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1. Economic Decisions and Systems. 1-1 Satisfying Needs and Wants 1-2 Economic Choices 1-3 Economic Systems 1-4 Supply and Demand. LESSON 1-1 Satisfying Needs and Wants. Goals Explain the difference between needs and wants. Distinguish between goods and services. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
ChapterChapterChapterChapter
Economic Decisions and Systems
1-11-1 Satisfying Needs and Wants
1-21-2 Economic Choices
1-31-3 Economic Systems
1-41-4 Supply and Demand
11
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
Chapter 1
Slide 2
LESSON 1-1LESSON 1-1
Satisfying Needs and Wants
Goals Explain the difference between needs
and wants. Distinguish between goods and
services. Describe the types of economic
resources.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
Chapter 1
Slide 3
Key Terms
needs wants goods services economic resources
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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Slide 4
NEEDS AND WANTS
Needs are essential Wants add to the quality of life Needs and wants are unlimited
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
What is the difference between a need and a want?
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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GOODS AND SERVICES Goods
Things that you can see and touch Products you can purchase to meet your
wants and needs Services
Activities that are consumed at the same time they are produced
Intangible Also used to satisfy wants and needs
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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GOODS AND SERVICES
Goods and services are purchased by businesses as well as individual consumers.
Businesses supply the goods and services that meet business and consumer wants and needs.
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The U.S. Economy
U.S. is the largest producer of goods and services in the world.
U.S. citizens and businesses often incur debt through loans and credit cards in order to meet wants and needs.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
How do people satisfy their wants and needs?
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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ECONOMIC RESOURCES Natural resources (Land) Human resources (Labor) Capital resources (Capital) Resources are limited
All products you consume begin with one or more natural resources.
Economic Resources are also called Factors of Production.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
What are the three types of economic resources? Give an example of each type of resource.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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LESSON 1-2LESSON 1-2
Economic Choices
Goals Understand the basic economic
problem. Explain the steps in the decision-
making process.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
Key Terms
Scarcity Economic Decision-Making Tradeoff Opportunity Cost
Chapter 1
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Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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Key Terms
Scarcity – means not having enough resources to satisfy every need.
Economic Decision-Making – is the process of choosing which wants, among several options, will be satisfied.
Tradeoff – When you give up something to have something else.
Opportunity Cost – is the value of the next-best alternative that you did not choose.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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THE BASIC ECONOMIC PROBLEM Choices – scarcity forces you to make
choices/decisions among alternatives. Tradeoffs and opportunity cost.
The benefit you get from your choice should be greater than the benefit from the next best choice
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
What is opportunity cost? the value of the next-best alternative that you did not choose.
What is the basic economic problem? The basic economic problem is satisfying unlimited wants and needs with limited resources.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS1. Define the problem.
2. Identify the choices.
3. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each choice.
4. Choose one.
5. Act on your choice.
6. Review your decision.
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
What are the six steps in the decision-making process?
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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LESSON 1-3LESSON 1-3
Economic Systems
Goals Identify the three economic questions. Differentiate among the main types of
economic systems. Describe the economic system of the
United States.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
Key Terms
economic system command economy market economy traditional economymixed economyCapitalism
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Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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Key Terms economic system – A nation’s plan for
answering the three economic questions.
command economy – The resources are owned and controlled by the government.
market economy – The resources are owned and controlled by the people.
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Key Terms traditional economy – Goods and services are
produced the way it has always been done.
mixed economy – Combines elements of the command and market economies
Capitalism – Refers to the private ownership of resources by individuals, rather than by the government. It is another name for our economic system
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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THE THREE ECONOMIC QUESTIONS What to produce? How to produce? What needs and wants to satisfy?
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THE THREE ECONOMIC QUESTIONS1. What to produce?
2. How to produce?
3. What needs and wants to satisfy?
All economies (or nations) of the world face the basic economic problem of scarcity of resources. They also have citizens with many basic needs and unlimited wants.
Each country must decide how the available resources will be used to meet the needs and wants.
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
What are the main differences among the three economic systems?
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What are the main differences among the four economic systems? Command economy – government owns
and controls resources Market economy – individuals own and
control resources Traditional economy – based on customs
and traditions. Usually 3rd world countries Mixed economies – a blend of the command
and market economy. (Most prevalent).
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THE U.S. ECONOMIC SYSTEM – 4 basic principals
1. Private property
2. Freedom of choice
3. Profit
4. Competition
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The US Economic System (Capitalism) based on 4
important principals1. Private property-you can own, use, or
dispose of things of value.
2. Freedom of choice-you can make decisions independently and must accept the consequences of those decisions.
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THE U.S. ECONOMIC SYSTEM
3. Profit – is the money left from sales after all of the costs of operating a business have been paid.Profit is the HEART of the private enterprise system.
4. Competition – The rivalry among businesses to sell their goods and services.
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
Name the four principles of the U.S. economic system.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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The US Economic System (Capitalism) based on 4 important principals Private Property Freedom of Choice Profit Competition
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LESSON 1-4LESSON 1-4
Supply and Demand
Goals Describe supply and demand orally and
with graphs. Discuss how supply and demand affect
prices of products and services.
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Slide 33
Key Terms Consumer –is a person who buys and uses
goods and services. Producers –are individuals and organizations
that determine what products and services will be available for sale.
Demand – is the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy.
Supply – refers to the quantity of a good or service that businesses are willing and able to provide
Market Price – is the point where supply and demand are equal.
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PARTICIPATING IN A MARKET ECONOMY Consumers set demand Producers establish supply A graphic view
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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DEMAND AND SUPPLY
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
How does the price of a product affect demand and supply?
As prices decrease, the number of consumers willing and able to purchase the product (demand) will increase. As prices increase, businesses will be willing to supply larger quantities of the product.
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DETERMINING PRICE Factors influencing demand –if many
consumers want (or demand) a particular good or service, its price will tend to go up. e.g. Summer Rental in the summer
Factors influencing supply – competition, natural disasters, and other unforeseen circumstances.
Determining market price – Supply, demand, and competition determine the market price for a product or service.
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Slide 38
MARKET PRICE
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>> C H E C K P O I N T
How is the market price for a product determined?The market price is the point at which supply and demand are equal.
Introduction to Business© Thomson South-Western
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Slide 40
Chapter TEST coming up
Day 1 - Tomorrow you will answer unit questions in the text book.
Day 2 - Next you will complete a study guide and review for the test.
Day 3 - The following day you will complete a written test.