ED 273 253 IR 012 253 The Educators' Handbook to ...ED 273 253 IR 012 253 AUTHOR Schwartz, Ed TITLE The Educators' Handbook to Interactive Videodisc. INSTITUTION Association for Educational

ED 273 253 IR 012 253

AUTHOR Schwartz, EdTITLE The Educators' Handbook to Interactive Videodisc.INSTITUTION Association for Educational Communications and

Technology, Washingtem, D.C.REPORT NO ISBN-0-89240-049-8PUB DATE 85NOTE 101p.AVAILABLE FROM Association for Educational Communications and

Technology, 1126 16th Street NW, Washington, DC20036.

PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) -- ReferenceMaterials - Directories/Catalogs (132)

EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from ED2S.DESCRIPTORS Computer Software; *Educational Television; Equipment

Maintenance; *Interactive Video; *Videodisks; *VideoEquipment

ABSTRACTThis overview of interactive videodisc techaology is

designed to assist educators in finding the appropriate equipment andsoftware for any specific application. The handbook may also serve asa starting point for many educators who know nothing of thetechnology and assist them in deciding whether this technology isworth pursuing as an educational tool in specific situations.Although not comprehensive, the listings reflect a good portion ofthe videodisc-related products available today and the prices providea good indication of the general price range of specific items. Thehandbook contains 10 chapters: (1) Introduction to Videodiscs; (2)Overview of Laser Disc Systems; (3) Selecting a Laser VideodiscPlayer; (4) Video Playback Units; (5) Videodisc Interface Units; (6)Disc Player Peripherals; (7) Videodisc System Packages; (8)Educational Videodisc Software; (9) Interactive Videodisc AuthoringLanguages; and (10) Videodisc Care and Maintenance. Appendicesinclude directories of laser disc players; television monitors andprojects; laser disc interfaces; laser disc peripherals; laser discsystem packages; videodisc software (listed by subject area);videodisc mastering options; interactive authoring languages; serviceinformation; and videodisc resources, which includes a manufacturer'sindex. (DJR)

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ons supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.

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TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."

41

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TheEducators'Handbooklb InteractiveVideodiscby Ed Schwartz

miAssociation for Educational Communications & lbchnology

3

Copyright ©1985 by Association for Educational Communications & 'IbchnologyAll Rights Reserved

Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 85-71983ISBN 0-89240-049-8Printed in the United States of America

Published and Distributed by:

Association for Educational Communications & Rchnology1126 16th Street, NWWashington, DC 20036

PREFACE

This handbook is designed to be a source of in-formation for educators about interactive videodisc. Itdoes not attempt to be a detailed reference of thetechnology. It is, rather, an overview of the technolo-gy, offering additional sources that you can consultfor more detailed information. This should help edu-cators find the appropriate equipment and softwarefor any specific application. The book also serves as astarting point for many educators who know nothingof the technology, and assists you in deciding wheth-er this technology is worth pursuing as an education-al tool in your specific situation.

The listings of equipment and software containedhere are the result of a search of the listed publica-tions, plus attendance at professional conferences. Al-though there may be other products available that arenot included in this handbook, the listings nonethe-less reflect a good portion of the videodisc-relatedproducts available today. Because of the fast pace ofthe industry, many of the prices quoted here mayhave changed by the time this book is distributed.The prices listed do, however, still provide a good in-dication of the general price range of specific items.The products listed are all for use with NTSC (Ameri-can) standard television equipment unless otherwisespecified.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Introduction to Videodiscs 1

Capacitance SystemsLaser Systems

Chapter 2 Overview of Laser Disc Systems 3

Hardware OverviewStraight PlayLevel ZeroInteractive: Level OneInteractive: Level TwoInteractive: Level ThreeInteractive: Level Four

Chapter 3 Selecting a Laser Videodisc Player 6

Level Zero PlayersLevel One PlayersLevel Two PlayersLevel Three Players

Chapter 4 Video Playback Units 8

Television ReceiversTelevision MonitorsTelevision Projectors

Chapter 5 Videodisc Interface Units 10

Noncomputer InterfacesComputer Interfaces

Chapter 6 Disc Player Peripherals 12

Graphic OverlayStill-Frame AudioNoise ReductionInput DevicesVoice Synthesizers

Chapter 7 Videodisc System Packages 13

Chapter 8 Educational Videodisc Software 14

Videodisc Mastering

Chapter 9 Interactive Videodisc Authol i .6 Languages 15

Chapter 10 Videodisc Care and Maintenance 16

Videodisc CareSystem EnvironmentHardware Maintenance

Appendix A Directory of Laser Disc Players 17

Current Level Zero PlayersCurrent Level One PlayersCurrent Level Two PlayersCurrent Level Three Players

6

Appendix B Directory of Television Monitors and Television Projectors 22Television MonitorsSell-Contained Television ProjectorsMountable Television Projectors

Appendix C Directory of Laser Disc Interfaces 29

Appendix D Directory of Laser Disc Peripherals 35Graphic Overlay DevicesTouch ScreensLight PensVoice Input DevicesVoice SynthesizersStill-Frame Audio DevicesVideodisc Audio Noise Reduction SystemsVideodisc Changers

Appendix E Directory of Laser Disc System Packages 41Apple Computer Interactive Videodisc SystemsAtari Computer Interactive Videodisc SystemsPIATO Interactive Videodisc SystemsDEC PRO 350 Computer Interactive Videodisc SystemMicroTICCIT Interactive Videodisc SystemsIBM-PC Computer Interactive Videodisc SystemsSony SMC-70 Computer Interactive Videodisc SystemsWICAT Interactive Videodisc Systems

Appendix F Directory of Videodisc Software 47AeronauticsArtBusiness ManagementComputer ScienceDanceBalletDanceInstructionEconomicsElectronicsElementary EducationElementary EducationChildren's FilmsFilm StudiesFinanceHealth InstructionHistoryHorticultureLanguageLegal EducationMathematicsMedicineCirculatory SystemMedicineHematologyMedicineMicroscopyMedicineNervous SystemMedicineTrauma TrainingMedicineUltrasoundMedicineUrologyMusicInstructionMusicJazzMusicMusicalsMusicOpera

7

MusicOrchestralMusicSolo/EnsemblePhotographyPhysical EducationSelf-DefensePhysical FitnessExercisePhysical FitnessRelaxation and RunningScienceAnthropologyScience InstructionBiologyScience InstructionChemistryScience InstructionPhysicsScience InstructionSpace StudiesSpecial EducationSign LanguageSpecial TopicsTelevision

Appendix G Directory of Videodisc Mutering Options 82

Videodisc SharingSmall Volume Videodisc Mastering FacilitiesLarge Volume Videodisc Mastering Facilities

Appendix H

Appendix I

Appendix J

Directory of Interactive Authoring Languages 84

Service Information 86

Videodisc ResourcesBibliographyConference and Workshop IndexManufacturers Index

8

87

I. INTRODUCTION TO VIDEODISCS

Rapidly changing technology confronts an educa-tor with difficult choices in selecting new equipmentWill today's state-of-the-art equipment be tomorrow'sEdsel? Obviously, educators must be careful in choos-ing a particular technology, making certain that it willplay an important functional role in the educationsystem. The laser videodisc system is such a technol-ogy. Not all videodisc systems are either as flexible asthe laser videodisc systems or viable for all of thevaried educational settings. The RCA capacitance sys-tem, for example, which was removed from the mar-ket in the spring of 1984, was not suited to most in-structional uses. RCA's decision to withdraw its ca-pacitance system left the laser technology as the onlyworking videodisc format available to American con-sumers.

CAPACITANCE SYSTEMS

Because it is still possible to purchase a capaci-tance system in the secondary market, it is useful foreducators to understand the features of that system.The capacitance videodisc system, marketed by RCA,was quite popular because a large selection of movieswere available. The system worla; in much the sameway as a normal audio record. There is, however, adifference in how the information is stored and re-trieved from the disc. Rather than reading grooves,the styhis of the capacitance disc system works asone plate of a capacitor. The disc itself serves as thesecond plate with a nonconductive coating so theplates will not short out. As the disc spins, depres-sions or pits in the disc plate continually change thecapacitance of the current coming from the disc. Thischange in capacitance determines the signal frequen-cy. In this way, the player reconstructs the video sig-nal to match the original recorded signal.

There are disadvantages to the capacitance sys-tem, maldng it difficult to use interactively in an edu-cation setting. For example, the capacitance disc iscapable of storing 60 minutes of video material. Ste-reo sound is available with the later discs and play-ers. With the video changing at 30 frames per second(much like the 24 frames per second of film), the discwill store 108,000 frames of information. A problemarises in that the disc spins at 450 rpm. With 450 rev-olutions per minute, there are 27,000 tracks availablefor frames (450 x 60 = 27,000). Thus, four framesmust be grouped in each revolution (108,000/27000 =4). Still frames, therefore, are difficult to produce andthey use four times the normal space on a disc side.

Also, because of the disc materials used, any

damage to the surface of the disc can destroy it. Pro-tective sleeves are necessary to prevent damageddiscs. Even with protective sleeves, the disc is not im-mune to wear from the stylus and the signal will dete-riorate in quality after many plays.

In the early players, interactive functions werenot possible. A later series of capacitance disc playersoffers many of the interactive functions previouslyfound only in laser disc players. Unfortunately, theRCA systems still do not have the full interactive ca-pabilities available on the laser systems. RCA quali-fied the new capabilities of the players by stating thatthey "provide a variety of interactive applications,"not all interactive applications. Some of these featuresinclude the programed playing of any part of a discby time or band; forward and reverse scan at 120times normal speed in addition to the usual 16 timesnormal speed; dual channel (or stereo) audio that c.be played separately; and a "page" feature that allcstill framing on special discs that have been producedfor this purpose.

Even with these new features, the capacitancesystem has a long way to go to match the interactiverange and superior video and audio quality of the la-ser system.

LASER SYSTEMS

The laser videodisc system is an optical systemreading reflected light from the disc spinning at 1800revolutions per minute. At this speed, one revolutioncan play back one frame of video information. This al-lows the laser to read one revolution over and over,creating a freeze or still frame. A normal 12-inch in-teractive (CAV) disc can play up to 30 minutes on oneside. This offers 54,000 frames or spaces for informa-tion storage (1,800 x 30 = 54,000). An 8-inch disc canalso be used, which holds 24,000 frames or 13 min-utes and 20 seconds of infomation.

With the interactive disc, you can search for anddisplay each of these 54,000 frames in less than threeseconds. One disc can store 54,000 pages of informa-tion or 54,000 individual pictures that you can re-trieve at will. With the aid of a small microprocessor(which is standard on selected players), you can ac-cess the information on the disc very easily.

The noninteractive (CLV) laser disc continuallychanges speed to fit more information on the disc,playing up to 60 minutes of video with stereo audioon one disc side. Digital audio tracks are also avail-able on selected CLV discs. These audio tracks csnonly be read by players specifically designed for that

9Interactive Videodiscs 1

purpose.Th e. citsc itself is made of a metalic substance

covered in thick clear plastic so you can handle itwithout damaging the quality of the recorded infor-mation. In fact you can touch, scratch, drop, and soilit with no ill effects to the recorded signal. Only thelaser beam comes in contact with the disc, preventingany wear on the disc when it is played. The disc isnot indestructable, but with reasonable care, a laservideodisc will last indefinitely.

In summary, the laser videodisc system can per-form all of the normal playback functions common tothe capacitance system but with greater flexibility.The laser system has still-frame and slow-motion ca-pabilities, random access of 54,000 individual frames,and normal play functions. The laser disc is impervi-ous to wear whereas the capacitance disc will wear intime.

The following figure compares both the capacitancesystem and the laser system. In each case the figuresare based on top-of-the-line systems with all availableoptions.

CapacitanceNoYes*

No

Yes

No

Yes*NoNo

Yes*yesYes

YesYesyes

No

No

Laser System FeatureYes Store computer informationYes Interface with home micro-

processerYes Download data from the

discYes Rapid access to anywhere

on discYes Random access to frame

numbersYes Freeze frameYes 54,000 color frames per sideYes Full set of interactive func-

tionsYes Stereo audioYes User friendly equipmentYes Low cost of playback equip-

mentYes Low cost of discsYes No erasure of informationYes No special storage environ-

ment neededYes No deterioration of video

imageYes Unlimited disc life

*With selected discs and players

It should now be obvious that the laser disc sys-tem, with its complete interactive capabilities and vir-tually indestructable discs, is very desirable for edu-

2 inteiactiee Videodiscs

cation applications. In the classroom the possibilitiesfor the laser disc system are nearly endless. Itsunique capabilities cannot be found in any other sin-gle medium. The laser system truly surpasses the lim-ited capabilities of the capacitance system. Videodiscsand interactive video will be the educator's tool in theclassroom of tomorrowand they are available to theeducator today!

1 0

CHAPTER 2. OVERVIEW OF LASER DISCSYSTEMS

The delivery systems for the laser videodisc cov-er a wide range of possibilities. The main differenceamong the systems is their varying levels of interacti-vity. The disc systems range from a stand-alone sys-tem that only plays back recorded material to highlyinteractive systems that employ the use of a hostcomputer to run the disc.

One of the unique features of the laser disc isthat interactive programing can be encoded either onthe disc and downloaded to a microprocessor in theplayer, or on a separate floppy disc driven by a hostcomputer. This addresses the main limitation of thelaser disc system: it is a read-only medium. Read-onlymeans that the end user cannot change the materialson the discincluding the encoding. Just like the in-formation on a phonograph record, the informationrecorded on the videodisc cannot be changed. Whenyou couple the videodisc with a microcomputer, how-ever, it can become extremely flexible in any setting.You can change and update properly designed pro-grams easily on the host computer. You can superim-pose graphics from the computer on top of the video-disc picture allowing modification of the pictures aswell.

HARDWARE OVERVIEW

The basic piece of hardware for a laser disc sys-tem is the laser disc player. Players are categorizedby their level of interactivity. The Level Zero playerhas no interactive capabilities. The Level Three play-er, on the other hand, can be highly interactive. Thehelium-neon lasers of the early players are now beingreplaced by the longer lasting solid-state laser diodes.

The other necessary piece of hardware is a moni-tor. Although the system will work with any standardblack-and-white or color television, professional tele-vision monitors will yield much better picture resolu-tion. High resolution is necessary for classroom useso that students can read screen text clearly. Largeclassrooms need large image television projectorsthat offer the best possible clarity and resolution.

The higher the desired level of Interactivity, thegreater the need for a microcomputer connected tothe system. All of the microcomputer's educationalcharacteristics, including complex branching, can beincorporated by means of a videodisdcomputer inter-face. You must take care to ensure that the interfaceis compatible with all of the hardware componentsand that it is capable of performing all the desiredfunctions.

ii

Authoring languages allow anyone, regardless ofprograming experience, to create lessons with verycomplex computer routines. These authoring lan-guages are generally programs that allow you to in-sert information into preprogramed routines. Youthen put these routines in any order you choose. Thecomputer does nearly all the work through a series ofquestions and prompts for the nonprogramer.

STRAIGHT PLAY: LEVEL TERO

The straight play system is a consumer model ofthe laser Oisc player. It is a stand-alone system thatreqires ka:.e or nothing from the user. Once the sys-tem is in place and connected to the monitor, all youhave to do is press the "play" command. There areseveral options available, and you can activate theseoptions by the simple touch of a button or slideswitch. Some options are commonly available onmost machines; cthers vary from player to player.

All of the options available on the Level Zeroplayers are also available on the higher level players.On the Level Zero players, however, you must per-form all of the operations manually. Level Zero play-ers offer forward and reverse motion at variablespeeds plus a few fast-speed options in either direc-tion. You can also identify frame numbers and selectaudio channels. A major limitation is the lack of di-rect searching capabilities to specific still frames.

Standard Videodisc Control Features

PowerThis function switch turns the AC current onor off.

PlayStarts the player after the disc has been putinto an alternate mode, such as pause.

ReverseAllows the machine to play backward atnormal speed.

StopStops the disc on a single frame and waits for anew command.

PauseThis is the same as Stop on most Level Zeroplayers. Some players will automatically display ablank screen in this mode.

Index/Frame DisplayThis feature enables you to seewhich frame of video you are viewing. It is usedfor finding information in single still frames aswell as starting points for sections of video.Frames 1 to 54,000 are available.

Scan ForwardThis moves the disc forward at a fastrate of speed and allows for fast identification ofthe video images.

Intetsctive Videodiscs 3

Search ForwardSame as Scan Forward.Scan ReverseThis provides the identical features as

Scan Forward, but with the disc moving back-ward.

Search ReverseSame as Scan Reverse.Fast ForwardThis function advances the disc image

at three to five times the normal rate of speed,depending on the player.

Fast ReverseThis function moves the disc imagebackward at three to five times the normal rateof speed.

Still ForwardThis advances the disc forward oneframe at a time.

Step ForwardSame as Still Forward.Still ReverseThis moves the disc backward one

frame at a time.Step ReverseSame as Still Reverse.Audio 1This switch controls the first audio channel,

which corresponds to the left channel on stan-dard stereo systems. The switch can be toggledon or off.

Audio 2This switch controls the second audio chan-nel, which corresponds to the right channel onstandard stereo systems. The switch can be tog-gled on or off.

Slow ForwardThis feature allows you to put thedisc into slow motion by means of a slide switchlocated on the face of the player.

Slow ReverseThis puts the disc into reverse slowmotion by means of a slide switch located on theface of the player.

INTERACTIVE: LEVEL ONE

A Level One player is the top-of-the-line consum-er player. It contains all of the features contained inthe Level Zero player and more. The Level One playerusually comes with a small hand controller that letsyou operate the player either in a remote mode or us-ing the controls on the player itself.

The two primary features of Level One playersthat are not present on the lower-level players 'ireSearch and Automatic Stops. These stopping featuresinclude Chapter Stop and Picture Stop. They allowyou to stop the disc at exact frame locations, thusproviding natural divisions in the materials presentedor allowing you to address specific still frames.

Several Level One players feature interface portsto upgrade the system. Random access time variesfrom one player to the next. Short jumps are usuallyunder one second, but the maximum search timescan be up to fifteen seconds.

4 Intetactive VIdeodisa

Search FunctionsThe Search functions of the Level One player are

very valuable and, with proper software, give the unita high degree of interactivity. Think of the disc as an"electronic textbook" with 54,000 pages (frames) ofmaterials. With the Search function, you can easily goto any page (frame) or chapter of information.

You can access any still frame on the disc by us-ing the hand controller. You merely enter the five-dig-it number, from 00000 to 54000, into the small com-puter in the player and, with the press of the Searchkey, the frame will appear on the screenusually inless than fifteen seconds. This function allows you tomove anywhere on the disc at any time. If the dischas Chapten Stops, the Search key can also move youto any given chapter of material.

Access TimeAccess Time is the term used to designate the

worst-case search time from any two random pointson the disc. If the access time for a player is five sec-onds, for example, the player can Search from frame 0to frame 54,000 in five seconds or less.

Chapter StopsThe Chapter Stop can only work if the disc con-

tains encoded Chapter Stops. This means that there isa digital code in the vertical or blanking interval ofthe video signal. With the Chapter Search command,you can then move directly to any encoded chapterby using the hand controller. The player ignores theChapter Stop codes when in the normal Play, For-ward, or Reverse modes; you can access the stopsonly through the Chapter Search.

Picture StopsPicture Stops, like Chapter Stops, also must be

encoded on the disc, using a digital code in the verti-cal interval of the video signal. The disc will stopautomatically on an encoded Picture Stop frame fromthe Play or the Slow Forward/Reverse modes. Themain distinction between Picture Stop and ChapterStop is that you cannot access the former in theSearch mode. Together, the Chapter Stop and PictureStop give you the means to locate quickly and displayan automatic still frame.

Instant JumpIbis feature, found on many of the high-level

players, is available on the Hitachi and Philips LevelOne players. Instant Jump allows the disc player tomove instantaneously by random access from oneframe to another within a specified tolerance. The Hi-tachi VIP-9500 player can jump 180 frames forwardand 100 frames in reverse in less than five millisec-onds. This eliminates screen blanking or breakupfrom one frame to the next.

12

Other Level One players with this feature are theHitachi VIP-9550 with a 200-frame jump in either di-rection, and the Philips VP-935 with a 100-frame jumpcapability in either direction. Level Three pliryers arealso equipped with the Instant Jump feature. The Phil-ips player can jump up to 250 frames in less than fivemilliseconds. Pioneer uses the term Multiple TrackSkip to denote Instant Jump. Like the Philips player, itIs capable of jumping up to 100 tracks in less thanfive milliseconds.

INTERACTIVE: LEVEL TWO

The Level Two videodisc player Is designed forindustrial and educational applications. These playershave built-In microprocessors allowing you to use theplayer as a stand-alone fully interactive system.

The onboard microprocessor uses at least twoforms of memory to store and retrieve information.One form of memory Is the Frame Recall storage. Youcan store and retrieve a five-digit frame number in afile in any order. The important frames needed forany given application can be identified and stored forfaster access. The other common form of memory isthe Program storage. This allows you to create com-puter-assisted instruction (CAI) programs. Such pro-grams can include user input functions, branching,and other normal CAI features as well as timed se-quences of Still Frames or real time motion.

These players also feature an RS-232C parallel in-terface for system upgrading. Random access time isusually under one second for short jumps, and up tofive seconds for maximum search distances.

INTERACTIVE: LEVEL 'THREE

Any disc player interfaced with a microprocessoris a Level Three disc system. The Level One playerswith computer ports can be interfaced into a LevelThree configuration; so can the Level Two playerswith interface ports. All of the disc players on themarket today can be upgraded to a Level Three sys-tem with the exception of the Pioneer LD-660. Severaladvantages of the Level Three system are obvious.There is a large increase in the available memory, andthe presence of high-level math functions allows moresophisticated programing. This teclmology is thecombination of computer-assisted instruction (CAI)and high-quality visuals.

Currently a new breed of players are on the mar-ket designed to work exclusively with microcomput-ers. These players do not include controls on theplayer or have provisions for handsets. The players

13

are totally dependent on the host microprocessor forcontrol. Aside from the lower cost of these units, theYallow you to design more specific functions for theplayer.

INTERACTIVE: LEVEL FOUR

The definition of this level of interactivity is stillbeing debated in the videodisc field. Level Three wenta step beyond the disc player to the computer forcontrol. Many look to Level Four for use of overlayedtext, graphics, and other visual information from theexternal computer. This combination allows you touse all of the computer's power in conjunction withthe videodisc player. Visual displays, combining bothreal video from the disc and text or graphics from thecomputer, provide an extremely high degree of fiexib-lility for ell educational applications. This overlay ca-pability, along with input devices including touchscreens, joy sticks, light pens, bar code readers, voiceactivated systems, or bit pads, can greatly increasethe interactivity of any system and promote a moreefficient means of attaining particular objectives.

The Level Four system is the highest level of in-teractivity that is currently available on the market.While it is basically a modified Level Three system,there are no players that are designed solely for thisapplication. Obviously, Level Three players would bethe ones best suited for this system.

Interactive Videodiscs 5

CHAPTER 3. SELECTING A LASER VIDEODISCPLAYER

LEVEL ZERO PLAYERS

The most important factor in selecting a video-disc player is its desired application. Level Zero play-ers are the most inexpensive, but they are also themost limiting. They do not allow for any interactivity.

There is one Level Zero player currently on themarket with limited usage in the educational fieldthe Pioneer LD-660. This player offers Still, Slow, Scan,and Pause functions in addition to the normal Playand Audio functions. It will not show frame numbers,but it does have a relative position indicator.

Pioneer ID460Access Time: N/APrice $299

LEVEL ONE PLAYERS

Level One players are the most economical formany applications. These players allow the full rangeof interactive features along with the ability to inter-face with a microprocessor. The access time on theseplayers is generally slow.

Several Level One players are currently on themarket. All of these players have a serial computer in-terface port that, with the addition of a micropro-cessor, will allow more sophisticated applications(see Level Three applications). The costs range from$499 to $1,550, and represent the consumer line ofdisc players.

Pioneer, Hitachi, Philips, and the consumer divi-sions of North American Philips Corporation (Sylvaniaand Magnavox) all offer Level One players. The twoPhilips consumer players are the Sylvania VP-7400SLat $750 and the Magnavox VC-8040GY at $750. ThePioneer players are the PR-8210 at $499, the LD-700 at$800, and the LD-V4000 at $900. The Hitachi VIP-9500lists for $1,550. It should be noted that many of theseprices are the suggested list prices; with some com-parative shopping, you can find many of these playersat substantial discounts. Quantity Purchases will alsopermit you to get a lower price.

One player that stands out from the others is thelatest addition to Pioneer's line of players. The CLD-900 is a multipurpose player that is capable of playingcompact audio discs (CDs) as well as the 12-inch and8-inch videodiscs. This player lists at $1,200 and hasthe same basic video characteristics as the LD-700. Inthe digital audio mode it is comparable to many of

6 Interactive Wdeodiscs

the top CD players. Institutions that are involved inmusic instruction should find this unit very conve-nient because it offers the same quality of perform-ance as separate players would provide. This alsoopens the way for videodiscs that have true digitalaudio. These discs will have both digital and analogaudio encoded on them so any videodisc player canplay the disc. This player, however, would be requiredto reproduce the digital track. Currently, plans call forthese discs to be pressed only in the CLV format.They will be capable of storing only 55 minutes ofvideo and digital/analog audio.

The two main issues you must weigh in playerselection are cost and function. The Level One play-ers with access times over six seconds all cost lessthan $1,000. The higher cost of other players is attrib-utable to their very quick access time (three secondsor less), while the less expensive machines havemuch slower access times (maximum of six to fifteenseconds). The other factors involved in the cost of theplayer are the degree of sophistication of its interfacecapabilities and the instant jump feature. Level Oneplayers can be used with an optional remote handsetwithout the computer for added flexibility.

Hitachi VIP4500Access Time: 3 secondsInstant Jump: 180 frames forward, 100 frames reversePrice $1,550

Hitachi VIP-9550Access Time: 3 secondsInstant Jump: 200 frames forward, 200 frames reversePrice $1,550

Magnavox VC-8040GYAccess Time: 10 secondsPrice $750

Philips VP-935Access Time: 3 secondsInstant Jump: 100 frames forward, 100 frames reversePrice $1,395

Pioneer LD-700Access Time: 10 secondsPrice $800

Pioneer CLD-900Access Time: 10 secondsPrice $1,200

14

Pioneer LD-V4000Access Time: 6 secondsPrice $900

Pioneer PR-8210Access Time: 15 secondsPrice $499

Sylvania VP-7400SLAccess Time: 10 secondsPrice $750

LEVEL TWO PLAYERS

Level Two players are extremely versatile units,but they are also the most expensive. If you need astand-alone system with full interactive capabilities,you need a Level Two player. The parallel port andquick access time of the Level Two player make it de-sirable for many of the more sophisticated applica-tions.

Level Two players offer several options in termsof memory capacity. The onboard microprocessor ofthe Sony LDP-1000 has 5K of memoty (5120 bytes).This player has been designed to allow the reading ofchapter stops. Pioneer's Level Two player, the LD-V6000, has 7K of memory (7156 bytes); it is not capa-ble of searching for chapters, but it will read picturestops. The players also have an RS-232C port that al-lows for upgrading to Level Three as well as a combi-nation of onboard computer routines and host com-puter commands. The Pioneer has a built-in interfacethat allows you to connect a microcomputer directlyto the disc player without any special "black boxes."The Sony player costs $2,500 and has a five-secondaccess time. The Pioneer costs $1,490 and has athree-second access time.

Pioneer LD-V6000Access Time: 3 secondsMemory: 7KPrice $1,490

Sony IDP-1000AAccess Time: 5 secondsMemory: 5KPrice $2,500

LEVEL THREE PLAYERS

The Level Three players are the most versatilevideodisc players available. They offer the speed ofthe Level Two players and the lower cost of the LevelOne players. They demand, however, a greater under-

standing of computer hardware and programing thando the other levels. This means that they are not al-ways as "user friendly" as other players.

The Level Three player can perform many uniquefunctions that are made possible with a dedicatedcomputer. This player is best suited for individuallearning applications. The Philips VP-832 player has afive-second access time and costs $1,395. The PioneerLD-V1000 costs $1,200 and has a three-second accesstime.

Philips VP-832Access Time: 5 secondsInstant Jump: 250 FramesPrice $1,395

Pioneer ID-V1000Access Time: 3 secondsInstant Jump: 100 FramesPrice $1,200

LEVEL FOUR PLAYERS

Level Four, like Level Three, does not have a spe-cial player associated with it. Any disc player that isinterfaced with a computer is considered to be LevelThree. The addition of external input devices to thecomputer and high resolution color graphic overlayswill bring the system to Level Four.

Appendix A lists all of the laser disc players dis-cussed and their specifications. You should note thatthe majority of the early players were top-loading ma-chines. The new players have gone to a front-loadingsystem. Pioneer's newest players (LD-700, LD-V4000,and LD-V6000), the Magnavox VC-8040GY, the Syl-vania VP-7400SL, and the Hitachi VIP-9550 all havefront-loading features. This can be useful in situationswhere vertical space is limited.


CHAPTER 4. VIDEO PLAYBACK UNITS

The most misunderstood component of the laserdisc system is the video playback unit. There are twotypes of units to choose from: a television receiver(the kind of television most people have at home) anda television monitor (a higher quality unit usuallyfound in educational or industrial settings). Althougheither video unit can reproduce the laser disc image,the high video quality of the laser disc often demandsgreater resolution than most home televisions can of-fer. A major difference between monitors and receiv-ers is in the type of electronic signal that each willaccept as an input. There are two types of televisionsignals that can be used to reproduce the videodiscimage: an RF signal and a composite video signal. (Athird type of signalRGBis common in the high-quality reproduction of computer graphics.) Each ofthese signals yields a different picture reproductionquality. RF and composite signals are standard out-puts on all videodisc players. RGB output must becreated by a computer, normally for computer graph-ics overlay applications.

TELEVISION RECEIVERS

For situations that do not require the highestquality picture reproduction, a normal color televi-sion will give you an adequate result. The quality ofthe television receiver is limited by the electronic sig-nal that it uses. The RF (radio frequency) signal usedby the receiver mixes the audio and video signals intoone. The quality of both audio and video signals arecompromised by this method. Although the hardwarenecessary to reproduce this signal is the least expen-sive option, the quality of the television picture doesnot adequately reflect the quality of the images thathave been recorded on the discs.

TELEVISION MONITORS

The more demanding videodisc applications re-quire the use of television monitors. A monitor uses acomposite video signal to reproduce an image, andthis gives the best picture quality in color and clarity.The audio signal in this format is processed separate-ly. Because the composite signals are processed sepa-rately, there is a substantial improvement in both theaudio and the video as compared to an RF signal. Amonitor costs more than a receiver, but the increasedquality of the picture is well worth the higher cost.Because a monitor is not equipped to receive com-mercial television signals by antenna or cable, you

8 Interactive Videodiscs

need a separate tuner to use it for normal televisionreception. Many combination units are available thatcombine the features of receivers and monitors, andthese cost little more than the monitor alone. If televi-sion reception is a requirement, a receiver/monitormight be the answer.

Many television monitors will also accept theRGB (red, green, blue) signal for a high-quality imagefrom a computer. The RGB signal is the fundamentalvideo signal consisting of the primary colors. It pro-duces clear images and good color from the comput-er because it receives the least amount of processing.Computers can produce the RGB signal in one of twoformats: analog or digital. Unfortunately, there is littlestandardization in the RGB output from one brand ofmicrocomputer to the next. You must be very carefulin the hardware configuration, therefore, to ensurethe compatability of equipment. The RGB signal willproduce the best results in the use of graphic over-lays with the videodisc image, but it also demands themost expensive television monitor.

It is also important to understand that for eachtype of playback unit, only a limited number of view-ers can comfortably see the image on the screen. As ageneral guideline, you should have no more thantwenty people viewing a 19-inch monitor. For the bestresults, you should select television monitors and re-ceivers with specific applications in mind. A large-screen projector can be the answer in many situa-tions, but you must be certain that the projector willgive adequate resuitS with your room configurationand degree of image resolution.

TELEVISION PROJECTORS

There are two basic types of large-screen televi-sion projectors from which you can choose. The firsttype is a self-contained unit that has a projector builtinto a cabinet. This type of unit is fairly mobile, andhas a screen that is connected to the unit. Theseunits are fairly inexpensive and are often found instores for home use. They yield acceptable results inthe proper environment. Detailed images can often beblurred, however, if the machine is not properly main-tained.

The second type of system projects the imageonto screens of all sizes (much like a movie projec-tor) through the use of special lenses. These unitsgenerally are permanently mounted in large rooms,including auditoriums. Many of these units can pro-duce images up to 25 feet wide. All of these units canproject the image from in front of the screen (like a

16

movie projector); many also can reverse the imageand project from the rear of the screen. Althoughthese units are highly effective in large-group situa-tions, they can be very difficult and expensive tomaintain. For example, the light valve used in someprojectors has a life expectancy of about 1,000 hours.Replacing the light valve costs about $17,000 for partsalone, so the use of such a system would have to jus-tify the cost not only of purchase, but of this foresee-able repair and maintenance as well.

On the whole, large television monitors not onlyare more durable and take less maintenance than dothe projection units, but they also have a sharper pic-ture. The self-contained projectors are fairly inexpen-sive and offer a minimal amount of maintenance.They also have the larger screen and thus can accom-modate more viewers. Projectors with a very largeimage and rear screen capabilities are expensive andshould be considered only when a capable technicianis available.

Appendix B lists selected television monitors,self-contained television projectors, and mountabletelevision projectors. This listing in no way representsall of the units in the market. The listed units areknown in the field and are readily adapted to video-disc applications. It should be stressed that televisionspecifications do not always give an accurate repre-sentation of the video image. Because television im-age reproduction is very subjective, you should viewevery television unit prior to purchase.

17 Interactive Videodiscs 9

CHAPTER 5. VIDEODISC INTERFACE UNITS

NONCOMPUTER INTERFACES

AudiotapeMdeodisc interfaces offer low-cost al-ternatives to a microprocessor when you need a slideshow or other programable presentation. These inter-faces require an audiocassette recorder, with the firsttrack used to cany an audio control signal for the vi-deodisc commands and the second track for nazra-lion, music, or other audio information. This kind ofinterface system is versatile, inexpensive, and easy touse. Its limitation, however, is in that full interactionwith the user is not possible. To explore fully themany interactive capabilities of the laser videodiscsystem, you need to use a computer.

Disc Mate 1.5$450

Video VisionNIVI$125

WhitneyA1320$100

COMPUTER INTERFACES

For computers to control videodis7 players, sys-tem hardware and software must be compatible.Sometimes you can directly connect computers andvideodisc players with RS-232C ports to obtain thedesired results. More often than not, however, youwill need an interface unit to achieve compatibility.

Interface units for videodisc systems provide thelink between the player and the computer. Theseunits come in all shapes and sizes. You can install aninterface card inside the computer or use a separateexternal unit. Some interface units do more than oth-ers, so you need to know their capabilities.

The simplest interface units control only the vi-deodisc player. The main role of this interface is tofacilitate the performance of all desired functionsthrough the host computer. These are the functionsthat you would normally access through the interac-tive player controls in the handset.

The level of interface units will also switch dis-plays onto a single screen, relieving you of the needto watch both the computer screen and videodiscscreen at the same time. This can be desirable inmany situations, because you can run a small amountof text on the same screen that you use for visualsand thus keep the learner's attention focused on justone screen. Sometimes, however, you may want to

10 interactive Videodiscs

keep the images separate in order to run text on onescreen at the same time that you run visuals on theother. This kind of interface unit allows you to switchbetween these modes by giving software commandsto the interface hardware.

A more sophisticated interface group enables youto superimpose the graphics capability of the comput-er over the video image from the disc. This interfacecombines the functions of several units into one pe-ripheral. These interfaces, normally expensive, recon-struct the NTSC video signal from the videodisc andthe RGB signal from the computer, making them com-patible. The added capabilities of the overlay functionfor appropriate applications are usually well worththe extra expense.

The following interface compatibility chart listsmany of the interfaces currently available as we/) astheir compatability with several microcomputers Thechart also notes two of the important features of in-terfaces: single-screen switching and overlay capabili-ties. Refer to Appendix C for detailed information on aspecific interface unit.

18

Interface Computer Compatability Chart

Interface AP AT CM IB SO TI SS OL Price

AllenUVC . ' . * ' I $1,200

AllenVMI * * 0 575

AllenMVP ' . ' ' 150

AnthroDigitalOmniscan ' ' 250

BCD AssociatesVIPc * * 0 1,195

Bell & Howell ' ' 600

Destron ' ' 1 650

Digital ControlsRed Card * ' 500

Digital ControlsRed Max ' . ' * * * * 550

IEVIEV-40 ' ' 0 550

Interactive Training Syst ' I 2,995

Jam, Inc.Jam Card ' ' 395

New Media Graphics DM-1000 ' ' ' * * ' 90

OnlineVDC-100 * * 0 350

OnlineGL-512 ' ' 1 1,500

PioneerSIA IU-03 ' ' ' * * * * 300

SymtecDVA Card * ' 350

SymtecSony Card ' ' 350

Video VisionVAI II ' ' 125

VisageVLink 1000 ' ' I 1,150

VisageVLink 1500 * * I 1,850

VisageVLink 1550 ' ' 1 2,150

Visual Database Systems ' ' 65

WhitneyPC 500-A ' 990

WhitneySM 500-A ' 895

WhitneyA3001A ' 695

AP=Apple IB=IBM-PC SS=Single Screen Overlay

AT=Atari SO=Sony SMC-70 OL=Overlay (1=included; 0=optional)CM=Commodore TI=Texas Instruments


CHAPTER 6. DISC PLAYER PERIPHERALS

Peripherals are add-on devices that offer new di-mensions to laser disc system capabilities. Many ofthese peripherals, such as touch panels and lightpens, are also commonly used in computer-assistedinstruction. These common devices, plus many of thespecial peripherals for videodisc systems, make thevideodisc the most powerful teaching tool availabletoday. Listed below are short descriptions of many ofthe peripherals available for use with the videodisctechnology.

GRAPHIC OVERIAY

Graphic overlay devices are very important to in-teractive video lessons. These devices allow you tosuperimpose computer generated graphics or textover the television picture from the videodisc. Youcan display information on the television monitor in asingle-screen mode from a computer or the disc.

STILL FRAME AUDIO

The still frame audio adapter is designed to readspecially encoded discs. You can play these discs onany laser disc player, but the special encoding canonly be decoded by this device. This digital devicecompresses analog audio so that it uses only aboutone thirtieth (1/20) of the space that it would normallyoccupy on the disc. When you only need still framesvisually, but also require either narration or someform of audio, you do not want to waste space by re-peating the same video image on the disc. With spe-cial encoding, you can compress the audio portion sothat 40 seconds of audio and video are condensedinto just a few frames. Compression allows you tostore about 13 second of audio in the space of onevisual frame.

NOISE REDUCTION

The CX noise reduction system is unique to laserdiscs. lt is a built-in feature in many of the players,but you can also purchase it separately. This systemclaims to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the re-produced discs by as much as 10 dB for a total of 70dB (1kHz, 100% mod. IMF A). When you connect thisdevice to your system, you only have to turn it on;you do not have any adjustments to wony about.


INPUT DEVICES

Several types of touch screens are available thatallow you to enter Information (too the system's com-puter simply by touching the appropriate spot on thetelevision screen. The infrared system and the capaci-tance grid system are the most common. Althoughtouch screens are relatively expensive, they provide areal advantage for many situations where use of thekeyboard can impede learning.

Graphics tablets, light pens, and joy sticks are in-expensive alternatives to the touch screen. Generallyyou can purchase these devices as add-ons throughcomputer manufacturers, and then integrate theminto any microcomputer system. Like touch screens,these alternative devices are useful for several in-structional applications, especially with lessons foryoung students whose concentration is easily brokenwhen they cannot find the correct key on the key-board. Alternate input devices facilitate young stu-dents' learning by making it easier for them to enteranswers.

VOICE SYNTHESIZERS

Voice synthesizers can offer speech output as away of communicating with the user. Speech outputdevices can enhance many applications of videodiscs,especially where written text is a problem.

information on several peripherals is listed in Ap-pendix D. This list is not exhaustive, but it providesan indication of the prices and capabilities of similaritems.

20

CHAPTER 7. VIDEODISC SYSTEM PACKAGES

As the demand for interactive video technologyincreases, the need for workable systems also in-creases. Companies now offer complete system pack-ages already configured to serve particular applica-tions. Many of these are "turnkey" systemsoneswhere you only need to plug them in and "turn thekey on." These system packages make the technologyeven more accessible to people who are intimidatedby machines.

Some of these systems are self-contained, andsome are complete with large cabinets that allow youto move the system where you need it. Other systemssupply the interface, authoring system, and demon-stration materials, allowing you the opportunity toprovide other components (computer, television re-ceiver or monitor, and disc player). In this way, youcan configure a system using already-existing equip-ment.

Most systems come with a standard authoringlanguage plus a demonstration package that enablesyou to familiarize yourself with the system in a shortperiod of time. This package takes you through all thesteps you need to know to design the videodisc pro-gram.

As each system is dependent upon the host com-puter, all videodisc system packages are Level Threesystems. The large price differential among systems isattributable to several factors. One of these factors isthe system's ability to overlay color graphics and textfrom the computer. A system that can perform thisfunction will cost considerably more than one thatcannot This capability also indicates that the systemrequires more sophisticated software to operate. Theprice of the system rises with increased interface ca-pabilities. The price of the computer itself can also bean important factor. An IBM-PC, for example, is muchmore costly than an Atari-800. The cabinet or enclo-sure that comes with several systems adds a sizablesum to the total price. So do any peripherals that areincluded in the system.

Several systems require minicomputers or main-frame computers, and allow you to network severalterminals on one computer. These systems can be de-sirable in many situations. The primary manufacturersthat support such systems are Control Data Corpora-tion with the PLATO system, Digital Equipment Cor-poration with the IVIS system, Hazeltine Corporationwith the MicrolICCIT system, and WICAT Systems.Each has its own high-level authoring features andready-to-nm software.

Appendix E outlines several currently availablevideodisc system packages. If you choose one ofttiese systems, you should carefully consider the ca-

pabilities of the host microcomputer and all functionsyou need for specific applications.

21 Intemcdve Videodiscs 13

CHAPTER 8. EDUCATIONAL VIDEODISCSOFTWARE

Videodiscs are produced In two formats: Con-stant Linear Velocity (CLV) for limited interactiveuses, and Constant Angular Velocity (CAV) for highlyinteractive instruction. The CLV format allows onlyfor Chapter Stops, while the CAV format allows all in-teractive functions including still frames and randomaccess to any disc frame.

While total interactivity may be desirable, youcan fill many educational needs using the limitedfunctions of the linear (CLV) discs. You can teach vi-sual arts, music, and dance, for example, using onlyChapter Stops to access major division points of thework.

In science or mathematics, today's teachingstyles demand greater interactivity. As the list of edu-cational videodiscs increases, there will be a markedemphasis on highly interactive programs.

The term "linear disc" refers to a CAV or CLVdisc with materials that are, from an educational per-spective, limited in their interactive possibilities. Thediscs are normally designed for straight play applica-tions.

An interactive disc is a CAV disc that has materi-als suitable for programing with an internal or exter-nal microprocessor.

A programed disc is an interactive CAV disc thathas available computer software or, in some cases,necessary computer software either on diskettes oron the videodisc itself in the Level Two applications.

Appendix F lists current educational videodiscson the market. All the discs listed are pressed in theNTSC television standard and are designed to be usedin videodisc players sold in America and other coun-tries using the NTSC standard. The hardware and soft-ware requirements of each disc are identified whenev-er possible. The programed discs are the discs thatneed special attention from the hardware and com-puter software perspective. Linear and interactivediscs are functional on any system.

Several mail order houses sell commercial laserdiscs at about 10 percent less than retail cost, andmany of their discs are useful in the educational set-ting. All of the discs distributed by Pioneer Video canbe purchased through these mail order companies. In-stant Replay also carries discs from Pioneer Video Ja-pan (noted as imported titles). Be careful when pur-chasing discs in this manner because many familiartitles are dubbed in Japanese or have Japanese subti-tles. If you are ordering by phone, do not hesitate tobe specific in stating what you want or do not want.Addresses and telephone numbers for several mail or-


der companies are listed in Appendix F.

VIDEODISC MASTERING

The other aspect of the videodisc itself is themastering and pressing of the discs. The most effi-cient way for you to get started in producing yourown discs is to share with others the cost of pressinga disc. This option allows you to pay only for thespace that is absolutely needed on a disc. Severalgroups offer this service and usually offer productionservices to those clients who do not have adequateproduction facilities. APh Technological Consultantsoffer a program called Share Disc. They press shareddiscs once a week with a one-week turnaround time.They offer a variety of production services as well.Comsell has an open disc service that offers a shareddisc pressed at least once a month; production serv-ices are also available. Learning Link and 11CS (Inter-national Interactive Communications Society) alsohave similar programs with production services as anoption. In Canada, 3rd Wave Media Consultants willoffer many of the same services.

Another inexpensive way to master a disc is touse the services of a company such as Spectra Image.This company will press a 25-minute CM/ disc for$300 in 24 hours. The video and audio quality of thesequick discs is not as good as that of discs pressed inthe normal fashion. They are meant to be low-costproofing discs that can be used to check frame num-bers and test interactive programing.

Laser Video has the same type of limited-quanti-ty, fast-turnaround service, but they give you thequality and full 30-minute storage capacity availablefrom the larger mastering facilities. Laser Video willprovide a 30-minute CAV or 60-minute CLV disc in 24hours with a high degree of quality control for $2,000.

The next group of companies produce quality-controlled videodisc masters and can replicate themin large quantities. Each company has special ar-rangements for digital dumps, special encoding, 24-hour turnaround, and packaging. This book does nItdiscuss the production of videodiscs, but Appendix Goffers a resource for those interested in producingtheir own materials. It lists the names and addressesof the primary companies involved in the technologyas well as comparison charts outlining set-up andper-disc costs of each volume mastering facility in theUnited States.

22

CHAPTER 9. INTERACTIVE VIDEODISCAUTHORING LANGUAGES

Authoring languages used with videodisc playersare computer programs allowing an individual whohas no computer background to design lessons for vi-deodiscs on a microcomputer. Each language is de-signed to be compatible with one of the major com-puters on the market. It is crucial in the selection ofan Authoring language that you select the languagethat is correct for the microcomputer that you will beusing.

The most common system is menu driven. In thiskind of system, a series of menus takes you throughthe programing possibilities and allows you to makedecisions based on available options. This system isvery easy to use and requires no understanding ofcomputers. All of the actual computer code is writtenby the authoring language program based on your re-sponses to the menu questions. The addition of pe-ripheral devices is nicely accommodated with mostlanguages.

Other authoring languages offer more versatileoptions, but they generally require more knowledge ofthe hardware and of computer programing. AppendixH lists several systems that are compatible with inter-active videodisc applications.


CHAPTER 10. VIDEODISC CARE ANDMAINTENANCE

VIDEODISC CARE

Videodiscs themselves are quite durable. Theyare, however, not indestructablei The discs, whenabused, can crack or warp. Minor scratches on thedisc surface do not normally affect the playback.Large scratches or foreign substances on the disc willaffect the playback. The only way to ensure that thediscs will always play correctly is to handle them withcare.

The easiest way to eliminate possible problems isto handle the discs as if they were phonograph rec-ords. Store the discs standing on end on a shelf awayfrom the sun and heat sources. Do not place the discson top of the player, amplifier, or other warm equip-ment. Handle the discs only by their edges and cen-ter. Although the plastic coating on the disc protectsit from damage, discs will not play correctly if theyare warped, dirty, or scratched, and they may damagethe player. The discs should be wiped clean with asoft cloth before each use, and should be at roomtemperature before they are played. Moisture maycondense on the surface of the disc and affect its per-formance.

Remove the tight cellophane wrap that sealsmost newly purchased disc jackets as soon as possi-ble. This cellophane can tighten around the jacketand may warp the disc if it is stored that way for along time.

Testing for a warped disc is easy. Place the discon a flat surface and check to see if the disc is touch-ing the surface on all sides. If a gap exists under anypart of the disc, there is a potential problem. If thegap exceeds the thickness of a nickel, you need toflatten the disc. You can do this by placing the discbetween two flat surfaces with evenly distributedweights on top. A day or two in this.improvised pressshould put the disc into playable condition.

SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT

The environment necessary to support a video-disc system is fairly reasonable. The room tempera-ture should be between 45 and 95 degrees Farenheit(5 to 30 degrees Centigrade), with humidity rangingbetween 0 and 90 percent. The optimal condition, ofcourse, lies somewhere in between. It is wise to letequipment warm up for a minute or two if it is movedfrom a cold room to a warm one. This will allow anymoisture that has collected to evaporate. Although

16 Interactive VIdeodscs

there probably is little chance of damage, the morecare you give a system, the longer it will last. Inequipment placement, be certain that the equipmenthas adequate ventilation. Heat will build up very fastin enclosed areas such as cabinets, and this can re-sult in serious damage.

HARDWARE MAINTENANCE

Repair and maintenance should be performed bya knowledgeable person. You should allow for mainte-nance and repair of equipment in your budget beforeproblems arise. Most of the problems you are likely toencounter will be minor, but even minor problemscan make a system inoperable. Many companies offerservice contracts for selected hardware. You alsomight arrange for service from the dealer that sup-plied the hardware. Although it is unlikely that youwill need major repairs for the hardware listed, youshould consider some type of service contract. If youwork in a large institution, you might already have acontract that covers all video equipment or computerequipment, or you may be able to add more items toan existing contract.

One company that provides this service is theWarrantech Corporation. This firm will provide ex-tended warranty coverage on most videodisc-relateditems. Based in New York, Warrantech has a chain ofauthorized service centers in all fifty states. The ex-tended warranty begins upon the expiration of theoriginal manufacturer's warranty on labor or parts,whichever occurs first. The coverage can extend upto five years from the original purchase date of theitem. Appendix I lists Warrantech's address and thecurrent costs for some of the items covered.

24

APPENDIX A. DIRECTORY OF LASER DISCPLAYERS

CURRENT LEVEL ZERO PLATERS

Pioneer Video

LD-660 Videodisc Player

VideoVideo Response:S/N Ratio:VHF Output:Impedance:

AudioOutput Level:

Harmonic Distortion:

S/N Ratio:

Frequency Response:CX Encoding:

NTSC specificationMore than 42 dBChannel 3 or 4 (switchable)75 ohms unbalanced

650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 03% (1kHz 75%mod.)More than 70 dB (CX on,1KHz 100% mod.)40Hz-20kHzYes

Interactive CapabilitiesMemory: NoneInterface: NoneAccess Time: None

Other FeaturesLaser:Power:Power Consumption:Temperature Range:

Disc Format:Dimensions (WxHxD):

Weight:Price:

6328 Angstrom, He-Ne 1 mWAC 120V/60Hz85 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch525x143x395 mm(2011/46x55/13x159/16 in)

13 kg (28 lb, 10 oz)$299

CURRENT LEVEL ONE PLATERS

Hitachi

VIP-9500 Videodisc Player

Video

Video Response:S/N Ratio:VHF Output:Impedance:

NTSC specificationMore than 42 dB

75 ohms unbalanced

AudioOutput Level:


S/N Ratio:


Interactive CapabilitiesMemory:Interface:Access Time:

Other FeaturesLaser:

Power:Power Consumption:Temperature Range:


Weight:Price:

650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 03% (1kHz 75%mod.)More than 70 dB (CX on,1KHz 100% mod.)40Hz-20kHzYes

NoneRS-232C, Serial, 9600 bps3 seconds, Instant Jump 180Fwd., 100 Rev.

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mWAC 120V/60Hz45 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch435x112x424 mm(17Vax4Vax163/4 in)11 kg (24 lb)$1,550

Hitachi

VIP-9550 Videodisc Player


AudioOutput Level:

Harmonic Distortion:S/N Ratio:


25

NTSC specificationMore than 42 dB

75 ohms

650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)

More than 70 dB (CX on,1KHz 100% mod.)40Hz-20kHzYes






Weight:Price:

NoneRS-232C, Serial, 9600 bps3 seconds, Instant Jump 200Fwd., 200 Rev.

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mWAC 120V/60Hz33 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch435x115x415 mm(171/8x41/2x16% in)12 kg (26 lb)$1,550

MagnavoxVC-8040GY Videodisc Player


AudioOutput Level:


S/N Ratio:Frequency Response:CX Encoding:

Interactive CapabilitiesMemory:interface:Access Time:




Weight:Price:



650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 0.3% (1kHz 75%mod.)More than 75 dB (CX on)40Hz-20kHzYes

None8 pin DIN connector10 seconds maximum searchtime

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode 3mWAC 120V/60Hz30 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch420x120x414.8 mm(16V2x4V4x161/4 in12.4 kg (27.3 lb)$750

PhilipsVP-935 Videodisc Player


AudioOutput Level:Harmonic Distortion:S/Isi Ratio:Frequency Response:CX Encoding:

Interactive CapabilitiesMemory:Interface:

Access Time:

Other FeaturesLaser:Power:

Power ConsumptionTemperature Range:Disc Format:Dimensions (WxHxD):Weight:Price:

NTSC specificationMore than 42 dBOptional RF-modulator

Optional

NoneRS-232C/110-96W baud withF-command set, optionalIEEE 488 parallel control bus3 seconds, Instant Jump 100Fwd., 100 Rev.

AC 120V/60Hz, 220V/50Hz, or240W50Hz

CAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch535x125x457 mm13 kg$1,395

Pioneer VideoLD-700 Videodisc Player


AudioOutput Level:





Interactive CapabilitiesMemory: None

26

Interface:Access Time:




Weight:Price:

8 pin DIN connector10 seconds maximum searchtime

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mWAC 120V/60Hz30 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch420x120x414.8 mm(161/2x4V4x161/4 in)12.4 kg (27 lb, 5 oz)$800

Pioneer VideoCID-900 Videodisc Player


Audio (Analog)Output Level:



Audio (Digital)Output Level:

Harmonic Distortion:S/N Ratio:Frequency Response:


650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 03% (1kHz 75%mod.)76 dB20Hz-20kHzYes

650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 0.003%96 dB5Hz-20kHz

Interactive CapabilitiesMemory: NoneInterface: Serial 24 pin and 8 pin DIN

connectorAccess Time:

Other FeaturesUser:

Power:Power Consumption:

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mWAC 120V/50/60Hz45 watts

Temperature Range:


Weight:Price:

+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV/CD420x168x447 mm(163'isx63/4x17% in)15.6 kg (341b, 7oz)$1,200

Pioneer VideoLD-V4000 Videodisc Player


AudioOutput Level:



Interactive CapabilitiesMemory:Interface:

Access Time:




Weight:Price:


650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 03% (1kHz 75%mod.)More than 75 dB (CX on)40Hz-20kHzYes

NoneSerial 24 pin and 8 pin DINconnector6 seconds maximum searchtime

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mWAC 120V/60Hz33 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95slegrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch42x12x41.5 cm (16.5x4.7x16.3in)12.4 kg (27 lb, 5 oz)$900

Pioneer VideoPR-8210 Videodisc Player


2 7


Interactive Indeodiscs 19

AudioOutput Level:




Other FeaturesLaser:Power:Power Consumption:Temperature Range:Disc Format:Dimensions (WxHxD):

Weight:Price:


NoneSerial Host Computer Port15 seconds maximum searchtime

6,328 Angstrom, He-Ne 1 mWAC 120V/60Hz85 watts (UL)+45 to +95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch525x143x402 mm(202V32x5%x1513i6 in)13.5 kg (29 lb, 13 oz)$499

SylvaniaVP-7400SL Videodisc Player


AudioOutput Level:








None8 pin DIN connector10 seconds maximum searchtime

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mW



Weight:Price:

AC 120V/60Hz30 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch420x120x414.8 mm(161/2x4x161/4 in)12.4 k., (27.3 lb)$750

CURRENT LEVEL TWO MAYERS

Sony VideoLDP-1000A Videodisc Player

VideoVideo Response:SIN Ratio:VHF Output:Impedance:

AudioOutput Level:



Interactive CapabilitiesMemory:

Interface:

Access Time:

Other FeaturesLaser:Power:Power Consumption:Temperature Range:


Weight:Price:


Less than 2K ohms (100%mod., 47K ohm load) unbal-ancedLess than 03% (1kHz 75%mod.)More than 50 dB40Hz-20kHzNo

5K byte programable micro-processorRS-232C connector for EXTCPV5 seconds maximum searchtime

6,328 Angstrom, He-Ne 1 mWAC 120V/60Hz110 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch542x160x415 mm(21%x61/4x16 in)19.6 kg (43 lb, 3oz)$2,500


28


AudioOutput Level:Harmonic Distortion:

S/N Ratio:


Interactive CapabilitiesMemo ly:

Interface:Access Time:




Weight:Price:


3.3K ohmsLess than 05% (1kHz 75%mod.)67 dB with CX, 55 dB withoutCX20Hz-20kHzYes

7K byte programable micro-processorRS-232C built-in interface3 seconds maximum searchtime

7,800 Angstrom, laser diode, 3mWAC 120V/50/60Hz40 watts (UL)+5 to +30 degrees C, +45 to+95 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch420x150x415 mm(16.6x5.9x16.4 in)14 kg (30Ib, 13 oz)$1,490

CURRENT LEVEL THREE PLAYERS

PhilipsVP-832 Videodisc Player

VideoVideo Response:S/N Ratio:VHF Output:

Impedance:

AudioOutput Level:Harmonic DistortionS/N Ratio:Frequency Response:CX Encoding:

Interactive CapabilitiesMemory:

NTSC specification

Optional RF modulator, chan-nel 3 or 4 (switchable)

Optional

None

Interface:

Access Time:

Other FeaturesLaser:Power:

Power Consumption:Temperature Range:Disc Format:Dimensions (WxHxD):

Weight:Price:

RS-232C port, optional IEEE488 port5 seconds, Instant Jump 250frames

He-NeAC 120V/60Hz, 220V/50Hz, or240V/50Hz

CAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch535x175x410 mm (21x6.9x16.1in)12 kg (26 lb)$1,395


VideoVideo Response:S/N Ratio:

VHF Output:Impedance:

AudioOutput Level:




Other FeaturesUser:Power:Power Consumption:Temperature Range:


Weight:Price:

2 9

NTSC specificationMore than 40 dB (CCIRweighted)Channel 3 or 4 (switchable)75 ohms unbalanced

650 mVrms nominal (1kHz100% mod. 50K ohms termi-nated)Less than 05% (1kHz 75%mod.)More than 50 dB40Hz-20kHzYes

512 User Register LocationsParallel I/03 seconds, Instant Jump 100frames

6,328 Angstrom, He-Ne 1 mWAC 120V/60Hz60 watts (UL)+5 to +40 degrees C, +45 to+104 degrees FCAV/CLV, 12-inch and 8-inch52.5x14.3x395 cm(20.7x5.6x15.6 in)15 kg (33 lb)$1,200

Interactive Wdeodiscs 21

APPENDIX B. DIRECTORY OF TELEVISIONMONITORS AND TELEVISION PROJECTORS

TELEVISION MONITORS

ElectrohomeECV-25N Television Monitor

VideoPicture Size:Picture Tube:Video Input:H. Resolution:

AudioAudio Input:Audio Output:

Other FeaturesPower:Power Consumption:Dimensions (WxHxD):

Weight:Price:

25-inch diagonal

10 watts RMS

AC 120V/60Hz

628x610x583 mm(2423/32x24x2215116 in)

MitsubishiCS-2061R Television Receiver/Monitor

VideoPicture Size:Picture Tube:Video Input:

H. Resolution:


Other FeaturesPower:Power Consumption:Dimensions (WxHxD):Weight:Price:

NECCM-1991A Television

VideoPicture Size:


20-inch diagonal

RGB, NTSC-composite video,or RF320 lines

Stereo line inStereo line out (built-inspeakers)

AC 120V/60Hz

20V2x19x191/4 in

$820

Monitor

19-inch diagonal

Picture Tube:Video Input:

H. Resolution:


Other FeaturesPower:Power Consumption:Dimensions (WxHxD):Weight:Price: $850

90 degree reflectionNTSC-composite video, RGB(TTL and linear)350 lines

Line in5 watts, 8 ohms

AC 120V/60Hz90 watts

,OptionsSX-S25 speakersTV Tuner

NECC25-900A Television Monitor


AudioAudio Input:

Audio Output:

OtherPower:Power Consumption:Dimensions (WxHxD):

Weight:Price:

OptionsNS-2600 Speaker Sys-temTU-820EN 1V Tuner

30

19-inch diagonal90 degree deflectionNTSC-composite video370 lines

0.4Vnns, high impedance, un-balanced7 watts per channel, 8 ohms

AC 120V/60Hz130 watts668x592x519 mm(261/2x233'8x201/2 in)42 kg (92.4 lbs)$850

NECCM-2591A Television Monitor


H. Resolution:



OptionsSpeaker SystemTV Tuner

25-inch diagonal100 degree deflectionNTSC-composite video, RGB(TTL or linear)350 lines

Line level5 watts, 8 ohms

AC 120V/60Hz125 watts

$1,100

SonyKX-1901 Television Monitor

VideoPicture Size:Picture Tube:

Video Input:H. Resolution:



Weight:Price:

OptionsVTX-1000R TV TunerRM-705 Remote Con-trolSS-X1A Speaker Sys-tem ($70)SS-X10A Speaker Sys-tem ($115)

19-inch diagonalTrinitron, 100 degree deflec-tionNTSC-composite video, RGB

-5 dB (436 mVrms), 47K ohms5 watts, 8 or 16 ohms

AC 120V/60Hz93 watts504x452x480 mm(197/8x177/8x19 in)33 kg (72 lb, 12 oz)$720

SonyKX-2301 Television Monitor


Video Input:H. Resolution:



Weight:Price:

OptionsVTX-1000R IV TunerRM-705 Remote Con-trolSS-X1A Speaker Sys-tem ($70)SS-X10A Speaker Sys-tem ($115)

25-inch diagonalTrinitron, 114 degree deflec-tionNTSC-composite video, RGB

-5 dB (436 mVrms) 47K ohms5 watts, 8 or 16 ohms

AC 120V/60Hz132 watts660x560x487 mm(26x22Y8x191/4 in)55 kg (121 lb, 4 oz)$1,090

SonyPVM-1271Q Television Monitor


Video Input:

H. Resolution:



12-inch diagonalTrinitron, 025 mm RGB phos-phor-stripe pitchNTSC-composite video, RGB,PAL, SECAM500 lines (video), 600 lines(RGB)

Line level

AC 120V/60Hz

131/2x1316x153i6 in32 lb, 2 oz$915


SonyPVM-1810 Television Monitor


H. Resolution:



19-inch diagonalTrinitronNTSC-composite video, ana-log/digital RGB

AC 120V/60Hz

191/4x181/4c211/4 in63 lb, 15 oz$730

Videotek Inc.RM-19 Television Monitor




19-inch diagonalTrinitron PlusNTSC-composite video

Line level8 ohms

AC 120V/60Hz

245/8x181/4x154 in75 lb$930

Videotek IncRM-21 Television Monitor




21-inch diagonalTrinitron PlusNTSC-composite video

Line level8 ohms


AC 120V/60Hz

275/8x201/4x161/4 in82 lb$1,120

SELF-CONTAINED TELEVISIONPROJECTORS

HitachiCT5011 Projection Television

VideoPicture Size:Picture Type:Video Input:Brightness:



50-inch diagonalFront projection consoleRF, NTSC-composite video120 ft lamberts

Line level20 watts stereo, built-inspeakers

AC 120V/60Hz121 watts31Y4x62V2x421/4 in (open)

$1,500

NECPJ-4000EN Projection Television

VideoPicture Size:Picture Type:

Video Input:

Brightness:



Weight:Price:

32

40-inch diagonalRear projection console, 5-inch refractive CRTVHF, 75 ohms unbalanced,NTSC-composite video150 ft lamberts at center

Line level20 watts, built-in speakers

AC 120V/60Hz

940x1240x560 mm(37x4816x22 in)

$2,800

SonyRVP-460 Projection Television

VideoPicture Size:Picture Type:Video Input:

Brightness:



OptionModular Base

46-inch diagonalRear projection consoleRF, NTSC-composite, RGB(analog or digital)

Line level10 watts stereo (built-inspeakers)

AC 120V/60Hz

41x45x24% in229 lb, 5 oz$4,400

MOUNTABLE ThLEVISIONPROJECTORS

Electrohome (U.S.A.) LimitedECP 1000 Television Projection System

OpticalProjection System:

Picture Tube:Projection Lens:Picture Size:Picture Brightness:

Throwing Distance:

GeneralVideo Format:RGB Resolution:Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Power Requirements:

Power Consumption:Dimensions (HxWxD):

Weight:Price:

3-Tube, 3-Lens, Front or RearScreen

Single lens, dichroic design5 ft to 7 ft diagonal130 ft lamberts (6-ft image 10gain)87.5 in

NTSC

600 lines15kHz to 33kHz45Hz to 100HzAC 90V-132V or 180V-264V,50/60Hz250 watts254x956x651 mm(10x37.63x25.63 in)75 lb$14,000

Electronic Systems Products, Inc.Aquaray Television Projection System

OpticalProjection System:Picture Tube:

Projection Lens:Picture Size:Picture Brightness:Throwing Distance:

GeneralVideo Format:RGB Resolution:Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Power Requirements:Power Consumption:Dimensions (HxWxD):Weight:Price:

OptionsHigh-resolution coatedlensesLenses for smallerthan 4-ft imagesCeiling mounts

3 Tube, 3 Lens Front Screen3 Cathode Ray Tubes, 35KV at1 ma eachf1.0 Refractive Lenses4 ft to 25 ft wide

1.5 times screen width (6-ftimage = 9-ft throw)

NTSC composite videoN/A330 lines

AC 115V/60Hz, 220V/50Hz300 watts7.5x21x24.5 in49 lb

Electronic Systems Products, Inc.Aquastar IIIC Television Projection System


Picture Tube:

Projection Lens:

Picture Size:Picture BrightnessThrowing Distance:

GeneralVideo Format:

RGB Resolution:Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Power Requirements:

33

3 Tube, 3 Lens Front or RearScreen3 Cathode Ray Tubes, 36KV at1 ma eachHigh-resolution, coated f1.0lenses4 ft to 20 ft wide

1.5 times screen width (6-ftimage = 9-ft throw)

PAL, SECAM, NTSC compositevideo800 lines330 lines15kHz to 37kHz40Hz to 120HzAC 115V/60Hz, 220V/50Hz


Power Consumption:Dimensions (HxWxD):Weight:Price:

OptionsLenses for smaller orlarger imagesCeiling Mounts

400 watts22x51x72 cm (9.5x20x28.5 in)33.7 kg (75 lb)$13,995

General Electric CompanyTalaria PJ4500 Television Projectors

OpticalProjection System:Picture Tube:Projection Lens:

Picture Size:Picture Brightness:Throwing Distance:



Single-gun single-path systemSingle optical path light valve86 mm lens, less than 13%distortion4 ft to greater than 24 ft325 lumens5 ft to 200 ft

NTSC or RGB625 lines, 50 fps525 lines, 60 fps

105 to 132v or 190 to 260v 50/60 Hz900 watts maximum22x17x34 in145 lb$35,000




Genera/Video Format:RGB Resolution:Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Power Requirements:




105 to 132v or 190 to 260v 50/60 Hz


900 watts maximum22x17x34 in145 lb$79,000








105 to 132v or 190 to 260v 50/60 Hz900 watts maximum22x17x34 in145 lb$90,000

Inflight Services, Inc.V Star 4C Television Projection System


Picture Tube:

Projection Lens:

Picture Size:Picture Brightness:

Throwing Distance:


RGB Resolution:

Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Power Requirements:

3 4

3 Tube, 3 Lens Front or RearScreen5" High-resolution projectiontubesDelta-2D, f1.0 coated, color-corrected50 in to 20 ft diagonally480 ft lamberts (10 gainscreen)1.5 times screen width

PAL, SECAM, NTSC 358, NTSC4.43625 lines, 50 field, 10mHz fulldrive525 lines, 60 field14kHz to 32kHz45Hz to 100HzAC 110V/220V, 50Hz to 900Hz


200 watts91/4x221/4x291/4 in

70 lb$14,495

Might Services, Inc.V Star 4 Television Projection System


Picture Tube:

Projection Lens:Picture Size:Picture Brightness:

Throwing Distance:


RGB Resolution:

Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Power Requirements:Power Consumption:Dimensions (HxWxD):Weight:Price:

3 Tube, 3 Lens Front or RearScreen5" High-resolution projectiontubesf1.0 coated lenses50 in to 20 ft diagonally480 ft lamberts (10 gainscreen)1.5 times screen width

PAL, SECAM, NTSC 3.58, NTSC4.43625 lines, 50 field, 10mHz fulldrive525 lines, 60 field

AC 110V/220V, 50Hz to 900Hz200 watts91/4x22x291/4 in70 lb$7,900

Sony Video Communications CompanyVidMagic FP-60 Television Projection System


Picture Tube:


Throwing Distance:


Single Lens Front Screen sys-tem5.25" high-brightness colortubeAcrylic lense f1.0/130 mm30 to 200 in diagonally50 ft lamberts with 19 gain55" screenApprox. 1.1 m (3.7 ft) with 30in screenApprox. 2 m (6.7 ft) with 55 inscreenApprox. 3.8 m (12.7 ft) with100 in screen

NTSC-composite video, VHF/UHF

3 5

Video Resolution:Horizontal Scan:Vertical Scan:Audio:

Power Requirements:Power Consumption:Dimensions (HxWxD):

Weight:Price:

OptionsRM-27 remote controlunit with microphoneVLC-60 projector car-Wing bag

240 lines

Built-in 3 watt public addresssystemAC 120V/60Hz110 watts246x220x668 mm(93/4x834x26 in)14 kg (30 lb, 14 oz)$2,150 for basic system$2,995 with built-in Betamaxsystem

Sony Video Communications CompanyVPH-1020Q Television Projection System


Picture Tube:

Projection Lens:Picture Size:Picture Brightness:Throwing Distance:


OptionsVPR-722 remote con-trollerSV-722 projector ped-estalVPS-F100 video screen($720)VPS-100HG1 videoscreen ($500)PSS-722 ceiling mount

3 Tube, 3 Lens Front Screensystem5.5 in high-brightness mono-chrome tubesAcrylic lenses f1.0/130 mm100 in diagonallyMore than 65 ft lambertsApprox. 3,368 mm (132.75 in)

PAL, SECAM, NTSC, NTSC 4.43600 lines, 2000 characters400 lines15.75kHz60HzAC 110V/240V, 50Hz/60Hz165 watts1025x20x23.63 in26 kg (57 lb., 5 oz)$5,850


Sony Video Communications CompanyVPH-722Q Television Projection System


Picture Tube:


Throwing Distance:


OptionsVPR-722 remote con-trollerSV-722 projector ped-estalVPS-F100 video screen($720)VPS-100HG1 videoscreen ($500)PSS-722 ceiling mount


3 Tube, 3 Lens Front Screensystem5.5 in. high-brightness mono-chrome tubeAcrylic lenses, f1.0/130 mm72 in diagonally130 ft lamberts (13 gainscreen)Approximately 2,480 mm(97.75 in.)

PAL, SECAM, NTSC, NTSC 4.43600 lines, 2000 characters400 lines15.75kHz60HzAC 120V/50Hz/60Hz165 watts1025x20x23.63 in26 kg (57 lb, 5 oz)$5,850

36

APPENDIX C. DIRECTORY OF LASER DISCINTERFACES

Allen CommunicationINC (Universal Video Controller)

This unit is an intelligent, self-contained interface thatlinks virtually any computer with multiple videodiscand videotape players.

FeaturesControls up to two disc players and two tape play-

ers1K RAM bufferZ80 microprocessor, 25 MzRS-232C connectors

Auto baud rate detection from 150 to 19,200 bpsAccepts four audio sources, switches two channels

outAccepts three video sources, switches one channelout

Supports overlay of synchronized videoCustom cables and demo disc/tape provided

Price: $1,200

Allen CommunicationsVMI (Videodisc-Microcomputer Interface)

This unit will interface an Apple II computer with anyof the disc players currently on the market.

FeaturesCan use either Apple Pascal or BASIC formatsMultiple boards in one computer can run several vi-

deodisc playersStandard RS-232C connectionsBaud rates: 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, and 9600

bpsSoftware can switch audio and video between moni-

tor or computer inputCables and demo disc provided

Price: $575

OptionsEnhanced Super Pilot authoring softwareMicrokeyer video overlay board

*Software and cables for additional players

Allen CommunicationsMVP (Most Valuable Peripheral) Interface

FeaturesCompatible with Apple 11+, Ile, 11c, Commodore 64,

Atari, and other micros in progressSupports Pioneer VP-1000, PR-8210, LD-V700, LD-

V4000, Magnavox 8010, and Sylvania 7200 playersCan use Pascal, BASIC or Super Pilot programsSoftware command menu provides exercise of all

commands through single keystrokesSoftware can switch audio and video between moni-

tor or computer inputCables and demo disc provided

Price: $149.95

Anthro-DigitalOmniscan Laser Videodisc Interface

FeaturesSingle screen switchingFor use with Apple II or Ile computersCompatible with the following laser disc players:

Pioneer VP-1000, LD-1100, and PR-8210; Sylvania VP-7200; and Magnavox VC-8010GY

Complete with necessary cablesDocumentation and tutorial providedSoftware included in Applesoft, BASIC, Machine Lan-

guage, Apple UCSD Pascal, and Super Pilot

Price: $250

OptionsWireless control ($30)Pascal and Super Pilot drivers ($25)

BCD AssociatesVIPc IBM-PC Videotape/Videodisc Controller

FeaturesContains internal microprocessorSimple user conli..ands can access all videodisc

functionsCompatible with all current disc players except Hi-

tachi, Philips, and Pioneer LD-V6000Compatible with 1BM-PC, Compaq, Columbia, Coro-

na, and other similar computersPlug-in board comes with up to two modules for

disc, tape, or one of each

37 interactive Videodiscs 29

Supports use of Microkey graphics overlay system

Price: $1,195.

OptionsBoard with combination of any two modules tape or

disc ($1,695)Microkey overlay system for IBM ($2,800)

Bell & HowellVideodisc Interface Card

FeaturesFor use with Apple II+ or Ile computersCompatible with Sony LDP-1000 laser disc playerCompatible with PASS authoring systemCapable of sound over computer generated graphicsSingle screen switching5 ft analog cable5 ft control signal cableSupported by Bell & Howell AVA system software

Price: $600

De lex Systems, Inc.Discmate 1.5 Controller and Still Frame AudioUnit

The Discmate 1.5 works as a videodisc controller byusing audio codes placed on an audiocassette player.One track of the audio can be used for narration orinstructions while the other track contains disc con-trolling information.

FeaturesAudio information can be updated easily and quick-ly

Full function capabilities, stop, play, slow forward orreverse, frame or chapter search.

Works with low-cost videodisc players with serialcomputer port

Can be easily modified for use with any videodiscplayer

Uses an ordinary stereo audiocassette recorder

Price: $450

Destron, Inc.Videodisc Switcher Interface

FeaturesCompatible with any player with an RS-232 buss slotControls two disc players and three video sourcesSoftware drivers in Applesoft BASIC, Pascal, and

CP/M


Controls all player functionsFor use with Apple computers

Grahpics overlay capabilities

Price: $650

Digital ControlsRed Card Interface

FeaturesFor use with Airp le II computersSingle monitor screen switchingNo modifications required

All cables, connectors, software, and documentationprovided

6809 CPUBaud rate switchable: 19,200 to 150Serial RS-232C, parallel IEEE-488Software-controlled DPDT relay video switcher4K ROM, 2K RAM

Compatible with Pioneer PR-7320 and Sony LDP-1000

Price: $500

Digital ControlsRed Max Interface

FeaturesFor use with any RS-232 equipped microcomputerSingle monitor screen switching from two video

sources and computer video signalNo modifications requiredOnboard power supply

All cables, connectors, software, and documentationprovided

6809 CPUBaud rate switchable: 9600 to 300Serial RS-232C, parallel 24 pin IEEE-488Software-controllee DPDT relay video switcher8/16K ROM, 2K RAM

Compatible laser disc players: Pioneer PR-7820, PR-8210; Sony LDP-1000

Compatible tape players: Sony 1/2-inch Beta SLO-323,Panasonic 1/2-inch NV-820

Microprocessor-based command processing

Price: $550

IEV CorporationIEV-40 IBM-PC Overlay and Disc Controller Board

FeaturesOverlay RGB onto NTSC composite video

38

Can drive NTSC or RGB color monitorsGen lock sync generator syncs to videodisc or video-

tape playersControl features for videodisc or videotape playersAvallable with RS-232 (IEV-40A) or programable par-

allel port control (IEV-40B)Compatible with IBM-PC or KrSingle screen switchingChoice of several optional graphics boards that are

compatible with most standard IBM software pro-grams

Price: $550

OptionsIEV-10A color graphics board ($450)IEV-20A high-resolution color graphics board

640x408x16 ($995)IEV-20B high-resolution color graphics board

640x408x16 with palette of 4096 and onboard Motor-ola 68000 32-bit micro ($1,395)

IEV-30 very high resolution color graphics cardavailable soon ($2,000 est.)

IEV CorporationIEV-60 Disc Controller System with Graphic Over-lay

FeaturesOverlay RGB onto NTSC composite videoCan drive NTSC or RGB color monitorsGen lock sync generator syncs to videodisc or video-

tape playersControl features for videodisc or videotape playersContains onboard Motorola 68000 32-bit micropro-

cessor with memory to run user programsRequires no additional microcomputerParallel or serial ports allow compatability with

most current microprocessorsGraphics resolution of 640x408x16 from a palettc of

4096Single screen switchingText and special characters of different styles and

sizesGraphics commands for picture creationControlled by most higher-level languages, including

Pascal, BASIC, FORTRAN, and COBOL

Price: to be announced

Interactive Training SystemsITS-3000 Interface Controller

FeaturesFor use with IBM-PC computersWorks with Beta or VHS videotape and laser disc

playersConverts NTSC video to RGB videoSupports earphone attachmentRS-232C connectionsSingle screen switchingGraphic overlay capabilitiesTime code reader and regenerator1200 baud interface, 8 bit ASCII with 2 stop bitsDimensions (HxW xD) 33x18.75x14.25 in

Price: $2,995

JAM IncorporatedJAM Card Videodisc Interface

FeaturesFor use with IBM-PC computersSingle screen switchingSerial or parallel capabilitiesCompatible with the follow: players: Pioneer LD-

V1000, 7820-3, and 8210; Sony LDP-1000 and 1000A;and Hitachi 8500 and 9500

Software support drivers includedOne set of specified cables included

Price: $395

New Media GraphicsDisc Master 1000 Videodisc Interface

FeaturesFor use with RS-232 equipped microcomputersBaud rate switchable 9600 to 300Word length 8 bits data, 1 bit stopDimensions (HxWxD) 5x51/4x1V2 in, weight 1.5 lb25 pin, male DB25 type for RS-232C connectionsCompatible players: Pioneer VP-1000, LD-1000, PR-

8210, and PR-7820; Magnavox VC-8010GY; and Syl-vania VP-7200

Price: $90

Online Computer System.VDC-100 Videodisc Conti. alter "ioard

FeauresFor use with IBM-PC cal tutIncludes touch panel 1.,t_ tor Sony PVM-1271QAllows multiple controllers within one PCControls any interactive laser disc player

3 9Interactive Videodiscs 31

Includes cables for specified configurationAny cable configuration is optionally available

Price: $350

OptionsSecond set of cables ($75)Pilot Plus ($1,000)Pascal MT+ library (MO)C library ($100)

Online Computer Systems, Inc.G10512 Videodisc Controller with Overlay

FeaturesHigh resolution graphics 512x480 pixels16 colors from a palette of 4096Hardware pan and zoom (256x240x16 color resolu-

tion)Video images can be overlayed with position-depen-

dent graphicsMultiple card options for one PC to control multiple

displays and disc playersAll interface hardware included to run disc playerand peripherals

Controls most laser videodisc playersBroadcast quality RGB color graphics

Price: $1,500

OptionsPascal MT+ library ($150)C library ($150)PilotPlus ($1,000)Studio-PC graphics ($1,200)

Pioneer VideoSIA IU-03 Serial Interface Adapter

This device is a communications adapter that con-nects RS-232 compatible microcomputers with thePioneer LD-V1000 videodisc player.

FeaturesCan act as stand-alone controller for the LD-V1000

with user-supplied EPROMSupports player output protocolThree command formats available including ASCII

mnemonic format400 byte RAM input buffer600 byte RAM output buffer

Price: $300


SymtecDVA Videodisc Control Card

FeaturesPlugs into single APPLE peripheral slot8-bit parallel bidirectional communicationSoftware supports 7820-2 and 7820-3 playersSingle screen switchingSoftware on DOS 3.3 disc75 ohm video inputs75 ohm video outputsSoftware accessible from BASIC programs

Price: $350

SymtecSony Videodisc Control Card

FeaturesPlugs into single Apple peripheral slotRS-232 serial interface, bidirectionalSingle screen switchingSoftware on DOS 3.3 discTwo 75 ohm video inputs75 ohm video outputSoftware acessible from BASIC programs

Price: $350

Video Vision AssociatesVAI-II Videodisc/Apple Interface

FeaturesFor use wiith Apple ll or Ile computersSoftware based controller connects to game paddle

portNo modifications necessaryOperates with the following laser disc players: Pio-

neer VP-1000, LD-1100, and PR-8210; Magnavox VC-8010GY; and Sylvania VP-7200

Includes software, sample programs, and cablesSingle screen switching

Price: $140

OptionsINN Interface cable for LD-700 ($15)IN05 Interface cable for LD-V4000 ($15)

Video Vision AssociatesATVI Audiotape/Videodisc Interface

FeaturesNo computer needed

4 0

Videodisc control commands are on audiotapeVoice or music can be used on second audio track

Filmstrip style programs are easily programedCompatible with the following laser disc players:

Pioneer VP-1000, PR-8210, DVA-7820, and LD-1100;Magnavox VC-8010GY; and Sylvania VP-7200

Price: $125

Visage, Inc.V:LINK 1000 Videodisc Interlace with Overlay

FeaturesUses one expansion slot on IBM-PC with 256K (512K

and two disc 'rives needed for development)Universal viueodisc control interfaces most current

playersIncludes NTSC graphics generation and overlay ca-

pabilitiesReal-time data decoding from the videodiscIncludes operating software, graphics development

software, and package of useful graphics elements256x192 pixel resolution with 16 colorsOpen architecture allows for third party software in

development and deliveryInternal sync for independent operation

Price: $1,150

OptionsVLink bit pad package (BPD-1000) ($850)

Videodisc interface cables (specify disc player) ($35to $75)

Visage, Inc.V:LINK 1500 Videodisc Interlace with Overlay

FeaturesUses two expansion slots on IBM-PC with 256K

(512K and two disc drives needed for development)Universal videodisc control interfaces most current

playersIncludes RGB graphics generation and overlay capa-

bilitiesReal-time data decoding from the videodiscIncludes operating software, graphics development

software, and package of useful graphics elements256x192 pixel resolution with 16 colorsOpen architecture allows for third party software in


Price: $1,850

OptionsVLink bit pad package (BPD-1000) ($850)Videodisc interface cables (specify disc player) ($35

to $75)

Visage, Inc.V:LINK 1550 Videodisc Interface with Overlay

FeaturesUses two expansion slots on IBM-PC with 256K

(512K and two disc drives needed for development)Universal videodisc control interfaces most current

playersIncludes RGB graphics generation and overlay capa-

bilitiesReal-time data decoding from the videodiscIncludes operating software, graphics development

software, and package of useful graphics elements256x192 pixel resolution with 16 colors300x200 pixel resolution with 4 colorsOpen architecture allows for third party software in


Price: $2,150

OptionsViink bit pad package (BPD-1000) ($850)

*Videodisc interface cables (specify disc player) ($35to $75)

Visual Database SystemsPC/1D Videodisc Interface

FeaturesIncludes cable and software driverFor use with IBM-PC, PCjr, or XT computersFor use with Pioneer LD-700, ID-V4000, and LD-

V6000 disc playersSoftware is capable of issuing entire command set

to disc playerCan be connected to the cassette or parallel portCan control up to four videodisc players

Prices:$65 for parallel port version$95 for cassette port version

Whitney Educational ServicesA1320 Videodisc/Audio Interface

FeaturesTwo-screen system


Controls videodisc player with audio tones on vid-eotapeReal-time video on tape can be augmented withslides from disc

Both players can display video simultaneouslyCompatible with Apple computers

Price: $100

OptionsPC1320 interface for IBM-PC ($100)SM1320 interface for Sony SMC-70 ($100)

Whitney Educational ServicesPC-500-A IBM-PC Disc/Tape Controller

FeaturesFor use with IBM-PC or XT computersOperates videotape and disc players together or

separatelyCan be used with Insight 2000 Plus authoring lan-

guageCompatible with Pioneer LD-V4000 and PR-8210, Hi-

tachi 9500, and Sony LDP-1000A players

Price: $990

Whitney Educational ServicesSM-500-A SMC-70 Disc/Tape Controller

FeaturesFor use with Sony SMC-70, 70G computersOperates videotape and disc players together or




Price: $895

Whitney Educational ServicesA3001A Apple Disc/Tape Controller

FeaturesFor use with Apple II and Ile computersOperates videotape and disc players together or




Price: $695

34 Interactive VideodIscs

4 2

APPENDIX D. DIRECTORY OF LASER DISCPERIPHERALS

GRAPHIC OVERLAY DEVICES

New Media GraphicsGraph Over 9300 Graphics Overlay Interface

FeaturesMotorola 6809 display processor with 32K RAM and

ROMNEC 7220 graphics generator768x682 pixel display buffer, 4 bits/pixel768x484 pixel viewable window, 4 bits/pixelUp to eight standard ASCII character set fonts (up-

per and lower)Additional character fonts are programable and de-

finable with resolution up to 16x24 pixels/characterSingle pixel vertical increment pan feature, and 16

pixel increments horizontally, split-screen has inde-pendent pan

2x to 16x selectable magnification zoom featureRGB output: RS-170 compatible 1 Vp-p 75 ohms,

composite sync and blanking on all outputs, 30Hz in-terlaced video, 15.734kHz horizontal scan frequency

NTSC output: Broadcast quality RS-170 1 Vp-p 75ohms composite sync and blanking, 30Hz interlacedvideo

RS-170 compatible Genlock circuit, 1 Vp-p 75 ohmswith 3.579545 mHz subcarrier, switches to internal os-cillator in absence of external video

Video switching between two NTSC video inputsAudio switching between four audio inputsRS-232C asyncronous interface to host CPU serial

portBaud rate selectable 300 to 19.2K baud (DB-25)High-speed parallel interface to host CPU or for

control of videodisc players and VTRs, two 8-bit Cen-tronics compatible links, one for input and one foroutput

Three 9-pin RS-232 compatible links for interactivedevice or up to two videodisc players

Dimensions (HxWxD) 51/2x19x25 inWeight 30 lb110 VAC, 60Hz, 100 watts

Price: $9,850

OptionsGraphics tablet, 11x11 in active area, electromagnet-

ic type ($1,450)Joystick, rate type with X,Y,Z output ($1,450)

Online Computer Systems, Inc.GL-312 Graphic Overlay Card

FeaturesHigh-resolution graphics 512x480 pixels16 colors from a palette of 4096Hardware pan and zoom (256x240x16 color resolu-

tion)Video images can be overlayed with position depen-dent graphics

Multiple card options for one PC to control multipledisplays and disc players

Broadcast quality RGB color graphics

Price: $1,500

OptionsPascal MT+ library ($150)C library ($150)PilotPlus ($1,000)Studio-PC graphics ($1,200)

SymtecProfessional Graphics System (PGSIII)

Features16K or 64K dynamic RAM chips512x480 pixel resolution4096 colorsCrawl or roll textCenter by line or pageFlash wordsAllows font creationBuilt-in keyer with drop shadow and borderMixed fonts and colorsSaves images on floppy discPreview capabilityRandom pixel accessComputer interface to Apple 11+ or IBM-PCBroadcast quality, NTSC standardVideo overlay capabilitiesAdjustable hue, chrominance, luminance, blank, and

syncDimensions (HxWxD) 17x5V2x13 in75 ohm high-impedance switchable video outputHorizontal sync adjustment for proper phasingInternal or external syncZoom and reduce features

Price: $7,000


OptionsPGS III 2-page system ($8,500)PGS 11 2-page system with preview ($10,000)

Synetlx, Inc.Videosprite Graphics Overlay System

FeaturesRequires Apple II series micro with 48K memory,

one disc drive and DOS 33 operating system with twomonitors (one for programing input and one for videooutput)

Large range of computer graphics capabilitiesEasy to use command languageCommands can be abbreviatedBackground resolution of 256x192 pixelsStandard text mode with 40 columns by 32 rows14 selectable colors and black

Video output retains standard of video input16K of dedicated video RAM on boardIncoming video can be interlaced or noninterlacedSignal is phase and frequency locked to color burst,

horizontal and vertical signals of video sourceIncludes Painting and Titling software (PA.T.) and

system documentation

Price: $995

OptionsFlashcard 144K (RAM disk emulator) ($395)Flashcard 288K (RAM disk emulator) ($595)Complete system (includes Videosprite board, PA.T.

software, Flashcard 288K, and Apple Ile starter systemwith documentation) ($3,695)

Video Associates LabsVB-3 Microkey System for Graphics Overlay

OptionsNTSC standard composite video signal, 75 ohm self-

terminatedNormal resolution; 280 pixels per line; 192 lines;

53,760 pixels per picture; 140 nanosecond widthFull screen resolution; 360 pixels per line; 240 lines;

86,400 pixels per picture; 140 nanosecond widthWorks with VI 'Rs and videodiscs without a TBCOperates without a video inputGen lock sync generator locks to external sourcesProc amp regenerates burst and syncFull screen color background matteBroadcast NTSC keyed video outputIncludes power supply

Prices:


$2,800 for VB-3EM Microkeyer for Apple Ile$2,600 for VB-3E Microkeyer for Apple Ile$2,400 for VB-3 Microkeyer for Apple II/II+

OptionsTazSoft slate/character generator ($350)LPS II light pen ($349)

Video Associates LabsPC-Microkey System for Graphics Overlay

Standm d FeaturesFully IBM-PC compatibleWill work with off-the-shelf softwareOperates with IBM, Plantronics, or Tecmar color

graphics cardsIncludes videodisc controller

Model 1100For use with videodisc players with external syncRequires RGB monitors (Sony KX series or equiva-

lent)

Model 1150Includes all features of Model 1100Includes serial port for controlling other disc play-

ers

Model 1300For use with most video sourcesBroadcastable and recordable NTSC composite vid-

eo outputBuilt-in parallel port to control Pioneer LD-V1000

Prices:$995 for Model 1100$1,095 for Model 1150$1,805 for Model 1300

OptionsIBM color graphics card (320x200x4 from a palette

of 16 colors) ($275)Plantronics Colorplus graphics card (640x200x16

from a palette of 256 colors) ($475)Tecmar Graphics Master card (640x400x16 from a

palette of 256 colors) ($695)Koala Pad ($150)

TOUCH SCREENS

Carroll Touch Technology CorporationTouch Screens

The Carroll Touch Technology Corporation has a4 4

wide range of touch screens available for the moni-tors and terminals commonly used in the computerfield. The prices range between $1,900 and $2,500.Contact Carroll for information on specific monitors.

13-inch MonitorsAydin 8039, 8810

Mitsubishi C3419Ramtek GM714Sanyo DMC6013Sony PVM-1271Q

19-inch MonitorsAydin 8025, 8026, 8040, 8830

Ikagami DM511HMitsubishi C3910, C3919 C6912, C6919Ramtek GM719, GM720, 859C

TerminalsHewlett-Packard 264X series, DEC VT100TM and

VT103TM, Datamedia Excel 22, Excel 24 and Colors-can, and ISC8001G

Flat Touch Panels9x9 inch window ($1,800)17x17 inch window ($2,900)

Generic KitsAll Prices include $600 controller:

9 in diagonal frame ($1,600)12 in diagonal frame ($1,800)15 in diagonal frame ($2,000)17 in diagonal frame ($2,200)19 in diagonal frame ($2,400)

Electro Mechanical Systems, Inc.Touch Information Display Touch Screen

FeaturesCustom designed touch screensPatented ambient light and noise reduction circuitBox frame and w.idow frame configurations avail-

ableCustom bezel redesign and display packaging avail-

able

Price: Quotes dependent on application

Computer Technology AssociatesCTA 500X Soft-Touch Touch Screen with Interface

The touch screen interface is designed to be usedwith the Apple II+ or Apple Ile microcomputer, andthe screen can attach to any 12-inch video monitor.

FeaturesInfrared emitter-sensor array, self scanning96 horizontal by 64 vertical point resolution

Active touch area is 11x8 (vertical x horizontal)Outside dimensions (HxWxD) 12x10x inInput power +5 v at 600 mA from Apple power sup-

plyOccupies one Apple II interface slotParallel cable between screen and interface

Apple computer buss between interface and CPUAll necessary hardware and software supplied

No extra assembly language subroutines necessaryScreen accessed through Applesoft BASIC

Price: $695

New England Technology GroupTech Graphics-I Touch Screen

Features1024x1024 screen resolutionSpeed is 200 xy points per secondHigh quality anti-aliased fonts in varioUs point sizesSupports text overlay in any colorCompatible with NTSC, PAL, and SECAM systemsSync input allows genlocking to external source60Hz or 50Hz CC1R output

Price: $2500 (includes 13-inch Amdek color monitor,with screen sensor mounted, interface card for AppleII or Ile microcomputer, cables, and software demo)

Options:Color graphics film recorder

* 35 mm slides4x5, 8x10SX-7016 or 35 mm filmPin registered

Animation cameraVideo digitizerColor printer, ink jet printer

LIGHT PENS

SymtecProfessional Light Pen

FeaturesPush-tip nose switch on pen03 microsecond response time at 1 millilambert

screen brightnessTouch sensitive125 mm diameter by 175 mm long (.5x6.875 in)


Pen and cable weigh 168 gm (6 oz)Plug-In interface for compatible computers

Adjustable for light sensitivityCan resolve a single pixelCompatible computer systems: Apple Ile, 11+, and 111;

Atari 400 and 800; IBM-PC; Commodore V1C-20 and 64;Franklin Ace

Compatible screens: any color IV or monitor; anyblack and white TV or monitor; most green screens

Prices:$250 for Apple compatible$175 for IBM-PC compatible$15 extra for push-tip model

Video Associates LabsLPS II Light Pen (by Gibson Labs)

FeaturesTrue raster-scan light penLocations are plotted 60 times per second

Price: $349

VOICE INPUT DEVICES

Personal Computer SupplyVoice Input Module

FeaturesFor use with Apple II or IleGreater than 98% recognition accuracy

Vocabulary listing and voice pattern stored on discUses one adapter slotVocabulary is user defined

8K onboard memoryIncludes menu driven voice utility programPrograms available for Visicalc, Wordstar, Magic

Window, List Handler, Applesoft BASIC, and othersImmediate response time80 words or phrases per applicationMaximum word/phrase length 125 secMinimum pause between words 160 msecIncludes VIM board, cables, manual, voice utility

program, and microphone

Prices for Apple II:$845 for V1M-1 including handheld microphone$920 for VIM-2 including gooseneck microphone$950 for V1M-3 including headset microphonePrices for Apple Ile:$920 for V1M-1 including handheld microphone$995 for VIM-2 including gooseneck microphone$1,025 for V1M-3 including headset microphone

38 Interactive Vldeodlscs

OptionsIntrovoice 11 (160-word vocabulary) ($200)

Wireless microphone (half mile distance) ($595)Noise-cancelling gooseneck microphone with foot

pedal switch ($160)Noise-cancell ing headset boom microphone ($180)Programer's reference manual ($20)

Scott InstrumentsVoice-Based Learning System

FeaturesFor use with Apple II or Ile computers with 48K or

Franklin computer98% accuracy rateInstant response40-word vocabulary, with overlays to access to ad-

ditional sets of 40 word vocabulariesCompatible with Pascal, FORTRAN, BASIC, Applesoft,

Pilot, and Machine CodeCompatible with modems, printers, and other peri-

pheralsUses one Apple peripheral slotCompatible with VisiCalc, Visidex, Apple Plot, and

the SourceAll systems include reference manuals, headset mi-crophone, and voice entry terminal

Maximum word length is 15 second

Prices:$895 for VBLS System stand-alone version (includesauthor diskette)$795 for VET-2 System computer-dependent system(includes system diskette)$595 for Shadow/VET System computer-dependentsystem (includes system diskette)

VOICE SYNTHESIZER

Borg-Warner Educational SystemsUVS Ufonic Voice System

FeaturesCapable of adding human-sounding voice to any CBI

lessonOperates on Apple II or Ile computersWorks in any available Apple slotCard contains microprocessor, memory, and synthe-

sizerIncludes external amplifier/speakerInstructional program and voice data are contained

on single disketteAdditional software available

4 6

Price: $495

Options

UF-SC, Ufonic Speech Composer (includes four discsand teacher's guide to add speech to existing lessons($225)

STILL-FRAME AUDIO DEVICES

EECOVAC-300 Still-Frame Video/Audio Converter

FeaturesUp to 40 seconds of audio per still frame of videoEach audio frame can store 10 seconds of real-time

audioWith 54,000 frames possible at 10 seconds per

frame, up to 540,000 seconds or 150 hours of audioare possible with no video (see chart below)

Up to 120 hours of audio with 10,000 slides per discside

Compatible with interactive VCRSComputer controllableRS-232 interfaceBaud rates 300 to 9600

Audio frequency response 100Hz to 3700Hz, -3 dB

PossibleFrames PerDisc

Video FramesPerSegment

Audio FramesPerSegment

Number ofSegmentsPossible

Audio TimePer Disc SideSec./Hours

54,000 0 1 54,000 540,000/150.0

54,000 1 1 27,000 270,000/75.0

54,000 1 4 10,800 432,000/120.0

54,000 3 4 7,714 308,560/85.7

54,000 3 1 13,500 135,000/37.5

Price: $2,500

Laser DataPC-Trio Still Frame Audio Card

FeaturesSingle plug-in card for IBM-PC75 hours of digital audio available on one disc side800 mbytes of computer data available on one disc

side200 kbytes/sec maximum data transfer rate

Corrected error rate better than 10-12NTSC video formatMaximum data integrity achieved by prop.ietary

error correctionThree selectable levels of audio quality:

Level Bandwidth Sec./Frame Sec./Event Sec., 'ventKilohertz (standard) (optional)

I 2.5 5 30 60

II 3.75 3.33 20 40

III 5.0 2.5 15 30

Price: $1,150

LuerDataTrio 110 Still Frame Audio Controller

FeaturesUses built-in Intel 8086 microprocessor75 hours of digital audio available on one disc side800 mbytes of computer data available on one disc

side400 kbytes/sec maximum data transfer rateCorrected error rate better than 10-12

NTSC video formatCan interface up to four disc playersCan multiplex up to four computersControl software, information retrieval software, and

diagnostic software availableThree selectable levels of audio quality:


Level Bandwidth Sec./Frame Sec./Event Sec./EventKilohertz (standard) (optional)1 2.5 5 30 6011 3.75 3.33 20 40Ill 5.0 2.5 15 30

Price: $2,950.

Pioneer VideoSS-DI Still Frame Audio System

FeaturesData storage capacity of 1000 floppy diskettes per

side35 hours of digital audio available on one disc side427 mbytes of computer data available on one disc

side

Reed-Solomon error correction methodRS-232, baud rate 300 to 38,400 selectableError correction selectable between 10-4 to 10-12

for 0% to 53% redundancyThree selectable levels of audio quality:

BandwidthKilohertz2.55.07.5

Sec./Frame

3.61.812

Sec. SS-DIMemory28.114.09.3

Per SideHours35217.611.7

Price: $1,500.

Sony VideoSFA-I000 Still-Frame Audio Adapter

FeaturesAudio playback time of 1.5 to 20 seconds

Optional expansion to total of 40 seconds allowingstorage of 15 hours of linear audio per disc sideAudio frequency response of 3.5kHz, -3 dB*Video input, 1V p-p

Remote control, wireless infrared or cablePower requirement AC 120V, 35 wattsDimensions (HxWxD) 82x250x354 mm (328x10x14.16 in)Weight 4 kg (8.8 lb)

Price: $2,500

VIDEODISC AUDIO NOISE REDUCHONSYSTEMS

Pioneer Video, Inc.R-I000 CX Noise Reduction System

The CX noise reduction system is unique to the laserdiscs. It is a built-in feature in many of the playersbut can be purchased separately. This system alleged-ly can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the repro-duced discs by as much as 14 dB to more than 70 dB(Ikliz, 100% mod. IHF A). When it is connected to a


system, the user only has to turn it on. There are noadjustments to worry about.

Price: $80

VIDEODISC CHANGERS

Destron, Inc.Videodisc Changer

FeaturesFor use with standard 12-inch laser disc systems, or

8-inch Direct Read After Write (DRAW) systemsCompatible with Apple, Franldin Ace 1000, or IBM-

PC

Disc capacity 25 to 1000 discsMaximum of eight disc players25 disc changer dimensions (HxWxD) 2x2x3 ft500 disc changer dimensions (HxWxD) 71/2x3x3 ft120VAC

250 watts power consumptionWorst access time is 30 seconds from frame X disc

1, to frame Y disc 250

Prices:$6,000 for 25 disc changer$30,000 for 500 disc changer

48

APPENDIX E. DIRECTORY OF LASER DISCSYSTEMS PACKAGES

APPLE COMPUTER INTERACTIVEVIDEODISC SYSTEMS

Actronics Learning SystemsCPR Learning System

This system is designed specifically for use in trainingfor CPR certification or recertification.

FeaturesIndustrial laser disc playerMicroprocessorRandom access audiocassette tape unitTwo television monitorsLight penUser control boxOperating systems softwareOne adult manikin

All necessary cables and user documentation

Prices:$20,000 for complete system$2,500 for infant manikin

Allen CommunicationsTotally Integrated Interactive (TII) System

FeaturesAllen Communications learning station

VMI video microcomputer interface with demoSuper Pilot authoring language with AC library dis-

kettePioneer industrial videodisc player PR-8210

*Apple II+ computer or equivalentDisc drive with controller16K RAM card

Amdek Color One 13-inch monitor

Price: $4,395

OptionsNEC color monitor with touch screen ($1,500)

VB-3E Microkey overlay system ($2,195)Pioneer LD-V1000 ($1,200)Philips VP-832 player ($1,395)Gibson LPS-H light pen ($349)Koala Pad touch tablet ($125)

Digital ControlsThe Incredible Teaching Machine

FeaturesFiberglass and wood cabinet, dimensions (HxWxD)54x33x231/2 in, weight 280 lbAudio amplifier with built-in speakers

Interface package including Red Card, video switch-ing, and junction box, cabling, operating software inBASIC and Pascal, and system documentationApple 11+ with 48K RAM, two disc drives, 51/4-1/2floppy disc control, and ccntroller cards

Zenith or Sony 12-inch color video monitorPioneer PR-7820 videodisc playerExtra peripherals and options available

System Price: $6,407

International Institute of Applied TechnologyTouche Interactive Videodisc System

Features*Apple Ile microcomputer

64K RAMOne disc drive

*Super Pilot authoring languageHigh-resolution Sony monitorTouch screen

*Videodisc playerCase for entire system, dimensions (HxWxD)

161/2x211/2x25 in, weight 75 lb

Prices:$8,000 for basic system$10,000 with workstation cabinet

OptionsSecond disc drive5 mb, 10 mb, and 20 mb hard discsHigh-resolution graphics package

*Video overlay

Learning Link CorporationLearning Link Authoring and Delivery System

Features',Simple modular design

No disc drives needed at delivery sitesAuthor on Apple He, 11c, 1BM-PC, 1BM-XT, or Kayprocomputer


Delivery system consists of Learning Link 8500 (mi-croprocessor with interface device and text overlay)

Still-frame audio optionalWorks with Pioneer LD-V4000 videodisc player

RGB Dynamics touch screen on AM-1301 Mitsubishicolor monitor

Includes Learning Link authoring language

Price: Under $6,000 estimated

Raytheon Service CompanyRaytrain Videodisc System

FeaturesApple II+ 48K mainframe

16K RAM cardApple-to-audiocassette interface and control

DOS 3.3 disc drive with controllerLight pen with interface cardVideodisc interface cardSony videodisc player

Audiocassette playerAudio amplifier with speaker

19-inch color television monitorFibreglass cabinet and cables, dimensions (HxWxD)

71x32x33, weight 250 lbPower requirements: 115V/60Hz, 5AOperating system softwareTouch screenRGB graphics

Price: $19,950

OptionsMicrokeyer for computer video overlayPrinterBar code system

Superior Training SystemsApple II/lIe Interactive Video System

This system is designed to be used with an Apple II/He with 64K, two disc drives, color monitor, and videoplayer. The $2,400 package includes the Insight 2000authoring system. Packages complete with fully wiredlearning center cabinet and peripherals are available.

FeaturesPlug-in video controller interface board with cables

for a compatible video player.Insight Plus courseware authoring system with both

authoring and lesson diskettes.Detailed and quick start installation and courseware

authoring manuals.


Videotape (VHS or Beta) tutorial on effectivecourseware authoring techniques.

To be used with the following disc players: PioneerVP-1000 and 8210, Sony LDP-1000

To be used with the following tape players: Pana-sonic 8200 VTR, Sony Beta, and U-Matic VTRs

Prices:$1,690 for complete system for disc or tape$2,400 for complete system for disc and tape$695 for interface only for disc or tape$895 for interface only for disc and tape

ATARI COMPUTER INTERACTIVEVIDEODISC SYSTEMS

New Media GraphicsDisc Master Package 5400

FeaturesDisc Master 1000 videodisc interfaceMagnavox VC-8010 laser videodisc playerAtari 400 computer with 16K memoryAtari 810 disc driveAtari 850 interface moduleAtari CXL4002 BASIC computing languageAll necessary cables, connectors, and users manualsDemonstration package with disc and two programsAuthoring program: Define Your Own Interactive

Playback

Price: $2,995

OptionsPanasonic 12-inch televiaion receiver ($189)Sanyo 19-inch color television receiver ($549)

New Media GraphicsDisc Master Package 5800

FeaturesDisc Master 1000 videodisc interfaceMagnavox VC-8010 laser videodisc playerAtari 800 computer with 16K memory and 32K mem-

ory moduleTwo Atari 810 disc drivesAtari 850 interface module

Atari CXL4002 BASIC computing languageAll necessary cables, connectors, and users manualsDemonstration package with disc and two demo

programsAuthoring program: Define Your Own Interactive

Playback

Price: $4,495

5 0

Options:Panasonic 12-inch television receiver ($189)Sanyo 19-inch color television receiver ($549)

PLATO INTERACTIVE VIDEODISCSYSTEMS

Control Data Corporation

CDC does not promote a specific videodisc deliverysystem but does advertise an authoring service forPLATO users. Any user of PLATO can take advantageof the videodisc technology with a Control Data PLA-TO terminal connected to a central PLATO Systemand a Level Three videodisc player, or a microcom-puter that supports Control Data's Micro PLATO de-livery software. PLATO-compatible terminals are theControl Data 1ST, 1ST 11, 1ST 111, Viking 721-30/31, IBM-PC, or Zenith Z100, and certain 1BM-PC compatiblemicrocomputers. Micro PLATO compatible microcom-puters are the CDC110, 1BM-PC, and Zenith Z100, andcertain IBM-PC compatible microcomputers. For moreinformation on the PLATO system, contact ControlData Corporation at the address listed.

DEC PRO 350 COMPUTERINTERACTIVE VIDEODISC SYSTEM

Digital Equipment CorporationIVIS Interactive Video Information System

This system offers a stand-alone terminal that can benetworked to a mainframe computer. The price listedis for the workstation and peripherals only. The au-thoring software and networking hardware must bepurchased separately as well as the host mainframe.For detailed information on this system contact DECat the address listed.

FeaturesDigital Professional 350 personal computer

*Analog interface boxVR241-A, RGB 13-inch color monitor

Hitachi VP-9500 or Sony LDV-1000A videodisc playerSoftware device driverRS-232C connectorsBaud rate from 50 to 19,200Overlay enhancement (drop shadow width 1-15 pix-

els)Two floppy disc drives with 10 mbyte hard disk

Prices:$12,400 for basic system$13,400 with touch screen

OptionsPCXXF-CA workstation desk ($649)Floating point adaptor LA50-RA printer, 100 char/sec

($695)LA100-PC dot matrix printer 240 char/sec ($2,690)LQP02-AA letter quality printer 32 char/sec ($2,800)BCC04-10 modem cables (10 ft) ($30)Pro/BAS1C or Pro/Communications software pack-

ages QBA04-A3 ($195)

MicroTICCIT INTERACTIVEVIDEODISC SYSTEMS

Hazeltine CorporationMicroTICCIT System II

The system 11 configuration is designed to optimizecourseware development and delivery for medium-scale computer-based training efforts. The system will

support up to 40 MicroTICCIT workstations, each ofwhich can be used for student, instructor, or authorfunctions. For detailed information on this system orany other systems, contact Hazeltine Corporation atthe address listed.

FeaturesData General Micro Eclipse 5/20 host processor with

256 kbytes RAM50 mbytes of fixed storage for online system soft-

ware, student records, and courseware15.4 mbyte cartridge tape drive for loading or

dumping data from fixed discData General operator console CRT for performing

system startup, shutdown, and backup routinesARCNET local area network communications inter-face for remote locations of up to four miles

Modem for interfacing to Hazeltine's MicroTICCITmaintenance service network

Can use Adapt authoring system for courseware de-

velopment

Price: $75,000

OptionMicroTICC1T workstation ($7,000)

IBM-PC COMPUTER INTERACTIVEVIDEODISC SYSTEMS

Interactive Training Systems, Inc.Interactive Videodisc Training System

FeaturesIBM-PC microcomputerHigh-resolution color monitor


Laser disc or videotape playerITS-2000 controller

Price: $10,564

OptionAuthoring software package ($12,000)

International Institute of Applied TechnologyTouche Interactive Videodisc System

FeaturesIBM-PC microcomputerOne disc driveSuper Pilot authoring languageHigh-resolution Sony monitorTouch screenVideodisc playerCase for entire system, dimensions (HxWxD)

161/2x211/2x25 in, weight 75 lb

Prices:$9,000 for basic system$11,000 with workstation cabinet

OptionsSecond disc drive5 mb, 10 mb and 20 mb hard discsHigh-resolution graphics package

Video overlay

Online Computer SystemsIBM-PC PilotPlus Training System

FeaturesIBM-PC with 128K RAMTwo double-sided disc drivesIBM or Okidata 92 80-column printerPilotPlus authoring software12-inch Sony PVM 1270Q color monitor

VDC-100 videodisc control cardIBM color graphics cardPioneer LD-V1000 videodisc player (or equivalent)

Price: $6,000

OptionsTouch panelpraphics overlayIBM-PC XT 10 mb hard disc

44 Interactive VideodIsts

Online Computer SystemsThe Enhanced IBM-PC Discover System

FeaturesIBM-PC XT (10 mb) hard disc systemOne 51/4-inch double-sided disc driveAll cables and interface boardsDiscover software12-inch Sony Profeel color monitorGraphics printer and printer standBASIC interpreterPioneer LD-V1000 videodisc player (or equivalent)CP/M-86

Price: $10,000

OptionsTouch panelGraphics overlay

Learning Link CorporationLearning Link Authoring and Delivery System

FeaturesSimple modular designNo disc drives needed at delivery sites

*Author on 1BM-PC, XT, Apple He, lk, or Kaypro com-puter

Delivery system consists of Learning Link 8500 (mi-croprocessor with interface device and text overlay)

Still-frame audio optional*Works with Pioneer LD-V4000 videodisc player

RGB Dynamics Touchscreen on AM-1301 Mitsubishicolor monitor

Includes Learning Link authoring language

Price: Under $6,000 estimated

Superior Training Systems1BM-PC Interactive Video System

This system is designed to be used with an IBM-PCwith 128K, two disc drives, color monitor, and videoplayer. The $2,400 package includes the Insight 2000authoring system. Packages complete with fully wiredlearning center cabinet and peripherals are available.

FeaturesVideo controller interface box with cables for com-

patible video player.Insight PC courseware authoring system with both

authoring and lesson diskettes.

52

Detailed and quick start installation and coursewareauthoring manuals.

Videotape (VHS or Beta) tutorial on effectivecourseware authoring techniques.

To be used with the following disc players: PioneerVP-1000, 8210, Sony LDP-1000

To be used with the following tape players: Pana-sonic 8200 VTR, Sony Beta, U-Matic VTRs

Prices:$2,080 for complete system for disc or tape$2,400 for complete system for disc and tape$990 for interface only for disc or tape$1,200 for interface only for disc and tape

Visage, Inc.V:Station 2000 Interactive Videodisc System Se-ries

FeaturesComplete system includes IBM-PC, VLink hardware

interface, IBM-compatible color graphics adaptor, andcomprehensive selection of standard and optionalsotware

Graphic oyerlay including 80-column textRGB outputControl of most videodisc players

*Membrane touch screen (except V:Station 2001 and2004)

Touch screen resolution: Med-Res 256x256, Hi-Res1024x1024

Full range of software supportSystem will run standard IBM-PC programsOne monitor system256K or 512K of dynamic RAM available10 meg Winchester hard discs available

Prices:$5,995 for Model 2001 floppy diskette-based system,256K RAM$7,695 for Model 2002-A floppy diskette-based systemwith Hi-Res touch screen, 256K RAM$6,895 for Model 2002-B floppy diskette-based systemwith Med-Res touch screen, 256K RAM$9,825 for 2003-A hard disc-based system with Hi-Restouch screen, 256K RAM$9,125 for 2003-B hard disc-based system with Med-Res touch screen, 256K RAM$7,385 for 2004 floppy diskette-based system, 512KRAM$11,650 for 2005-A hard disc-based system with Hi-Res touch screen, 512K RAM$10,850 for 2005-B hard disc-based system with Med-Res touch screen, 512K RAM

SONY SMC-70 COMPUTERINTERACTIVE VIDEODISC SYSTEM

Sony VideoInteractive Videodisc System with SFA-1000

FeaturesLDP-1000 videodisc playerSFA-1000 still-frame audio adapterSMC-70 microcomputerDisc drivePVM-1270Q color monitor

Price: $8,600

Options17-key numeric keypad unit on 39-inch extension

cord for calculator-style data entryLight pen for nonkeyboard data entrySMC-7086 16 bit adaptor (256RAM)VRP-100 printerOpen ports for add-on peripheralsSM1-7074 plug-in NTSC overlay moduleSMI-7073 plug-in RGB overlay module

MCAT INTERACTIVE VIDEODISCSYSTEMS

WICAT SystemsSystem 150 WS

These systems are the least expensive of the WICATline. The 150 WS offers a stand-alone terminal thatcan be networked. The price listed is for the worksta-tion only. The authoring software and networkinghardware must be purchased separately. For detailedinformation on this system or any of the larger sys-tems, contact WICAT at the address listed.

FeaturesMC68000L8, 8mHz processor (approximately 1 mil-

lion instructions per second)16-bit processor (32-bit data operations)Memory management

*Seven vectored interrupt levelsIEEE-196 (extended multibuss) buss architecture256 kbytes of dynamic ECC RAM (expandable to 1.5

mbyte)16/32 kbytes of EPROM

Two programable interval timersIntelligent disc controller10/15 mbyte 51/4-inch Winchester disc960 kbyte 51/4-inch floppy disc drive (unformatted)2-5 RS-232C serial interfaces (192 kbaud in asyn-

chronous mode)

53 Intwactive Videodiscs 45

16-bit general-purpose parallel interfaceOperating system options: UNIX, CP/M emulatorLanguage support: APL, Assembler, BASIC, C, CO-

BOL, FORTRAN 77, and PascalCan use WISE authoring system for courseware de-

velopment

Price: $12,000

WIT

This system features an intelligent color graphics ter-minal with the videodisc option.

FeaturesOptional touch screen monitor16 color graphics from a palette of 4,096Graphics overlay

*Videodisc interfaceMC68000 microprocessor

Price: $7,275

46 Intenwthe Wdeodiscs 54

APPENDIX F. DIRECTORY OF VIDEODISCSOFTWARE

AERONAUTICS

National Air and Space Museum Archive, DiscOneThis disc is an archival collection of close to 100,000still images of airplanes from the museum's holdings.The disc documents the history of aircraft from theearly flying machines up to the aircraft of the 1940s.The images are the most requested photos of Ameri-can as well as foreign aircraft. The disc comes withan index that identifies the aircraft by manufacturer.

Interactive CAVSoftware: none needed in the Level One formatSmithsonian Institution (NASM)Price: $36.50

National Air and Space Museum Archive, DiscTwoThis disc is an archival collection of close to 100,000still images of airplanes from the museum's holdings.The disc includes photos of many air and space per-sonalities as well as several of the aircraft not cov-ered on the first disc such as balloons, airships, andcommercial airlines. Other interesting photos includeair meets, trophies, military aviation, aeronauticalcommunications and equipment, museums, philateliccovers, and models. The disc comes with a printed in-dex.


National Air and Space Museum Archive, DiscThreeThis disc is an archival collection of still photos fromthe museum's holdings. The disc includes photos ofaircraft from the US. Air Force including World War 11and pre-1940 planes. The disc comes with a table ofcontents listing the subject headings.


ART

National Gallery of ArtThis disc was produced as the first catalog of art froma major museum to be made available to the publicon videodisc. The disc is divided into two sections.The first section is a linear program that includes thestory of the museum's beginnings and development,including rare photographs and historic film footage.The second section of the disc is an interactive cata-log of 1,645 still frames of painting, sculptures, draw-ings, and prints from the Gallery. Each image is fol-lowed by a still frame of text identifying the artist andwork. Following the catalog is a comprehensive tourthrough the collection narrated by the director of theGallery, J. Carter Brown. The collection spans sevencenturies of art.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicationsPioneer Video, Catalog # VPI-NGA-84Price: $95

Vincent Van Gogh: A Portrait in Two PartsThe program on the disc is in two parts. The first parton side one is an overview of the life of Van Goghthrough his paintings and several letters to his broth-er Theo. Over 200 of his works are shown on this sidein catalogs that group the works by period. Side twois a one-man play starring Leonard Nimoy as Theo,Vincent's brother. The contents are as follows:

Side I. Van Gogh Revisited (hosted by Leonard Ni-moy)Chapt. 1 Overview, Dutch PeriodChapt. 2 Catalog: Major Works of Dutch PeriodChapt. 3 Overview, Paris PeriodChapt. 4 Catalog: Major Works of Paris PeriodChapt. 5 Overview, Arles PeriodChapt. 6 Catalog: Major Works of Arles PeriodChapt. 7 Overview, Saint Remy PeriodChapt. 8 Catalog: Major Works of Saint Remy PeriodChapt. 9 Overview, Auvers PeriodChapt. 10 Catalog: Major Works of Auvers PeriodChapt. 11 Painting Techniques: Reference SeriesChapt. 12 Brabant in Vincent's Time: Reference SeriesChapt. 13 Paris and Impressionism: Reference SeriesChapt. 14 Provence: The Land and People: ReferenceSeriesChapt. 15 Auvers, the Artists' Village: Reference Series

55!detective Videodiscs 47

Chapt. 16 SummaryChapt. 17 Credits

Side 2. Vincent: The PlayThis is a two-act one-man show starring Leonard Ni-moy as Theo Van Gogh, Vincent's brother.

Interactive CAVSoftware: none needed in the Level One formatPioneer VideoPrice: $49.95

Profiles in American ArtA series of twelve half-hour discs documenting theideas and works of some of today's American artists,painters, and sculptors. The programs penetrate thelives and minds of these painters and sculptors tohelp the viewer understand that elusive mix of talent,skill, and magic we call art. The following individualshave been included in this series hosted by AlexanderScourby.

Eric Sloan, painter and writerDonald Teague, watercoloristJohn Clymer, painterEdward Fraughton, sculptorGlenna Goodacre, painterWilliam Whitaker, painterConrad Schwiering, painterSergei Bongart, painter & poetGeorge Carlson, sculptorWilson Hurley, painterJohn Stobart, painterBob Kuhn, painter

The discs are also available in a Collector's Editionwith a special case and a signed and numbered disc.A limit of 100 sets are available.

Interactive CAVSoftware: none needed in the Level One formatAmerican Technology ResourcesPrices:$95 per disc, $995 for set of twelve.Collector's Edition: $395 per disc, $3995 for set.

Philip Perlstein Draws the Artist's ModelThis disc is the first in a series called "Genius in OurTime." Each one of the series projects will cover thework of some creative, living person whose work willlive long after that person's death. Each one will be adocumented disc of that artist, architect, dancer, con-ductor, and so on. This disc showcases the teaching,


philosophy, and art of Perlstein, considered one ofAmerica's most prestigious realist painters. The paint-ings of the artist are cataloged on the disc along withvideo footage of Perlstein in his studio, his classes,and at the opening of one of his shows. Interactivity isprovided by several exercises specifically designed byPerlstein for artists as well as theories and instructiontaught with the computer graphics. In doing this, theartist creates five new works.

Interactive CAVSoftware: none needed in the Level One formatInteractive Media CorporationPrice: $49.95

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Fair Employment PracticeThis course offers a new approach to managementand supervisory training programs. It teaches mrrag-ers and supervisors how to use the principles of goodmanagement to find, hire, and place productive em-ployees, as well as how to promote, transfer, and su-pervise them. It also addresses handling disciplineand discharge as well as preventing sexual harass-ment, all within the bounds of EEOC regulations. Thedisc is divided into four 15-minute units: Recruitment,Selection and Placement; Promotion and Transfer;Discipline and Discharge; and Preventing Sexual Ha-rassment. During the course of the program the vi-deodisc poses multiple-choice questions that the usermust answer correctly before the program proceeds.

This videodisc requires the Pioneer PR-7820 or LD-V6000 player for interactive functions. The handset isneeded for user input.

Interactive CAVSoftware: Level Two programing on the discBNA Communications Inc.Price: $1,500 for one-year rental.

COMPUTER SCIENCE

Computer Literacy, Disc 1This is a two-disc computer literacy course with 12 to15 hours of instruction. The course can be used withthe 1BM-PC or Apple computer systems. Online testingand record keeping are available. Software can be al-tered with the Disc Writer authoring language. An on-line index and glossary are provided, as well as testquestions.

Side 1. HardwareVideodisc operating instructions

56

Microcomputer overviewHistory of computersPrimary and secondary storagePrintersCommon peripheralsInput devicesProcessing

Side 2. SoftwareIntroduction to softwareApplications programsWord processingElectronic spreadsheetDatabase managementBusiness graphicsAdvanced topics:

ProgramingOperating systemsBoolean logic

Programed CAVSoftware: written for IBM or AppleJAM, Inc.Price: $1,995 for set of two discs, software, and man-ual

Computer Literacy, Disc 2This is a two-disc computer literacy course with 12 to15 hours of instruction. The course can be used withthe IBM-PC or Apple computer systems. Online testingand record keeping are available. Software can be al-tered with the Disc Writer authoring language. An on-line index and glossary are provided, as well as testquestions.

Side 3. TelecommunicationsSIDE 4Introduction to telecommunicationsModemsTelecommunications softwareLocal area networksConsumer information databasesVideodiscNideotex

Side 4. New TechnologiesIndustrial roboticsCAD/CAMOptical storageIntegrated software

Programed CAVSoftware: written for IBM-PC or AppleJAM, Inc. .

Price: $1,995 for set of two discs, software, and man-ual

The World of dBaseThe program was written by Wayne Ratliff who in-vented the dBase language for computers, and RobertByer who has written several books on the subject ofdBase.

Linear CLVSoftware: None availablePioneer VideoPrice: $34.95

DANCE-BALLET

Don QuixoteThe American Ballet Theatre at the Metropolitan Op-era House with Mikhail Baryshnikov.

Pioneer VideoLinear CLVPrice: $34.95

La File Mal GardeThe Royal Ballet at Covent Garden, Frederick Ashton,choreographer. 100 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # PA-81-007Linear CLVPrice: $34.95

ManonThe Royal Ballet at the Royal Opera House, FrederickAshton, choreographer. January 1982. 112 minutes.


NutcrackerAmerican Ballet Theatre, with the National Philhar-monic conducted by Kenneth Schermerhorn. MikhailBaryshnikov, Gelsey Kirkland, and Alexander Minz. 79minutes.


Sleeping BeautyThe Kirov Ballet, Marius Petipa choreographer. IrinaKolpakova and Sergei Berezhnoi. 1982, 164 minutes.



Swan LakeThe Royal Ballet at Covent Garden, Marius Petipa andLevivanov choreographers. July 28, 1980. Natalia Ma-karova and Anthony Dowell. 128 minutes


DANCE-INSTRUCTION

Belly Dancing: You Can Do ItThis series of programs instructs you on how to be-come an accomplished belly dancer. Each lesson isprogressively more difficult and includes reviews ofprevious lessons. Dual audio capabilities of the laser-disc system are used with this disc. Belly rolls, flut-ters, and the shimmy are included in the instruction.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicationsPioner Video, Catalog # 37-602Price: $29.95

ECONOMICS

Introduction to EconomicsThis package is designed to be a seven-week self-in-structional course in economics geared for eighthgrade students through the adult learner. A studentmanual is included to reinforce concepts and ideasthrough written exercises while serving as a referencefor study and review. Included in the package priceare 10 Apple 11 diskettes, Apple II/Videodisc interfaceboard, and teacher and student manuals.

Side 1.How to use the equipmentPretestResourcesWants and needsScarcityResource allocationChoices: influences of valuesChoices: society's goalsSocial goals and trade-offs


Decisionmaking: a processMaking economic decisions: a case studyPosttest

Side 2.PretestEconomic systemsCircular flow: household and businessCircular flow: government and householdsFactors of productionBusiness organizationsGovernment in the economyMoneyBankingThe Federal ReserveSummaryPosttest

Hardware Requirements: Apple 11 with 48K, two discdrives, two monitors (computer monitor and TV mon-itor), and a Pioneer VP-1000 videodisc player

Programed CAVSoftware: provided for Apple 11 (10 diskettes)Minnesota Educational Computing ConsortiumPrice: $500 for package

ELECTRONICS

New Electronic TechnologiesThis is a six-disc electronics course. Floppy disks areincluded with the program software. Student testingand record keeping are included. Each course takesabout two to three hours and 12 to 15 hours for allsix courses. A user's guide is included in the package.Topics included are listed below:

Disc 1. Integrated CircuitsAdvantages of integrated circuitsSemiconductor materialsIntegrated circuit manufacturing

Disc 2. DisplaysTypes of displays

Display overviewCRTsProjection systemsLEDsLCDsThin-film transistor-based displaysPlasma panels

Television Systems*Television fundamentals

Color television*Advanced television

58

Disc 3. Electronic ImagingIntroduction to imaging

SignalsBandwidth

Image captureColor systemsCamera tubesSolid-state image sensors

Image processingError correction and concealmentOverall enhancement techniques

Disc 4. Magnetic Storage and RetrievalBasic recording processTapes and discsStorage densityVideo format

Disc 5. Optical SystemsNonmagnetic recording

Capacitance systemsOptical systems

Fiber OpticsOperating principlesCommunicationLocal area networksIntegrated optoelectronics

Disc 6. Transmission SystemsCable Television

VideotexCoaxial cableInteractive cable

SatellitesBasicsCostsCurrent and future markets

Fiber OpticsOperating principlesCommunications

Local area networksIntegrated optoelectronics

Interactive CAVSoftware: on floppy disks for Apple or IBM compati-bles.JAM, Inc.Price: $6,750 for all six, or $1,950 each

ELEMENTARY FDUCATION

The First National KidiscThis disc was nominated for a Grammy because of itsoriginality. Content includes 26 chapters of instruc-

tion for kids of all ages and allows for a high level ofinteraction.

Chapters include:1. Choosing Sides2. Paper Flying Machines3. The Flag Game4. Sign Language5. Terry Teaches the Jig6. Movie Magic Flip Book7. Flying8. The Kidisc Target Game9. Knot Tying10. Three Card Monty11. A Trip to the Zoo12. Cat's Cradle13. 101 Jokes and Riddles14. Waterglass Xylophone15. Pig Latin16. The Dinosaur Game17. The Performing Paperclips18. The Origami Crane19. Terry Teaches Rock Dancing20. A Trip to Universal Studios21. The Secret Code Maker22. The Kidisc Bar Game23. The Amazing Rope Trick24. Puzzlers25. Athletes in Motion26. Closing

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicationsOptical Programming AssociatesPrice: $19.95

Fun and GamesThis is a two-sided sequel to the popular Kidisc in-structional games. Activities can be as interactive asnecessary. The contents are listed by chapter below.

Side 1.1. Choosing Up Sides2. Tongue Twister3. Menster Match4. Flying Discs5. Pinata Party6. Journey of the Circle7. Hand Shadows8. Fun with Meadowlark9. Marbles10. Discomobile11. Puppets12. Tongue Twister13. Card Shuffles14. Close Up

5 9 Interactive Videodiscs 51

15. Stunts16. Charades17. Tongue Twister18. Hopscotch19. Index, Side 1

Side 2.20. Semaphone21. On the Rise22. Yo-Yo's23. Clapping Games24. Tongue Twister25. Kites26. Double Dutch27. Pictures Worth 1000 Words28. Juggling29. Tongue Twister30. Palmistty31. Tap Dancing32. Mission Unite33. Solitaire34. Tongue Twister35. Off to the Races36. Silly Songs37. Skelly38. Jacks39. Tongue Twister40. Stick Ball41. Index, Side 2

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed in Level One applicationsOptical Programming AssociatesPrice: $29.95

Villa Alegre (Happy Village)This videodisc series is the Emmy Award-winningpublic television show put into an interactive formatby the Nebraska Videodisc Design Production groupand the US. Department of Education. Ten 30-minuteprograms are contained on five discs. The educationalcontent is in the form of entertaining situations, sto-ries, games, music, dances, and visual techniques. Forstudents ages 5 to 8.

This series comes with four diskettes for use with amicrocomputer. Suggested hardware is as follows:Disc Player: Magnavision 8010, Pioneer VP-1000 orLD-1100Microcomputer: Apple II+ (3.3 DOS) or TRS-80 IIIVideodisc Interface:

VMI (for Apple computers)Allen CommunicationsDisc Master 1000 (for TRS computers)New Media Graphics


Programed CAVSoftware: written for TRS-80 III and Apple 11+GPN

Price: $595 for 5-disc series, manual, and software.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION-CHILDREN'S FILMS

Alice in WonderlandThe animated Disney version of the Lewis Carroll sto-ry. 1951, 75 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 42036ASLinear CLVPrice: $34.95

The Boy Who Left Home To Find Out About theShiversDana Hill, Christopher Lee, Frank Zappa. This is a pro-gram in the Faerie Tale Theatre series about a boywho wants to learn about fear. 1983, closed captions.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 6393-80Linear CLVPrice: $29.98

DumboThe Disney animated classic about the elephant withoversized ears. 1951, 63 minutes.


Dunder KlumpenAnimated/live-action disc about the two-foot tall Dun-der Klumpen who steals a young girl's dolls andbrings them to life because he is lonely. 1979, 85 min-utes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # VL3012Linear CLVPrice: $34.95

Fraggle Songs Volume OneThis disc features the Muppets singing many of theirhit songs. 1983, 51 minutes.


60

The Frog PrinceKermit stars in the Muppet's version of the classicfairy tale. 1971, 50 minutes.


Goldi locks and the Three BearsTatum O'Neal, Alex Karras, Carole King. This disc,from the Faerie Tale Theatre series, brings the classicfairy tale to life. 1983, closed captions.


Gulliver's TravelsThis is an animated version of the Jonathan Swift nov-el about Gulliver and the war between Lilliput andBiefuscu. 1977, 74 minutes.


Hansel and Gre'elRicky Schroder, Joan Collins. This disc is in the FaerieTale Theatre series. 1982, closed captions.


Hey, CinderellaThe Muppets are featured with Pat Gelloway andJoyce Gordon. Lively songs and Muppet creaturesgive a new look to the classic tale. 1970, 54 minutes.


Jack and the BeanstalkDennis Christopher, Jean Stapleton, Elliot Gould. An-other disc in the Faerie Tale Theatre series. 1983,closed captions.


Little Red Riding HoodMalcolm McDowell, Mary Steenburgen. A disc in theFaerie Tale Theatre series based on the classic tale.1983, closed captions.


PinnochloJames Coburn, Carl Reiner. This version is part of theFaerie Tale Theatre series. 1983, closed captions.


RapunzelShelly Duvall, Jeff Bridges, Gena Rowlands. This is amodernized version of the classic tale by the FaerieTale Theatre. 1983, closed captions.


RumpelstiltskinNed Beatty, Shelly Duvall. This is a feature from theFaerie Tale Theatre. 1984, closed captions.


Sleeping BeautyChristopher Reeve, Bernadette Peters, Beverly D'An-gelo. A modern day version of the classic tale by theFaerie Tale Theatre. 1983, closed captions.


Tale of the Frog PrinceRobin Williams, Teri Garr. This disc is another storyin the Faerie Tale Theatre series. 1983.



Winnie the PoohThis disc is Disney's version of the A. A. Milne classicstory of Winnie the Pooh. 1977, 74 minutes.


The Wizard of OzAileen Quinn, Lorne Green. Animated version of theclassic story of Dorthy's travels through Oz. 1983, 78minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # LV2322Linear CLVPrice: $29.95

FILM STUDIES

The Adventures of Robin HoodErrol Flynn, Olivia de Havilland, Claude Rains, BasilRathbone, Alan Hale. 1938, 102 minutes.


AMcan QueenHumphrey Bogart, Katherine Hepburn, Robert Morley,Theodore Bikel. Directed by John Huston. 1951, 105minutes.


Arsenic and Old LaceCary Grant, Raymond Massey, Peter Lorre, JosephineHull, Jean Adair, Jack Carson. Directed by Frank Ca-pra. 1944, 118 minutes. B&W


Barefoot in the ParkRobert Redford, Jane Fonda, Charles Boyer, MildredNatwick. Directed by Gene Saks. 1967, 106 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # LV-8027Lim ar CLVPrice: $29.95

54 nteractive VIdeodiscs

Ben HurCharlton Heston, Jack Hawkins, Stephen Boyd, HughGriffith, Sam Jaffe. Directed by William Wyler. 1959,211 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # ML100004Linear CLVPrice: $39.95

The Big SleepHumphrey Bogart, Lauren Baca 11, Martha Vickers, Eli-sha Cook Jr., Dorothy Malone. Directed by HowardHawks. 1946, 114 minutes. B&W


Bridge on the River KwaiWilliam Holden, Alec Guinness, Jack Hawkins, SessueHayakawa, James Donald. Directed by David Lean.1957, 161 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # VLD2010Linear CLVPrice: $34.95

CasablancaHumphrey Bogart, Ingrid Bergman, Peter Lorre, Syd-ney Greenstreet, Paul Henreid, Claude Rains. Directedby Michael Curtiz. 1943, 102 minutes. B&W


Cat on a Hot Tin RoofElizabeth Taylor, Paul Newman, Burl Ives, Jack Car-son. Directed by Richard Brooks. 1958, 108 minutes.


Citizen KaneOrson Wells, Joseph Cotton, Everett Sloane, DorothyComingore, Ray Collins, Agnes Moorehead. Directedby Orson Wells. 1941, 119 minutes. Includes a visual

62

essay of over 100 photos, many never published be-fore, and a rarely seen 3-minute trailer made by Wellsfrom original footage not contained in the film itself.

Criterion PublishersInteractive CAVPrice: $89.95

Cool Hand LukePaul Newman, George Kennedy, J. D. Cannon, StrotherMartin, Jo Van Fleet. Directed by Stuart Rosenberg.1967, 126 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 11037LVLinear CLVPrice: $39.98

A Day at the RacesThe Mant Brothers, Margaret Dumont, Alan Jones,Maureen O'Sullivan. 1937, 109 minutes, B&W


Dr. StrangelovePeter Sellers, Sterling Hayden, George C. Scott, JamesEarl Jones, Keenan Wynn, Slim Pickens. Directed byStanley Kubrick. 1964. B&W


Dr. ZhivagoGeraldine Chaplin, Julie Christie, Omar Sharif, RodSteiger, Alec Guinnes, Tom Courtenay. Directed byDavid Lean. 1965, 176 minutes.


Easy RiderPeter Fonda, Dennis Hopper, Jack Nicholson. 1969, 88minutes.


The Flying DeucesStan Laurel, Oliver Hardy, Jean Parker, Reginald Gard-ner. 1933, 67 minutes. B&W


French ConnectionGene Hackman, Fernando Rey, Roy Scheider, Tony Lo-Bianco, Marcel Bozzuffi. Directed by William Friedkin.1971, 104 minutes.


Goodbye ColumbusRichard Benjamin, Jack Klugman, Mi MacGraw, NanMartin. Directed by Larry Pierce. 1969.


The GraduateAnn Bancroft, Dustin Hoffman, Katharine Ross. Direct-ed by Mike Nichols. 1967, 106 minutes.


The Greatest Show on EarthBetty Hutton, Cornel Wilde, Charlton Heston, JamesStewart, Dorothy Larnour. Directed by Cecil B. DeMille. 1952, 149 minutes.


High SierraHumphrey Bogart, Ida Lupino, Cornel Wilde, ArthurKennedy, Joan Leslie, Alan Curtis. Directed by RaoulWalsh. 1940, 100 minutes. B&W



HudPaul Newman, Patricia Neal, Melvyn Douglas, BrandonDe Wilde. 1962, 112 minutes. B&W


Key LargoEdward G. Robinson, Humphrey Bogart, Lauren Baca II,Lionel Barrymore, Claire Trevor, Thomas Gomez, DanSeymour, Monte Blue, Jay Silverheels. Directed byJohn Houston. 1948, 101 minutes. B&W


King KongFay Wray, Robert Armstrong, Bruce Cabot, FrankReichter, Sam Hardy. Directed by Merian C. Cooper.1933, 101 minutes. Included is a running commentaryby Ronald Haver on audio track two and a visual es-say on the making of King Kong.

Criterion PublishersInteractive CAVPrice: $74.95

Lawrence of ArabiaPeter O'Toole, Alec Guinness, Anthony Quinn, OmarShall. 1962.


Maltese FalconHumphrey Bogart, Sydney Greenstreet, Mary Astor,Peter Lorre. Directed by John Huston. 1941, 101 min-utes. B&W


A Man for All SeasonsRobert Shaw, Paul Scofield, Orson Wells, Wendy Hill-er, Susannah York. Directed by Fred Zinneman. 1966.


Pioneer Video, Catalog # LVD3332Linear CLVPrice: $34.95

MAS'HDonald Sutherland, Elliott Gould, Sally Kellerman,Tom Skerritt, Jo Ann Pflug, Robert Duval. Directed byRobert Altman. 1969, 116 minutes.


Mutiny on the BountyCharles Laughton, Clark Gable. 1935, 98 minutes.B&W


North by NorthwestCary Grant, Eva Marie-Saint, James Mason, Leo G. Car-roll. Directed by Alfred Hitchcock. 1959, 136 minutes.


NotoriousCary Grant, Ingrid Bergman, Claude Raines, Louis Cal-hem, Madame Konstantin. Directed by Alfred Hitch-cock. 1946, 103 minutes. B&W


PattonGeorge C. Scott, Karl Malden, Stephen Young. Directedby Franklin J. Schaffner. 1969, 171 minutes.


A Place in the SunElizabeth Taylor, Montgomery Clift, Shelly Winters. Di-rected by George Stevens. 1951, 128 minutes. B&W

6 4

Pioneer Video, Catalog # LV58I5Linear CLVPrice: $35.95

The Pride of the YankeesGary Couper, Walter Brennan, Babe Ruth, TheresaWright. 1942, 127 minutes. B&W


The ProducersZero Mostel, Gene Wilder, Kenneth Mars, Dick Shawn,Estelle Winwood. Directed by Mel Brooks. 1967, 88minutes.


Rear WindowJames Stewart, Grace Kelly. Directed by Alfred Hitch-cock. 1954.


Rebel Without a CauseJames Dean, Natalie Wood, Sal Mineo, Jim Backus. Di-rected by Nicholas Ray. 1955, 111 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 101ILVLinear CLVPrice: $34.98

Roman HolidayGregory Peck, Audrey Hepburn, Eddie Albert. Directedby William Wyler. 1953, 118 minutes. B&W


Romeo and JulietOlivia Hussey, Leonard Whiting, Michael York. Direct-ed by Franco Zeffirelli. 1968, 138 minutes.


Samson and DelilahHedy Lamarr, Victor Mature, Angela Lansbury, GeorgeSanders, Henry Wilcoxon, Olive Deering, Fay Holden.Directed by Cecil B. De Mille. 1949, 128 minutes.


Some Like It HotMarilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis, Jack Lemmon, GeorgeRaft, Pat O'Brien, Nehemiah Persoff. 1958, 121 min-utes. B&W


A Streetcar Named DesireMarlon Brando, Vivian Leigh, Kim Hunter, Karl Mal-den. Directed by Elia Kazan. 1951, 122 minutes. B&W


Suddenly Last SummerElizabeth Taylor, Montgomery Clift, Katherine Hep-burn. 1959. B&W


Sunset BoulevardWilliam Holden, Gloria Swanson, Erich von Stroheim,Nancy Olsen. Directed by Billy Wilder. 1950, 110 min-utes. B&W


The Ten CommandmentsCharlton Heston, Yul Brynner, Anne Baxter, YvonneDe Carlo. Directed by Cecil B. De Mille. 1956, 220 min-utes.



To Catch a ThiefCary Grant, Grace Kelly, Jessie Royce Landis. Directedby Alfred Hitchcock. 1955, 103 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # LV 6308Linear CLVPrice: $29.95

Tom JonesAlbert Finney, Susannah York, Hugh Griffith, DameEdith Evans, David Tomlinson. Directed by Tony Rich-ardson. 1963, 127 minutes.


Treasure of Sierra MadreHumphrey Bogart, Wafter Huston, Tim Holt, BruceBennett. Directed by John Huston. 1948, 126 minutes.B&W


20,000 Leagues Under the SeaKirk Douglas, James Mason, Peter Lorre. 1954, 118minutes.


2001, A Space OdysseyKeir Du Ilea, Gary Lockwood. Directed by Stanley Ku-brick. 1968, 139 minutes.


VertigoJames Stewart, Kim Novak. Directed by Alfred Hitch-cock. 1958, 128 minutes.


Pioneer Video, Catalog # 40082Linear CLVPrice: $39.98

War of the WorldsGene Barry, Ann Robinson, Les Tremayne. 1953, 85minutes.


We're No AngelsHumphrey Bogart, Aldo Ray, Peter Ustinov. 1955, 103minutes.


FINANCE

The Joy of Stocks: Forbes Guide to the Stock Mar-ketThis disc offers step-by-step lessons in how to investwisely in stocks. Topics include mlluating stocks'safety and growth potential and anticipating marketshifts. 1984, 104 minutes.

Linear CLVSoftware: none needed in Level One applicationsPioneer Video, Catalog # ML100332Price: $34.95

HEALTH INSTRUCFION

The Way We LiveUp to fifteen viewers control an interactive exhibit,choosing one of four characters as a surrogate. Thestory branches according to the character chosen andother health-related choices made via a computer-linked voting system. The object is to make choicesthat will offer the best lifestyle for a longer lifespan.The majority vote is the deciding factor. In decidingwhether their character should go to work by car, bi-cycle, or bus, for example, a vote for the bus in-creases life expectancy because accidents are lesscommon in busses than cars or on bicycles.

Hardware requirements:Pioneer PR-8210 videodisc playerAtari 800 system with 98K, 810 interface, disc drive,and 850 module

66

One large screen color monitor and two smaller mon-itors for data and voting display.

Optional hardware:Extra input keypads for the "Computer Tally" systemare available for $150 each (five are supplied with ba-sic package).

Programed CAVSoftware: Atari written in ForthInteractive Image Technologies Inc.Price: $5,000 for basic package of a five-input system,one videodisc and controlling software

HISTORY

The History DisquizThis disc is a one-hour program that will test one'sknowledge of 20th century history. Film clips of suchevents as the Beatles invasion, the first moon landing,and the explosion of the Hindenberg are followed byquestions. Score points as you follow the action.Steve Allen is the host for the program. The HistoryDisquiz covers a wide range of topics including poli-tics, entertainment, science, international affairs,trends, and sports to name a few.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicationsOptical Programming AssociatesPrice: $29.95

HORTICULTURE

Gardening at HomeThis disc provides the fundamentals of gardening forboth the beginner and expert. A plant guide includesover 350 plants to help guide the user in their careand growth. The dual audio capabilities of the laserdisc are used for separate audio programs.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed in Level One applicationsPioneer Video, Catalog # 11-110Price: $29.95

LANGUAGE

Exploring Language: Thinking, Writing, Commu-nkatingThis series of discs is designed to be a lower-level hu-manities course. The series has a dual purpose: to ex-

plore the social, psychological, and political implica-tions of language, and to teach the fundamentals ofclear, concise writing by providing week-by-week in-struction in organizing and writing essays. The com-position and language-study parts of this course com-plement each other. The composition portion helps toimprove a student's awareness of the language envi-ronment. These topics hclude the structure and func-tion of language, how ianguage is acquired, how lan-guage is used for manipulation in politics and adver-tising, and how it is a medium for sexism andchauvinism. This dual focus helps students to under-stand and to use language more effectively. Portionsof six texts and a course guide are required if thediscs are used for credit. Suggested credit value is sixsemester-hours. Content of the discs is listed below.

Program 1: The Shape of LanguageProgram 2: Communities of SpeechProgram 3: Language, Learning and ChildrenProgram 4: The Rhyme and Reason of PoliticsProgram 5: The Written WordProgram 6: Men, Women and LanguageProgram 7: Just Plain EnglishProgram 8: Apes and LanguageProgram 9: The State of English

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicatiolisMaryland Center for Public BroadcatingPrice: $125 per disc, $500 for the set. Print materialscost an additional $60

LEGAL EDUCATION

Evidence ObjectionsThis disc is designed to augment the instruction thata law student receives in an Evidence and Trial Advo-cacy course. Each student can use the exercise indi-vidually or in a team of two to get experience in rec-ognizing when to object and how to argue in supportof an objection. The law student will play the role ofdefense counsel in a criminal trial. All of the otherparticipants are on the videodisc. Duzing the prosecu-tor's direct examination, improper questions will beasked. The witness will have improper information insome of the answers. The student must interrupt thetrial at the proper occasions, otherwise the trial willnot stop. After making the objection, the student willhave to state the correct reason and the judge willpass a ruling on it. The trial will then resume at theproper point. The computer provides an analysis ofthe student's performance.


Hardware requirements:IBM-PC computerPioneer LD-V1000 laserdisc player

Programed CAVSoftware: supplied for IBM-PCCenter for Computer-Assisted Legal InstructionPrice: $450.00

MATHEMATICS

Infinity FactoryA series of 20 thirty-minute lessons (10 discs) for stu-dents between the ages of 8 and 12 to learn math inreal life situations. This is geared for students in theBlack and Latin communities. All programs areclosed-captioned for the hearing-impaired.

Lesson Titles:PercentagesGraphsDecimal Fractions (1)Approximation (1)Measurement in Meters (1)AnglesAveragesFractionsEstimation of Length and QuantityEstimation of Quantity and LengthEstimation of Weight and VolumeMeasurement of VolumeMapping and ScalingNegative NumbersDecimal Fractions (2)Approximation (2)Measurement in Meters (2)Measurement of TimeMultiplicationProblem-Solving

Linear CAVSoftware: not needed for linear programsGPNPrice: $2,268 for ten discs and manual

Math AssessmentThis is a bilingual math assessment videodisc forgrade levels 1-3. It contains 335 criterion-referencedobjectives presented in English or Spanish. Developedthrough Utah State University's videodisc researchprogram, the disc can be used with or without an ex-ternal computer. The package includes a math assess-ment videodisc, users manuals, record-keeping soft-ware, and support materials.


Hardware requirement3:(Optional External Program)Allen Communications InterfaceApple II or Ile computerPioneer PR-7820, PR-8210, or VP-1000 videodisc player(Internal Program)Pioneer PR-7820-3 videodisc player (Epson printeroptional)

Programed CAVSoftware: provided for Apple II or Ile, or encoded ondiscSystems Impact, Inc.Price: $295 with diskettes, $195 for encoded disc

Math in BiologyThis program combines a videodisc and a microcom-puter to provide interactive basic math instruction.The target groups for the instruction are women andminorities who seek a career in the life and healthsciences, but have inadequate math skills. It is appli-cable to others as well. Biology examples are usedthroughout.

Programed CAVSoftware: providedUniversity of WashingtonPrice: $450

TriglandTrigland is an experimental interactive microcomput-erNideodisc course in trigonometry. It is designed forschools that are unable to offer a conventional trigo-nometry course. It is intended to be used by smallnumbers of students, preferably one or two at a time.A math teacher should closely monitor the students'progress, give additional instruction when needed,and provide supplemental materials to reinforce thetopics discussed in the Trigland modules. Progressquizzes are provided for each module to help theteacher determine areas of weakness and strength.The course consists of two videodiscs and 15 com-puter diskettes containing 12 modules of instruction.

Module Topics:1. Introduction2. Concepts of Relation and Function3. Circular Functions4. Degrees and Radians5. Sine and Cosine Functions6. Tangent and Reciprocal Functions7. Basic Identities8. Trigonometric Ratios, Interpolation and the Law ofSines and the Law of Cosines

68

9. Amplitude, Period, Phase and Vertical Shift and Ad-dition of Ordinates10. Uniform Circular Motion, Periodic Motion and Sim-ple Harmonic Motion11. Inverse Functions12. Solution of Simple Linear and Quadratic EquationsInvolving Circular Functions, and Equations Contain-ing More Than One Circular Function.

Necessary Hardware:Apple II, II+, Ile with 48K and two disc drivesTwo color monitorsOne Pioneer VP-1000 or equivalentOne M.E.C.C. videodisc interface board (included withthe course)Pocket calculator with trigonometric functions or atable of trigonometric values.

Programed CAVSoftware: provided for Apple II, II+, or IleOrtonville Public SchoolsPrice: $300

MEDICINE-CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The Interactive CPR Learning SystemThis disc was originally developed by the AmericanHeart Association as a means of significantly increas-ing the number of persons trained in cardiopulminaryresuscitation by providing a high-quality, standard-ized course that does not require an increased num-ber of instructors. The technology includes a micro-computer interfaced with a videodisc player, an inter-active audiocassette player, and a CPR manikin wiredwith a series of electronic sensors. The learning the-ory is based on the premise that student performanceis improved by immediate feedback that can pinpointthe student's mistakes as they occur. As the studentinteracts with the manikin, the system provides fourdifferent types of feedback (1) audiovisual coachingusing videodisc action segments selected by the com-puter; (2) visual display on the computer monitor (in-dicating, for example, that hand placement is incor-rect or depth of compression is too shallow); (3) au-dio tones to indicate the proper timing of eachcompression; and (4) a graphic summary on the com-puter monitor that details overall performance. An in-dividual student with some medical background maybe able to complete the CPR course in two hours. Agroup of four students utilizing one system may re-quire as lithe as four hours to finish the program. Re-certification may require less than one hour.

Hardware requirements:The hardware and software are only sold as a com-

plete package with everything included. An infantmanikin is optional.

Programed CAVSoftware: supplied with entire systemActronics Inc.Prices:$20,000 for entire package$2,500 for optional infant manikin

How Your Heart and Circulatory System WorksThis videodisc is designed to teach children 10 to 17years old about the structure of the heart, the func-tion or the blood, how to monitor heart rate and takeblood pressure, and understanding diseases and dis-orders of the heart and blood vessels. Each disc is ac-companied by a 110-page operator's manual. Thismanual explains how to use the automatic and man-ual mode to arrange and locate materials. The manualalso describes and lists locations of motion scenes,slide, and print material for each of the sbc chapterson the videodisc.

Hardware requirements:Pioneer PR-7820 or LD-V600 for programed use

Programed CAVSoftware: Level Two encoded on discSimon Fraser UniversityPrice: $100

MEDICINE-HEMATOLOGY

Medical Applications Videodisc: HematologyThis disc is a collaborative effort of the American So-ciety of Hematology, the Western University PhysicalDiagnosis Slide Bank, the World Health Organization,and the University of Washington Health SciencesCenter for Educational Resources. By referring to theaccompanying catalog of the disc contents, the usermay rapidly and accurately locate any frame of thedisc. The disc nny be utilized with either a syllabusor an external computer source (microcomputer tofull mainframe) to develop a variety of computer-as-sisted lessons, tests, or case simulations. This one-sided videodisc contains the following:

1. The entire American Society of Hematology mor-phology collection (approximately 2200 frames)2. The World Health Organization International His-tologic Classification of Tumors (approximately 2500

frames)3. Selected frames from the Western UniversitiesPhysical Diagnosis Slide Bank (approximately 2000

frames)

6 9Intetactive Wdeodiscs 61

4. The film "Red Cell Shapes" by Professor MarcelBessis. The short technique videotape "Venipuncture:The Vacutainer System" by Joyce Behrens, M.T.(ASCP)6. A short demonstration program introducing the ap-plications for the disc

Interactive CAVSoftware: none needed for Level One applicationsAmerican Technology ResourcesPrice: $250

MEDICINE-MICROSCOPY

Clinical MicroscopyThis one-sided disc contains materials from approxi-mately 200 different clinical cases. It includes materialin hematology, pathology, cytology, histology, parisi-tology, and microbiology. Scans of the material at var-ious microscopic features of the case in question. Theaccompanying cataiog allows generation of a wide va-riety of instructional programs utilizing either syllabior computer (including microcomputer) control.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applications.American Technology ResourcesPrice: $250

MEDICINE-NERVOUS SYSTEM

Disorders of the Nervous System: MotorThis one-sided disc is a compilation of material froma visual glossary collection of neurological dysfunc-tion. Normal and abnormal gaits and reflexes aredemonstrated as well as a wide variety of motor signsand disorders. The accompanying catalog allows rap-id access for lecture demonstration or self-study aswell as the compilation of written or computerized in-structional programs.

Interactive CAVSoftware:American Technology ResourcesPrice: $175

Disorders of the Nervous System: MentationThis one-sided disc is a compilation of material froma visual glossary collection of neurological dysfunc-tion. Six patients are shown who demonstrate a varie-


ty of disorders of mentation. The accompanying cata-log allows rapid access for lecture demonstration orself-study as well as the compilation of written orcomputerized instructional programs.

Interactive CAVSoftware:American Technology ResourcesPrice: $175

MEDICINE-TRAUMA TRAINING

Trauma Training Materials VideodiscThe University of Washington Department of Surgeryand the HSCER developed this program of two discs(three sides) that demonstrates basic techniques thatmust be mastered by a trauma care team working inan emergency room setting. Each side covers twotopics including interactive testing segments on eachtopic. Topics include: Approach to the Critically In-jured Patient; Chest Tube Placement; Subclavian Cath-eterization; Peritoneal Lavage; Venous Cannulation,and Arterial Puncture.

Hardware Requirements:Pioneer PR-7820 or LD-V6000 videodisc player isneeded for interactive testing segments. The disc maybe used without the testing segments on any laserdisc player.

Programed CAVSoftware: Level Two testing segments encoded ondiscAmerican Technology ResourcesPrice: $225

MEDICINE-ULTRASOUND

Sight Through Sound: An Interactive Introductionto Medical Diagnostic UltrasoundThis one-sided disc covers the basic concepts andpractice of ultrasound from principles of physics tothe use of equipment and accurate interpretation ofsonographic images. Viewers benefit from an interac-tive learning games approach providing valuable feed-back on short case histories, identification of sono-grams for clinical applications, recognizing transducermotion, and more. Viewers can actually manipulatesimulated ultrasound scanner controls while watchingthe results of their actions on the video monitor.

Hardware Requirements:Pioneer PR-7820 or LD-V6000 player needed for inter-active program.

70

Programed CAVSoftware: Level Two encoded on discAmerican Technology ResourcesPrice: $495

MEDICINE-UROLOGY

Urinary CatheterizationThis disc demonstrates the correct procedures for allaspects of preparing the equipment and the patient(male and female) for urinary catheterization. Thedisc also demonstrates the proper catheterizationtechniques for both male and female patients. Thedisc includes both instructional and testing features.The videodisc, including a manual, is available to ac-credited educational and health care institutions.

Hardware Requirements:The system has program dumps on the disc and isdesigned to be used with a Sony LDP-1000 videodiscplayer.

Programed CAVSoftware: Level Two program on the videodiscACCESS AlbertaPrice: $225 including manual

MUSIC-INSTRUCTION

Videodisc Music Series, Disc 1This four-disc series was designed and produced bythe University of Delaware under a grant from the Na-tional Endowment for the Humanities. Each disc sidecontains a supporting slide library.

Side 1. Symphonic and Chamber MusicJoseph Haydn, "Symphony No. 94 (Surprise)," 2ndmovement. University of Michigan Orchestra.

Stereo audio performance*Two-line score with harmonic reduction and analy-sisW. A. Mozart, "Quintet for Clarinet and Strings" 10581,first movement. Delos String Quartet with Peter Hill.

Full video performance with stereo soundFull score with harmonic analysisMelodic contour map

Side 2. Chamber MusicW. A. Mozart, "Piano Concerto in G Major 1(453," 1stmovement. Ars Musica with Penelope Crawford.

Full video performance with stereo soundPerformance on period instrumentsTwo of Mozart's cadenzasReduced four-line score

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicationsUniversity of DelawarePrice: $295 for four discs and manual

Videodisc Music Series, Disc 2This four-disc series was designed and produced bythe University of Deiaware under a grant from the Na-tional Endowment for the Humanities. Each disc sidecontains a supporting slide library.

Side 1. Symphonic Program MusicHector Berlioz. "Symphonie Fantastique," 5th move-ment. Oberlin Conservatory Orchestra.

Full video performance with stereo soundReduced ScoreStatements of the Idee Fixe from all movements

Gregorian Chant, "Dies Irae." Catholic UniversityFull video performance with stereo soundRhythmic analysis of the chant statements in the

Symphonie Fantastique

Side 2. Orchestral Program MusicClaude Debussy, "Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun."Oberlin Conservatory Orchestra.

Stereo audio performanceReduced two-line score

Orchestral Instrument DemonstrationsVideo examples with stereo sound

Video spectrum analysis of selected instruments



Side 1. Vocal MusicKarl Loewe, J. F. Reichardt, Franz Schubert, "Erl-konig." Curtis Institute of Music.

Full video performances for all three settingsFull score of the Schubert with harmonic analysisFull audio performance of the Schubert in English

Johannes Brahms "Shaffe in Mir Gott," from the 51stPsalm. Oberlin Conservatory Chorus.

Full audio performance in stereoFull score with color-coded form analysis

Side 2. OperaGiacomo Puccini, "La Boheme," selected scenes. Met-


ropolitan Opera, directed by Franco Zeffirelli.Video performances of selected scenes from the op-

eraFranco Zeffirelli's views on singers/actorsRehearsal sequences of the operaExcerpts from the soon-to-be-released disc by the

Met



Side 1. Keyboard WorksCarl Phi Ilipp Emanuel Bach, "Fantasia in G Minor."James Weaver, Smithsonian Institution.

Full performances on clavichord and fortepianoFull score with harmonic reduction and analysisDemonstration of period keyboard ornaments

Ludwig van Beethoven, "Piano Sonata Opus 13 (Path-etique)." Michael Steinberg, University of Delaware.

Full video performance in stereoFull score with harmonic reduction and analysisColor-coded formal analysis

Side 2. Keyboard WorksFrederic Chopin, "Polonaise, Opus 53." Leon Bates,University of Delaware.

Full video performance in stereoFull score with harmonic reductionFull score with color-coded formal analysis


Music IsThis course is geared for upper elementary level mu-sic classes. The course consists of five discs with a30-minute lesson on each side. The instruction isbased on a linear play format, so there is no interacti-vity built into the course. The disc is also equippedfor closed captions.

1. Music Is2. Music Is Rhythm3. Music Is Melody


4. Music Is Harmony5. Music Is Tone Color6. Music Is Form7. Music Is Composed8. Music Is Conducted9. Music Is Improvised10. Music Is Style

Linear CAVNo Computer Program AvailableGPNPrice: $1,134 with teacher's guide

MUSIC-JAZZ

Nat Adder ly, Jazz Life Volume 3Songs include "Work Song," "Tallahassie," "ChelseaBridge," "Jordanian Walk," and "The Scene." Record-ed live at the Village Vanguard. 55 minutes.

Pioneer VideoLinear CAVPrice: $29.95

Art BlakelyWith Wynton Mersa lis live at 7th Avenue South, De-cember 21, 1981. Songs include "MS.BC," "My Ship,""Fuller Love," "Alicia" and "Gypsy Folktales." 54 min-utes.


Richie Cole, Jazz Life Volume IRecorded June 1981 at the Village Vangard in NewYork. "Punishment Blues," "Yardbird Suite," "IslandBreeze," and "Body and Soul." 51 minutes.


Chick CoreaSongs include "L's Bop," "Why Wait," "3,500 MilesHigh," and "Guernica." 57 minutes.


Chick Corea and Gary Burton, Crystal BreakPioneer VideoLinear CLVPrice: $24.95

Chick Corea and Gary Burton Live in TokyoSongs include "La Fiesta," "Senor Mouse," and chil-dren's songs. 58 minutes.


George Duke, Super KeyboardsPioneer VideoLinear CLVPrice: $34.95

Ella FitzgeraldRecorded with Paul Smith Trio and All Stars. Songs in-clude "Night and Day," "Honeysuckle Rose," "OldMacDonald," and "Georgia on My Mind." 59 minutes.


Dizzy Gillespie and the All-Star DreambandWith Gerry Mulligan, Max Roach, Paul West, JohnLewis, Milt Jackson, and others. Recorded on Febru-ary 16, 1982. 90 minutes.


DE-zy Gillespie, Live at Concerts by the SeaRecorded on February 26, 1981. Songs include "BeBop," "Hard of Hearing," "Mama," and "Jazz America."


Johnny Griffen, Jazz Life Volume 2Songs include "Blues for Gonzi," "56," "A MonksDream," and "Blues for Lesley." Recorded in June of1981 at the Village Vanguard in New York. 47 minutes.


Freddie Hubbard Live at the Village VanguardSongs Include "Happy Times," "Guernica," "LitteWaltz," "Fantasy in D." Recorded on June 24, 1982. 55minutes.


Jazz on a Summer's DayLouis Armstrong, Thelonius Monk, Sonny Stitt, GeorgeShearing, Dinah Washington, Gerry Mulligan, ChicoHamilton, Anita O'Day, Jimmy Guiffre, Chuck Berry,Big Mybelle Smith, Jack Teagarden, and Mahalia Jack-son.


Jazz Vocal SpecialRare footage of 1950s television shows including AnitaO'Day, Nat King Cole, Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway,and Helen O'Connell. Songs include "Man That'sGroovy," "Got a Penny Benny," "Lonesome Road,""Five Guys Named Mop," and "Thanks for the BoogieRide." 40 minutes, B&W. Monoral sound.


Keith Jarrett, Vermont Solo Concert 1977Pioneer VideoLinear CLVPrice: $41.95

George Kawaguchi Meets Shelly ManneSongs include "Old Man," "Sand Storm," "Windy After-noon," "Traditional," and "Bear Walk."


Manhattan ExpressMike Mainieri with Bob Minzer on electric bass clari-net. Recorded in December 1981 at Seventh Avenue

'73 Interactive Videodiscs 65

South, New York. Songs include "I'm Sorry," "FlyingColors," "Crossed Wires," and "Bamboo." 50 minutes.


Modern Jazz Quartet, AgainSongs include "The Cylinder," "Summertime," "Monte-rey Mist," and "Confirmation." Recorded in concertOctober 20, 1981 at the Tokyo Budokan. 79 minutes.


Music in Monk TimeChick Corea and others pay a musical tribute to thelate Thelonius Sphere Monk's compositions including10 selections. 60 minutes.


Gerry Mulligan, Live at ERICSongs include "17 Mile Drive," "For an UnfinishedWoman," 'Valk on Water," "North Atlantic Run," and"K-4 Pacific." Recorded on February 26, 1981. 59 min-utes.


One Night StandEubie Blake, Kenny Barron in duet with Bobby Hut-cherson, Bob James, and others. 1981, 98 minutes.


Oscar PetersonSongs include "City Lights," "On Danish Shores,""Yesterday," and "My Shining Hour." 56 minutes.

Pioneer Video1.:mear CLVPrice: $29.95


Playboy Jazz Festival Volume 1Willie Bobo, Art Farmer, Maynard Furguson, McCoyTyner, Elvin Jones, Lionel Hampton, Red Norvo andGrover Washington. 90 minutes.


Playboy Jazz Festival Volume 2Dave Brubeck, Oniette Coleman, Weather Report,Manhattan Transfer. 90 minutes.


Max Roach Live at Blues AlleySongs include "Mr. High Hat," "Big Sid," "It's Time,"and "Back to Basics." Recorded on March 2, 1981. 59minutes.


Sonny Rollins, Montreal 1982Pioneer VideoLinear CLVPrice: $29.95

George Shearing at Ambassador AuditoriumSongs include "On a Clear Day," "High and Incide,""Close Enough for Love," "Up a Lazy River," "Concer-to for Classical Guitar and Jazz Piano." George Shear-ing, piano; Angel Romero, guitar; Shelly Manne,drums; and Brian Tod, bass. 50 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # PA-82-022Linear CAVPrice: $29.95

Mel Torme and Della Reese in Concert 1978Pioneer Video, Catalog # 74-009Linear CLVPrice: $24.95

Grover Washington, Jr. in 37- zertWith Eric Gale, Richard Tee, L.Aid Steve Gadd. Scngsinclude "Jugs. the Two of Us," "Wine light," and "ComeMorning." 53 minutes.

74


Nancy Wilson with the Chick Corea BandSongs include "I Want To Be Happy," "I Get a KickOut of You," "Round Midnight," "But Not for Me,""Yesterday," 'Them There Eyes," "Take the A Train."47 minutes.


MUSIC-MUSICALS

An American in ParisGene Kelly, Leslie Caron. Music by George Gershwin.1951, 102 minutes.


AnnieAileen Quinn, Ann Reinking, Geoffrey Holder, CarolBurnett, Albert Finney, Bernadette Peters, Tim Curry.Directed by John Huston. Music and lyrics by Charles

. se and 74artin Charnin. 1981.

neer Video, Catalog # VLD10301 CLV

P. ice: $39.95

,est Little Whorehouse in TexasDolly Parton, Burt Reynolds, Dom DeLuise, CharlesDurning, Jim Nabors, Lois Nettleton. Directed by ColinHiggins. 1982, 114 minutes.


BrigadoonGene Kelly, Van Johnson, Cyd Charisse. Directed byVincente Minnelli. Music and lyrics by FrederickLoewe and Alan Jay Lerner. 1954, 108 minutes.


7 5

CabaretLiza Minnelli, Michael York, Joel Grey. Directed byBob Fosse. Music and lyrics by John Kander and Fred

Ebb. 1972, 117 minutes.


CamelotRichard Harris, Vanessa Redgrave, David Hemmings.Directed by Joshua Logan. Music and lyrics by Freder-ick Loewe and Alan Jay Lerner. 1967.


Fiddler on the RoofTopol, Norma Crane, Molly Picon, Leonard Frey. Di-rected by Norman Jewison. Music and lyrics by JerryBock and Sheldon Harnick. 1971, 169 minutes.


Finian's RainbowFred Astaire, Petula Clark, Keenan Wynn. Music andlyrics by Burton Lane and E. Y. Harburg. Directed byFrancis Ford Coppola. 1968, 141 minutes.


42nd StreetDick Powell, Ginger Rogers, Ruby Keeler, Bebe Dan-iels, Warner Baxter, Guy Kibbee, Una Merkel. Directedby Lloyd Bacon. Music and lyrics by Harry Warrenand Al Dubin. 1933, 89 minutes. B&W


Funny GirlBarbra Streisand, Kay Medford, Walter Pidgeon, OmarSharif, Ann Francis. Directed by William Wyler. Musicand lyrics by Jule Styne and Bob Merrill. 1968.

Interactive Wdeodiscs 67


A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Fo-rumZero Mostel, Phil Silvers, Jack Gifford, Buster Keaton.Directed by Richard Lester. Music and lyrics by Ste-phen Sondheim. 1966, 99 minutes.


GigiLeslie Caron, Louis Jourdan, Maurice Chevalier, Her-mione Gingold. Directed by Vincente Minnelli. Musicand lyrics by Frederick Loewe and Alan Jay Lerner.1958, 115 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # ML100050Lwear CLVPrice: $34.95

GreaseOlivia Newton-John, John Travolta, Stockard Chan-ning, Eve Arden, Sha-Na-Na. Music and lyrics by War-ren Casey and Jim Jacobs. 1977, 110 minutes.


Grease IIMaxwell Caufield, Michelle Pfeiffer, Lorna Luft, AdrianZmed, Didi Conn, Eve Arden, Sid Caesar, Tab Hunter.1982, 115 minutes.


Guys and DollsFrank Sinatra, Marlon Brando, Stubby Kay, Jean Sim-mons, Vivian Blaine, Sheldon Leonard. Directed by Jo-seph L. Mankiewicz. Music and lyrics by FrankLoesser. 1955, 150 minutes.



HairTreat Williams, John Savage, Beverly D'Angelo. Musicby Galt Mac Dermot and lyrics by Gerome Ragni andJames Rado. 1979, 119 minutes

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 4593Linear CLVPrice: $34.98

Hello DollyBarbra Streisand, Walter Matthau, Michael Crawford,Louis Armstrong. Directed by Gene Kelly. Music andlyrics by Jeny Herman. 1969, 148 minutes.


The King and IDeborah Kerr, Yul Brynner, Rita Moreno, Martin Ben-son. Music by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammer-stein II. 1956, 133 minutes.


The Little PrinceRichard Kiley, Bob Fosse, Gene Wilder, StevenWa:ner. Directed by Stanley Donen. Music and lyricsby Frederick Loewe and Alan Jay Lerner. 1974, 88minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # LV8017Linear CLVPrira. $29.95

MameLucille Ball, Beatrice Arthur, Robert Preston. Musicand lyrics by Jeny Herman. 1974, 131 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog * 11100OLVLinear CLVPrice: $39.98

Mary PoppinsJulie Andrews, Dick Van Dyke, Glynis Johns, DavidTomlinson. Directed by Robert Stevenson. Music and

7 6

lyrics by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman.1964, 139 minutes.


Meet Me in St. LouisJudy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, TomDrake, June Lockhart, Harry Davenport. Directed byVincent Minnelli. 1944, 115 minutes. B&W


My Fair ladyAudrey Hepburn, Rex Harrison, Stanley Holloway, Viil-fred Hyde White, Gladys Cooper. Directed by GeorgeCukor. Music and lyrics by Frederick Loewe and AlanJay Lerner. 1964, 170 minutes.


OklahomaShirley Jones, Gordon MacRae, Rod Steiger, CharlotteGreenwood, Gloria Grahame, Eddie Albeit Directedby Fred Zinnemann. Music and lyrics by Richard Rod-gers and Oscar Hammerstein II. 1955.


On the TownFrank Sinatra, Gene Kelly, Ann Miller. 98 minutes.Pioneer Video, Catalog # Nil..100057Linear CLVPrice: $34.95

Paint Your WagonLee Marvin, Clint Eastwood, Jean Seberg, Harve Pres-nell. Directed by Joshua Logan. Music and lyrics byFrederick Loewe and Alan Jay Lerner. 1970, 164 min-utes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # LV6933-2Linear CLVPrice: $35.95

PippinBen Vereen, William Katt, Martha Raye, Chita Rivera.Music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz. 1981, 110 min-utes.


Singing in the RainGene Kelly, Debbie Reynolds, Donald O'Connor, JeanHagen, Rita Moreno, Cyd Chazisse. Directed by StanleyDonen. Music and lyrics by Arthur Freed and NacioHerb Brown. 1952, 103 minutes.


7 7

Sound of MusicJulie Andrews, Christopher Plummer. Directed byRobert Wise. Music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers andOscar Hammerstein 11. 1965, 174 minutes.


South PacificRossano Brazzi, Mitzi Gaynor, Ray Walston, FranceNuyen. Music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers and Os-car Hammerstein 11. 1958, 150 minutes.


TommyAnn-Margaret, Oliver Reed, Jack Nicholson, EltonJohn, Tina Turner, Roger Daltrey, Eric Clapton, KeithMoon. Directed by Ken Russell. Music and lyrics byPeter Townsend. 1975.



Treasure Island, The MusicalChristopher Cazenove, Frank Gorshin, Bernard Miles.Music by Cyril Ornadel, lyrics by Hal Shaper. 118 min-utes.


West Side StoryNatalie Wood, Richard Beymer, Rus Tamblyn, RitaMoreno, George Chakiris. Directed by Robert Wiseand Jerome Robbins. Music and lyrics by LeonardBernstein and Stephen Sondheim. 1961, 150 minutes.


The WizDiana Ross, Michael Jackson, Nipsey Russell, TedRoss, Mabel King, Thelma Carpenter. Music and lyricsby Charlie Small. 1978, 134 minutes.


The Wizard of OzJudy Garland, Frank Morgan, Ray Bolger, Burt Lahr,Jack Haley. Directed by Victor Fleming. 1939, 101 min-utes.


XanaduOlivia Newton-John, Gene Kelly, Michael Beck. 1980,97 minutes.


Yankee Doodle DandyJames Cagney, Joan Leslie, Walter Huston, RichardWhorl. Directed by Michael Curtiz. Music by GeorgeM. Cohan. 1943, 126 minutes. B&W



MUSIC-OPERA

AidaBy Giuseppi Verdi. Maria Chiara, Nicola Martinucci,Florenza Cossotto, Giuseppe Scandola. i'erfortned atthe Arena di Verona on July 31, 1984, Anton Guadagnoconducting. 154 minutes.


Der FreischutzBy Karl Maria von Weber. Dresden State Orchestraand Chorus. Rolf Haunstein, Rolf Wolfrad, Ana Pisar,Christine Weidinger, Karl-Heinz Stryczek, Reiner Gold-berg, Rolf Tomaszewski, and Gunter Leib with Sieg-fried Krutz conducting. 135 minutes.


Die FiedermausBy Richard Strauss. Royal Opera House, Covent Gar-den. Kiri te Kanawa, Hildegarde Heichele, DennisO'Neill, Hermann Prey. Conducted by Placift Domin-go. 180 minutes.


Don CarloBy Giuseppi Verdi. Performed at the Metropolitan Op-era conducted by James Levine. Placido Domingo,Mirella Freni, Grace Bumbry, Louis Quilico, NicolaiGhiaurov. March 26, 1983. 214 minutes.

1Noneer VideoLinear CLVPrice: $49.95

ErnaniBy Giuseppi Verdi. Teatro Alla Scala. Placido Domin-go, Mirella Freni, Renato Bruson, Nicolai Ghiavrov.138 min.

78


FalstaffBy Giuseppi Verdi. Royal Opek a House, Covent Gar-dens. Renato Bruson Katia Ricciarelli, Leo Nucci, Bar-bara Hendricks. Conducted by Carlo Maria Giulini.1982, 139 minutes.


H. M. S. PinaforeBy Gilbert & Sullivan. Peter Marshall, Frankie Howard,Meryl Drower, Michael Bulman. 90 min.


La BohemeBy Giacorno Puccini. Royal Opera House, Covent Gar-den. Ileana Cotrubas and Neil Shicoff. February 16,1982. 116 min.


La Fanclulla del WestBy Giacomo Puccini. Royal Opera House, Covent Gar-den. Placido Domingo, Carol Neblett, and Silvano Car-roli. 1982, 140 min.


La TraviataBy Giuseppi Verdi. Franco Zefferelli, director. PlacidoDomingo, Theresa Stratas, Cornell MacNeil, AlanMonk, Axelle Gall, Pina Cei, with English subtitles.1983, 105 minutes. Surround sound encoded.


79

Lucia di LammermoorBy Gaetano Donizetti. Metropolitan Opera conductedby Richard Boyge. Joan Sutherland, Alfredo Kraus,Pablo Elvira, Ariel Bybee. 128 minutes.


Manon LescautBy Giacomo Puccini. Royal Opera House, Covent Gar-den. Placido Domingo, Kiri te Kanawa. Giuseppi Sino-poll conducting.


MikadoBy Gilbert & Sullivan. Clive Revill, William Conrad,Stafford Dean, Gordon Sandison and Kate Flowers.Staged by Michael Geliot and Directed by RodneyGreenburg with the London Symphony Orchestra, Al-exander Faris conducting. 113 min. 1982.


OtelloBy Giuseppi Verdi. Arena de Verona. Vladimir Atlan-tov, Kiri te Kanawa, and Piero Cappucelli. 1982, 144minutes.


Peter GrimesBy Benjamin Britten. Royal Opera House, Covent Gar-den. Jon Vickers. 150 minutes.


Pirates of PenzanceBy Gilbert & Sullivan. Peter Allen, Keith Michell, Gil-lian Knight, Alexander Oliver, and Janis Kelly. Stagedby Michael Geliot and directed by Rodney Greenburg


with the London Symphony Orchestra, AlexanderFaris conducting. 94 min. 1982.


Samson and Da lilaBy Camille Saint Saens. Royal Opera House, CoventGarden. Jon Vickers and Shirley Verrett. 118 minutes.


Tales of HoffmanBy Jacques Offenbach. Royal Opera House, CoventGarden. Placido Domingo, Luciana Serra, AgnesBaltsa, Deana Cotrubas. 159 minutes.


Un Ballo in MascheraBy Giuseppi Verdi. Metropolitan Opera House Produc-tion with Luciano Pavarotti, conducted by GiuseppePatane. 1980.


Yeoman of the GuardBy Gilbert & Sullivan. Joel Grey


MUSICORCHESTRAL(*Denotes multiple selections on

disc)

Bach, J. S.Vier Ouverturen (Orchestersuiten)Kammerorchester Berlin, Helmut Koch, conducting.Ballet sequences by Leipzig Opera Company BalletTroupe. 79 minutes.


Pioneer Video, Catalog # MC-065Linear CLVPrice: $28.95

Beethoven, Ludwig von'Symphony No. 3 in E flat major Op.55 (Eroica)NHK Symphony Orchestra, Otmar Suitner, conducting.52 minutes. Recorded in November 1980.


Beethoven, Ludwig von'Symphony No. 5 in C minor Op.67 (Fate)Staatskapelle Berlin, Otmar Suitner, conducting. Re-corded June 7, 1981, in Japan.


Beethoven, Ludwig vonSymphony No. 6 in F major Op.68 (Pastorale)NHK Symphony Orchestra, Otmar Suitner, conducting.Recorded in November 1980. 46 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # MC-053Linear CAVPrice: $29.95

Beethoven, Ludwig vonSymphony No. 9 in D minorWolfgang Sawallisch, conducting the CzechoslovakiaPhilharmonic Orchestra. Recorded in June 1981. 71minutes.


Beethoven, Ludwig von*Egmont OvertureStaatskapelle Berlin, Otrnar Suitner conducting.


Beethoven, Ludwig von*Leonore Overture No. 3 from Op.72Staatskapelle Berlin, Otinar Suitner, conducting. Re-corded June 7, 1981, in Japan.

S 0


Bruckner, Anton*Symphony No. 4 in E flat major (Romantic)Staatskapelle Dresden, Herbert Blomstedt, conducting.Recorded in July 1981.


Dvorak, AntoninSlavic DancesZdenek Kos ler, conducting. 71 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # MC-037USInteractive CAVPrice: $29.95

Dvorak, AntoninSymphony No. 9 in E minor Op.95 (New World)Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, Vac lav Neumann, con-ducting.


Dvorak, AntoninSymphony No. 9 in E minor Op.95 (New World)NHK Symphony Orchestra, Otrnar Sawa nisch conduct-ing. 46 Recorded in April 1980. 46 minutes.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # MC-052Interactive CAVPrice: $28.95

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus*Sympltony No. 35 in D major 1(285 (Hafr/ff)Staatskapelle Berlin, Otmar Suitner conducting.


Schubert, Franz*Symphony No. 8 in B minor (Unfinished)Staatskapelle Dresden. Herbert Blomstedt conducting.

81


Smetana, BedrichMy Fatherland (Ma Vlast)Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, Vac lav Neumann con-ducting.


Stravinsky, IgorThe Soldier's Tale (L'Histoire du Soldat)This is an animated version of the Stravinsky work byR. 0. Blechman who is a noted cartoonist for the NewYorker magazine. It features voices of Max Von Sy-dow, Dusan Makavejew, and Andre Gregory. Music isperformed by the Los Angeles Chamber Orchestraconducted by Gerard Schwarz. 56 minutes.


MUSIC-SOLO/ENSEMBLE

Ayako, NakamuraNakamura Ayako on piano performing Pictures at anExhibition by Modest Mussorgsky.

Pioneer VideoInteractive CAVPrice: $29.95

Chuchro, JosefJosef Chuchro performing the Cello Concerto in B flatOp.104 by Antonin Dvorak. Vac lav Neumann conduct-ing the Czechoslovakian Philharmonic.

Pioneer VideoInteractive CAVPrice: $29.95

Horowitz, VladimirHorowitz in London, Royal Opera House, June 1983.Includes Chopin, Scarlotti Sonatas, Schumann's Scenesfrom Childhood, and Rachmaninoff. 116 minutes.



Pavarotti, LucianoPavarotti in London, Royal Albert Hall, April 13, 1982.Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. Includes arias fromTosca, Macbeth, L'Elisir d'Amore, and Turandot. 51minutes.


Perlman, ltzhakItzhak Perlman with the Philharmonic Orchestra, Car-lo Maria Giulini conducting. Beethoven Violin Concer-to. 45 minutes.


Rostropovich, Mstis lavRostropovich performing Dvorak Cello Concerto andSaint-Saenes Cello Concerto #1. London PhilharmonicOrchestra, Carlo Maria Giulini conducting. 65 minutes.


The Met GalaThe 100th anniversary concert at the MetropolitanOpera House features close to one hundred of theworld's leading singers, seven conductors, the Met Or-chestra, Chorus and Ballet performing in two separateprograms. The Met Gala recalls some of the most bril-liant arias and ensembles of the repertory, performedagainst a backdrop of five Met productions. 1983.


PHOTOGRAPHY

The Creative CameraThis is a participative disc that enables one to learnmore about 35 mm single lens reflex (SLR) cameras. Itdescribes technical terms and techniques and reviewsthe do's and don'ts of good photography. Audio track#1 features instructions for the beginner, audio track#2 is for the more advanced photographer.


1. The Camera2. The Lens3. Film4. Light5. Faposure6. Accessories7. Photographing People8. Photographing Sports and Action9. Photographing Scenics and Travel10. Special Effects

Five photo assignments include glimour, San Francis-co houses, vintage cars, wildflowers, and rodeo.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not needed for Level One applicationsPioneer Video, Catalog # HP-019Price: $29.95

PHYSICAL EDUCATION-SELF-DEFENSE

The World of Martial ArtsThis is a complete course on two levels. Audio trackone provides explicit instructions to the moves shownon the screen, while audio track two contains moreadvanced information. Many of the world's foremost^rsetitioners are teachers on this disc. An added fea-r---ture is the philosophy behind the Al Thomas systemof Budojulutsu.

Interactive CAVSoftware: none needed in Level One applicationsPioneer Video, Catalog # 37-605Price: $29.95

PHYSICAL FITNESS-EXERCISE

Aeresicise: The Beginning Workout198*: , 16 minutes.


Aerobicise: The Beautiful WorkoutLoryanna Catalano, Deborah Corday, Tina Rocca. 113minutes.


82

Aerobldse: The Ultimate WorkoutTwo self-contained classes. 1982, 105 minutes.


JazzercIseJudi Sheppard Missett is the instructor for this discthat uses many styles of popular music to exercise to.The disc allows the user to set a routine that is suitedto individual needs. The dL,c uses the dual audio ca-pabilities of the laser disc.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 32-608Linear CAVPrice: $24.95

Muscle MotionFeaturing the men of Chippendales. 1983, 57 minutes.


PHYSICAL FITNESS-RELAXATIONAND RUNNING

Jim Fixx on RunningTips on all aspects of running are contained on thisdisc, hosted by Jim Fixx. 53 minutes.


The Joy of RelaxationThe disc contains two complete relaxation routinesone for indoors and one for outdoor environments.Step-by-step instructions teach the user how to relax.

Pioneer Video, Catalog # 37-604Linear CAVPrice: $29.95

Yoga Moves with Alan FingerA complete workout with Alan Finger for rejuvenatingthe mind and body. 59 minutes.


SCIENCE-ANTHROPOLOGY

Ninety-Six: A Cattle Ranch In Northern NevadaThis disc describes the operation of a beef cattleranch in Humbolt County, Nevada. It is interactive onside A and linear on side B. Includes footage from1979-1981 with some footage from 1945. The disccomes with a booklet that is geared to college levelanthropology or folklore courses.

Hardware Requirements:Pi -er PR-7820-3 player.

Programed CAVSoftware: Level Two encoded on discLibrary of CongressPrice: $100

SCIENCE INSTRUCTION-BIOLOGY

Blo SclThis disc is a generic videodisc with a slide bank ofover 6,000 color images covering many areas of biolo-gy. An image directory assists in quickly locating agiven image. Areas covered include protozoology, his-tology, invertebrate zoology, plant taxonomy, ento-mology, ecology, icthyology, cell biology, herpetology,developmental biology, ornithology, biochemistry,mammalogy.

Software Packages (as of March 1, 1984)1. Protein synthesis, predator-prey, Mendalian genet-ics, and fertilization and development.2. Adaptive illusion, invertebrates, insects, amphibi-ans, arthropods, reptiles.3. Steppe biome, wet coniferous forest biome, Mt. St.Helens, plant diversity.4. Gymnosperms, fungi, angiosperms.5. Reptiles, birds, animal diversity, fishes, mammals.

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple 11 and IBM-PC jr.Videodiscovery, Inc.Prices: $495 for disc, $75 per software program, $300for the set of five programs.

Interactive Videodisc Science Instruction ProjectDeveloped by Nebraska Videodisc Group for the Cor-poration for Public Broadcasting and AnnenbergSchool of Communications.


Lesson 1. RespirationThe videodisc is used to simulate laboratory appara-tus, which allows the student to subject an organismto different temperatures and pressures. The studentcan project how respiration will be affected by thesevariables and observe the organism to see if the pre-dicted outcome was correct.

Lesson 2. Climate and LifeThe student observes the characteristics of differentclimatic environments on earth and studies the plantand animal life of each environment. Predictions mustthen be made as to the types of organisms that wouldlikely be found in a given environment. Students mustconstruct climatograms of those environments.

Hardware Requirements:Pioneer LD-V1000 playerPioneer SIA interfaceTwo color television monitors

Option #1:Apple II, II+ or Ile (48K)CP/M 2.0 or greater, slot independent16K RAM card, slot 0 (II, II+)Serial interface card, slot 280 column board, slot 3

Option #2IBM-PC (64K)Serial interface cardRS-232 cable

Programed CAVSoftware: written for IBM-PC and AppleGPN

Price: $425 for disc with manual and software.

SCIENCE INSTRUCTION-CHEMISTRY

Interactive Videodisc Science instruction ProjectDeveloped by Nebraska Videodisc Group for the Cor-poration for Public Broadcasting and AnnenbergSchool of Communications.

Lesson I. TitrationThe videodisc is used to simulate titration experi-ments with all the necessary equipment. The studenthas control of the variables in each experiment allow-ing for thousands of possible titration experiments.

Lesson 2. UnknownsThe student is asked to determine the chemicals usedto obtain a given reaction. Hundreds of chemical re-actions are available for the student to view, permit-


ting the student to observe how known chemicals re-act with each other.

Hardware Requirements:Pioneer LD-V1000 playerPioneer SIA interfaceTwo color television monitors

Option #1Apple II, II+ or Ile (48K)CP/M 2.0 or greater, slot independent16K RAM card, slot 0 (II, II+)Serial interface card, slot 280 column board, slot 3

Option #2IBM-PC (64K)Serial interface cardRS-232 cable

Programed CAVSoftware: written for IBM-PC or AppleGPN

Price: $425 for disc with manual and software.

Standard Heats of SolutionAn interactive general chemistry prelaboratory ex-periment at the college freshman level. The programcontains self-evaluation quizzes and remedial seg-ments.

Hardware Requirements:Pioneer PR-7820

Programed CAVSoftware: Level Two encoded on discUCLA Instructional Media LibraryPrice: $150

SCIENCE INSTRUCTION-PHYSICS

The Puzzle of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge Col-lapseThis disc introduces students to the physics of wavemotion and resonance. Three levels or tracks of in-struction are available on the disc. Five instructionalunits offer both experiments and actual footage of thebridge collapse.

I. Introduction to the PlayerThis explains the use of the Pioneer PR-7820 (LevelTwo) player in interactive instruction.

84

2. Tacoma Narrows Bridge CollapseEyewitness reports make up the narration for this livefootage that is not otherwise available.

3. Influence of the WindLab experiments are used to recreate actual condi-tions.

4. Importance of Physical PropertiesLive film and lab experiments demonstrate the princi-ples of physics needed to understand the collapse.

5. Conclusion

Programed CAVSoftware: encoded on disc (Level Two)John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Price: $150

Interactive Videodisc Science Instruction ProjectDeveloped by Nebraska Videodisc Group for the Cor-poration for Public Broadcasting and AnnenbergSchool of Communications.

Lesson I. Studies in MotionThe student is shown video segments of dance, div-ing, and gymnastics to study motion. Linear momen-tum, angular momentum, gravitational potential ener-gy, center of mass, and moment of inertia can be de-termined through equations.

Lesson 2. Energy TransformationThrough the use of different bicycles, the student cancalculate conservation of energy, the effects of fric-tion, wind resistance, tire inflation, and mass of therider.

Hardware Requirements:Pioneer LD-V1000 playerPioneer SIA interfaceIBM-PC (64K)Serial interface cardRS-232 cableVideo Associates Labs Microkey systemOne color monitor

Programed CAVSoftware: written for IBM-PCGPNPrice: $425 for disc with manual and software.

Frames of ReferenceVarious motions viewed from inertial and noninertialframes of reference are presented in this videodisc,

which vividly demonstrates the appearance of ficti-tious forces.

Hardware Requirements:Apple II+ or Ile computerVideodisc player:Pioneer PR-8210, LD-1100, or VP-1000; Magnavox VC-8010; or Sylvania VP-7200VideoVision VAL-135 interface.

Programed CAVSoftware: Written for Apple II+ or IleCentral Scientific CompanyPrices: $210 with program, $165 for disc alone.

Photons and Interference of PhotonsThe first part of the disc shows an experiment withvery weak light, and demonstrates that even weaklight can eject electrons without delay, suggestingthat radiant energy comes in packages. The secondpart demonstrates that even very weak light, whichwas shown to carry energy like a particle, producesinterference patterns characteristic of waves.

Hardware Requirements:Apple II+ or Ile computerVideodisc player: Pioneer PR-8210, LD-1100, or VP-1000; Magnavox VC-8010; or Sylvania VP-7200VideoVision VAL-135 interface.

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple II+ or IleCentral Scientific CompanyPrices: $250 with program, $195 for disc alone.

SCIENCE INSTRUCTION-SPACESCIENCES

Space Archive Volume 1, Space ShuttleThis disc contains an audiovisual documentation ofthe space shuttle STS 5, 6, and 7 missions. The pro-gram features the following events:

Solid rocket booster staging, freefall, parachute de-ployment, splashdown and recovery

Flight deck views of reentryOn-orbit launch of communications satellitesSpace walks of Story Musgrave and Don PetersonDeployment and retrieval of the SPAS pallet satel-

lite, including remote video views of the Shuttle fromSPAS

Housekeeping on the Shuttle, including techniquesfor shaving, eating and sleeping in zero gravity

Still photo collection of mission activities and out-the-window views of Earth

Comments by Commanders Vance Brand and Paul

8 5 Interactive Videediscs 77

Weitz, and Mission Specialists Joe Allen, Sally Ride,and John Fabian

Interactive CAVSoftware: none availableVideo Vision Associates, Ltd.Price: $39.95

Space Archive Volume 2, Apollo 17 Mission toTaurus LittrowThis disc takes the viewer to the surface of the moonwith the first exploration team ever to set foot on it.This disc is a must for the science classroom to seethe effects of low gravity on a planet. The disc con-tains live footage and stills of the lunar surface andthe astronauts performing their experiments.


Space Archive Special Edition Shuttle Downlink:The Repair of Solar MaxThis disc has live footage and still frames of one ofthe latest Shuttle missions. The disc has excellent col-or pictures with superb clarity of the astronauts walk-ing in space as well as in the weightless cabin. Thedisc has some of the best blast-off footage to date.The disc also features more prompts for the viewer totake advantage of the interactive nature of the medi-um.


Space Archive Volume 3, Mars and BeyondThis disc is unique in the series of space discs in thatit includes footage in 3-D. Two pairs of 3-D glassesare provided with the disc. Side one documents theViking mission to Mars with over 500 photos and 20minutes of video (14 minutes in 3-D). Mission photosfrom Voyager document the planets of Jupiter andSaturn. Side two includes a 25-minute film "Voyager"that was produced by the Jet Propulsion Lab.


78 Internet/ye VideodIscs

Space Disc I. VoyagerThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, putthis series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual andimage directory.

General infotmation moviesComputer-generated mission profile movies for Ju-

piter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune encountersSpacecraft development and assemblyDescriptions and results of all 11 experiments16 data animation movies of the rotation of Jupiter,

the Red Spot, Saturn, and Saturn's ringsComprehensive coverage of the imaging science ex-

periment, prepared by Dr. Reta BeebePhysical data, scale and USGS topographic maps

(when available) for each object encounteredSingle-concept programing segments, such as the

Deep Space Network, MTIS image display systemGalileo mission profile movieIncludes the Space Archive Volume 3 disc

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple IleVideo VisionPrice: $360 for two discs

Space Disc 2. ApolloThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, putthis series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual andimage directory.

Approximately 10,000 NASA photos of the Apollo 11,12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 missions

Astronaut trainingSpacecraft preparationMission and recoveryOnboard photographs shot by the astronautsMovie highlights of each missionLaunching and dockIng sequencesOut-the-window views from lunar orbit and during

descent and EVA activityIncludes the Space Archive Volume 2 disc

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple IleVideo VisionPrice: $360 for 2 discs

Space Disc 3. ShuttleThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-

86

ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, putthis series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual and

image directory.Approximately 3,400 NASA photos of the STS devel-

opmentOnboard photography from STS 1, 2, 3, and 4Developmental movies, including approach and

landing tests and propulsion test firingEngineering movies, including launch, ET separationOut-the-window views of launch and landing

r ,..'ng views from orbit, cargo bay, manipulatorail,. experiments, and cabin interior

Landing video from chase planesIncludes Space Archive Volume 1 and the Space Ar-

chive Special Edition Shuttle Downlink discs

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple IleVideo VisionPrice: $400 for 3 discs

Space Disc 4. The SunThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-

ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, putthis series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual andimage directory.

Pictoral glossary of all solar system bodiesPlanetary exploration by spacecraftCosmogony and comparative planetology still im-

ages and movie clipsMotion of sky from Earth, including star trails, ret-

rograde motion, seasons, and lunar phasesCollection of solar stillsMovie clips of sunspots, prominences, flares, rota-

tion, and eclipsePhotographs of observatories and collections from

their public files and archivesGlossary of deep sky objectsMovie clips of big bang, animation of stellar evolu-

tion, pulsars, and black holes

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple IleVideo VisionPrice: $320 per disc

Space Disc 5. AstronomyThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-

ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, put

this series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual andimage directory.

Stills of NASA launch record, including mission de-scription, launch vehicle, payload, and recovery

Historically significant movie clips, including V2

testing, Vanguard, Explorer, Shepard, Glenn, Kennedyspeech, Ranger lunar impact, White space walk, Gemi-

ni rendezvous, Apollo 8 lunar orbit, Apollo 11 landing,Armstrong step, Skylab repair, Mars landing, Apollo/

Soyuz handshake, and so on*Spinoff technology overview'Satellite applications

NASA aeronautics, including historical materialsfrom Langly, Lewis, Ames and Dryden'Aircraft development, including design, wind tunnel,

and flight testing

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple HeVideo VisionPrice: $400

Space Disc 6. Earth ScienceThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-

ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, putthis series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual and

image directory.Terrestrial geoscience, including plate tectonics vol-

canism, surface features, and rock studiesLunar sample and meteorite studiesComparative planetology, including crater studies,

surface mapping of terrestrial-like bodiesU-2 high-altitude photography, including 100 largest

American citiesGemini, Apoilo, Skylab, Apollo/Soyuz earth-looking

photographyComprehensive LandSat coverage, including the

USA, Alaska, selected global regions, seasonal com-parisons, and special mosaics

Imaging radar studies from Seasat and STS 2Advanced analysis and mapping techniques

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple HeVideo VisionPrice: to be announced

Space Disc 7. Space AgeThe Center for Aerospace Education at Drew Universi-

ty, in cooperation with NASA Education Services, put

87Interacdve Videodiscs 79

this series of discs together that document outerspace and this country's exploration of the spacefrontier. The discs come with a reference manual andimage directory.

Programed CAVSoftware: written for Apple IleVideo VisionPrice: to be announced

Planetary Image VideodiscThis disc is a reference archive of 100,000 black andwhite still frames of planetary images from the JetPropulsion Laboratory.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not available at this timeNational Technical Information Service, catalog #P983-223131Price: $50.00 (American Express, MasterCard, and Visaaccepted)

Selected NASA4PL Mission VideohnagesThis disc is a reference archive of black and whiteand color planetary images from the Jet PropulsionLaboratory.

Interactive CAVSoftware: not available at this timeNational Technical Information Service, catalog #PB83-22312Price: $50.00 (American Express, MasterCard, and Visaaccepted)

SPECIAL EDUCATION-SIGNLANGUAGE

Deaf Awareness: Let Your Fingers Do the TalkingThis disc is designed to teach sign language to com-municate with the hearing impaired. The videodisc,along with a support manual, includes both instruc-tional and testing segments on the manual alphabet,simple numbers, word signs, and phrases. The disccaptures the crucial elements of motion that are oth-erwise difficult to convey through the conventionalmethod of learning from a series of still photographs.The program combines the benefits of personal in-struction with feedbnk to provide the mast advancedand effective methods of teaching the communicationskills of sign language.

Programed CAVSoftware: program encoded on disc (Level Two)


Hardware: Sony LDP-1000ACCESS AlbertaPrice: $225

SPECIAL TOPICS

DiscursionsThis disc is a sample of different applications for thevideodisc technology. Each of its 16 demonstrations isorganized into a chapter that contains a slide show, amotion video segment, and digitally encoded textfrom relevant publications. These demonstration seg-ments range in length from 40 seconds to seven min-utes, and are located on both sides of the disc.

Side 1Chapter 1. Table of contents and introduction to thedisc.Chapter 10. Interactive Movie Map (Aspen). This is adynamic, interactive map, based on videodisc tech-nology, which the viewer uses to take a simulateddrive through an unfamiliar space.Chapter 11. Movie Manual. This section demonstrateshow the technology might be used as an electronicbook.Chapter 12. Communication News. This section simu-lates a personal electronic newspaper.Chapter 13. Desk File. Desk file explores electronicmail.Chapter 14. Talking Heads. Three-dimensional projec-tions with sound-sync and dynamic spatial correspon-dence are explored.Chapter 15. Zero Bandwidth Video. Several teleconfer-encing techniques are explored.Chapter 16. Lip Sync. Experiments in lip sync tech-niques.Chapter 17. Charicature Generator. This program usesa computer to create charicatures.

Side 2Chapter 20. Phone Slave. This section demonstrates apersonalized telecommunications system that workswith voice and electronic mail messages.Chapter 21. Put That There. A voice and gesture inter-active system.Chapter 22. Graphical Marionette. This section ex-plores a method of capturing human motion.Chapter 23. Archfile. A visual database of 5,000 rec-ords of American architecture.Chapter 24. Picassofile. A visual database of 700 Pi-casso works stored by style, period, location and sub-ject.Chapter 25. Viewpoint Dependant Imaging. This sec-tion simulates viewing a three-dimensional environ-ment.

88

Chapter 26. Stereoscopic Workspace. This ch wter ex-plores the use of a three-dimensional digitizer.Chapter 27. Facemaker. This section demonstrates theuse of videodisc for creating composite faces from acatalog of facial features.Chapter 30. Disc Design. An overview of the disc.Chapter 31. Digital Data. Description of how the datasections of the disc were created.Chapter 32. Bibliography.Chapter 33. Mapping by Yourself (Do-lt-Yourself As-pen). This section allows the user to create an inter-active mini-movie map with Aspen footage.Chapter 34. ArcMan in Action (24 Hours at the 'Mac).This is a documentation of one day at the Architec-ture Machine Group terminal garden in still-frames.Chapter 35. ArcMac Slidathon. A collection of over3,000 still images.

Interactive CAVSoftware:Architecture Machine GroupPrice: $100

TELEVLSION

Photo StoreOne of America's top photo agencies, Uniphoto Pic-ture Agency of Washington, and Meta Media Systems,Inc., have combined to produce the Photo Store, adistinctive video and communications tool. Tens ofthousands of high-quality color transparencies cover-ing the entire range of contemporary stock photogra-phy are contained on this disc. Direct processingfrom the videodisc means that no external time basecorrector is needed to produce a broadcast qualityimage. One annual licensing fee allows the use of anyImage for editorial video production, and many pho-tos are released and available for commercial use ona per use basis. The disc comes with a full color cata-log/index so images can be found quickly with any vi-deodisc player. Image Search software for the IBM-PCcomputers is available.

Interactive CAVSoftware: available with IBM-PC computersPicture Management SystemsPrice:


APPENDIX G. DIRECTORY OF VIDEODISCMASTERING OPTIONS

VIDEODISC SHARING

APh Technological Consulting55 North St. John AvenuePasadena, CA 91103(818) 796-0331

Comsell, Inc.500 Tech ParkwayAtlanta, GA 30313(404) 872-2500;-(800) 438-4100

RCS (International Interactive Communications Socie-tY)726 Marion AvenuePalo Alto, CA 94303(415) 324-3410

Learning Link CorporationLaser Disc Training and Information SystemsSuite 1112880 South MainSalt Lake City, Utah 84115(801) 466-9276

3rd Wave Media ConsultantsSuite 2061600 Notre Dame WestMontreal, QuebecCanada H3.1 IM1(514) 932-9885

SMALL VOLUME VIDEODISCMASTERING FACILITIES

Laser Video, Inc.One East Wacker DriveChicago, IL 60601(312) 467-6755

Spectra Image540 North Hollywood WayBurbank, CA 91505(808) 842-1111

LARGE VOLUME VIDEODISCMASTERING FACILITIES

Pioneer Video, Inc.Suite 3005150 East Pacific Coast Highway


Long Beach, CA 90804(213) 498-0300

Sony Video CommunicationsSony DrivePark Ridge, NJ 07656(201) 930-1000

Technidisc2250 Meijer JriveTroy, MI 48084(313) 435-7430

3M Optical Recording Project223-55 3M CenterSt. Paul, MN 55144(612) 733-4435

Comparison of Mastering CostsSet Up Costs Per Disc Side

Company CAV CAVMDSD/ CLVPioneer $2,100 $2,400 $2,400Sony $2,000 $2,000 $2,000Technidisc $1,500 $2,000 $2,0003M $1,800 $2,500 $2,500

9

Cost Per Disc

Company Qty CAV CAV CAN, CAW' CLV CLV

lad 2sd lsd 2sd lsd 2sd

Pioneer 1000 $10 $15 $14 $19 $14 $19

1000 $ 7 $12 $10 $15 $10 $15

Sony 249 $19 $30 $19 $30 $19 $30

499 $18 $26 $18 $26 $18 $26

999 $16 $25 $16 $25 $16 $25

1999 $15 $24 $15 $24 $15 $24

2999** $/4 $23 $14 $23 $14 $23

Technidisc 49 $19 $23 $18 $23 $18 $23

199 $16 $21 $17.50 $22.50 $16 $21

499 $14 $19 $17 $22 $14 $19

999 $12 $17 $16.50 $21.50 $12 $17

1499 $11 $16 $16 $21 $11 $16

1999 $10 $15 $15 $20 $10 $15

3M 99 $18 $23 $18 $23 $18 $23

499 $14 $20 $18 $23 $14 $20

999 $12 $17 $18 $23 $12 $17

1499 $10 $15 $15 $21 $10 $15

1999** $10 $15 $15 $21 $10 $15

2499** $ 8.50 $12.50 $12 $17 $ 8.50 $12.50

4999** $ 6.75 $10.50 $ 6.75 $10.50 $ 6.75 $10.50

CAV with digital programing** No set up charge for discs without digitaling

Program-


APPENDIX H. DIRECTORY OF INTERACTIVEAUTHORING LANGUAGES

Allen CommunicationsQuest Authoring System

FeaturesNo knowledge of programing necessaryCapable of dot-by-dot color graphicsQuick creation of shapes and animation, advanced

text video and audio featuresTrue/false, multiple choice, and fill-in-the-blank for-

mats availableUnequalled range of branching nabilitiesStudent data management optioll.,Student feedback optionsSimple set of commanasPrompts displayed at b'l timesLessons easily modifiedManual with tutorials provided

Allows the use of touch screens, light pens, and keyPads

Prices:$1295 for 1BM-PC and compatibles with video fea-tures$995 for IBM-PC compatibles without video features$995 for Apple Ile, 11c with video features$895 for Apple Ile, lic without video features

Interactive Training SystemsAuthority Authoring language

FeaturesNo programing expertise necessaryProvides second-generation authoring capabilitySupports video and text-based course developmentProvides highly productive course development toolIncludes competency-based educational formatsPromotes effective consistant course designSupports advanced video implementationDramatically reduces overall course development

costsCompletely menu-drivenSophisticated student record management includedSupports light pen and touch screen

Price: $12,000

Interactive Video ConceptsPharos Authoring Language

Pharos is designed to be used with an Apple 11+ (DOS

84 intetactive Videodiscs

3.3) or any Applesoft compatible microcomputer withtwo disc drives and I6K language card, driving a SonyLDP-1000 or Pioneer PR-7820 industrial/educationalvideodisc player through the Allen VMI or other ap-propriate interface system.

Software Package includes:Master diskettePharos tutorial diskettePHAROS manual

Price: $595

JAM IncorporatedJAM Disc Writer Course Authoring System

FeaturesFor use with 1BM-PC or Apple computers with 128K

RAM

Available for MS DOS 1.1 and MS DOS 2.0No programing knowledge necessaryUser's guide gives step-by-step instructionsOnline testing and record keeping capabilitiesPrints management reportsMenu based system

Price: $395

Online Computer Systems, Inc.Pilot Plus Authoring Language

FeaturesPilot Plus is supported on CP/M 22 Z80-based sys-

tems and 1BM-PC or other computers that use 8088 or8086 processorsAvailable for MS DOS, PC-DOS, and CP/M 86 operat-ing sYstems

Supports color graphics, videodisc, and sound tech-nologies

Full screen editor for creating or modifying materi-als

Online testing and record keeping capabilitiesEasy to use

Price: $1,000

92

University of UtahVCISVideo-Computer Courseware Implementa-tion System

FeaturesNo programing requiredCreate and edit text and graphicsBuild and revise coursewareUser options always displayed

'Analysis of student response data availableComplex branching routines availableFully transportable on the following systems: IBM-

PC (MS-DOS V.2), Zenith Z-100 (MS-DOS V.2), Terak8510A (UCSD Pascal), HP9836 (HP Pascal), and Vax11/750 (Berkley UNIX)

Courseware can be developed for one-third the nor-mal cost

Prices:$1,375 for one-year license to educational institution$5,500 for one-year license to other organizations

Video Vision Associates LTDLaser Write Authoring Language

FeaturesCapable of highly structured branching routinesMix and match captions, true/false questions, and

multiple choice items with or without the laser discplayer online

No programing experience necessaryPrograms can be edited with the Laser Write editor

or Apple Works word processing program

Price: $75

Whitney Educational ServicesA 128-A Insight 2000 Plus Authoring Language

FeaturesCompatible with Apple computers35 levels of branching10 levels of unit nestingOptions for multiple choice, true or false, or fill-in-

the-blank questions with unlimited responses'Student control can be available at any time

Student response storage fileBuilt-in diagnostic features

Price: $990

Whitney Educational ServicesPC-227A Insight-PC Plus Authoring Language

FeaturesFor use with IBM compatible computers35 levels of branching10 levels of unit nestingOptions for multiple choice, true or false, or fill-in-

the-blank questions with unlimited responsesStudent control can be available at any timeStudem response storage file

I Built-in diagnostic features

Price: $990

Whitney Educational ServicesSM 327 Insight 70 Authoring Language

FeaturesCompatible with Sony SMC-70 computersSupports the SMC-70 superimpose functions35 levels of branching10 levels of unit nestingOptions for multiple choice, true or false, or fill-in-

the-blank questions with unlimited responsesStudent control can be available at any timeStudent response storage fileBuilt-in diagnostic features

Price: $895

OptionSM 327-D videodisc controller only ($495)


APPENDIX I. SERVICE INFORMATION

Warrantech Corporation805 Third AvenueNew York, NY 10022(212) 319-6283

Approximate Costs for Selected Videodisc Relat-ed Items

Item Length of Carry-in On-siteContract Service Service

Videodisc Player 1 yr $ 422 yrs $ 843 yrs $115

TV Monitor 1 yr $ 40 $ 50(less tlan 19 in) 2 yrs $ 80 $ 90

3 yrs $120 $130TV Monitor 1 yr $ 50(19 in or larger) 2 yrs $100

3 yrs $1.50TV Projector 1 yr $1 00

2 yrs 4i24Th

Microcomputer Items per/yr $100* ?: 5.:°*Audio System 1 yr $ -;0(up to 5 components) 2 yrs $ 99

3 yrs $130

* or 12% of retail price, whichever is greater** or 15% of retail price, whichever is greater


9 4

APPENDIX J. VIDEODISC RESOURCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

This bibliography is a collection of books, period-icals, conference proceedings, and special publica-tions pertaining to the subect of videodiscs. Althoughvery few books have been written about videodiscs,those on the market range from historical accounts ofthe technology to production guides for interactiveprograming. The bulk of the information concerningthe applications of the technology, and the specificproblems encountered in daily use, 3s contained inthe periodicals. The periodicals listed here are eitherfully devoted to videodisc technology or have fre- .

quent articles that are helpful in understanding thedifferent aspects nf videodisc use. Several fields offerpublications tiqt discuss the videodisc technology:professional telt ision, educational media, computer-assisted instruction, and optical disc technology. Aseach of these areas has different readers, it is ofteninteresting to see the many different perspectivesfrom which the technology can be viewed.

BooksBennion, Junious L., and Edward W. Schneider. Video-

discs. Educational Technology Publications, Inc.,Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632, 1981.

Daynes, Rod, and Beverly Butler. The Videodisc Book.John Wiley & Sons, Inc., PO Box 063, Somerset, NewJersey 08873. 1984. $89.95.

DeBloois, Michael L. Effectiveness of Interactive Video-disc Training. Learning Link Corporation, 2880South Main Street, Suite 111, Salt Lake City, Utah84115, 1985. $25.

DeBloois, Michael L. Videodisc/MicrocomputerCourseware Design. Educational Technology Publi-cations, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632,1982.

Floyd, Steve, and Beth Floyd. Handbook of InteractiveVideo. Knowledge Industry Publications, 701 West-chester Avenue, White Plains, New York, 1983.$34.95.

Gayeski, Diane M. Corporate and Instructional VideoDesign and Production. Prentice-Hall, EnglewoodCliffs, New Jersey 07632, 1983. $21.95

luppa, Nicholas V. A Practical Guide to Interactive Vid-eo Design. Knowledge Industry Publications, Inc.,701 Westchester Avenue, White Plains, NY 10604,1984. $34.95.

Kindelberger, Charles. Interactive Video-1984. Ap-plied Video Technology, Inc., 5118 WestminsterPlace, St. Louis, Missouri 63108; phone (314) 569-9144. $31.50 or $45.50 with future supplement in-cluded.

Sigel-Schubin-Merrill. Video Discs. Van Nostrand Rein-hold Company, 135 West 50th Street, New York,New York 10020, 1980.

PeriodicalsDisc Topics, Pioneer Video, Inc., Industrial Sales Divi-

sion, 5150 East Pacific Coast Highway, Suite 300,Long Beach, California 90804. Phone (213) 498-0300.Quarterly. Free.

Educational Technology, Educational Technology Pub-lications, 140 Sylvan Avenue, Englewood Cliffs, NJ07632. Phone (201) 871-4007. Monthly. $49/year.

MTV, C. S. Tepfer Publishing Company, Inc., 51 SugarHollow Road, Danbury, CT 06810. Phone (203) 743-2120. Monthly. $15/year, $2/single copy.

IICS Journal, 330 Townsend, Suite 206, San Francisco,CA 94107. Phone (415) 543-1630. Monthly. Free withmembership to IICS (membership is $50/year)

Interactive Video Technology, 223 Sunrise Drive,Shreve, OH 44676. Phone (216) 567-3732. Monthly.$45/year.

International Television, PO Box 1229, Murray Hill Sta-tion, New York, NY 10016. Phone (212) 725-5742. Sixissues per year. $13/year, $2.50/single copy.

Journal of Educational Technology Systems, Societyfor Applied Learning Technology, 50 CulpeperStreet, Warrenton, VA 22186. Phone (703) 347-0055.Membership $25/year, Journal $31/year.

The Laser Disc Newsletter, Suite 428, 444 HudsonStreet, New York, New York 10014. Phone (212) 242-3324. Monthly. $15/year, $2/single copy.

Laser Works, PO Box 250031, Los Angeles, California90025. Bimonthly. $12112 issues.

Medical Disc Reporter, 5219 Acacia Avenue, Bethesda,Maryland 20814. Bimonthly newsletter. $45/year.

Optical Memory Newsletter, E. S. Rothchild Publisher,PO Box 14807, San Francisco, CA 94114-0817. Phone(415) 621-6620. Bimonthly. $295/year.

Video Computing, PO Box 3415, indialantic, FL 32903.Phone (305) 768-2778. Monthly. $130/year.

Videodisc Design/Production Group News, KUON-1V,University of Nebraska-Lincoln, PO Box 83111, Lin-coln, NE 68501-3111. Phone (402) 472-3611. Bi-monthly. Free.

The Videodisc Monitor, Future Systems, PO Box 26,Falls Church, VA 22046. Phone (703) 241-1799.Monthly. $195/year, $10/single copy.

Videodisc and Optical Disk Update, Meckler Publish-ing, 520 Riverside Avenue, Westport, CT 06880.Phone (800) 243-4223. Monthly. $96/year, $66/yearwith subscription to Videodisc and Optical Disk.

Videodisc and Optical Disk, Meclder Publishing, 520


Riverside Avenue, Westport, CT 06880. Phone (800)2434223. Quarterly. $75/year.

Video Systems, Intertec Publishing Corporation, 9221Quivil a Road, PO Box 12901, Overland Park, KS66212-9981. Phone (913) 888-4664. Monthly. 8251year, $3/single copy, free to video/audio profession-als with purchacing authority.

Conference ProceedingsThe following proceedings are available from the So-ciety for Applied Learning Technology, 50 CulpeperStreet, Warrenton, VA 22186. Phone (703) 347-0055.

Interactive Videodisc in Education and Training(1983). $35.

Microcomputers in Education and Training (1983).$40.

Educational Technology to Improve International Edu-cation and Training (1982). $30.

Public, Vocational and Industrial Education and Train-ing (1982). $35.

Videodisc, Microcomputer and System Technologiesin Education and Training (1982). $40.

Learning Technology for the 80's, (1981). $35.Videodisc, Microcomputer and Learning System Tech-

nologies in Public, Vocational, Medical, and Handi-capped Education and Training (1980). $40.

Special Videodisc PublicationsJournal for Performance and Instruction, Vol.22, No.9,

November 1983. National Society for Performanceand Instruction, 1126 Sixteenth Street NW, Washing-ton, DC 20036. $5.

Medical Disc Reporter Project Directory, 5219 AcaciaAvenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Directory $65,quarterly updates $25.

CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOPINDEX

The following is a list of organizations that holdregular workshops or conferences in the field of inter-active videodisc. Many of these organizations havesessions that are specifically geared toward educationand training, as well as technical sessions gearedmore for industrial applications of the technology andinteractive video production techniques. Readersshould contact each organization before attending tobe sure that the workshop or convention will be ap-propriate to their specific needs.

Association for the nevelopment of Computer-Based Instructional Systems (ADCIS)Miller Hall 409Western Washington University


Bellingham, WA 98225(206) 676-2860

Association for Educational Communications andTechnology (AECT)1126 Sixteenth Street NWWashington, DC 20036(202) 466-4780

Columbia UniversityOffice of Continuing EducationBox Lo.Teachers CollegeNew York, NY 10027(212) 678-3147

Institute for Graphic Communication375 Commonwealth AvenueBoston, MA 02115(617) 267-9425

Ithaca CollegeOffice of Summer SessionsMuller 210Ithaca, NY 14850(607) 274-3525

Knowledge Industry Publications, Inc.701 Westchester AvenueWhite Plains, NY 10604(800) 431-1880

Meckler Publishing11 Ferry Lane WestWestport, CT 06880(203) 226-6967

Nebraska Videodisc Design/Production GrouplaJON-TV/University of Nebraska-LincolnPO Box 1111Lincoln, NE LS 111-3111(402)4724 11

The Parke Institute120 Central Park Plaza2880 South Main StreetSalt Lake City, Utah 84115(800) 221-0254(801) 486-2348 in Utah

Society for Applied Learning Technology50 Culpeper StreetWarrenton, VA 22186(703) 347-0055

96

Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engi-neers (SPIE)PO Box 10Bellingham, WA 98227-0010(206) 676-3290

Technology Opportunity ConferencePO Box 14817San Francisco, CA 94114-0817(415) 626-1133

Visual Communications Congress475 Park Avenue SouthNew York, NY 10016(800) 525-9710

MANUFACTURERS INDEX

ACCESS AlbertaInstructional Technology Unit16930 114th AvenueEdmonton, AlbertaCanada T5M 3S2(403) 451-3160

Actronics Inc.810 River AvenuePittsburgh, PA 15212(412) 231-6200

Allen Communications140 Lakeside Plaza II5225 Wiley Post WaySalt Lake City, UT 84116(801) 537-7800

American Technology ResourcesRose Tree Professional Center1245 North Providence RoadMedia, PA 19342(215) 565-6434

Anthro-Digital, Inc.103 Bartlett AvenuePittsfield, MA 01201(413) 448-8278

APh Technological Consulting55 North St. John AvenuePasadena, CA 91103(818) 796-0331

Architecture Machine GroupRoom 9-516Massachusetts Institute of Technology105 Massachusetts Avenue

Cambridge, MA 02139(617) 253-5981

BCD Associates, Inc.Suite 1015809 SW Fifth StreetOklahoma City, OK 73128(405) 948-1293

Bell & HowellInteractive Communications Division7100 North McCormick RoadChicago, IL 60645(800) 323-4338, ext. 4118

BNA Communications Inc.9417 Decoverly Hall RoadRockville, Maryland 20850(301) 948-0540

Borg-Warner Educational Systems600 West University DriveArlington Heights, IL 60004(800) 323-7577(800) 942-6995 in Illinois

Carroll Touch Technology2902 Farber DriveChampaign, IL 61821(217) 351-1700

Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction229 Nineteenth Avenue SouthMinneapolis, MN 55455(612) 373-5352

Central Scientific Company11222 Melrose AvenueFranklin Park, IL 60131-1364

Computer Technology AssociatesNew Product DivisionSuite 141704 Moon NEAlbuquerque, NM 87112(505) 298-0942

Comsell, Inc.500 Tech ParkwayAtlanta, GA 30313(404) 872-2500(800) 438-4100 in Georgia

Control Data Corporation8100 34th Avenue SouthBloomington, MN 55420(612) 853-5022


Criterion Publishers2139 Manning AvenueLos Angeles, CA 90025(800) 446-2001(213) 475-3524

De lex Systems, Inc.Suite 7008133 Leesburg PikeVienna, VA 22180(703) 734-8300

DestronSuite 1902180 North LaSalle StreetChicago, IL 60601(312) 332-6800

Digital Controls/Video Group, Inc.Suite 2005555 Overbrook ParkwayNorcross, GA 30093(404) 441-3332

Digital Equipment CorporationEducational Services12 Crosby DriveBedford, MA 01730(617) 276-4111

ECCO Incorporated1601 East Chestnut AvenuePO Box 659Santa Ana, CA 92702-0659(714) 835-6000

Electro Mechanical Systems, Inc.801 West Bradley AvenueChampaign, IL 61820(217) 359-7125

Electrohome (U.S.A.) Ltd.250 Wales AvenueTonawanda, NY 14150(716) 694-3332

Electronic Systems Products, Inc.One Tico RoadTitusville, FL 32780(305) 269-6680

General Electric CompanyProjection Display Products OperationElectronics Park 6-206PO Box 4840Syracuse, NY 13221


(315) 456-2152(315) 456-2153

GPNBox 80669Lincoln, Nebraska 68501-0669(800) 228-4630(402) 472-2007 in Nebraska

Hazeltine Corporation10800 Parkridge BoulevardReston, VA 22091(703) 620-6800

Hitachi Sales Corp. of America (Disc Players)1290 Wall Street WestLyndhurst, NJ 07071(201) 935-5300

Hitachi Sales Corp. of America (Televisions)401 West Artesia BoulevardCompton, CA 90220(213) 537-8383

IEV CorporationSuite 280254 West 400 SouthSalt Lake City, UT 84101(801) 531-0757

IICS (International Interactive Communications Soci-ety)726 Marion AvenuePalo Alto, CA 94303(415) 324-3410

Inflight Services, Inc.485 Madison AvenueNew York, NY 10022(800) 221-1297(212) 751-1800 in New York

The Instant Replay479 Winter StreetWaltham, MA 02154-1216(800) VHS-DISC(800) VHS-BETA in Massachusetts(617) 890-5384(800) THE-INST in Canada

Interactive Image Technologies Ltd.Suite 40149 Bathurst StreetToronto, OntarioCanada M5V 2P2(416) 361-0333

98

Interactive Media CorporationSuite 4B65 West 55th StreetNew York, NY 10019(212) 245-8409

Interactive Training Systems4 Cambridge CenterCambridge, MA 02142(617) 497-6100

Interactive Video Concepts, Inc.Suitc 105, The Wilford Building101 North 33rd StreetPhiladelphia, PA 19104(215) 387-0707

International Institute of Applied TechnologySuite 4002121 Wisconsin Avenue NWWashington, DC 20007(202) 965-7410

JAM Incorporated300 Main StreetEast Rochester, NY 14445(716) 385-6740

LaserdataOne Kendall SquareBuilding 200Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139(617) 494-4900

Laser Video, Inc.One East Wacker DriveChicago, IL 60601(312) 467-6755

Laser World533 Second StreetSan Francisco, CA 94107(800) 637 7888(415) 957-1163 in California

Learning Link Corp.Laser Disc Training and Information SystemsSuite 1112880 South MainSalt Lake City, UT 84115(801) 466-9276

Library of CongressAmerican Folk life CenterWashington, DC 20540(202) 287-6590

99

Maryland Center for Public BroadcastingOwings Mill, MD 21117(301) 356-5600

Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium(MECC)3490 Lexington Avenue NorthSt. Paul, MN 55112(612) 481-3500

Mitsubishi Electric Sales America, Inc.3010 East Victoria StreetRancho Dominguez, CA 90221

National Technical Information Service5285 Port Royal RoadSpringfield, Virginia 22161(703) 487-4650

NEC Home Electronics (U.S.A.) Inc.1401 Estes AvenueElk Grove Village, IL 60007(312) 228-5900

New England Technology Group400 West Cummings ParkWoburn, MA 01801(617) 938-8833

New Media Graphics145 Main StreetCambridge, MA 02142(617) 272-8844

North American Philips Consumer ElectronicsCorp. (Magnavox, Sylvania)Interstate 40 & Straw Plains PikePO Box 6950Knoxville, TN 37914(615) 521-4316

North American Philips Corporation100 East 42nd StreetNew York, NY 10017(212) 697-3600

Online Computer Systems, Inc.20251 Century BoulevardCermantown, MD 20874(800) 922-9204(301) 428-3700 in Maryland

Optical Programming Associates445 Park AvenueNew York, NY 10022(212) 508-2745


Ortonville Public SchoolsPO Box 147Ortonville, MN 56278(612) 839-6181

Personal Computer Supply157 South Kalamazoo MallKalamazoo, MI 49007(800) 421-4157(616) 345-8681 in Michigan

Picture Management Systems1071 Wisconsin Avenue NWWashington, DC 20007(202) 338-6390

Pioneer Video200 West Grand AvenueMontvale, New Jersey 07645(201) 573-1122

Pioneer Video, Inc. (Disc Mastering)Suite 3005150 East Pacific Coast HighwayLong Beach, CA 90804(213) 498-0300

Raytheon Service Company2 Wayside RoadBurlington, MA 01803(617) 272-9300

Scott Instruments1111 Willow Springs DriveDenton, TX 76201(817) 387-9514

Simon Fraser UniversityVideodisc Project DirectorFaculty of Education, Office of the DeanBurnaby, B.C.Canada V5A IS6

Smithsonian InstitutionNational Air and Space MuseumRecords Management DivisionWashington, DC 20560(202) 357-3133(202) 357-3391

Sony Video CommunicationsSony DrivePark Ridge, NJ 07656(201) 930-1000


Starship Industries605 Utterback Store RoadGreat Falls, VA 22066(703) 430-8692(703) 450-5780

Spectra Image540 North Hollywood WayBurbank, CA 91505(808) 842-1111

Superior Training Systems114 State StreetBoston, MA 02109(617) 523-4040

Symtec Incorporated15933 West 8 MileDetroit, MI 48235(313) 272-2950

Synetix Inc.10635 NE 38th PlaceKirkland, WA 98033(800) 426-7412(206) 828-4884 in Washington

Systems Impact, Inc.2084 North 1200 EastLogan, UT 84321(801) 753-7973

Technidisc2250 Meijer DriveTroy, MI 48084(313) 435-7430

3M Optical Recording Project223-5S 3M CenterSt. Paul, MN 55144(612) 733-4435

3rd Wave Media ConsultantsSuite 2061600 Notre Dame Westlontreal, Quebec

Canada H3J IMI(514) 932-9885

UCLA Instructional Media Library10962 Le Conte AvenueLos Angeles, CA 90024(213) 825-7771

University of DelawareVideodisc Music SeriesOffice of Computer-Based Instruction

100

Newark, DE 19716(302) 451-8161

University of UtahDepartment of Computer Science3160 Merrill Engineering BuildingSalt Lake City, UT 84112(801) 581-8224

University of WashingtonEducational Assessment CenterRoom 4531400 NE Campus ParkwaySeattle, WA 98105(206) 543-1170

Video Associates LabsSuite 1-F2304 Hancock DriveAustin, TX 78756(512) 459-5684

Video Discovery, Inc.PO Box 85878Seattle, WA 98145-1878(206) 524-4007

Video Dynamics, Inc.Colony Square Shopping Center2318 South Elmhurst RoadMount Prospect, IL 60056(312) 593-2304

Video Vision Associates, Ltd.7 Waverly PlaceMadison, NJ 07904(201) 377-0302

Videotek Inc.125 North York StreetPottstown, PA 19464(215) 327-2292

Visage, Inc.12 Michigan DriveNatick, MA 01760(617) 655-1503

Visual Database Systems614 Been Creek RoadScotts Valley, CA 95066-3314(408) 438-8396

Warrantech Corporation805 Third AvenueNew York, NY 10022(212) 319-8383

Whitney Educational Services1777 Borel PlaceSan Mateo, CA 94402(415) 340-5838

WICAT SystemsTraining Systems DivisionPO Box 5391875 South StateOrem, UT 84057(801) 224-6400, ext209

John Wiley & Sons, Inc.605 Third AvenueNew York, NY 10158(212) 850-6000


Documents

ED 273 253 IR 012 253 The Educators' Handbook to ...ED 273 253 IR 012 253 AUTHOR Schwartz, Ed TITLE The Educators' Handbook to Interactive Videodisc. INSTITUTION Association for Educational