Editing

This is the second of the 4 technical areas we are covering. You will need to learn all the editing techniques, cuts and other

transitions.

You will have to identify them in a clipConsider why they have been used

& write about how they construct representations.

Lesson 2/4

Cutting

• Today we move on to cutting (the activity of selecting what is seen and in what order).

• More specifically, the techniques used by directors that occur commonly in TV dramas.

Editing

Cutting Technique My guess for a definition Actual definition (if needed) Example / clip studiedShot / reverse shot

Eyeline Match

Graphic Match

Action Match

Jump Cut

Crosscutting

Parallel editing

Cutaway

Insert

Working as a pair, complete all of the first column in the table: your own guesses for definitions.

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Shot / reverse shot

• When one character is shown looking (often off-screen) at another character, and then the other character is shown looking "back" at the first character.

• Here’s an example, towards the end of the clip, when the rotund gentleman gets flirty with his visitor:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvof8mI6pXk&feature=related

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Eyeline Match

• Very simply, a character looks off-screen and then the viewers are shown what they were looking at. It plays on the assumption that we are naturally interested in what they are looking at.

• Here’s an example made by some embarrassed media students at a college:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1qIYWt1OOE

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Graphic Match

• This is when a second shot matches the first in some important compositional manner – such as colour, shape, etc.

• The most famous example is from 2001: A Space Odyssey:• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mI3s5fA7Zhk&feature=related

• But there are other, less clever uses:• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7bvT1w77Yg

• Laurence!• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ypul7nPcMII• #

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Action Match

• A cut made so that an action or movement is covered from two different angles, but the action is made to look continuous.

• Here’s an action match of a woman angry at losing a game of Scrabble to a clown:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHh12_JHjTg

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Jump Cut

• The most discontinuous of non-continuous editing systems. The middle of a piece of action is missed out, and the footage ‘jumps’.

• Here is a short bit from Erin Brockovich with jump cuts in:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5EuBZHEmRE4

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Crosscutting & Parallel Editing

• Where two sequences (usually in different locations) are intercut. They may be at the same time. Cross-cutting is the technique, parallel editing the style achieved.

• Here’s an interrogation taking place at the same time as a car chase:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OD0h7WcgJ5w&feature=related

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Cutaway

• A cutaway is a secondary shot where a piece of footage of someone responding to something is inserted into the first piece of footage. Often you can think of it as a reaction shot.

• Here’s a cheesy interview video to demonstrate it:• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=mznhIILVu-k&feature=related

Editing

Editing: Cutting

• Shot / reverse shot • Eyeline Match• Graphic Match• Action Match• Jump Cut• Crosscutting & Parallel editing• Cutaway • Insert

Editing

Editing: Cutting

Insert

• An insert where a shot of some detail is inserted into the main action to emphasise its importance. The item or whatever is part of the main shot, unlike with a cutaway.

Editing

• Which editing techniques can you identify in the following clips?

• Write them down and we’ll discuss them together.

• Waterloo Road (Maxine)• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1Gumxj21Fw&feature=player_embedded