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Economia del turismo Corso avanzato. Claudio Cecchi – Dipartimento di Economia e Diritto. Sustainable Tourism 2. Corso di laurea magistrale " Analisi e gestione delle attività turistiche e delle risorse " Roma, 19 maggio 2014. Sustainable Development Indicators. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Economia del turismoCorso avanzato
Sustainable Tourism 2
Corso di laurea magistrale
"Analisi e gestione delle attività turistiche e delle risorse"
Roma, 19 maggio 2014
Claudio Cecchi – Dipartimento di Economia e Diritto
Sustainable Development Indicators
Chapter 40 of Agenda 21, the action plan adopted in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, calls on countries, as well as international, governmental and non-governmental organizations, to develop indicators of sustainable development that can provide a solid basis for decision-making at all levels. …
The newly [in 2007] revised Commission on Sustainable Development ( CSD ) indicators contain a core set of 50 indicators…
Core indicators fulfill three criteria. •First, they cover issues that are relevant for sustainable development in most countries. •Second, they provide critical information not available from other core indicators. •Third, they can be calculated by most countries with data that is either readily available or could be made available within reasonable time and costs.
United Nations (2007) Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies. Third Edition. New York: The United Nations publication pp. 10-14
2
CSD indicator themes
• Poverty • Natural hazards • Economic development
• Governance • Atmosphere
• Health • Land • Global economic partnership
• Education • Oceans, seas and coasts
• Demographics • Freshwater
• Consumption and production patterns
• Biodiversity
3
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 1
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Poverty Income poverty Proportion of population living below national poverty line
Income inequality Ratio of share in national income of highest to lowest quintile
Sanitation Proportion of population using an improved sanitation facility
Drinking water Proportion of population using an improved water source
Access to energy Share of households without electricity or other modern energy services
Living conditions Proportion of urban population living in slums
4
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 2
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Governance Corruption Percentage of population having paid bribes
Crime Number of intentional homicides per 100,000 population
Health Mortality Under-five mortality rate
Life expectancy at birth
Health care delivery Percent of population with access to primary health care facilities Immunization against infectious childhood diseases
Nutritional status Nutritional status of children
Health status and risks Morbidity of major diseases such as HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis
5
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 3
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Education Education Level Gross intake ratio to last grade of primary education Net enrolment rate in primary education Adult secondary (tertiary) schooling attainment level
Literacy Adult literacy rate
Demographics Population Population growth rate
Dependency ratio
Tourism Ratio of local residents to tourists in major tourist regions and destinations
6
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 4
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Land Land use and status Land use change
Land degradation
Desertification Land affected by desertification
Agriculture Arable and permanent cropland area
Forests Proportion of land area covered by forests
Oceans, seas and coasts Coastal zone Percentage of total population living in coastal areas
Fisheries Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits
Marine environment Proportion of marine area protected
7
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 5
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Freshwater Water quantity Proportion of total water resources used Water use intensity by economic activity
Water quality Presence of faecal coliforms in freshwater Wastewater treatment
Biodiversity Ecosystem Proportion of terrestrial area protected, total and by ecological region
Species Change in threat status of species
8
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 6
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Economic development Macroeconomic performance Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita Investment share in GDP
Sustainable public finance Debt to GNI ratio
Employment Employment- population ratio
Labor productivity and unit labor costs Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector
Information and communication technologies
Internet users per 100 population
Research and development Gross domestic expenditure on R&D as a percent of GDP
Tourism Tourism contribution to GDP
9
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 7
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator
Global economic partnership Trade Current account deficit as percentage of GDP
External financing Net Official Development Assistance (ODA) given or received as a percentage of GNI
Consumption and production patterns
Material consumption Material intensity of the economy
Energy use Annual energy consumption, total and by main user category
Intensity of energy use, total and by economic activity
Waste generation and management
Generation of hazardous waste
Waste treatment and disposal
Transportation Modal split of passenger transportation
10
11
Sustainable Tourism Definition
More responsible holidays include various forms of alternative or sustainable tourism such as: ‘nature-based tourism’, ‘ecotourism’ and ‘cultural tourism’
Sustainable tourism is a form of
“tourism that respects both local people and the traveller, cultural heritage and the environment”
It seeks to provide people with an exciting and educational holiday that is also of benefit to the people of the host country.
12
Go to CSD Indicators.xlsx
Define importance of indicators in relation to Tourism
13
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 1
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Individual Community State
Poverty Income poverty
Proportion of population living below national poverty line
Income inequality
Ratio of share in national income of highest to lowest quintile
Sanitation Proportion of population using an improved sanitation facility
Drinking water Proportion of population using an improved water source
Access to energy
Share of households without electricity or other modern energy services
Living conditions
Proportion of urban population living in slums
14
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 2
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Individual Community State
Governance Corruption Percentage of population having paid bribes
Crime Number of intentional homicides per 100,000 population
Health Mortality Under-five mortality rate
Life expectancy at birth
Health care delivery
Percent of population with access to primary health care facilities
Immunization against infectious childhood diseases
Nutritional status
Nutritional status of children
Health status and risks
Morbidity of major diseases such as HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis
15
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 3
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Individual Community State
Education Education Level
Gross intake ratio to last grade of primary education Net enrolment rate in primary education Adult secondary (tertiary) schooling attainment level
Literacy Adult literacy rate
Demographics
Population Population growth rate
Dependency ratio
Tourism Ratio of local residents to tourists in major tourist regions and destinations
16
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 4Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Individual Community State
Land Land use and status
Land use change
Land degradation
Desertification Land affected by desertification
Agriculture Arable and permanent cropland area
Forests Proportion of land area covered by forests
Oceans, seas and coasts
Coastal zone Percentage of total population living in coastal areas
Fisheries Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits
Marine environment
Proportion of marine area protected
17
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 5
Theme Sub-theme
Core indicator Individual Community State
Freshwater Water quantity
Proportion of total water resources used Water use intensity by economic activity
Water quality
Presence of faecal coliforms in freshwater Wastewater treatment
Biodiversity Ecosystem Proportion of terrestrial area protected, total and by ecological region
Species Change in threat status of species
18
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 6
Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Individual Community State
Economic development
Macroeconomic performance
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita
Investment share in GDP Sustainable public finance
Debt to GNI ratio
Employment Employment- population ratio Labor productivity and unit labor costs Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector
Information and communication technologies
Internet users per 100 population
Research and development
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D as a percent of GDP
Tourism Tourism contribution to GDP
19
CSD Indicators of Sustainable Development 7Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Individual Community State
Global economic partnership
Trade Current account deficit as percentage of GDP
External financing
Net Official Development Assistance (ODA) given or received as a percentage of GNI
Consumption and production patterns
Material consumption
Material intensity of the economy
Energy use Annual energy consumption, total and by main user category
Intensity of energy use, total and by economic activity
Waste generation and management
Generation of hazardous waste
Waste treatment and disposal
Transportation Modal split of passenger transportation
20
Economia del turismoCorso avanzato
Sustainable Tourism
Corso di laurea magistrale
"Analisi e gestione delle attività turistiche e delle risorse"
Roma, 26 marzo 2014
Claudio Cecchi – Dipartimento di Economia e Diritto