of fluid dynamicsis essential for the study and control of many real worldproblems. The subject of fluid dynamics has been studiedintensively worldwide both theoretically and experimentallyand has been playing a vital role in the development ofnew sciences and technologies and optimization of industrialprocesses and engineering design.

Over the last few decades, intensive research has beencarried out worldwide to develop mathematical models andmethods for the study of fluid dynamics and their applica-tions to engineering problems. The papers selected for thisspecial issue represent a typical set of contributions in thisfield of research. Of course, the selected topics and papers arenot an exhaustive representation of the recent developmentin the field. Nevertheless, they provide recent trends andadvances of mathematical models and methods for the studyof fluid dynamics with different application to engineeringandwehave the pleasure of sharing these research resultswiththe readers.

This special issue contains twenty-seven papers, coveringtwo main areas: mathematical and numerical analysis andcomputational model and numerical simulation of engineer-ing problems.

The first set of papers, including four papers, focus onthe study of mathematical analysis and numerical scheme forboundary value problems.

(i) In the paper titled “The Cauchy problem for a weaklydissipative 2-component Camassa-Holm system,” based onthe weakly dissipative 2-component Camassa-Holm system,a local well-posedness for the system in Besov spaces isestablished by using the Littlewood-Paley theory and a prioriestimates for the solutions of transport equation.

(ii) In the paper titled “On compact and noncompactstructures for the improved Boussinesq water equations,” theauthors establish analytical expressions of the travelling wavesolutions for the nonlinear variants of the generalized Boussi-nesq water equations with positive and negative exponents.

(iii) In the paper titled “On blow-up structures for ageneralized periodic nonlinearly dispersive wave equation,” thelocal well-posedness for a generalized periodic nonlinearlydispersive wave equation is derived under suitable assump-tions on initial value, a precise blow-up scenario, and severalsufficient conditions.

(iv) In the paper titled “A third order accurate cellwiserelaxation implicit discontinuous Galerkin scheme for unstruc-tured hybrid meshes,” by using unstructured hybrid meshes,the authors demonstrate a third order accurate cellwiserelaxation implicit discontinuous Galerkin (DG) scheme forRANS simulations.

The second set of papers, including twenty-three papers,focus on the development of mathematical models andnumerical simulations of various engineering problems.

(i) In the paper titled “Development of a cell-centeredGodunov-type finite volume model for shallow water flowbased on unstructured mesh,” based on the Godunov-type cell-centered finite volume method and the central

Hindawi Publishing CorporationMathematical Problems in EngineeringVolume 2014, Article ID 649058, 3 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/649058

2 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

upwind scheme, the authors propose a two-dimensional well-balanced shallow water model for simulating flows withwetting and drying in a real-life dam-break casewith complextopography.

(ii) In the paper titled “Further application of surfacecapturing method and Cartesian cut cell mesh on hydroelasticwater-entry problems of free-falling elastic wedge,” the authorsinvestigate the interactions between fluid and elastic structuresuch as marine lifeboat falling down and ship using a newCFD method on hydroelastic water-entry problem of free-falling elastic wedge.

(iii) In the paper titled “A computational model to assesspoststenting wall stresses dependence on plaque structure andstenosis severity in coronary artery,” the authors propose afinite element model to study the poststenting hemodynamicstresses and internal stresses over/within the diseasedwalls ofcoronary arteries in different states of atherosclerotic plaque.

(iv) In the paper titled “Numerical study on transient heattransfer of a quartz lamp heating system,” a finite volumemethod (FVM) on hybrid grids for radiation and transientconjugate heat transfer is developed and implemented usingthe fluid flow solver GTEA. The accuracy of the proposedmethod was tested by the use of a complex geometry furnacewith cooling pipes.

(v) In the paper titled “Direct numerical simulation of flowaround a circular cylinder controlled using plasma actuators,”the authors have performed direct numerical simulation of aflow around a circular cylinder at the Reynolds number of theflow control using plasma actuators under two-dimensionaland three-dimensional forcing with different amplitudes.

(vi) In the paper titled “Interaction of water waves anda submerged parabolic obstacle in the presence of a followinguniform/shear current using RANS model,” based on theReynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and thefree surface deformation, the authors investigate the regularwaves propagating over a submerged parabolic obstacle in thepresence of a uniform/shear current.

(vii) In the paper titled “Numerical simulation of flowbehavior within a venturi scrubber,” the three-dimensionalnumerical simulation of single-phase and two-phase flow(air-water) in a venturi scrubber is presented.Thedimensionsand model parameters correspond to the industrial applica-tions. The effect of gas velocity for various air-mass flow ratevalues and five geometries on the pressure drop is analyzed.

(viii) In the paper titled “Numerical investigation ofwave slamming of flat bottom body during water entry pro-cess,” based on the two-phase Reynolds-averaged Navier-type equations, a numerical wave load model is proposed toevaluate hydrodynamic forces exerted on a flat bottom bodywith a typical deploying condition.

(ix) In the paper titled “Lattice Boltzmann simulationof permeability and tortuosity for flow through dense porousmedia,” based on discrete element method and the LatticeBoltzmann method, the author simulates the fluid flow ina dense porous nonuniform and nonspherical particles andanalyzes the relationships among permeability, tortuosity andporosity, and sphere radius.

(x) In the paper titled “Bifurcated SENwith fluid flow con-ditioners,” the performance of a novel design for a bifurcated

submerged entry nozzle used for the continuous steel castingis analyzed through CFD numerical simulations of a scaledcold water model.

(xi) In the paper titled “Influences of vorticity to verticalmotion of two-dimensional moonpool under forced heavemotion,” the authors simulate the inviscid-irrotational andviscous flows around a 2D floating rectangular body with amoonpool and the effects of the viscosity and vortex sheddingare investigated by changing the gap size, corner shape, andviscosity.

(xii) In the paper titled “Computational analysis ofpropulsion performance of modified pitching motion airfoils inlaminar flow,” based on 2D laminar flow with high Reynoldsnumbers, the effects of shift distance of the pitch axis,frequency, pitching amplitude, pitching profile, and airfoilshape on the thrust generation performance of airfoils arestudied.

(xiii) In the paper titled “Flow and noise characteristicsof centrifugal fan under different stall conditions,” the authorsfocus on assumption of the flow field for the aerodynamicnoise under different conditions. An example of their studyis a rotating stall phenomenon in a centrifugalfan.

(xiv) In the paper titled “Kinetic study of nonequilib-rium plasma-assisted methane steam reforming,” the effect ofmethane conversion and products yield is investigated usingthe developed reactionmechanism in plasma-assisted kineticmodel and the reaction path flux analysis.

(xv) In the paper titled “Numerical and experimentalstudy of the flow field structure evolution in the circular recessof oil cavity,” the authors focus on the laminar radial flowin the oil cavity of heavy-duty computer numerical controlmachines.The influences of the clearance height, inlet nozzleReynolds number, and geometrical aspect ratio on flowbehaviors are investigated.

(xvi) In the paper titled “Numerical investigation of waterdroplets shape influence on mathematical modeling results ofits evaporation in motion through a high-temperature gas,”numerical and experimental investigations of the influenceof a single water droplet shape on its evaporation in motionthrough high-temperature gases have been executed based onthe evaporation time, the motion velocity, and the distancepassed by various droplet shapes in a high-temperature gasesmedium.

(xvii) In the paper titled “Fluid-thermal-structural cou-pled analysis of a radial inflow micro gas turbine using compu-tational fluid dynamics and computational solid mechanics,”the authors establish a three-dimensional fluid-thermal-structural coupled analysis for a radial inflow micro gasturbine and investigate the stress distribution of the turbinebased on the heat-flow coupling analysis.

(xviii) In the paper titled “Modelling of the tangentialstrain rate term in the flame surface density transport equationin the context of Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes simulations:a direct numerical simulation analysis,” based on the gen-eralised flame surface density (FSD) transport equation inthe context of Rey, the authors propose the best way to themodelling of the unresolved dilatation rate and flame normalstrain rate contributions.

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 3

(xix) In the paper titled “DEM study of wet cohesiveparticles in the presence of liquid bridges in a gas fluidizedbed,” the authors focus on the hydrodynamics of the wetcohesive particles in a gas-fluidized bed. A modified DEM-CFD numerical method is developed by compositing anadditional liquid-bridge module into the traditional soft-sphere interaction model.

(xx) In the paper titled “Strength analysis of the carbonfiber reinforced polymer impeller based on fluid solid couplingmethod,” based on the one-way fluid-solid coupling method,the stress distribution of the impeller couple caused by theflowwater pressure and rotation centrifugal force of the bladeis analyzed.

(xxi) In the paper titled “Anonlinear k-𝜀 turbulencemodelapplicable to high pressure gradient and large curvature flow,”the authors present an improved nonlinear turbulence modelto include sensitivity to high pressure gradient flow and largecurvature flow.

(xxii) In the paper titled “Computational fluid dynam-ics modeling three-dimensional unsteady turbulent flow andexcitation force in partial admission air turbine,” based onthe three-dimensional viscous compressible Navier-Stokesequations, the authors employ the renormalization group k-𝜀 turbulence model with finite volume discretization on airturbinewith partial admission and analyze various admissionrates with full annulus.

(xxiii) In the paper titled “Numerical investigation of aliquid-gas ejector used for shipping ballast water treatment,”the authors conduct numerical and experimental researchesto obtain the most efficient ballast-water-treatment systemunder a simple change of nozzle shape.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the authors and reviewers of thepapers for the excellent contributions.

Benchawan WiwatanapatapheeYonghong WuI. Ming TangShaoyong Lai

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