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CIVIL PROCEDURE

PART THREE

SPECIAL CIVIL ACTIONS

I. THE DIFFERENT SPECIAL CIVIL ACTIONS

A. Interpleader(Rule 62)

SECTION 1. !en "nterpleader pr#per. $ !ene%er n'l"&t"n &la"* up#n t!e*ae *u+,e&t atter are #r a- +e ade aa"n*t a per*#n !# &la"* n# "ntere*t!ate%er "n t!e *u+,e&t atter/ #r an "ntere*t !"&! "n !#le #r "n part "* n#td"*puted +- t!e &la"ant*/ !e a- +r"n an a&t"#n aa"n*t t!e n'l"&t"n &la"ant*t# pel t!e t# "nterplead and l"t"ate t!e"r *e%eral &la"* a#n t!e*el%e*.

SECTION 2. Order. $ 0p#n t!e '"l"n #' t!e pla"nt/ t!e urt *!all "**ue an#rder reu"r"n t!e n'l"&t"n &la"ant* t# "nterplead "t! #ne an#t!er. I' t!e"ntere*t* #' ,u*t"&e *# reu"re/ t!e urt a- d"re&t "n *u&! #rder t!at t!e *u+,e&tatter +e pa"d #r del"%ered t# t!e urt.

SECTION . Su#n*. $ Su#n* *!all +e *er%ed up#n t!e n'l"&t"n&la"ant*/ t#et!er "t! a p- #' t!e pla"nt and #rder.

SECTION 3. 4#t"#n t# d"*"**. $ "t!"n t!e t"e '#r '"l"n an an*er/ ea&!&la"ant a- '"le a #t"#n t# d"*"** #n t!e r#und #' "pr#pr"et- #' t!e"nterpleader a&t"#n #r #n #t!er appr#pr"ate r#und* *pe&"'"ed "n Rule 16. T!e per"#dt# '"le t!e an*er *!all +e t#lled and "' t!e #t"#n "* den"ed/ t!e #%ant a- '"le !"*an*er "t!"n t!e rea"n"n per"#d/ +ut !"&! *!all n#t +e le** t!an '"%e (5) da-* "nan- e%ent/ rened 'r# n#t"&e #' den"al.

SECTION 5. An*er and #t!er plead"n*. $Ea&! &la"ant *!all '"le !"* an*er

*ett"n '#rt! !"* &la" "t!"n '"'teen (15) da-* 'r# *er%"&e #' t!e *u#n* up#n!"/ *er%"n p- t!ere#' up#n ea&! #' t!e #t!er n'l"&t"n &la"ant* !# a- '"let!e"r repl- t!eret# a* pr#%"ded +- t!e*e Rule*. I' an- &la"ant 'a"l* t# plead "t!"nt!e t"e !ere"n '"7ed/ t!e urt a-/ #n #t"#n/ de&lare !" "n de'ault and

t!erea'ter render ,udent +arr"n !" 'r# an- &la" "n re*pe&t t# t!e *u+,e&tatter.

T!e part"e* "n an "nterpleader a&t"#n a- '"le unter&la"*/ &r#**8&la"*/ t!"rd8part-pla"nt* and re*p#n*"%e plead"n* t!eret#/ a* pr#%"ded +- t!e*e Rule*.

SECTION 6. Deter"nat"#n. $ A'ter t!e plead"n* #' t!e n'l"&t"n &la"ant*!a%e +een '"led/ and pre8tr"al !a* +een ndu&ted "n a&rdan&e "t! t!e Rule*/ t!eurt *!all pr#&eed t# deter"ne t!e"r re*pe&t"%e r"!t* and ad,ud"&ate t!e"r *e%eral&la"*.

SECTION 9. D#&et and #t!er la'ul 'ee*/ *t* and l"t"at"#n e7pen*e* a* l"en*.$ T!e d#&et and #t!er la'ul 'ee* pa"d +- t!e part- !# '"led a pla"nt under

t!"* Rule/ a* ell a* t!e *t* and l"t"at"#n e7pen*e*/ *!all n*t"tute a l"en #r&!are up#n t!e *u+,e&t atter #' t!e a&t"#n/ unle** t!e urt *!all #rder #t!er"*e.

1. Reu"*"te*a. T!e pla"nt"'' &la"* n# "ntere*t "n t!e *u+,e&t atter #r !"* &la" "*

n#t d"*puted:

b. T!ere u*t at lea*t +e t# (2) #r #re n'l"&t"n &la"ant*:

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c. T!e part"e* t# +e "nterpleaded u*t ae e''e&t"%e &la"*: and

d. T!e *u+,e&t atter u*t +e #ne and t!e *ae.

De&"*"#nal Rule*

Paal"naan %. R#da*/ (1;3


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SECTION . N#t"&e #n S#l"&"t#r Beneral. $ In an- a&t"#n !"&! "n%#l%e* t!e

%al"d"t- #' a *tatute/ e7e&ut"%e #rder #r reulat"#n/ #r an- #t!er #%ernentalreulat"#n/ t!e S#l"&"t#r Beneral *!all +e n#t"'"ed +- t!e part- a**a"l"n t!e *ae and*!all +e ent"tled t# +e !eard up#n *u&! ue*t"#n.

SECTION 3. L#&al #%ernent #rd"nan&e*. $ In an- a&t"#n "n%#l%"n t!e %al"d"t-

#' a l#&al #rd"nan&e/ t!e rre*p#nd"n pr#*e&ut#r #r att#rne- #' t!e l#&al#%ernental un"t "n%#l%ed *!all +e *""larl- n#t"'"ed and ent"tled t# +e !eard. I'*u&! #rd"nan&e "* alleed t# +e unn*t"tut"#nal/ t!e S#l"&"t#r Beneral *!all +en#t"'"ed and ent"tled t# +e !eard.

SECTION 5. C#urt a&t"#n d"*&ret"#nar-. $ E7&ept "n a&t"#n* 'all"n under t!e*end pararap! #' *e&t"#n 1 #' t!"* Rule/ t!e urt/ #tu pr#pr"# #r up#n #t"#n/a- re'u*e t# e7er&"*e t!e p#er t# de&lare r"!t* and t# n*true "n*truent* "nan- &a*e !ere a de&"*"#n #uld n#t ter"nate t!e un&erta"nt- #r ntr#%er*- !"&!a%e r"*e t# t!e a&t"#n/ #r "n an- &a*e !ere t!e de&larat"#n #r n*tru&t"#n "* n#tne&e**ar- and pr#per under t!e &"r&u*tan&e*.

SECTION 6. C#n%er*"#n "nt# #rd"nar- a&t"#n. $ I' +e'#re t!e '"nal ter"nat"#n #'t!e &a*e/ a +rea&! #r %"#lat"#n #' an "n*truent/ #r a *tatute/ e7e&ut"%e #rder #rreulat"#n/ #rd"nan&e/ #r an- #t!er #%ernental reulat"#n *!#uld tae pla&e/ t!ea&t"#n a- t!ereup#n +e n%erted "nt# an #rd"nar- a&t"#n/ and part"e* all#ed t#'"le *u&! plead"n* a* a- +e ne&e**ar- #r pr#per.

1. Reu"*"te*a. T!ere u*t +e a ,u*t"&"a+le ntr#%er*-:(Obiles v. Republic [1953])+. T!e ntr#%er*- u*t +e +eteen per*#n* !#*e "ntere*t "* ad%er*e:&. T!e part"e* u*t !a%e leal "ntere*t "n t!e ntr#%er*-:

d. T!e ntr#%er*- u*t +e r"pe '#r ,ud"&"al deter"nat"#n: (Board ofOptometry v. Colet 199!)and

e. T!e pet"t"#n u*t +e '"led +e'#re t!ere "* a +rea&! #r %"#lat"#n. (Rule*#' C#urt/ Rule 6/ Se&. 1)

2. Pr#&edural pe&ul"ar"t"e*a. T!e pet"t"#n u*t +e '"led +e'#re t!ere "* a +rea&! #' ntra&t #r %"#lat"#n #' t!e *tatute #r

#rd"nan&e. ("+"d)+. T!"rd8part- pla"nant "* n#t all#ed.(Commissio"er of Customs v. Cloribel 19##)&. E7&ept "n a&t"#n* '#r u"et"n #' t"tle/ t!e urt a&t"#n #n an a&t"#n '#r de&larat#r- rel"e' "*

d"*&ret"#nar-. T!u*/ t!e urt motu proprio #r up#n #t"#n a- re'u*e t# e7er&"*e t!ep#er t# de&lare r"!t* and t# n*true "n*truent* "n an- &a*e !ere a de&"*"#n #uldn#t ter"nate t!e un&erta"nt- #r ntr#%er*- !"&! a%e r"*e t# t!e a&t"#n #r "n an- &a*e!ere t!e de&larat"#n #r n*tru&t"#n "* n#t ne&e**ar- under t!e &"r&u*tan&e*. (Rule* #'C#urt/ Rule 6/ Se&. 5).

d. !en a *tatute/ e7e&ut"%e #rder #r an- #%ernent reulat"#n #r #rd"nan&e "* alleed t# +eunn*t"tut"#nal/ t!e S#l"&"t#r8Beneral *!#uld +e n#t"'"ed +- t!e part- a**a"l"n t!e *ae.(I+"d./Se&. )

e. I' t!e %al"d"t- #' a l#&al #%ernent #rd"nan&e "* "n ue*t"#n/ t!e pr#*e&ut#r #r att#rne- #'

t!e l#&al #%ernent *!#uld +e n#t"'"ed. (I+"d./Se&. 3)

S"n*#n %. Repu+l"&/ (1;6


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De&larat#r- rel"e' "* "pr#per t# *ee rel"e' #n ##t ue*t"#n* #r t# re*#l%e !-p#t!et"&al/ a+*tra&t#r t!e#ret"&al ue*t"#n*/ #r t# de&"de &la"* !"&! are un&erta"n.

Dela Llana %. CO4ELEC/ (1;99)De&larat#r- rel"e' "* n#t t!e pr#per #de t# re*#l%e p#l"t"&al "**ue* #r ue*t"#n*.

Tanda %. Alda-a/ (1;56)De&larat#r- rel"e' &ann#t +e u*ed t# te*t t!e rre&tne** #r %al"d"t- #' a urt de&"*"#n:

Edade* %. Edade*/ (1;56)T# deter"ne !ered"tar- r"!t*/ t!ere &an +e n# re*#rt t# de&larat#r- rel"e'.

Ollada %. Central >an/ (1;62)!en ad"n"*trat"%e reed"e* !a%e n#t -et +een e7!au*ted/ de&larat#r- rel"e' d#e* n#t l"e.

PDIC %. CA (2)

"t!#ut d#u+t/ a pet"t"#n '#r de&larat#r- rel"e' d#e* n#t e**ent"all- enta"l an e7e&ut#r- pr#&e**.T!ere "* n#t!"n "n "t* nature/ !#e%er/ t!at pr#!"+"t* a unter&la" 'r# +e"n *et8up "n t!e *aea&t"#n. N#/ t!ere "* n#t!"n "n t!ee nature #' a *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n '#r de&larat#r- rel"e' t!atpr#*&r"+e* t!e '"l"n #' a unter&la" +a*ed #n t!e *ae tran*a&t"#n/ deed #r ntra&t *u+,e&t #' t!epla"nt. A *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n "* a'ter all n#t e**ent"all- d"''erent 'r# an #rd"nar- &"%"l a&t"#n/!"&! "* enerall- #%erned +- Rule* 1 t# 56 #' t!e Rule* #' C#urt/ e7&ept t!at t!e '#rer deal* "t!a *pe&"al *u+,e&t atter !"&! ae* ne&e**ar- *#e *pe&"al reulat"#n. >ut t!e "dent"t- +eteent!e"r 'undaental nature "* *u&! t!at t!e *ae rule* #%ern"n #rd"nar- &"%"l *u"t* a- and d#appl- t# *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n* "' n#t "nn*"*tent "t! #r "' t!e- a- *er%e t# *uppleent t!epr#%"*"#n* #' t!e pe&ul"ar rule* #%ern"n *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n*.

Velarde %. S#&"al u*t"&e S-*te (23)

>a*ed #n t!e '#re#"n/ an a&t"#n '#r de&larat#r- rel"e' *!#uld +e '"led +- a per*#n "ntere*ted undera deed/ a "ll/ a ntra&t #r #t!er r"tten "n*truent/ and !#*e r"!t* are a''e&ted +- a *tatute/ ane7e&ut"%e #rder/ a reulat"#n #r an #rd"nan&e. T!e purp#*e #' t!e reed- "* t# "nterpret #r t#deter"ne t!e %al"d"t- #' t!e r"tten "n*truent a"d t# *ee a ,ud"&"al de&larat"#n #' t!e part"e*r"!t* #r dut"e* t!ereunder. T!e e**ent"al reu"*"te* #' t!e a&t"#n are a* '#ll#* (1) t!ere "* a,u*t"&"a+le ntr#%er*-: (2) t!e ntr#%er*- "* +eteen per*#n* !#*e "ntere*t* are ad%er*e: () t!epart- *ee"n t!e rel"e' !a* a leal "ntere*t "n t!e ntr#%er*-: and (3) t!e "**ue "* r"pe '#r ,ud"&"aldeter"nat"#n.A ,u*t"&"a+le ntr#%er*- re'er* t# an e7"*t"n &a*e #r ntr#%er*- t!at "* appr#pr"ate #r r"pe '#r,ud"&"al deter"nat"#n/ n#t #ne t!at "* n,e&tural #r erel- ant"&"pat#r-. T!e SS Pet"t"#n '#rDe&larat#r- Rel"e' 'ell *!#rt #' t!"* te*t. It "*era+l- 'a"led t# allee an e7"*t"n ntr#%er*- #rd"*pute +eteen t!e pet"t"#ner and t!e naed re*p#ndent* t!ere"n. Furt!er/ t!e Pet"t"#n d"d n#t*u''"&"entl- *tate !at *pe&"'"& leal r"!t #' t!e pet"t"#ner a* %"#lated +- t!e re*p#ndent* t!ere"n:and !at part"&ular a&t #r a&t* #' t!e latter ere "n +rea&! #' "t* r"!t*/ t!e la #r t!e C#n*t"tut"#n.

C. Rule 63

SECTION 1. $cope.%T!"*Rule *!all #%ern t!e re%"e #' ,udent* and '"nal #rder* #r re*#lut"#n* #'

t!e C#"**"#n #n Ele&t"#n* and t!e C#"**"#n #n Aud"t. (n)

SEC. 2. &ode of revie'.%A,udent #r '"nal #rder #r re*#lut"#n #' t!e C#"**"#n #n Ele&t"#n* andt!e C#"**"#n #n Aud"t a- +e +r#u!t +- t!e ar"e%ed part- t# t!e Supree C#urt #n &ert"#rar"under Rule 65/ e7&ept a* !ere"na'ter pr#%"ded. (n)

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SEC. . ime to file petitio".%T!epet"t"#n *!all +e '"led "t!"n t!"rt- () da-* 'r# n#t"&e #' t!e,udent #r '"nal #rder #r re*#lut"#n *#u!t t# +e re%"eed. T!e '"l"n #' a #t"#n '#r ne tr"al #r

ren*"derat"#n #' *a"d ,udent #r '"nal #rder #r re*#lut"#n/ "' all#ed under t!e pr#&edural rule* #'t!e C#"**"#n n&erned/ *!all "nterrupt t!e per"#d !ere"n '"7ed. I' t!e #t"#n "* den"ed/ t!ear"e%ed part- a- '"le t!e pet"t"#n "t!"n t!e rea"n"n per"#d/ +ut !"&! *!all n#t +e le** t!an'"%e (5) da-* "n an- e%ent/ rened 'r# n#t"&e #' den"al. (n)

SEC. 3. oc*et a"d ot+er la'ful 'ee*.$0p#n t!e '"l"n #' t!e pet"t"#n/ t!e pet"t"#ner *!all pa- t# t!e&ler #' urt t!e d#&et and #t!er la'ul 'ee* and dep#*"t t!e a#unt #' P5. '#r *t*. (n)

SEC. 5. ,orm a"d co"te"ts of petitio".%T!epet"t"#n *!all +e %er"'"ed and '"led "n e"!teen (1


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SEC. ;. $ubmissio" fordecisio".%0nle**t!e C#urt *et* t!e &a*e '#r #ral aruent/ #r reu"re* t!epart"e* t# *u+"t e#randa/ t!e &a*e *!all +e deeed *u+"tted '#r de&"*"#n up#n t!e '"l"n #' t!e

ent* #n t!e pet"t"#n/ #r #' *u&! #t!er plead"n* #r paper* a* a- +e reu"red #r all#ed/ #rt!e e7p"rat"#n #' t!e per"#d t# d# *#. (n)

D. Cert"#rar"(Rule 65)SECTION 1. Pet"t"#n '#r &ert"#rar". $ !en an- tr"+unal/ +#ard #r #''"&ere7er&"*"n ,ud"&"al #r ua*"8,ud"&"al 'un&t"#n* !a* a&ted "t!#ut #r "n e7&e** #'"t* #r !"* ,ur"*d"&t"#n/ #r "t! ra%e a+u*e #' d"*&ret"#n a#unt"n t# la& #re7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n/ and t!ere "* n# appeal/ #r an- pla"n/ *peed-/ andadeuate reed- "n t!e #rd"nar- ur*e #' la/ a per*#n ar"e%ed t!ere+-a- '"le a %er"'"ed pet"t"#n "n t!e pr#per urt/ alle"n t!e 'a&t* "t!&erta"nt- and pra-"n t!at ,udent +e rendered annull"n #r #d"'-"n t!epr#&eed"n* #' *u&! tr"+unal/ +#ard #r #''"&er/ and rant"n *u&! "n&"dentalrel"e'* a* la and ,u*t"&e a- reu"re.

T!e pet"t"#n *!all +e a&pan"ed +- a &ert"'"ed true p- #' t!e ,udent/#rder #r re*#lut"#n *u+,e&t t!ere#'/ p"e* #' all plead"n* and d#&uent*

rele%ant and pert"nent t!eret#/ and a *#rn &ert"'"&at"#n #' n#n8'#ru*!#pp"n a* pr#%"ded "n t!e pararap! #' *e&t"#n / Rule 36.

SECTION 2. Pet"t"#n '#r pr#!"+"t"#n. $ !en t!e pr#&eed"n* #' an-tr"+unal/ rp#rat"#n/ +#ard/ #''"&er #r per*#n/ !et!er e7er&"*"n ,ud"&"al/ua*"8,ud"&"al #r "n"*ter"al 'un&t"#n*/ are "t!#ut #r "n e7&e** #' "t* #r !"*,ur"*d"&t"#n/ #r "t! ra%e a+u*e #' d"*&ret"#n a#unt"n t# la& #r e7&e** #',ur"*d"&t"#n/ and t!ere "* n# appeal #r an- #t!er pla"n/ *peed-/ and adeuatereed- "n t!e #rd"nar- ur*e #' la/ a per*#n ar"e%ed t!ere+- a- '"le a%er"'"ed pet"t"#n "n t!e pr#per urt/ alle"n t!e 'a&t* "t! &erta"nt- andpra-"n t!at ,udent +e rendered and"n t!e re*p#ndent t# de*"*t'r# 'urt!er pr#&eed"n* "n t!e a&t"#n #r atter *pe&"'"ed t!ere"n/ #r#t!er"*e rant"n *u&! "n&"dental rel"e'* a* la and ,u*t"&e a- reu"re.

T!e pet"t"#n *!all l"e"*e +e a&pan"ed +- a &ert"'"ed true p- #' t!e,udent/ #rder #r re*#lut"#n *u+,e&t t!ere#'/ p"e* #' all plead"n* andd#&uent* rele%ant and pert"nent t!eret#/ and a *#rn &ert"'"&at"#n #' n#n8'#ru *!#pp"n a* pr#%"ded "n t!e t!"rd pararap! #' *e&t"#n / Rule 36.

SECTION . Pet"t"#n '#r andau*. $ !en an- tr"+unal/ rp#rat"#n/+#ard/ #''"&er #r per*#n unla'ull- nele&t* t!e per'#ran&e #' an a&t !"&!t!e la *pe&"'"&all- en,#"n* a* a dut- re*ult"n 'r# an #''"&e/ tru*t/ #r*tat"#n/ #r unla'ull- e7&lude* an#t!er 'r# t!e u*e and en,#-ent #' ar"!t #r #''"&e t# !"&! *u&! #t!er "* ent"tled/ and t!ere "n n# #t!er pla"n/*peed- and adeuate reed- "n t!e #rd"nar- ur*e #' la/ t!e per*#nar"e%ed t!ere+- a- '"le a %er"'"ed pet"t"#n "n t!e pr#per urt/ alle"n t!e'a&t* "t! &erta"nt- and pra-"n t!at ,udent +e rendered and"n t!ere*p#ndent/ "ed"atel- #r at *#e #t!er *pe&"'"ed +- t!e urt/ t# d# t!e

a&t reu"red t# +e d#ne t# pr#te&t t!e r"!t* #' t!e pet"t"#ner/ and t# pa- t!edaae* *u*ta"ned +- t!e pet"t"#ner +- rea*#n #' t!e r#n'ul a&t* #' t!ere*p#ndent.

T!e pet"t"#n *!all al*# nta"n a *#rn &ert"'"&at"#n #' n#n8'#ru *!#pp"n a*pr#%"ded "n t!e t!"rd pararap! #' *e&t"#n / Rule 36.

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SECTION 3. !ere pet"t"#n '"led. $ !en and !ere pet"t"#n '"led. G T!e pet"t"#n*!all +e '"led n#t later t!an *"7t- (6) da-* 'r# n#t"&e #' t!e ,udent/ #rder #rre*#lut"#n. In &a*e a #t"#n '#r ren*"derat"#n #r ne tr"al "* t"el- '"led/ !et!er *u&!#t"#n "* reu"red #r n#t/ t!e *"7t- (6) da- per"#d *!all +e unted 'r# n#t"&e #' t!eden"al #' t!e *a"d #t"#n. T!e pet"t"#n *!all +e '"led "n t!e Supree C#urt #r/ "' "t relate* t#t!e a&t* #r #"**"#n* #' a l#er urt #r #' a rp#rat"#n/ +#ard/ #''"&er #r per*#n/ "n t!e

Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt e7er&"*"n ,ur"*d"&t"#n #%er t!e terr"t#r"al area a* de'"ned +- t!eSupree C#urt. It a- al*# +e '"led "n t!e C#urt #' Appeal* !et!er #r n#t t!e *ae "* "nt!e a"d #' "t* appellate ,ur"*d"&t"#n/ #r "n t!e Sand"an+a-an "' "t "* "n a"d #' "t* appellate,ur"*d"&t"#n. I' "t "n%#l%e* t!e a&t* #r #"**"#n* #' a ua*"8,ud"&"al aen&-/ unle** #t!er"*epr#%"ded +- la #r t!e*e rule*/ t!e pet"t"#n *!all +e '"led "n and n"a+le #nl- +- t!e

C#urt #' Appeal*. N# e7ten*"#n #' t"e t# '"le t!e pet"t"#n *!all +e ranted e7&ept '#rpell"n rea*#n and "n n# &a*e e7&eed"n '"'teen (15) da-*.

SECTION 5. Re*p#ndent* and *t* "n &erta"n &a*e*. $ !en t!e pet"t"#n'"led relate* t# t!e a&t* #r #"**"#n* #' a ,ude/ urt/ ua*"8,ud"&"al aen&-/tr"+unal/ rp#rat"#n/ +#ard/ #''"&er #r per*#n/ t!e pet"t"#ner *!all ,#"n/ a*pr"%ate re*p#ndent #r re*p#ndent* "t! *u&! pu+l"& re*p#ndent #r

re*p#ndent*/ t!e per*#n #r per*#n* "ntere*ted "n *u*ta"n"n t!e pr#&eed"n*"n t!e urt: and "t *!all +e t!e dut- #' *u&! pr"%ate re*p#ndent* t# appearand de'end/ +#t! "n !"* #r t!e"r #n +e!al' and "n +e!al' #' t!e pu+l"&re*p#ndent #r re*p#ndent* a''e&ted +- t!e pr#&eed"n*/ and t!e *t*aarded "n *u&! pr#&eed"n* "n 'a%#r #' t!e pet"t"#ner *!all +e aa"n*t t!epr"%ate re*p#ndent* #nl-/ and n#t aa"n*t t!e ,ude/ urt/ ua*"8,ud"&"alaen&-/ tr"+unal/ rp#rat"#n/ +#ard/ #''"&er #r per*#n "pleaded a* pu+l"&re*p#ndent #r re*p#ndent*.

0nle** #t!er"*e *pe&"'"&all- d"re&ted +- t!e urt !ere t!e pet"t"#n "*pend"n/ t!e pu+l"& re*p#ndent* *!all n#t appear "n #r '"le an an*er #rent t# t!e pet"t"#n #r an- plead"n t!ere"n. I' t!e &a*e "* ele%ated t# a!"!er urt +- e"t!er part-/ t!e pu+l"& re*p#ndent* *!all +e "n&luded t!ere"na* n#"nal part"e*. H#e%er/ unle** #t!er"*e *pe&"'"&all- d"re&ted +- t!e

urt/ t!e- *!all n#t appear #r part"&"pate "n t!e pr#&eed"n* t!ere"n.

SECTION 6. Order t# ent. $ I' t!e pet"t"#n "* *u''"&"ent "n '#r and*u+*tan&e t# ,u*t"'- *u&! pr#&e**/ t!e urt *!all "**ue an #rder reu"r"n t!ere*p#ndent #r re*p#ndent* t# ent #n t!e pet"t"#n "t!"n ten (1) da-*'r# t!e re&e"pt #' a p- t!ere#'. Su&! #rder *!all +e *er%ed #n t!ere*p#ndent* "n *u&! anner a* t!e urt a- d"re&t/ t#et!er "t! a p- #'t!e pet"t"#n and an- anne7e* t!eret#.In pet"t"#n* '#r &ert"#rar" +e'#re t!e Supree C#urt and t!e C#urt #' Appeal*/t!e pr#%"*"#n* "' *e&t"#n 2/ Rule 56/ *!all +e #+*er%ed. >e'#re "%"n dueur*e t!eret#/ t!e urt a- reu"re t!e re*p#ndent* t# '"le t!e"r entt#/ and n#t a #t"#n t# d"*"**/ t!e pet"t"#n. T!erea'ter/ t!e urt a-reu"re t!e '"l"n #' a repl- and *u&! #t!er re*p#n*"%e #r #t!er plead"n* a* "ta- dee ne&e**ar- and pr#per.

SECTION 9. E7ped"t"n pr#&eed"n*: "n,un&t"%e rel"e' . $ T!e urt "n!"&! t!e pet"t"#n "* '"led a- "**ue #rder* e7ped"t"n t!e pr#&eed"n*/ and "ta- al*# rant a tep#rar- re*tra"n"n #rder #r a r"t #' prel""nar-"n,un&t"#n '#r t!e pre*er%at"#n #' t!e r"!t* #' t!e part"e* pend"n *u&!pr#&eed"n*. T!e pet"t"#n *!all n#t "nterrupt t!e ur*e #' t!e pr"n&"pal &a*e

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unle** a tep#rar- re*tra"n"n #rder #r a r"t #' prel""nar- "n,un&t"#n !a*+een "**ued aa"n*t t!e pu+l"& re*p#ndent 'r# 'urt!er pr#&eed"n "n t!e

&a*e.

SECTION e'#re certiorari&an +e a%a"led #'/ pet"t"#ner *!#uld '"r*t '"le a #t"#n'#r ren*"derat"#n #' t!e &!allened #rder/ re*#lut"#n #r de&"*"#n/

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(Butua" Bay Aood port Corporatio" v. C7 192@) e7&ept "n t!e'#ll#"n &a*e*(1) "n t!e "ntere*t #' ,u*t"&e and pu+l"& el'are and ad%an&eent #'pu+l"& p#l"&-:(4ose v. =ulueta)(2) #rder a* "**ued "t!#ut #r "n e7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n: (+ilippi"eCo"sumers ,ou"datio" 6"c. v.


10/39

certiorari a #t"#n '#r ren*"derat"#n u*t !a%e t# +e '"led t# all# t!e urt n&erned an#pp#rtun"t- t# rre&t "t* err#r*/ unle** *u&! #t"#n a- +e d"*pen*ed "t! +e&au*e #' e7"*t"ne7&ept"#nal &"r&u*tan&e*. F"nall-/ e%en "' a #t"#n '#r ren*"derat"#n !a* +een '"led and den"ed/t!e reed- under Rule 65 "* *t"ll una%a"la+le a+*ent an- *!#"n #' t!e r#und* pr#%"ded '#r "nSe&t"#n 1 t!ere#'. F#r #+%"#u* rea*#n*/ t!e pet"t"#n at +ar d#e* n#t/ and uld n#t !a%e / alleed an-#' *u&! r#und*.

Calau" %. CA (1;;)An appeal +r"n* up '#r re%"e err#r* #' ,udent "tted +- a urt "t! ,ur"*d"&t"#n #%er t!e*u+,e&t #' t!e *u"t and t!e per*#n* #' t!e part"e* #r an- *u&! err#r "tted +- t!e urt "n t!ee7er&"*e #' "t* ,ur"*d"&t"#n a#unt"n t# n#t!"n #re t!an an err#r #' ,udent. On t!e #t!er !and/t!e r"t #' &ert"#rar" "**ue* '#r t!e rre&t"#n #' err#r* #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n #nl- #r ra%e a+u*e #'d"*&ret"#n a#unt"n t# la& #r e7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n.

ee %. Bal%e (23)On t!e first issue/ t!e pet"t"#ner* arue t!at t!e pre*ent appeal +- &ert"#rar" '"led "t! t!"* C#urta**a"l"n t!e d"*"**al #' t!e"r *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n '#r certiorari/ pr#!"+"t"#n/ and andau* +- t!eappellate urt "* er"t#r"#u*. A'ter all/ a&rd"n t# pet"t"#ner*/ a pet"t"#n '#r re%"e under Rule 35/Se&t"#n 1/ #' t!e 1;;9 Rule* #' C"%"l Pr#&edure uld +e +r#u!t +e'#re u*/ reardle** #' !et!er t!ea**a"led de&"*"#n #' t!e appellate urt "n%#l%e* an appeal #n t!e er"t* 'r# t!e tr"al urt*,udent #r t!e d"*"**al #' a *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n ue*t"#n"n an "nterl#&ut#r- #rder #' t!e tr"alurt. !at "* "p#rtant under Rule 35/ Se&t"#n 1/ "* t!at t!e a**a"led de&"*"#n #' t!e appellateurt "* '"nal and t!at t!e pet"t"#n +e'#re t!"* C#urt *!#uld ra"*e #nl- ue*t"#n* #' la.e '"nd n# +a*"* '#r re*p#ndent* ntent"#n t!at t!e de&"*"#n #' t!e C#urt #' Appeal* "n CA8B.R. SPN#. 55315/ d"*"**"n t!e pet"t"#ner* *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n '#r certiorari/ pr#!"+"t"#n/ and andau* "*"nterl#&ut#r- "n nature. T!e CA* de&"*"#n #n *a"d pet"t"#n "* '"nal '#r "t d"*p#*e* #' t!e #r""nal a&t"#n'#r certiorari/ pr#!"+"t"#n/ and andau* d"re&ted aa"n*t t!e "nterl#&ut#r- #rder* #' t!e tr"al urt"n C"%"l Ca*e N#. 8;;8992. In #t!er #rd*/ !a%"n d"*"**ed t!e *a"d a&t"#n/ t!ere "* n#t!"n

#re le't t# +e d#ne "n CA8B.R. SP N#. 55315 a* 'ar a* t!e appellate urt "* n&erned.N#r &an e *u*ta"n re*p#ndent* aruent t!at t!e appellate urt* de&"*"#n "n CA8B.R. SP N#.55315 "* n#t #n t!e er"t*. In *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n* '#r &ert"#rar"/ *u&! a* CA8B.R. SP N#. 55315/ t!e#nl- "**ue +e'#re t!e appellate urt "* !et!er t!e l#er urt a&ted "t!#ut #r "n e7&e** #',ur"*d"&t"#n/ #r "t! ra%e a+u*e #' d"*&ret"#n a#unt"n t# la& #r e7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n. Statedd"''erentl-/ "n a &ert"#rar" pet"t"#n t!e appellate urt "* n#t ta*ed t# ad,ud"&ate t!e er"t* #' t!ere*p#ndent* &la"* +e'#re t!e tr"al urt. Re*#l%"n *u&! &la"* #n t!e er"t* rea"n* t!e pr#perpr#%"n&e #' t!e tr"al urt "n C"%"l Ca*e N#. 8;;8992. T!e appellate urt pr#perl- ruled "n CA8B.R. SP N#. 55315 t!at t!e tr"al urt "tted n# ra%e a+u*e #' d"*&ret"#n a#unt"n t# la& #re7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n *# a* t# arrant t!e "**uan&e #' r"t* #' &ert"#rar"/ pr#!"+"t"#n/ and andau*t!at pet"t"#ner* *#u!t. In *# l""t"n "t*el' t# and addre**"n *uarel- #nl- t!e "**ue #' ra%e a+u*e#' d"*&ret"#n #r la& #r e7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n/ t!e C#urt #' Appeal*/ "n CA8B.R. SP N#. 55315/pre&"*el- de&"ded t!e atter #n t!e er"t*. In #t!er #rd*/ "t '#und t!at t!e *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n #'pet"t"#ner* +e'#re "t !ad n# er"t.

Dun# %. CA (2)

Fel"pe "tted a pr#&edural +lunder "n '"l"n a *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n '#r &ert"#rar" t# a**a"l t!e Orderand t!e r"t. Fel"pe a* n#t a part- "n C"%"l Ca*e N#. 528L. He uld n#t/ t!ere'#re/ a**a"l t!er"t #' prel""nar- "n,un&t"#n t!r#u! a pet"t"#n '#r &ert"#rar" +e'#re t!e C#urt #' Appeal*. A*

rre&tl- p#"nted #ut +- t!e C#urt #' Appeal*/ Fel"pe d#e* n#t p#**e** t!e reu"*"te *tand"n t# '"le*u&! *u"t. In Ciudad Real v. Court of Appeals/ t!"* C#urt ruled t!at t!ere "* ra%e a+u*e #'d"*&ret"#n "' t!e appellate urt ren"e* t!e *tand"n #' a part-/ n#t a l"t"ant "n t!e tr"al urtpr#&eed"n*/ t# ,#"n a pet"t"#n '#r &ert"#rar".

>adua %. >#d#n (1;;1)

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Su&! tr"+al urt* are n#t a part #' t!e P!"l"pp"ne ,ud"&"al *-*te !"&! n*"*t* #' t!e SupreeC#urt and t!e l#er urt* !"&! !a%e +een e*ta+l"*!ed +- la (See. 1/ Art. VIII/ 1;


12/39

PROHI>ITION

1. Re*p#ndent Benerall- a urt/ tr"+unal #r per*#n e7er&"*"n,ud"&"al #r "n"*ter"al 'un&t"#n*

Benerall- aa""n,un&t"#n

2. C#urt* ,ur"*d"&t"#n La& #r e7&e** #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n a- +e a r#und ur"*d"&t"#n #'

. Nature #' t!e reed- Ala-* a a"n a&t"#n "t! prel""nar- "n,un&t"#na* a pr#%"*"#nal reed-

Can +e a a"na* a pr#%"*"#na

F. 4andau*(Rule 65/ *upra)

1. Reu"*"te*(1) a tr"+unal/ rp#rat"#n/ +#ard/ #''"&er* #r per*#n unla'ull-nele&t* t!e per'#ran&e #' an a&t !"&! t!e la *pe&"'"&all- en,#"n*a* a dut- ar"*"n 'r# an #''"&e/ tru*t/ #r *tat"#n #r unla'ull-e7&lude* an#t!er 'r# t!e u*e #r en,#-ent #' a r"!t #r #''"&e t#

!"&! t!e pla"nt"'' "* ent"tled: and(2) t!ere "* n# #t!er pla"n/ *peed- and adeuate reed- "n t!e#rd"nar- ur*e #' la.

2. F#r #' pet"t"#n (*ee Rule 65/ Se&. )

. De&"*"#nal rule* &a"damus"* an appr#pr"ate reed- t# pel a rp#rat"#n

t# rant "t* #nt!l- *alar"ed epl#-ee* !#l"da- pa-.

(&a"trade,&&C ivisio" mployees a"d Aor*ers D"io" v.Bacu"/a" 192!)

&a"damus"* n#t pr#per t# pel a *&!##l t# enr#ll a *tudent'#r a&ade"& de'"&"en&"e* +e&au*e t!"* "n%#l%e* t!e e7er&"*e +-t!e *&!##l #' d"*&ret"#n under a&ade"& 'reed#. (D v.

7yso" 1929) &a"damus "ll n#t l"e aa"n*t t!e Pre*"dent #r C#nre**

+e&au*e #' t!e pr"n&"ple t!at t!e ,ud"&"ar- "* a eualdepartent #' t!e latter. ($ua"es v. C+ief 7ccou"ta"t of t+e$e"ate 19;2 Resolutio" o" t+e &R)

Fa"lure t# e7!au*t ad"n"*trat"%e reed"e* "* enerall- 'atal t#an a&t"#n '#r ma"damus. (7-ui"o v. &aria"o 192;) T!ee7&ept"#n "* !en t!e ue*t"#n "* purel- #' la. (O"e Eeart$porti"/ Club 6"c. v. C7 1921)

F"nal and e7e&ut#r- ,udent* a- +e en'#r&ed +-andau*. Al*#/ daae* a- +e &la"ed "n n,un&t"#n "t!an a&t"#n '#r andau* (V"tal8B##n %. CA/ 1;;2)

In #rder t!at a r"t #' ma"damus a- aptl- "**ue/ "t "*e**ent"al t!at/ #n t!e #ne !and/ t!e per*#n pet"t"#n"n '#r "t

!a* a &lear leal r"!t t# t!e &la" t!at "* *#u!t and t!at/ #nt!e #t!er !and/ t!e re*p#ndent !a* an "perat"%e dut- t#per'#r t!at !"&! "* deanded #' !". (>PI %. 4an"an/

26)

S044ARJ #' DIFFERENCES

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CR6OR7R6 PROHI>ITION

1. Purp#*e #' t!e r"t T# annul #r #d"'- an a&tper'#red +- re*p#ndent

T# pre%ent "**"#n #r &arr-"n#ut t!e a&t

C#de*

2. A&t *#u!t t# +e ntr#lled ud"&"al #r ua*"8,ud"&"al 'un&t"#n* ud"&"al/ ua*"8,ud"&"al #r "n"*ter"al

'un&t"#n*

Le

. Re*p#ndent Per*#n* e7er&"*"n ,ud"&"al #rua*"8,ud"&"al 'un&t"#n*

Per*#n* e7er&"*"n ,ud"&"al/ ua*"8,ud"&"al and "n"*ter"al 'un&t"#n*

Per

3. Nature #' t!e reed- C#rre&t"%e reed- and re'er* t#a&t* alread- n*uated

Pre%ent"%e reed- and re'er* t#a&t* *t"ll t# +e d#ne

D"rper

B. u# arrant#(Rule 66)

SECTION 1. A&t"#n +- B#%ernent aa"n*t "nd"%"dual*. $ An a&t"#n '#r t!eu*urpat"#n #' a pu+l"& #''"&e/ p#*"t"#n #r 'ran&!"*e a- +e en&ed +- a %er"'"ed

pet"t"#n +r#u!t "n t!e nae #' t!e Repu+l"& #' t!e P!"l"pp"ne* aa"n*t(a) A per*#n !# u*urp*/ "ntrude* "nt#/ #r unla'ull- !#ld* #r e7er&"*e* apu+l"& #''"&e/ p#*"t"#n #r 'ran&!"*e:(+) A pu+l"& #''"&er !# d#e* #r *u''er* an a&t !"&!/ +- t!e pr#%"*"#n #'la/ n*t"tute* a r#und '#r t!e '#r'e"ture #' !"* #''"&e: #r(&) An a**#&"at"#n !"&! a&t* a* a rp#rat"#n "t!"n t!e P!"l"pp"ne*"t!#ut +e"n leall- "nrp#rated #r "t!#ut la'ul aut!#r"t- *# t# a&t.

SECTION 2. !en S#l"&"t#r Beneral #r pu+l"& pr#*e&ut#r u*t en&ea&t"#n. $ T!e S#l"&"t#r Beneral #r a pu+l"& pr#*e&ut#r/ !en d"re&ted +- t!ePre*"dent #' t!e P!"l"pp"ne*/ #r !en up#n pla"nt #r #t!er"*e !e !a*##d rea*#n t# +el"e%e t!at an- &a*e *pe&"'"ed "n t!e pre&ed"n *e&t"#n* &an+e e*ta+l"*!ed +- pr##'/ u*t en&e *u&! a&t"#n.

SECTION . !en S#l"&"t#r Beneral #r pu+l"& pr#*e&ut#r a- en&ea&t"#n "t! per"**"#n #' urt. $ T!e S#l"&"t#r Beneral #r a pu+l"&pr#*e&ut#r a-/ "t! t!e per"**"#n #' t!e urt "n !"&! t!e a&t"#n "* t# +een&ed/ +r"n *u&! an a&t"#n at t!e reue*t and up#n t!e relat"#n #'an#t!er per*#n: +ut "n *u&! &a*e t!e #''"&er +r"n"n "t a- '"r*t reu"re an"nden"t- '#r t!e e7pen*e* and *t #' t!e a&t"#n "n an a#unt appr#%ed +-and t# +e dep#*"ted "n t!e urt +- t!e per*#n at !#*e reue*t and up#n!#*e relat"#n t!e *ae "* +r#u!t.

SECTION 3. !en !ear"n !ad #n appl"&at"#n '#r per"**"#n t#en&e a&t"#n. $ 0p#n appl"&at"#n '#r per"**"#n t# en&e *u&!a&t"#n "n a&rdan&e "t! t!e ne7t pre&ed"n *e&t"#n/ t!e urt *!all d"re&tt!at n#t"&e +e "%en t# t!e re*p#ndent *# t!at !e a- +e !eard "n #pp#*"t"#n

t!eret#: and "' per"**"#n "* ranted/ t!e urt *!all "**ue an #rder t# t!ate''e&t/ p"e* #' !"&! *!all +e *er%ed #n all "ntere*ted part"e*/ and t!epet"t"#n *!all t!en +e '"led "t!"n t!e per"#d #rdered +- t!e urt.

SECTION 5. !en an "nd"%"dual a- en&e *u&! an a&t"#n. $ Aper*#n &la""n t# +e ent"tled t# a pu+l"& #''"&e #r p#*"t"#n u*urped #r

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unla'ull- !eld #r e7er&"*ed +- t!e an#t!er a- +r"n an a&t"#n t!ere'#r "n!"* #n nae.

SECTION 6. Part"e* and ntent* #' pet"t"#n aa"n*t u*urpat"#n. $ !ent!e a&t"#n "* aa"n*t a per*#n '#r u*urp"n a pu+l"& #''"&e/ p#*"t"#n #r'ran&!"*e/ t!e pet"t"#n *!all *et '#rt! t!e nae #' t!e per*#n !# &la"* t#+e ent"tled t!eret#/ "' an-/ "t! an a%erent #' !"* r"!t t# t!e *ae and t!att!e re*p#ndent "* unla'ull- "n p#**e**"#n t!ere#'. All per*#n* !# &la" t#+e ent"tled t# t!e pu+l"& #''"&e/ p#*"t"#n #r 'ran&!"*e a- +e ade part"e*/and t!e"r re*pe&t"%e r"!t* t# *u&! pu+l"& #''"&e/ p#*"t"#n #r 'ran&!"*edeter"ned/ "n t!e *ae a&t"#n.

SECTION 9. Venue $ An a&t"#n under t!e pre&ed"n *"7 *e&t"#n* &an +e+r#u!t #nl- "n t!e Supree C#urt/ t!e C#urt #' Appeal*/ #r "n t!e Re"#nalTr"al C#urt e7er&"*"n ,ur"*d"&t"#n #%er t!e terr"t#r"al area !ere t!ere*p#ndent #r an- #' t!e re*p#ndent* re*"de*/ +ut !en t!e S#l"&"t#r Beneralen&e* t!e a&t"#n/ "t a- +e +r#u!t "n a Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt "n t!e C"t-#' 4an"la/ "n t!e C#urt #' Appeal*/ #r "n t!e Supree C#urt.

SECTION


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"t!"n #ne (1) -ear a'ter t!e entr- #' t!e ,udent e*ta+l"*!"n t!epet"t"#ner=* r"!t t# t!e #''"&e "n ue*t"#n.

SECTION 12. udent '#r *t*. $ In an a&t"#n +r#u!t "n a&rdan&e"t! t!e pr#%"*"#n* #' t!"* Rule/ t!e urt a- render ,udent '#r *t*aa"n*t e"t!er t!e pet"t"#ner/ t!e relat#r/ #r t!e re*p#ndent/ #r t!e per*#n #rper*#n* &la""n t# +e a rp#rat"#n/ #r a- app#rt"#n t!e *t*/ a* ,u*t"&e

reu"re*.

1. De'"n"t"#nA -uo 'arra"to"* a prer#at"%e r"t +- !"&! t!e B#%ernent &an&all up#n an- per*#n t# *!# +- !at arrant !e !#ld* a pu+l"''"&e #r e7er&"*e* a pu+l"& 'ran&!"*e. (3 &ora" @2 [19#@])T!e pre*ent Rule 66 #nl- appl"e* t# a&t"#n* #' -uo 'arra"toaa"n*tper*#n* !# u*urp a pu+l"& #''"&e/ p#*"t"#n #r 'ran&!"*e: pu+l"''"&er* !# '#r'e"t t!e"r #''"&e: and a**#&"at"#n* !"&! a&t a*rp#rat"#n* "t!#ut +e"n leall- "nrp#rated de*p"te t!e pa**ae#' R.A. N#.


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SECTION 2. Entr- #' pla"nt"'' up#n dep#*"t"n %alue "t! aut!#r"ed#%ernent dep#*"tar-. $ 0p#n t!e '"l"n #' t!e pla"nt #r at an- t"e

t!erea'ter and a'ter due n#t"&e t# t!e de'endant/ t!e pla"nt"'' *!all !a%e t!er"!t t# tae #r enter up#n t!e p#**e**"#n #' t!e real pr#pert- "n%#l%ed "' !edep#*"t* "t! t!e aut!#r"ed #%ernent dep#*"tar- an a#unt eu"%alent t#t!e a**e**ed %alue #' t!e pr#pert- '#r purp#*e* #' ta7at"#n t# +e !eld +-*u&! +an *u+,e&t t# t!e #rder* #' t!e urt. Su&! dep#*"t *!all +e "n #ne-/unle** "n l"eu t!ere#' t!e urt aut!#r"e* t!e dep#*"t #' a &ert"'"&ate #'dep#*"t #' a #%ernent +an #' t!e Repu+l"& #' t!e P!"l"pp"ne* pa-a+le #ndeand t# t!e aut!#r"ed #%ernent dep#*"tar-.

I' per*#nal pr#pert- "* "n%#l%ed/ "t* %alue *!all +e pr#%"*"#nall- a*&erta"nedand t!e a#unt t# +e dep#*"ted *!all +e pr#ptl- '"7ed +- t!e urt.

A'ter *u&! dep#*"t "* ade t!e urt *!all #rder t!e *!er"'' #r #t!er pr#per#''"&er t# '#rt!"t! pla&e t!e pla"nt"'' "n p#**e**"#n #' t!e pr#pert- "n%#l%edand pr#ptl- *u+"t a rep#rt t!ere#' t# t!e urt "t! *er%"&e #' p"e* t#t!e part"e*.

SECTION . De'en*e* and #+,e&t"#n*. $ I' a de'endant !a* n# #+,e&t"#n#r de'en*e t# t!e a&t"#n #r t!e ta"n #' !"* pr#pert-/ !e a- '"le and *er%e a

n#t"&e #' appearan&e and a an"'e*tat"#n t# t!at e''e&t/ e*pe&"all-de*"nat"n #r "dent"'-"n t!e pr#pert- "n !"&! !e &la"* t# +e "ntere*ted/"t!"n t!e t"e *tated "n t!e *u#n*. T!erea'ter/ !e *!all +e ent"tled t#n#t"&e #' all pr#&eed"n* a''e&t"n t!e *ae.

I' a de'endant !a* an- #+,e&t"#n t# t!e '"l"n #' #r t!e alleat"#n* "n t!epla"nt/ #r an- #+,e&t"#n #r de'en*e t# t!e ta"n #' !"* pr#pert-/ !e *!all*er%e !"* an*er "t!"n t!e t"e *tated "n t!e *u#n*. T!e an*er *!all*pe&"'"&all- de*"nate #r "dent"'- t!e pr#pert- "n !"&! !e &la"* t# !a%e an"ntere*t/ *tate t!e nature and e7tent #' t!e "ntere*t &la"ed/ and addu&e all!"* #+,e&t"#n* and de'en*e* t# t!e ta"n #' !"* pr#pert-. N# unter&la":&r#**8&la" #r t!"rd8part- pla"nt *!all +e alleed #r all#ed "n t!e an*er#r an- *u+*euent plead"n.

A de'endant a"%e* all de'en*e* and #+,e&t"#n* n#t *# alleed +ut t!e urt/"n t!e "ntere*t #' ,u*t"&e/ a- per"t aendent* t# t!e an*er t# +e aden#t later t!an ten (1) da-* 'r# t!e '"l"n t!ere#'. H#e%er/ at t!e tr"al #'t!e "**ue #' ,u*t pen*at"#n/ !et!er #r n#t a de'endant !a* pre%"#u*l-appeared #r an*ered/ !e a- pre*ent e%"den&e a* t# t!e a#unt #' t!epen*at"#n t# +e pa"d '#r !"* pr#pert-/ and !e a- *!are "n t!ed"*tr"+ut"#n #' t!e aard.

SECTION 3. Order #' e7pr#pr"at"#n. $ I' t!e #+,e&t"#n* t# and t!ede'en*e* aa"n*t t!e r"!t #' t!e pla"nt"'' t# e7pr#pr"ate t!e pr#pert- are#%erruled/ #r !en n# part- appear* t# de'end a* reu"red +- t!"* Rule/ t!e

urt a- "**ue an #rder #' e7pr#pr"at"#n de&lar"n t!at t!e pla"nt"'' !a* ala'ul r"!t t# tae t!e pr#pert- *#u!t t# +e e7pr#pr"ated/ '#r t!e pu+l"& u*e

#r purp#*e de*&r"+ed "n t!e pla"nt/ up#n t!e pa-ent #' ,u*tpen*at"#n t# +e deter"ned a* #' t!e date #' t!e ta"n #' t!e pr#pert-#r t!e '"l"n #' t!e pla"nt/ !"&!e%er &ae '"r*t.A '"nal #rder *u*ta"n"n t!e r"!t t# e7pr#pr"ate t!e pr#pert- a- +eappealed +- an- part- ar"e%ed t!ere+-. Su&! appeal/ !#e%er/ *!all n#tpre%ent t!e urt 'r# deter"n"n t!e ,u*t pen*at"#n t# +e pa"d.

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A'ter t!e rend"t"#n #' *u&! an #rder/ t!e pla"nt"'' *!all n#t +e per"tted t#d"*"** #r d"*nt"nue t!e pr#&eed"n e7&ept #n *u&! ter* a* t!e urt

dee* ,u*t and eu"ta+le.

SECTION 5. A*&erta"nent #' pen*at"#n. $ 0p#n t!e rend"t"#n #' t!e#rder #' e7pr#pr"at"#n/ t!e urt *!all app#"nt n#t #re t!an t!ree ()petent and d"*"ntere*ted per*#n* a* "**"#ner* t# a*&erta"n and

rep#rt t# t!e urt t!e ,u*t pen*at"#n '#r t!e pr#pert- *#u!t t# +etaen. T!e #rder #' app#"ntent *!all de*"nate t!e t"e and pla&e #' t!e'"r*t *e**"#n #' t!e !ear"n t# +e !eld +- t!e "**"#ner* and *pe&"'- t!et"e "t!"n !"&! t!e"r rep#rt *!all +e *u+"tted t# t!e urt.

C#p"e* #' t!e #rder *!all +e *er%ed #n t!e part"e*. O+,e&t"#n* t# t!eapp#"ntent #' an- #' t!e "**"#ner* *!all +e '"led "t! t!e urt "t!"nten (1) da-* 'r# *er%"&e/ and *!all +e re*#l%ed "t!"n t!"rt- () da-* a'terall t!e "**"#ner* *!all !a%e re&e"%ed p"e* #' t!e #+,e&t"#n*.

SECTION 6. Pr#&eed"n* +- "**"#ner*. $ >e'#re enter"n up#n t!eper'#ran&e #' t!e"r dut"e*/ t!e "**"#ner* *!all tae and *u+*&r"+e an#at! t!at t!e- "ll 'a"t!'ull- per'#r t!e"r dut"e* a* "**"#ner*/ !"&!#at! *!all +e '"led "n urt "t! t!e #t!er pr#&eed"n* "n t!e &a*e. E%"den&e

a- +e "ntr#du&ed +- e"t!er part- +e'#re t!e "**"#ner* !# areaut!#r"ed t# ad"n"*ter #at!* #n !ear"n* +e'#re t!e/ and t!e"**"#ner* *!all/ unle** t!e part"e* n*ent t# t!e ntrar-/ a'ter duen#t"&e t# t!e part"e* t# attend/ %"e and e7a"ne t!e pr#pert- *#u!t t# +ee7pr#pr"ated and "t* *urr#und"n*/ and a- ea*ure t!e *ae/ a'ter !"&!e"t!er part- a-/ +- !"*el' #r un*el/ arue t!e &a*e. T!e "**"#ner**!all a**e** t!e n*euent"al daae* t# t!e pr#pert- n#t taen and dedu&t'r# *u&! n*euent"al daae* t!e n*euent"al +ene'"t* t# +e der"%ed+- t!e #ner 'r# t!e pu+l"& u*e #r purp#*e #' t!e pr#pert- taen/ t!e#perat"#n #' "t* 'ran&!"*e +- t!e rp#rat"#n/ #r t!e &arr-"n #n #' t!e+u*"ne** #' t!e rp#rat"#n #r per*#n ta"n t!e pr#pert-. >ut "n n# &a*e*!all t!e n*euent"al +ene'"t* a**e**ed e7&eed t!e n*euent"al daae*a**e**ed/ #r t!e #ner +e depr"%ed #' t!e a&tual %alue #' !"* pr#pert- *#taen.

SECTION 9. Rep#rt +- "**"#ner* and ,udent t!ereup#n. $ T!eurt a- #rder t!e "**"#ner* t# rep#rt !en an- part"&ular p#rt"#n #'t!e real e*tate *!all !a%e +een pa**ed up#n +- t!e/ and a- render,udent up#n *u&! part"al rep#rt/ and d"re&t t!e "**"#ner* t# pr#&eed"t! t!e"r #r a* t# *u+*euent p#rt"#n* #' t!e pr#pert- *#u!t t# +ee7pr#pr"ated/ and a- 'r# t"e t# t"e *# deal "t! *u&! pr#pert-. T!e"**"#ner* *!all ae a 'ull and a&&urate rep#rt t# t!e urt #' all t!e"rpr#&eed"n*/ and *u&! pr#&eed"n* *!all n#t +e e''e&tual unt"l t!e urt *!all!a%e a&&epted t!e"r rep#rt and rendered ,udent "n a&rdan&e "t! t!e"rreendat"#n*. E7&ept a* #t!er"*e e7pre**l- #rdered +- t!e urt/ *u&!rep#rt *!all +e '"led "t!"n *"7t- (6) da-* 'r# t!e date t!e "**"#ner*ere n#t"'"ed #' t!e"r app#"ntent/ !"&! t"e a- +e e7tended "n t!ed"*&ret"#n #' t!e urt. 0p#n t!e '"l"n #' *u&! rep#rt/ t!e &ler #' t!e urt*!all *er%e p"e* t!ere#' #n all "ntere*ted part"e*/ "t! n#t"&e t!at t!e- areall#ed ten (1) da-* "t!"n !"&! t# '"le #+,e&t"#n* t# t!e '"nd"n* #' t!erep#rt/ "' t!e- *# de*"re. (9a)

SECTION


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+e'#re t!e e7p"rat"#n #' *u&! per"#d +ut a'ter all t!e "ntere*ted part"e* !a%e'"led t!e"r #+,e&t"#n* t# t!e rep#rt #r t!e"r *tateent #' areeent t!ere"t!/

t!e urt a-/ a'ter !ear"n/ a&&ept t!e rep#rt and render ,udent "na&rdan&e t!ere"t!: #r/ '#r &au*e *!#n/ "t a- re"t t!e *ae t# t!e"**"#ner* '#r 'urt!er rep#rt #' 'a&t*: #r "t a- *et a*"de t!e rep#rt andapp#"nt ne "**"#ner*/ #r "t a- a&&ept t!e rep#rt "n part and re,e&t "t"n part: and "t a- ae *u&! #rder #r render *u&! ,udent a* *!all *e&uret# t!e pla"nt"'' #' t!e pr#pert- e**ent"al t# t!e e7er&"*e #' !"* r"!t #'e7pr#pr"at"#n/ and t# t!e de'endant ,u*t pen*at"#n '#r t!e pr#pert- *#taen.

SECTION ;. 0n&erta"n #ner*!"p: n'l"&t"n &la"*. $ I' t!e #ner*!"p#' t!e pr#pert- taen "* un&erta"n/ #r t!ere are n'l"&t"n &la"* t# an- partt!ere#'/ t!e urt a- #rder an- *u #r *u* aarded a* pen*at"#n '#rt!e pr#pert- t# +e pa"d t# t!e urt '#r t!e +ene'"t #' t!e per*#n ad,uded "nt!e *ae pr#&eed"n t# +e ent"tled t!eret#. >ut t!e ,udent *!all reu"ret!e pa-ent #' t!e *u #r *u* aarded t# e"t!er t!e de'endant #r t!eurt +e'#re t!e pla"nt"'' &an enter up#n t!e pr#pert-/ #r reta"n "t '#r t!epu+l"& u*e #r purp#*e "' entr- !a* alread- +een ade.

SECTION 1. R"!t* #' pla"nt"'' a'ter ,udent and pa-ent. $ 0p#n

pa-ent +- t!e pla"nt"'' t# t!e de'endant #' pen*at"#n '"7ed +- t!e,udent/ "t! leal "ntere*t t!ere#n 'r# t!e ta"n #' t!e p#**e**"#n #'t!e pr#pert-/ #r a'ter tender t# !" #' t!e a#unt *# '"7ed and pa-ent #'t!e *t*/ t!e pla"nt"'' *!all !a%e t!e r"!t t# enter up#n t!e pr#pert-e7pr#pr"ated and t# appr#pr"ate "t '#r t!e pu+l"& u*e #r purp#*e de'"ned "nt!e ,udent/ #r t# reta"n "t *!#uld !e !a%e taen "ed"ate p#**e**"#nt!ere#' under t!e pr#%"*"#n* #' *e&t"#n 2 !ere#'. I' t!e de'endant and !"*un*el a+*ent t!e*el%e* 'r# t!e urt/ #r de&l"ne t# re&e"%e t!e a#unttendered/ t!e *ae *!all +e #rdered t# +e dep#*"ted "n urt and *u&!dep#*"t *!all !a%e t!e *ae e''e&t a* a&tual pa-ent t!ere#' t# t!ede'endant #r t!e per*#n ult"atel- ad,uded ent"tled t!eret#.

SECTION 11. Entr- n#t dela-ed +- appeal: e''e&t #' re%er*al. $ T!e r"!t#' t!e pla"nt"'' t# enter up#n t!e pr#pert- #' t!e de'endant and appr#pr"ate

t!e *ae '#r pu+l"& u*e #r purp#*e *!all n#t +e dela-ed +- an appeal 'r#t!e ,udent. >ut "' t!e appellate urt deter"ne* t!at pla"nt"'' !a* n# r"!t#' e7pr#pr"at"#n/ ,udent *!all +e rendered #rder"n t!e Re"#nal Tr"alC#urt t# '#rt!"t! en'#r&e t!e re*t#rat"#n t# t!e de'endant #' t!e p#**e**"#n#' t!e pr#pert-/ and t# deter"ne t!e daae* !"&! t!e de'endant*u*ta"ned and a- re%er +- rea*#n #' t!e p#**e**"#n taen +- t!e pla"nt"''.

SECTION 12. C#*t*/ +- !# pa"d. $ T!e 'ee* #' t!e "**"#ner* *!all+e ta7ed a* a part #' t!e *t* #' t!e pr#&eed"n*. All *t*/ e7&ept t!#*e #'r"%al &la"ant* l"t"at"n t!e"r &la"*/ *!all +e pa"d +- t!e pla"nt"''/ unle** anappeal "* taen +- t!e #ner #' t!e pr#pert- and t!e ,udent "* a''"red/ "n!"&! e%ent t!e *t* #' t!e appeal *!all +e pa"d +- t!e #ner.

SECTION 1. Rerd"n ,udent/ and "t* e''e&t. $ T!e ,udent entered

"n e7pr#pr"at"#n pr#&eed"n* *!all *tate de'"n"tel-/ +- an adeuatede*&r"pt"#n/ t!e part"&ular pr#pert- #r "ntere*t t!ere"n e7pr#pr"ated/ and t!enature #' t!e pu+l"& u*e #r purp#*e '#r !"&! "t "* e7pr#pr"ated. !en reale*tate "* e7pr#pr"ated/ a &ert"'"ed p- #' *u&! ,udent *!all +e rerded "nt!e re"*tr- #' deed* #' t!e pla&e "n !"&! t!e pr#pert- "* *"tuated/ and "t*

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e''e&t *!all +e t# %e*t "n t!e pla"nt"'' t!e t"tle t# t!e real e*tate *# de*&r"+ed'#r *u&! pu+l"& u*e #r purp#*e.

SECTION 13. P#er #' uard"an "n *u&! pr#&eed"n*. $ T!e uard"an #ruard"an ad l"te #' a "n#r #r per*#n ,ud"&"all- de&lared t# +e "npetenta-/ "t! t!e appr#%al #' t!e urt '"r*t !ad/ d# and per'#r #n +e!al' #' !"*ard an- a&t/ atter/ #r t!"n re*pe&t"n t!e e7pr#pr"at"#n '#r pu+l"& u*e #r

purp#*e #' pr#pert- +el#n"n t# *u&! "n#r #r per*#n ,ud"&"all- de&lared t#+e "npetent/ !"&! *u&! "n#r #r per*#n ,ud"&"all- de&lared t# +e"npetent uld d# "n *u&! pr#&eed"n* "' !e ere #' ae #r petent.

1. Reu"*"te* '#r e7er&"*e #' r"!t(1) due pr#&e** #' la G pl"an&e "t! t!e rule* *etd#n (Rule 69):(2) pa-ent #' ,u*t pen*at"#n: and() ta"n u*t +e '#r pu+l"& u*e. (4& ua?o" a"d Co.6"c. v. 0a"d e"ure 7dmi"istratio" 19#@)

2. T# *tae* "n e7pr#pr"at"#n pr#&eed"n*a. Deter"nat"#n #' t!e aut!#r"t- #' t!e pla"nt"'' t# e7er&"*e t!e p#er #' e"nent d#a"n

and t!e pr#pr"et- #' "t* e7er&"*e "n t!e nte7t #' t!e 'a&t*. T!"* *tae "* ter"nated +-

e"t!er an #rder #' d"*"**al #' t!e a&t"#n #r #rder #' t!e ndenat"#n de&lar"n t!ate7pr#pr"at"#n "* pr#per and leal. T!e*e #rder* are '"nal and t!ere'#re appeala+le.(&u"icipality of BiGa" v. >arcia 1929)

+. Deter"nat"#n #' ,u*t pen*at"#n T!"* "* d#ne "t! t!e a**"*tan&e #' n#t #re t!ant!ree () "**"#ner*. T!e #rder '"7"n ,u*t pen*at"#n "* al*# '"nal and appeala+le.(I+"d). u*t pen*at"#n "* t# +e deter"ned a* #' t!e date #' t!e ta"n #' t!e pr#pr"et-#r t!e '"l"n #' t!e pla"nt/ !"&!e%er e* '"r*t.

. Ta"n !en t!e #ner "* a&tuall- depr"%ed #r d"*p#**e**ed #' !"* pr#pert-: !en t!ere "* apra&t"&al de*tru&t"#n #r a ater"al "pa"rent #' t!e %alue #' !"* pr#pert- #r !en !e "* depr"%ed#' t!e #rd"nar- u*e t!ere#'. (An*ald# %. Tantu"/ 1;;)

3. De&"*"#nal Rule*

Nap#r %. CA (23)In e7pr#pr"at"#n &a*e* under Se&t"#n #' Rule 69/ t!e #t"#n t# d"*"** t## t!e pla&e #' t!ean*er. n e7pr#pr"at"#n &a*e*/ t!ere "* n# *u&! t!"n a* t!e pla"nt"''* atter #' r"!t t#d"*"** t!e pla"nt pre&"*el- +e&au*e t!e land#ner a- !a%e alread- *u''ered daae* att!e *tart #' t!e ta"n. T!e pla"nt"''* r"!t "n e7pr#pr"at"#n &a*e* t# d"*"** t!e pla"nt !a*ala-* +een *u+,e&t t# urt appr#%al and t# &erta"n nd"t"#n*.

>ard"ll#n %. >-. 4a*"l" (2)An e7pr#pr"at"#n *u"t "* "n&apa+le #' pe&un"ar- e*t"at"#n. A&rd"nl-/ "t 'all* "t!"n t!e

,ur"*d"&t"#n #' re"#nal tr"al urt*/ reardle** #' t!e %alue #' t!e *u+,e&t pr#pert-.

Nat"#nal P#er %. But"erre (1;;1)T!e '#re#"n 'a&t* n*"dered/ t!e a&u"*"t"#n #' t!e r"!t8#'8a- ea*eent 'all* "t!"n t!epur%"e #' t!e p#er #' e"nent d#a"n. Su&! n&lu*"#n '"nd* *upp#rt "n *""lar &a*e* #'

ea*eent #' r"!t8#'8a- !ere t!e Supree C#urt *u*ta"ned t!e aard #' ,u*t pen*at"#n'#r pr"%ate pr#pert- ndened '#r pu+l"& u*e. N#rall-/ #' ur*e/ t!e p#er #' e"nentd#a"n re*ult* "n t!e ta"n #r appr#pr"at"#n #' t"tle t#/ and p#**e**"#n #'/ t!e e7pr#pr"atedpr#pert-: +ut n# ent rea*#n appear* !- *a"d p#er a- n#t +e a%a"led #' t# "p#*e #nl-a +urden up#n t!e #ner #' ndened pr#pert-/ "t!#ut l#** #' t"tle and p#**e**"#n. It "*unue*t"#na+le t!at real pr#pert- a-/ t!r#u! e7pr#pr"at"#n/ +e *u+,e&ted t# an ea*eent #'r"!t8a8a-. F#r t!e*e rea*#n*/ t!e #ner #' t!e pr#pert- e7pr#pr"ated "*/ ent"tled t# a ,u*t

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pen*at"#n/ !"&! *!#uld +e ne"t!er #re n#r le**/ !ene%er "t "* p#**"+le t# ae t!ea**e**ent/ t!an t!e #ne- eu"%alent #' *ad pr#pert-. u*t pen*at"#n !a* ala-* +eenunder*t##d t# +e t!e ,u*t and plete eu"%alent #' S!e l#** !"&! t!e #ner #' t!e t!"ne7pr#pr"ated !a* t# *u''er +- rea*#n #' t!e e7pr#pr"at"#n. T!e pr"&e #r %alue #' t!e land and"t* &!ara&ter at t!e t"e "t a* taen +- t!e B#%ernent are t!e &r"ter"a '#r deter"n"n ,u*tpen*at"#n.

An*ald# %. Tantu" (1;;)

N#rall-/ #' ur*e/ !ere t!e "n*t"tut"#n #' an e7pr#pr"at"#n a&t"#n pre&ede* t!e ta"n #' t!epr#pert- *u+,e&t t!ere#'/ t!e ,u*t pen*at"#n "* '"7ed a* #' t!e t"e #' t!e '"l"n #' t!epla"nt. T!"* "* *# pr#%"ded +- t!e Rule* #' C#urt/ t!e a**upt"#n #' p#**e**"#n +- t!ee7pr#pr"at#r #rd"nar"l- +e"n nd"t"#ned #n "t* dep#*"t* "t! t!e Nat"#nal #r Pr#%"n&"al Trea*urer#' t!e %alue #' t!e pr#pert- a* pr#%"*"#nall- a*&erta"ned +- t!e urt !a%"n ,ur"*d"&t"#n #' t!epr#&eed"n*. T!ere are "n*tan&e*/ !#e%er/ !ere t!e e7pr#pr"at"n aen&- tae* #%er t!epr#pert- pr"#r t# t!e e7pr#pr"at"#n *u"t/ a* "n t!"* &a*ealt!#u!/ t# repeat/ t!e &a*e at +ar "* u"tee7tra#rd"nar- "n t!at p#**e**"#n a* taen +- t!e e7pr#pr"at#r #re t!an 3 -ear* pr"#r t# *u"t.In t!e*e "n*tan&e*/ t!"* C#urt !a* ruled t!at t!e ,u*t pen*at"#n *!all +e deter"ned a* #' t!et"e #' ta"n/ n#t a* #' t!e t"e #' '"l"n #' t!e a&t"#n #' e"nent d#a"n.

>PI %. CA (23)u*t pen*at"#n "* de'"ned a* t!e 'ull and 'a"r eu"%alent #' t!e pr#pert- taen 'r# "t* #ner+- t!e e7pr#pr"at#r. T!e ea*ure "* n#t t!e taer* a"n/ +ut t!e #ner* l#**. T# pen*ate "*t# render *#et!"n !"&! "* eual "n %alue t# t!at taen #r re&e"%ed. T!e #rd ?,u*t@ "* u*ed t#"nten*"'- t!e ean"n #' t!e #rd ?pen*at"#n@: t# n%e- t!e "dea t!at t!e eu"%alent t# +erendered '#r t!e pr#pert- taen *!all +e real/ *u+*tant"al/ 'ull/ aple. In e"nent d#a"n #re7pr#pr"at"#n pr#&eed"n*/ t!e eneral rule "* t!at t!e ,u*t pen*at"#n !"&! t!e #ner #'ndened pr#pert- "* ent"tled t# "* t!e aret %alue. 4aret %alue "* ?t!at *u #' #ne- !"&!

a per*#n de*"r#u* +ut n#t pelled t# +u-/ and an #ner "ll"n +ut n#t pelled t# *ell/ #uldaree #n a* a pr"&e t# +e "%en and re&e"%ed t!ere'#r.@ e '"nd t!at t!e rate "p#*ed +- t!eC#"**"#ner* "* un*u+*tant"ated. N# #''"&"al d#&uent* ere pre*ented t# re'le&t t!e truearet %alue #' t!e *u+,e&t l#t* "n t!e *urr#und"n area. T!e C#"**"#ner* Rep#rt erel-*tate* t!at t!e %alue #' t!e land "* +a*ed #n *ale* and l"*t"n* #' para+le pr#pert- re"*tered"t!"n t!e "ed"ate %"&"n"t- "t!#ut an- e%"den&e t# *upp#rt t!e aret data pr#%"ded.

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t!e nae* and re*"den&e* #' all per*#n* !a%"n #r &la""n an "ntere*t "n t!epr#pert- *u+#rd"nate "n r"!t t# t!at #' t!e !#lder #' t!e #rtae/ all #' !# *!all

+e ade de'endant* "n t!e a&t"#n.

SECTION 2. udent #n '#re&l#*ure '#r pa-ent #r *ale. $ I' up#n t!etr"al "n *u&! a&t"#n t!e urt *!all '"nd t!e 'a&t* *et '#rt! "n t!e pla"nt t#+e true/ "t *!all a*&erta"n t!e a#unt due t# t!e pla"nt"'' up#n t!e #rtae

de+t #r #+l"at"#n/ "n&lud"n "ntere*t and #t!er &!are* a* appr#%ed +- t!eurt/ and *t*/ and *!all render ,udent '#r t!e *u *# '#und due and#rder t!at t!e *ae +e pa"d t# t!e urt #r t# t!e ,udent #+l"ee "t!"n aper"#d #' n#t le** t!an n"net- (;) da-* n#r #re t!an #ne !undred tent-(12) da-* 'r# t!e entr- #' ,udent/ and t!at "n de'ault #' *u&! pa-entt!e pr#pert- *!all +e *#ld at pu+l"& au&t"#n t# *at"*'- t!e ,udent.

SECTION . Sale #' #rtae pr#pert-: e''e&t. $ !en t!e de'endant/a'ter +e"n d"re&ted t# d# *# a* pr#%"ded "n t!e ne7t pre&ed"n *e&t"#n/ 'a"l*t# pa- t!e a#unt #' t!e ,udent "t!"n t!e per"#d *pe&"'"ed t!ere"n/ t!eurt/ up#n #t"#n/ *!all #rder t!e pr#pert- t# +e *#ld "n t!e anner andunder t!e pr#%"*"#n* #' Rule ; and #t!er reulat"#n* #%ern"n *ale* #' reale*tate under e7e&ut"#n. Su&! *ale *!all n#t a''e&t t!e r"!t* #' per*#n*!#ld"n pr"#r en&u+ran&e* up#n t!e pr#pert- #r a part t!ere#'/ and !en

n'"red +- an #rder #' t!e urt/ al*# up#n #t"#n/ "t *!all #perate t#d"%e*t t!e r"!t* "n t!e pr#pert- #' all t!e part"e* t# t!e a&t"#n and t# %e*tt!e"r r"!t* "n t!e pur&!a*er/ *u+,e&t t# *u&! r"!t* #' redept"#n a* a- +eall#ed +- la.

0p#n t!e '"nal"t- #' t!e #rder #' n'"rat"#n #r up#n t!e e7p"rat"#n #' t!eper"#d #' redept"#n !en all#ed +- la/ t!e pur&!a*er at t!e au&t"#n *ale#r la*t redept"#ner/ "' an-/ *!all +e ent"tled t# t!e p#**e**"#n #' t!epr#pert- unle** a t!"rd part- "* a&tuall- !#ld"n t!e *ae ad%er*el- t# t!e,udent #+l"#r. T!e *a"d pur&!a*er #r la*t redept"#ner a- *e&ure a r"t#' p#**e**"#n/ up#n #t"#n/ 'r# t!e urt !"&! #rdered t!e '#re&l#*ure.

SECTION 3. D"*p#*"t"#n #' pr#&eed* #' *ale. $ T!e a#unt real"ed 'r#t!e '#re&l#*ure *ale #' t!e #rtaed pr#pert- *!all/ a'ter dedu&t"n t!e*t* #' t!e *ale/ +e pa"d t# t!e per*#n '#re&l#*"n t!e #rtae/ and !ent!ere *!all +e an- +alan&e #r re*"due/ a'ter pa-"n #'' t!e #rtae de+tdue/ t!e *ae *!all +e pa"d t# ,un"#r en&u+ran&er* "n t!e #rder #' t!e"rpr"#r"t-/ t# +e a*&erta"ned +- t!e urt/ #r "' t!ere +e n# *u&! en&u+ran&er*#r t!ere +e a +alan&e #r re*"due a'ter pa-ent t# t!e/ t!en t# t!e#rta#r #r !"* dul- aut!#r"ed aent/ #r t# per*#n ent"tled t# "t.

SECTION 5. H# *ale t# pr#&eed "n &a*e t!e de+t "* n#t all due. $ I' t!ede+t '#r !"&! t!e #rtae #r en&u+ran&e a* !eld "* n#t all due a*pr#%"ded "n t!e ,udent/ a* *##n a* a *u''"&"ent p#rt"#n #' t!e pr#pert- !a*+een *#ld t# pa- t!e t#tal a#unt and t!e *t* due/ t!e *ale *!all

ter"nate: and a'terard*/ a* #'ten a* #re +ee* due '#r pr"n&"pal #r"ntere*t and #t!er %al"d &!are*/ t!e urt a-/ #n #t"#n/ #rder #re t# +e

*#ld. >ut "' t!e pr#pert- &ann#t +e *#ld "n p#rt"#n* "t!#ut pre,ud"&e t# t!epart"e*/ t!e !#le *!all +e #rdered t# +e *#ld "n t!e '"r*t "n*tan&e/ and t!eent"re de+t and *t* *!all +e pa"d/ "' t!e pr#&eed* #' t!e *ale +e *u''"&"entt!ere'#r/ t!ere +e"n a re+ate #' "ntere*t !ere *u&! re+ate "* pr#per.

SECTION 6. De'"&"en&- ,udent. $ I' up#n t!e *ale #' an- real pr#pert-a* pr#%"ded "n t!e ne7t pre&ed"n *e&t"#n t!ere +e a +alan&e due t# t!e

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pla"nt"'' a'ter appl-"n t!e pr#&eed* #' t!e *ale/ t!e urt/ up#n #t"#n/ *!allrender ,udent aa"n*t t!e de'endant '#r an- *u&! +alan&e '#r !"&!/ +-

t!e rerd #' t!e &a*e/ !e a- +e per*#nall- l"a+le t# t!e pla"nt"''/ up#n!"&! e7e&ut"#n a- "**ue "ed"atel- "' t!e +alan&e "* all due at t!e t"e#' t!e rend"t"#n #' t!e ,udent: #t!er"*e/ t!e pla"nt"'' *!all +e ent"tled t#e7e&ut"#n at *u&! t"e a* t!e +alan&e rea"n"n +ee* due under t!eter* #' t!e #r""nal ntra&t/ !"&! t"e *!all +e *tated "n t!e ,udent.

SECTION 9. Re"*trat"#n. $ A &ert"'"ed p- #' t!e '"nal #rder #' t!e urtn'"r"n t!e *ale *!all +e re"*tered "n t!e re"*tr- #' deed*. I' n# r"!t #'redept"#n e7"*t*/ t!e &ert"'"&ate #' t"tle "n t!e nae #' t!e #rta#r *!all+e &an&elled/ and a ne #ne "**ued "n t!e nae #' t!e pur&!a*er.

!ere a r"!t #' redept"#n e7"*t*/ t!e &ert"'"&ate #' t"tle "n t!e nae #' t!e#rta#r *!all n#t +e &an&elled/ +ut t!e &ert"'"&ate #' *ale and t!e #rdern'"r"n t!e *ale *!all +e re"*tered and a +r"e' e#randu t!ere#'ade +- t!e re"*trar #' deed* up#n t!e &ert"'"&ate #' t"tle. In t!e e%ent t!epr#pert- "* redeeed/ t!e deed #' redept"#n *!all +e re"*tered "t! t!ere"*tr- #' deed*/ and a +r"e' e#randu t!ere#' *!all +e ade +- t!ere"*trar #' deed* #n *a"d &ert"'"&ate #' t"tle.

I' t!e pr#pert- "* n#t redeeed/ t!e '"nal deed #' *ale e7e&uted +- t!e *!er"''"n 'a%#r #' t!e pur&!a*er at t!e '#re&l#*ure *ale *!all +e re"*tered "t! t!ere"*tr- #' deed*: !ereup#n t!e &ert"'"&ate #' t"tle "n t!e nae #' t!e#rta#r *!all +e &an&elled and a ne #ne "**ued "n t!e nae #' t!epur&!a*er.

SECTION


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*!er"''* &ert"'"&ate #' '#re&l#*ure *ale. (Rules of Court Rule 39 $ec.9 e Castro v. 6"termediate 7ppellate Court over"orof t+e +ilippi"e 6sla"ds v. orralba 8iuda de $a"tos [1935])(2) De'"&"en&- ,udent &ann#t +e rendered aa"n*t a n#n8re*"dentde'endant.(l Ba"co spaGolI,ilipi"o v. ala"ca [1912])() N# de'"&"en&- ,udent a- +e rendered aa"n*t t!e #ner !#"* n#t a #rta#r and !a* n#t a**ued per*#nal l"a+"l"t- '#r t!ede+t. T!e reed- "* an #rd"nar- a&t"#n aa"n*t t!e de+t#r.(+ilippi"e rust Co. v. c+aus a" $iua [199])(3) I' t!e de+t#r d"e*/ t!e de'"&"en&- a- +e '"led a* a &la" aa"n*t!"* e*tate. (Rule* #' C#urt/ Rule an #r a +an #r a +an"n"n*t"tut"#n. S"n&e t!e #rtaee "n t!"* &a*e "* n#t #ne #' t!#*e ent"#ned/ n# r"!t #' redept"#ne7"*t* "n 'a%#r #' pet"t"#ner*. T!e- erel- !a%e an eu"t- #' redept"#n/ !"&!/ t# re"terate/ "**"pl- t!e"r r"!t/ a* #rta#r/ t# e7t"nu"*! t!e #rtae and reta"n #ner*!"p #' t!e pr#pert- +-pa-"n t!e *e&ured de+t pr"#r t# t!e n'"rat"#n #' t!e '#re&l#*ure *ale. H#e%er/ "n*tead #'e7er&"*"n t!"* eu"t- #' redept"#n/ pet"t"#ner* &!#*e t# dela- t!e pr#&eed"n* +- '"l"n *e%eralan"'e*tat"#n* "t! t!e tr"al urt. T!u*/ t!e- #nl- !a%e t!e*el%e* t# +lae '#r t!e n*euentl#** #' t!e"r pr#pert-.

. Part"t"#n(Rule 6;)SECTION 1. C#pla"nt "n a&t"#n '#r part"t"#n #' real e*tate. $ A per*#n !a%"nt!e r"!t t# pel t!e part"t"#n #' real e*tate a- d# *# a* "n t!"* Rule/ *ett"n '#rt!"n !"* pla"nt t!e nature and e7tent #' !"* t"tle and an adeuate de*&r"pt"#n #' t!ereal e*tate #' !"&! part"t"#n "* deanded and ,#"n"n a* de'endant* all t!e #t!erper*#n* "ntere*ted "n t!e pr#pert-.

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http://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ig.htm#writhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ig.htm#writhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ig.htm#deficiencyhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ig.htm#deficiencyhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ih.htm#partitionhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ig.htm#writhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ig.htm#deficiencyhttp://www.supremecourt.gov.ph/elibrary/benchbook/Civ_Pro/cvpro_part_3_Ih.htm#partition


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SECTION 2. Order '#r part"t"#n/ and part"t"#n +- areeent t!ereunder.$ I' a'ter t!e tr"al t!e urt '"nd* t!at t!e pla"nt"'' !a* t!e r"!t t!eret#/ "t

*!all #rder t!e part"t"#n #' t!e real e*tate a#n all t!e part"e* "n "ntere*t.T!ereup#n t!e part"e* a-/ "' t!e- are a+le t# aree/ ae t!e part"t"#na#n t!e*el%e* +- pr#per "n*truent* #' n%e-an&e/ and t!e urt *!alln'"r t!e part"t"#n *# areed up#n +- all t!e part"e*/ and *u&! part"t"#n/t#et!er "t! t!e #rder #' t!e urt n'"r"n t!e *ae/ *!all +e rerded"n t!e re"*tr- #' deed* #' t!e pla&e "n !"&! t!e pr#pert- "* *"tuated.

A '"nal #rder de&ree"n pet"t"#n and a&unt"n a- +e appealed +- an-part- ar"e%ed t!ere+-.

SECTION . C#"**"#ner* t# ae part"t"#n !en part"e* 'a"l t# aree.$ I' t!e part"e* are una+le t# aree up#n t!e part"t"#n/ t!e urt *!allapp#"nt n#t #re t!an t!ree () petent and d"*"ntere*ted per*#n* a*"**"#ner* t# ae t!e part"t"#n/ and"n t!e t# *et #'' t# t!epla"nt"'' and t# ea&! part- "n "ntere*t *u&! part and pr#p#rt"#n #' t!epr#pert- a* t!e urt *!all d"re&t.

SECTION 3. Oat! and dut"e* #' "**"#ner*. $ >e'#re a"n *u&!part"t"#n/ t!e "**"#ner* *!all tae and *u+*&r"+e an #at! t!at t!e- "ll

'a"t!'ull- per'#r t!e"r dut"e* a* "**"#ner*/ !"&! #at! *!all +e '"led "nurt "t! t!e #t!er pr#&eed"n* "n t!e &a*e. In a"n t!e part"t"#n/ t!e"**"#ner* *!all %"e and e7a"ne t!e real e*tate/ a'ter due n#t"&e t#t!e part"e* t# attend at *u&! %"e and e7a"nat"#n/ and *!all !ear t!epart"e* a* t# t!e"r pre'eren&e "n t!e p#rt"#n #' t!e pr#pert- t# +e *et apart t#t!e and t!e parat"%e %alue t!ere#'/ and *!all *et apart t!e *ae t# t!epart"e* "n l#t* #r par&el* a* "ll +e #*t ad%antae#u* and eu"ta+le/ !a%"ndue reard t# t!e "pr#%eent*/ *"tuat"#n and ual"t- #' t!e d"''erent part*t!ere#'.

SECTION 5. A**"nent #r *ale #' real e*tate +- "**"#ner*. $ !en"t "* ade t# appear t# t!e "**"#ner* t!at t!e real e*tate/ #r a p#rt"#nt!ere#'/ &ann#t +e d"%"ded "t!#ut pre,ud"&e t# t!e "ntere*t* #' t!e part"e*/t!e urt a- #rder "t a**"ned t# #ne #' t!e part"e* "ll"n t# tae t!e*ae/ pr#%"ded !e pa-* t# t!e #t!er part"e* *u&! a#unt* #' t!e"**"#ner* dee eu"ta+le/ unle** #ne #' t!e "ntere*ted part"e* a** t!att!e pr#pert- +e *#ld "n*tead #' +e"n *# a**"ned/ "n !"&! &a*e t!e urt*!all #rder t!e "**"#ner* t# *ell t!e real e*tate at pu+l"& *ale under *u&!nd"t"#n* and "t!"n *u&! t"e a* t!e urt a- deter"ne.

SECTION 6. Rep#rt #' "**"#ner*: pr#&eed"n* n#t +"nd"n unt"ln'"red. $ T!e "**"#ner* *!all ae a 'ull and a&&urate rep#rt t# t!eurt #' all t!e"r pr#&eed"n* a* t# t!e part"t"#n/ #r t!e a**"nent #' reale*tate t# #ne #' t!e part"e*/ #r t!e *ale #' t!e *ae. 0p#n t!e '"l"n #' *u&!rep#rt/ t!e &ler #' urt *!all *er%e p"e* t!ere#' #n all t!e "ntere*ted

part"e* "t! n#t"&e t!at t!e- are all#ed ten (1) da-* "t!"n !"&! t# '"le#+,e&t"#n* t# t!e '"nd"n* #' t!e rep#rt/ "' t!e- *# de*"re. N# pr#&eed"n !ad

+e'#re #r ndu&ted +- t!e "**"#ner* *!all pa** t!e t"tle t# t!e pr#pert-#r +"nd t!e part"e* unt"l t!e urt *!all !a%e a&&epted t!e rep#rt #' t!e"**"#ner* and rendered ,udent t!ere#n.

SECTION 9. A&t"#n #' t!e urt up#n "**"#ner*= rep#rt. $ 0p#n t!ee7p"rat"#n #' t!e per"#d #' ten (1) da-* re'erred t# "n t!e pre&ed"n *e&t"#n/#r e%en +e'#re t!e e7p"rat"#n #' *u&! per"#d +ut a'ter t!e "ntere*ted part"e*

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!a%e '"led t!e"r #+,e&t"#n* t# t!e rep#rt #r t!e"r *tateent #' areeentt!ere"t!/ t!e urt a-/ up#n !ear"n/ a&&ept t!e rep#rt and render

,udent "n a&rdan&e t!ere"t!: #r/ '#r &au*e *!#n/ re"t t!e *aet# t!e "**"#ner* '#r 'urt!er rep#rt #' 'a&t*: #r *et a*"de t!e rep#rt andapp#"nt ne "**"#ner*: #r a&&ept t!e rep#rt "n part and re,e&t "t "n part:and a- ae *u&! #rder and render *u&! ,udent a* *!all e''e&tuate a'a"r and ,u*t part"t"#n #' t!e real e*tate/ #r #' "t* %alue/ "' a**"ned #r *#ld a*a+#%e pr#%"ded/ +eteen t!e *e%eral #ner* t!ere#'.

SECTION


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'r# a"n an a"&a+le part"t"#n t!ere#' +- areeent and *u"ta+le"n*truent* #' n%e-an&e "t!#ut reur*e t# an a&t"#n.

SECTION 1. Part"t"#n #' per*#nal pr#pert-. $ T!e pr#%"*"#n* #' t!"* Rule*!all appl- t# part"t"#n* #' e*tate* p#*ed #' per*#nal pr#pert-/ #r #' +#t!real and per*#nal pr#pert-/ "n *# 'ar a* t!e *ae a- +e appl"&a+le.

1. T# *tae* #' t!e a&t"#n(1) etermi"atio" of t+e propriety of partitio". T!"* "n%#l%e* a

deter"nat"#n #' !et!er t!e *u+,e&t pr#pert- "* #ned "n#n and !et!er all t!e #ner* are ade part"e* "nt!e &a*e. T!e #rder a- al*# reu"re an a&unt"n #' rent*

and pr#'"t* re%ered +- t!e de'endant. T!"* #rder #' part"t"#n"* appeala+le. (&ira"da v. Court of 7ppeals


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unla'ull- "t!!#ld"n #r depr"%"n #' p#**e**"#n/ #r an- per*#n #r per*#n* &la""nunder t!e/ '#r t!e re*t"tut"#n #' *u&! p#**e**"#n/ t#et!er "t! daae* and *t*.

SECTION 2. Le**#r t# pr#&eed aa"n*t le**ee #nl- a'ter deand. $0nle** #t!er"*e *t"pulated/ *u&! a&t"#n +- t!e le**#r *!all +e en&ed#nl- a'ter deand t# pa- #r pl- "t! t!e nd"t"#n* #' t!e lea*e and t#%a&ate "* ade up#n t!e le**ee/ #r +- *er%"n r"tten n#t"&e #' *u&! deand

up#n t!e per*#n '#und #n t!e pre"*e*/ #r +- p#*t"n *u&! n#t"&e #n t!epre"*e* "' n# per*#n +e '#und t!ere#n/ and t!e le**ee 'a"l* t# pl-t!ere"t! a'ter '"'teen (15) da-* "n t!e &a*e #' land #r '"%e (5) da-* "n t!e&a*e #' +u"ld"n*.

SECTION . Suar- pr#&edure. $ E7&ept "n &a*e* %ered +- t!ear"&ultural tenan&- la* #r !en t!e la #t!er"*e e7pre**l- pr#%"de*/ alla&t"#n* '#r '#r&"+le entr- and unla'ul deta"ner/ "rre*pe&t"%e #' t!e a#unt #'daae* #r unpa"d rental* *#u!t t# +e re%ered/ *!all +e #%erned +- t!e*uar- pr#&edure !ereunder pr#%"ded.

SECTION 3. Plead"n* all#ed. $ T!e #nl- plead"n* all#ed t# +e '"ledare t!e pla"nt/ pul*#r- unter&la" and &r#**8&la" pleaded "n t!ean*er/ and t!e an*er* t!eret#. All plead"n* *!all +e %er"'"ed.

SECTION 5. A&t"#n #n pla"nt. $ T!e urt a-/ 'r# an e7a"nat"#n#' t!e alleat"#n* "n t!e pla"nt and *u&! e%"den&e a* a- +e atta&!edt!eret#/ d"*"** t!e &a*e #utr"!t #n an- #' t!e r#und* '#r t!e d"*"**al #'a &"%"l a&t"#n !"&! are apparent t!ere"n. I' n# r#und '#r d"*"**al "* '#und/"t *!all '#rt!"t! "**ue *u#n*.

SECTION 6. An*er. $ "t!"n ten (1) da-* 'r# *er%"&e #' *u#n*/t!e de'endant *!all '"le !"* an*er t# t!e pla"nt and *er%e a p- t!ere#'

#n t!e pla"nt"''. A''"rat"%e and neat"%e de'en*e* n#t pleaded t!ere"n *!all+e deeed a"%ed/ e7&ept la& #' ,ur"*d"&t"#n #%er t!e *u+,e&t atter.Cr#**8&la"* and pul*#r- unter&la"* n#t a**erted "n t!e an*er *!all+e n*"dered +arred. T!e an*er t# unter&la"* #r &r#**8&la"* *!all +e

*er%ed and '"led "t!"n ten (1) da-* 'r# *er%"&e #' t!e an*er "n !"&!t!e- are pleaded.

SECTION 9. E''e&t #' 'a"lure #n an*er. $ S!#uld t!e de'endant 'a"l t#an*er t!e pla"nt "t!"n t!e per"#d a+#%e pr#%"ded/ t!e urt #tupr#pr"# #r #n #t"#n #' t!e pla"nt"''/ *!all render ,udent a* a- +earranted +- t!e 'a&t* alleed "n t!e pla"nt and l""ted t# !at "* pra-ed'#r t!ere"n. T!e urt a- "n "t* d"*&ret"#n redu&e t!e a#unt #' daae*and att#rne-=* 'ee* &la"ed '#r +e"n e7&e**"%e #r #t!er"*e unn*&"#na+le/"t!#ut pre,ud"&e t# t!e appl"&a+"l"t- #' *e&t"#n (&)/ Rule ; "' t!ere are t##r #re de'endant*.

SECTION


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a&rdan&e "t! t!e ne7t pre&ed"n *e&t"#n. All &r#**8&la"* *!all +ed"*"**ed. (9/ RSP)

I' a *#le de'endant *!all 'a"l t# appear/ t!e pla"nt"'' *!all l"e"*e +e ent"tledt# ,udent "n a&rdan&e "t! t!e ne7t pre&ed"n *e&t"#n. T!"* pr#&edure*!all n#t appl- !ere #ne #' t# #r #re de'endant* *ued under a #n&au*e #' a&t"#n !# !ad pleaded a #n de'en*e *!all appear at t!eprel""nar- n'eren&e.

N# p#*tp#neent #' t!e prel""nar- n'eren&e *!all +e ranted e7&ept '#r!"!l- er"t#r"#u* r#und* and "t!#ut pre,ud"&e t# *u&! *an&t"#n* a* t!eurt "n t!e e7er&"*e #' *#und d"*&ret"#n a- "p#*e #n t!e #%ant.

SECTION ;. Rerd #' prel""nar- n'eren&e. $ "t!"n '"%e (5) da-*a'ter t!e ter"nat"#n #' t!e prel""nar- n'eren&e/ t!e urt *!all "**ue an#rder *tat"n t!e atter* taen up t!ere"n/ "n&lud"n +ut n#t l""ted t#1. !et!er t!e part"e* !a%e arr"%ed at an a"&a+le *ettleent/ and "'*#/ t!e ter* t!ere#':2. T!e *t"pulat"#n* #r ad"**"#n* entered "nt# +- t!e part"e*:. !et!er/ #n t!e +a*"* #' t!e plead"n* and t!e *t"pulat"#n* andad"**"#n* ade +- t!e part"e*/ ,udent a- +e rendered "t!#ut t!eneed #' 'urt!er pr#&eed"n*/ "n !"&! e%ent t!e ,udent *!all +e rendered"t!"n t!"rt- () da-* 'r# "**uan&e #' t!e #rder:3. A &lear *pe&"'"&at"#n #' ater"al 'a&t* !"&! rea"n ntr#%erted: and5. Su&! #t!er atter* "ntended t# e7ped"te t!e d"*p#*"t"#n #' t!e &a*e.

SECTION 1. Su+"**"#n #' a''"da%"t* and p#*"t"#n paper*. $ "t!"n ten(1) da-* 'r# re&e"pt #' t!e #rder ent"#ned "n t!e ne7t pre&ed"n *e&t"#n/t!e part"e* *!all *u+"t t!e a''"da%"t* #' t!e"r "tne**e* and #t!er e%"den&e#n t!e 'a&tual "**ue* de'"ned "n t!e #rder/ t#et!er "t! t!e"r p#*"t"#n paper**ett"n '#rt! t!e la and t!e 'a&t* rel"ed up#n +- t!e.

SECTION 11. Per"#d '#r rend"t"#n #' ,udent. $ "t!"n t!"rt- () da-*a'ter re&e"pt #' t!e a''"da%"t* and p#*"t"#n paper*/ #r t!e e7p"rat"#n #' t!e

per"#d '#r '"l"n t!e *ae/ t!e urt *!all render ,udent.

H#e%er/ *!#uld t!e urt '"nd "t ne&e**ar- t# &lar"'- &erta"n ater"al 'a&t*/ "ta-/ dur"n t!e *a"d per"#d/ "**ue an #rder *pe&"'-"n t!e atter* t# +e&lar"'"ed/ and reu"re t!e part"e* t# *u+"t a''"da%"t* #r #t!er e%"den&e #n t!e*a"d atter* "t!"n ten (1) da-* 'r# re&e"pt #' *a"d #rder. udent *!all+e rendered "t!"n '"'teen (15) da-* a'ter t!e re&e"pt #' t!e la*t a''"da%"t #rt!e e7p"rat"#n #' t!e per"#d '#r '"l"n t!e *ae.

T!e urt *!all n#t re*#rt t# t!e '#re#"n pr#&edure ,u*t t# a"n t"e '#r t!erend"t"#n #' t!e ,udent.

SECTION 12. Re'erral '#r n&"l"at"#n. $ Ca*e* reu"r"n re'erral '#rn&"l"at"#n/ !ere t!ere "* n# *!#"n #' pl"an&e "t! *u&! reu"reent/

*!all +e d"*"**ed "t!#ut pre,ud"&e/ and a- +e re%"%ed #nl- a'ter t!atreu"reent *!all !a%e +een pl"ed "t!.

SECTION 1. Pr#!"+"ted plead"n* and #t"#n*. $ T!e '#ll#"n pet"t"#n*/#t"#n*/ #r plead"n* *!all n#t +e all#ed1. 4#t"#n t# d"*"** t!e pla"nt e7&ept #n t!e r#und #' la& #',ur"*d"&t"#n #%er t!e *u+,e&t atter/ #r 'a"lure t# pl- "t! *e&t"#n 12:

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2. 4#t"#n '#r a +"ll part"&ular*:. 4#t"#n '#r ne tr"al/ #r '#r ren*"derat"#n #' a ,udent/ #r '#r

re#pen"n #' tr"al:3. Pet"t"#n '#r rel"e' 'r# ,udent:5. 4#t"#n '#r e7ten*"#n #' t"e t# '"le plead"n*/ a''"da%"t* #r an- #t!erpaper:6. 4e#randa:9. Pet"t"#n '#r &ert"#rar"/ andau*/ #r pr#!"+"t"#n aa"n*t an-"nterl#&ut#r- #rder "**ued +- t!e urt:


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p#**e**"#n #nl- and "n n# "*e +"nd t!e t"tle #r a''e&t t!e #ner*!"p #' t!eland #r +u"ld"n. Su&! ,udent *!all n#t +ar an a&t"#n +eteen t!e *ae

part"e* re*pe&t"n t"tle t# t!e land #r +u"ld"n.

T!e ,udent #r '"nal #rder *!all +e appeala+le t# t!e appr#pr"ate Re"#nalTr"al C#urt !"&! *!all de&"de t!e *ae #n t!e +a*"* #' t!e ent"re rerd #'t!e pr#&eed"n* !ad "n t!e urt #' #r""n and *u&! e#randa and#r +r"e'*

a- +e *u+"tted +- t!e part"e* #r reu"red +- t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt.

SECTION 1;. Ied"ate e7e&ut"#n #' ,udent: !# t# *ta- *ae. $ I',udent "* rendered aa"n*t t!e de'endant/ e7e&ut"#n *!all "**ue"ed"atel- up#n #t"#n/ unle** an appeal !a* +een per'e&ted and t!ede'endant t# *ta- e7e&ut"#n '"le* a *u''"&"ent *uper*edea* +#nd/ appr#%ed +-t!e 4un"&"pal Tr"al C#urt and e7e&uted "n 'a%#r #' t!e pla"nt"'' t# pa- t!erent*/ daae*/ and a&&ru"n d#n t# t!e t"e #' t!e ,udent appealed'r#/ and unle**/ dur"n t!e penden&- #' t!e appeal/ !e dep#*"t* "t! t!eappellate urt t!e a#unt #' rent due 'r# t"e t# t"e under t!e ntra&t/"' an-/ a* deter"ned +- t!e ,udent #' t!e 4un"&"pal Tr"al C#urt. In t!ea+*en&e #' a ntra&t/ !e *!all dep#*"t "t! t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt t!erea*#na+le %alue #' t!e u*e and #&&upat"#n #' t!e pre"*e* '#r t!e pre&ed"n#nt! #r per"#d at t!e rate deter"ned +- t!e ,udent #' t!e l#er urt

#n #r +e'#re t!e tent! da- #' ea&! *u&&eed"n #nt! #r per"#d. T!e*uper*edea* +#nd *!all +e tran*"tted +- t!e 4un"&"pal Tr"al C#urt/ "t! t!e#t!er paper*/ t# t!e &ler #' t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt t# !"&! t!e a&t"#n "*appealed.

All a#unt* *# pa"d t# t!e appellate urt *!all +e dep#*"ted "t! *a"d urt#r aut!#r"ed #%ernent dep#*"tar- +an/ and and *!all +e !eld t!ere unt"lt!e '"nal d"*p#*"t"#n #' t!e appeal/ unle** t!e urt/ +- areeent #' t!e"ntere*ted part"e*/ #r "n t!e a+*en&e #' rea*#na+le r#und* #' #pp#*"t"#n t# a#t"#n t# "t!dra/ #r '#r ,u*t"'"a+le rea*#n*/ *!all de&ree #t!er"*e. S!#uldt!e de'endant 'a"l t# ae t!e pa-ent* a+#%e pre*&r"+ed 'r# t"e t# t"edur"n t!e penden&- #' t!e appeal/ t!e appellate urt/ up#n #t"#n #' t!epla"nt"''/ and up#n pr##' #' *u&! 'a"lure/ *!all #rder t!e e7e&ut"#n #' t!e

,udent appealed 'r# "t! re*pe&t t# t!e re*t#rat"#n #' p#**e**"#n/ +ut*u&! e7e&ut"#n *!all n#t +e a +ar t# t!e appeal ta"n "t* ur*e unt"l t!e'"nal d"*p#*"t"#n t!ere#' #n t!e er"t*.

A'ter t!e &a*e "* de&"ded +- t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt/ an- #ne- pa"d t# t!eurt +- t!e de'endant '#r purp#*e* #' t!e *ta- #' e7e&ut"#n *!all +ed"*p#*ed #' "n a&rdan&e "t! t!e pr#%"*"#n* #' t!e ,udent #' t!eRe"#nal Tr"al C#urt. In an- &a*e !ere"n "t appear* t!at t!e de'endant !a*+een depr"%ed #' t!e la'ul p#**e**"#n #' land #r +u"ld"n pend"n t!e appeal+- %"rtue #' t!e e7e&ut"#n #' t!e ,udent #' t!e 4un"&"pal Tr"al C#urtdaae* '#r *u&! depr"%at"#n #' p#**e**"#n and re*t#rat"#n #' p#**e**"#na- +e all#ed t!e de'endant "n t!e ,udent #' t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urtd"*p#*"n #' t!e appeal.

SECTION 2. Prel""nar- andat#r- "n,un&t"#n "n &a*e #' appeal. $ 0p#n#t"#n #' t!e pla"nt"''/ "t!"n ten (1) da-* 'r# t!e per'e&t"#n #' t!e appealt# t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt/ t!e latter a- "**ue a r"t #' prel""nar-andat#r- "n,un&t"#n t# re*t#re t!e pla"nt"'' "n p#**e**"#n "' t!e urt "**at"*'"ed t!at t!e de'endant=* appeal "* 'r"%#l#u* #r d"lat#r-/ #r t!at t!eappeal #' t!e pla"nt"'' "* pr"a 'a&"e er"t#r"#u*.

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SECTION 21. Ied"ate e7e&ut"#n #n appeal t# C#urt #' Appeal* #r

Supree C#urt. $ T!e ,udent #' t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt aa"n*t t!ede'endant *!all +e "ed"atel- e7e&ut#r-/ "t!#ut pre,ud"&e t# a 'urt!erappeal t!at a- +e taen t!ere'r#.

1. Nature #' a&&"#n "nterd"&tal

It "*(1) a *pe&"al &"%"l a&t"#n "n%#l%"n a realt-:(2) *u+,e&t t# t!e Rule* #n Suar- Pr#&edure:() under t!e #r""nal e7&lu*"%e ,ur"*d"&t"#n #' '"r*t le%el urt*:(3) nature #' t!e a&t"#n "* deter"ned +- t!e alleat"#n #' t!e

pla"nt and t!e &!ara&ter #' t!e rel"e' *#u!t: (7bri" v. Campos1991)and(5) #ne #ner a- "n*t"tute t!e a&t"#n.

2. Ied"ate e7e&ut"#n and !# t# *ta- "tA de&"*"#n e,e&t"n t!e de'endant "n a '#r&"+le entr- #r unla'uldeta"ner &a*e "* "ed"atel- e7e&ut#r-. >ut t!e ,ude *!#uld n#t#rder "ed"ate e7e&ut"#n "n !"* de&"*"#n.(0u v. $iap"o @@@)T!ereu*t +e n#t"&e #' t!e ,udent (y v. C7 1991) and a #t"#n "t!

n#t"&e t# t!e ad%er*e part-.(Ja' v. 7"u"ciacio")

T# *ta- e7e&ut"#n/ t!e de'endant *!#uld(1) per'e&t !"* appeal "n due t"e:(2) '"le* a *u''"&"ent supersedeas+#nd/ appr#%ed +- t!e 4un"&"palTr"al C#urt: and() dur"n t!e penden&- #' t!e appeal/ *!e dep#*"t* "t! t!eappellate urt t!e a#unt #' rent due 'r# t"e t# t"e under t!entra&t/ "' an-/ a* deter"ned +- t!e ,udent #' t!e 4un"&"pal Tr"alC#urt #n #r +e'#re t!e tent! (1t!) da- #' ea&! *u&&eed"n #nt!.(Rule* #' C#urt/ Rule 9/ Se&. 1;) >ut up#n #t"#n #' t!e pla"nt"''"t!"n ten (1) da-* 'r# t!e per'e&t"#n #' t!e appeal t# t!eRe"#nal Tr"al C#urt/ t!e urt a- *t"ll "**ue a prel""nar-andat#r- "n,un&t"#n t# re*t#re t!e pla"nt"'' "n p#**e**"#n "' t!e urt

"* *at"*'"ed t!at t!e de'endant* appeal "* 'r"%#l#u* #r d"lat#r-/ #r t!att!e appeal #' t!e pla"nt"'' "*prima facieer"t#r"#u*. (I+"d./ Se&. 2)

. ur"*d"&t"#nal Reu"reent* '#r 0nla'ul Deta"ner

In unla'ul deta"ner/ pr"#r p!-*"&al p#**e**"#n +- t!e pla"nt"'' "* n#tne&e**ar-. It "* en#u! t!at pla"nt"'' !a* a +etter r"!t #' p#**e**"#n. A&tual/pr"#r p!-*"&al p#**e**"#n #' a pr#pert- +- a part- "* "nd"*pen*a+le #nl- "n'#r&"+le entr- &a*e*. In unla'ul deta"ner &a*e*/ t!e de'endant "* ne&e**ar"l-"n pr"#r la'ul p#**e**"#n #' t!e pr#pert- +ut !"* p#**e**"#n e%entuall-+ee* unla'ul up#n ter"nat"#n #r e7p"rat"#n #' !"* r"!t t# p#**e**. Int!"* &a*e '#r e,e&tent/ pr"%ate re*p#ndent* alleat"#n* *u''"&"entl- pre*ent a&a*e #' unla'ul deta"ner. S!e alleed t!at (1) *!e #n* L#t 1229: (2) *!e

t#lerated pet"t"#ner* t# n*tru&t t!e"r !#u*e* t!ere#n: () *!e "t!dre !er

t#leran&e: and (3) pet"t"#ner* re'u*ed t# !eed !er deand t# %a&ate t!e l#t.(Ban"la %. CA/ 25)

3. ur"*d"&t"#nal Reu"reent* '#r F#r&"+le Entr-

In a&t"#n* '#r '#r&"+le entr-/ t!e la tell* u* t!at t# alleat"#n* areandat#r- '#r t!e un"&"pal urt t# a&u"re ,ur"*d"&t"#n F"r*t/ t!e pla"nt"''

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u*t allee pr"#r p!-*"&al p#**e**"#n #' t!e pr#pert-. Send/ !e u*t al*#allee t!at !e a* depr"%ed #' !"* p#**e**"#n +- an- #' t!e ean* pr#%"ded'#r "n Se&t"#n 1/ Rule 9 #' t!e Rule* #' C#urt. (D#al*"n %. Sp* Valen&"an#26)

5. Ip#rtant de&"*"#nal rule* #n unla'ul deta"nerand '#r&"+le entr-

A %enant t# rene a lea*e ntra&t !"&! ae* n#pr#%"*"#n a* t# t!e reneal #r e7ten*"#n "pl"e* an e7ten*"#n#r reneal up#n t!e *ae ter* a* pr#%"ded "n t!e #r""nallea*e ntra&t. (0edesma v. 4avella"a 1923)

An a&t"#n '#r e,e&tent "* n#t a+ated +- t!e deat! #' t!ede'endant. (8da. de $ala?ar v. Court of 7ppeals >. R. ). (Bara"da v.adios 192#)

T!e le**ee "* n#t per"tted t# den- t!e le**#r=* t"tle. (Rule* #'C#urt/ Rule 11/ Se&. (+) Reyes v. 8illaflor19!1)

A per*#n !# #&&up"e* t!e land #' an#t!er at t!e latter=*t#leran&e #r per"**"#n/ "t!#ut an- ntra&t +eteen t!e "*ne&e**ar"l- +#und +- an "pl"ed pr#"*e t!at !e "ll %a&ateup#n deand/ 'a"l"n !"&! an a&t"#n '#r unla'ul deta"ner

a- +e "n*t"tuted aa"n*t !". (a*udao v. Co"solacio"1923)T!"* rule a* t# t#leran&e d#e* n#t !#ld true "n a &a*e !ere t!erea* '#r&"+le entr- at t!e *tart/ +ut t!e la'ul p#**e**#r d"d n#tattept t# #u*t t!e "ntruder '#r #%er #ne (1) -ear/ and #nl-t!erea'ter '"led '#r&"+le entr- *u"t '#ll#"n deand t# %a&ate.(&uGo? v. C7 199)

El*e"*e *tated/ t!e t#leran&e u*t +e pre*ented r"!t 'r#

t!e *tart #' p#**e**"#n *#u!t t# +e re%ered t# &ate#r"e a&au*e #' a&t"#n a* #ne #' unla'ul deta"ner. (Refu/ia v. C7199!)

Deand up#n a tenant a- +e #ral. (4a*i+aca v. 7-ui"o199@) I' deand "* ade up#n t!e per*#n '#und #n t!epre"*e*/ "t u*t +e d#ne +- *er%"n up#n !" n#t"&e #' *u&!deand #r +- p#*t"n *u&! n#t"&e #n t!e pre"*e* "' n#per*#n +e '#und t!ere#n. (Rule* #' C#urt/ Rule 9/ Se&. 2)

!en 'a"lure t# pa- rent #r pl- "t! t!e nd"t"#n #' lea*e"* t!e r#und '#r e,e&tent/ pla"nt"'' *!#uld "%e t# (2)deand*(1) deand t# pa- rental #r pl- "t! nd"t"#n* #' t!e lea*eand "' t!"* "* n#t pl"ed "t!/(2) deand t# %a&ate "t!"n '"'teen (15) da-* "n &a*e #' land #r'"%e (5) da-* "n &a*e #' +u"ld"n* 'r# n#t"&e t!ere#'. T!e t# (2)

deand* a- +e e+#d"ed "n #ne (1) letter.(=obel v. 7breu195!)Deand t# pa- #r pl- ae* le**ee a de'#r&"ant !"ledeand t# pa- and %a&ate "* a reu"reent '#r '"l"n t!e a&t"#n'#r unla'ul deta"ner.

!en t!e lea*e !a* e7p"red/ t!ere "* n# need #' pr"#r deandt# %a&ate. T!e le**#r &an "ed"atel- '"le an a&t"#n '#re,e&tent. Deand "* ne&e**ar- #nl- !en t!e r#und '#r

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e,e&tent "* 'a"lure t# pa- rent #r pl- "t! t!e nd"t"#n*#' t!e lea*e.(Co iamco v. ia? [19;!))

N#t"&e and deand t# %a&ate "*/ !#e%er/ reu"red #n alea*e #n a #nt!8t#8#nt! per"#d t# render e''e&t"%e t!eter"nat"#n #' t!e lea*e up#n t!e e7p"rat"#n #' t!e #nt!/ andpre%ent an "pl"ed reneal #' t!e lea*e. (Rivera v. ,lore"do Kapv. Cru? 199)

T!e n#t"&e pr#%"*"#n "* t!e #ne "%en a'ter t!e e7p"rat"#n #'t!e lea*e per"#d '#r t!e purp#*e #' a+#rt"n an "pl"ed reneal #'t!e lea*e. (>amboas 6"corporated v. C7 19#!)

An alternat"%e deand t# e"t!er rene t!e e7p"red lea*entra&t at a !"!er rental rate #r %a&ate "* n#t a de'"n"tedeand t# %a&ate and t!ere'#re/ "n*u''"&"ent +a*"* '#r t!e '"l"n#' an a&t"#n '#r unla'ul deta"ner. (e"as 4r. v. C7 199;)

!en t!ere "* n# de'"n"te per"#d '#r a lea*e +ut rental "* pa"d'r# #nt! t# #nt!/ t!en under Art"&le 16


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'#r de'eat"n t!e a&t"#n '#r e,e&tent. !"le t!ere a- +e"dent"t- #' part"e* and *u+,e&t atter "n t!e t# (2) a&t"#n*/ t!e"**ue* "n%#l%ed and t!e rel"e'* pra-ed '#r are n#t t!e *ae. Int!e annulent and ren%e-an&e *u"t/ t!e "**ue "* t!e %al"d"t- #'t!e #rtae and t!e *u+*euent '#re&l#*ure *ale/ !erea* t!e"**ue "n t!e e,e&tent &a*e "* !et!er/ a**u"n t!e #rtaeand '#re&l#*ure *ale t# +e %al"d/ pr"%ate re*p#ndent !a* t!e r"!tt# tae p#**e**"#n #' t!e pr#pert-. In t!e '#rer &a*e/ t!e rel"e'pra-ed '#r "* re%er- #' #ner*!"p #' t!e *u+,e&t land/ !"le t!elatter/ "t "* t!e re*t#rat"#n #' p#**e**"#n t!ere#' t# pr"%atere*p#ndent. Hen&e/ t!e 4etr#p#l"tan Tr"al C#urt &an %al"dl- tr-t!e e,e&tent &a*e e%en !"le t!e annulent *u"t "* +e"nl"t"ated "n t!e Re"#nal Tr"al C#urt. (Fel"&"an# %. CA/ 1;;


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(a) 4"*+e!a%"#r #' an #''"&er #' a urt "n t!e per'#ran&e #' !"*#''"&"al dut"e* #r "n !"* #''"&"al tran*a&t"#n*:

(+) D"*#+ed"en&e #' #r re*"*tan&e t# a la'ul r"t/ pr#&e**/ #rder/#r ,udent #' a urt/ "n&lud"n t!e a&t #' a per*#n !#/ a'ter +e"nd"*p#**e**ed #r e,e&ted 'r# an- real pr#pert- +- t!e ,udent #rpr#&e** #' an- urt #' petent ,ur"*d"&t"#n/ enter* #r attept* #r"ndu&e* an#t!er t# enter "nt# #r up#n *u&! real pr#pert-/ '#r t!epurp#*e #' e7e&ut"n a&t* #' #ner*!"p #r p#**e**"#n/ #r "n an-anner d"*tur+* t!e p#**e**"#n "%en t# t!e per*#n ad,uded t# +eent"tled t!eret#:(&) An- a+u*e #' #r an- unla'ul "nter'eren&e "t! t!e pr#&e** #rpr#&eed"n* #' a urt n#t n*t"tut"n d"re&t ntept under *e&t"#n1 #' t!"* Rule:(d) An- "pr#per ndu&t tend"n/ d"re&tl- #r "nd"re&tl-/ t#"pede/ #+*tru&t/ #r derade t!e ad"n"*trat"#n #' ,u*t"&e:(e) A**u"n t# +e an att#rne- #r an #''"&er #' a urt/ anda&t"n a* *u&! "t!#ut aut!#r"t-:(') Fa"lure t# #+e- a *u+p#ena dul- *er%ed:() T!e re*&ue/ #r attepted re*&ue/ #' a per*#n #r pr#pert- "nt!e &u*t#d- #' an #''"&er +- %"rtue #' an #rder #r pr#&e** #' a urt!eld +- !".>ut n#t!"n "n t!"* *e&t"#n *!all +e *# n*trued a* t# pre%ent t!eurt 'r# "**u"n pr#&e** t# +r"n t!e re*p#ndent "nt# urt/ #r 'r#!#ld"n !" "n &u*t#d- pend"n *u&! pr#&eed"n*.

SECTION 3. H# pr#&eed"n* en&ed. $ Pr#&eed"n* '#r"nd"re&t ntept a- +e "n"t"ated #tu pr#pr"# +- t!e urt aa"n*t!"&! t!e ntept a* "tted +- an #rder #r an- #t!er '#ral&!are reu"r"n t!e re*p#ndent t# *!# &au*e !- !e *!#uld n#t +epun"*!ed '#r ntept.

In all #t!er &a*e*/ &!are* '#r "nd"re&t ntept *!all +e en&ed+- a %er"'"ed pet"t"#n "t! *upp#rt"n part"&ular* and &ert"'"ed truep"e* #' d#&uent* #r paper* "n%#l%ed t!ere"n/ and up#n 'ullpl"an&e "t! t!e reu"reent* '#r '"l"n "n"t"at#r- plead"n* '#r&"%"l a&t"#n* "n t!e urt n&erned. I' t!e ntept &!are* ar#*e#ut #' #r are related t# a pr"n&"pal a&t"#n pend"n "n t!e urt/ t!epet"t"#n '#r ntept *!all allee t!at 'a&t +ut *a"d pet"t"#n *!all +ed#&eted/ !eard and de&"ded *eparatel-/ unle** t!e urt "n "t*d"*&ret"#n #rder* t!e n*#l"dat"#n #' t!e ntept &!are and t!epr"n&"pal a&t"#n '#r ,#"nt !ear

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