Ecological Environment Security of China and Regional Sustainable Development

Collate according to report of Professor Shi Peijun

Thematic Report of China Geography(3)

Ecological E

nviron

men

t S

ecurity

Region

al Su

stainab

le Develop

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1. World sustainable development and the safe operation of the Earth

Ecological health and environmental health

Traditional linear economy and recycle economy of 21st

"Earth health" and “Human being health"

“Natural capital" and “Social capital"

Earth natural pattern of the world and world political map

Natural production process protecting earth health and natural-society process protecting human health

Core of Geography:man-land relationship--man-land system

A： Earth-Health SystemB： Human being Health SystemH： Earth and Human being Health System（ H＝ A∩B）

Planet Earth's natural pattern（ composed of

sea,land,rock,water,soil, biology and gas ）

World political map（ formed by countries and

regions ）

APhysical

and Biogeoche

mical

Processes

BGeophsi

cal –chemical

process

HHA∩BA∩B

physical,chephysical,chemistry and mistry and

biology biology process of process of earth and earth and

humanhuman

The "Earth Health-Human Being Health Model" of Biological Resources Development and Ecological Construction

Su

stainab

le man

-land

system

2. Ecosystem services of earth system and ecological assets

Human takes cognizance of a new natural resources

——service functions of ecological system

Human calculate the new natural resources method using of different methods

—— ecological assets

Not only affect the sovereignty of a country or sustainable development of a region

and affecting human security on the entire planet.

Green economy——GDP(GDE) Economic value of man-land system

Spatial distribution of remote sensing quantitative measurements of Chinese terrestrial ecosystems unit area

of ecological assets

Ten thousand yuan/km2

Result 1: Distribution of ecological assets of China

Possibility of achieving an integrated quantitative system (GDP/GDE)

South China Sea Islands

生态系统 面积/km2 生态资产价值

编号 类型

单位面积价值 a)

/万元• km-2

实际单位面积价

值/万元• km-2 测量面积 比例/% 总值/亿元 比例/%

1 热带亚热带森林 173.00 175.34 809268 8.43 14190.04 22.02

2 温带森林/泰加林 26.03 28.56 619294 6.45 1768.48 2.74

3 草地(灌丛) 20.00 29.00 4176594 43.51 12112.12 18.80

4 红树林 861.00 861.00 543 0.01 46.79 0.07

5 沼泽湿地 1687.00 1687.00 156682 1.63 26432.31 41.02

6 河流/湖泊 732.00 732.00 110177 1.15 8064.97 12.52

7 荒漠 20.00 3.29 1573272 16.39 517.31 0.80

8 冻原 0.00 0.00 3950 0.04 0.00 0.00

9 冰川/裸岩 0.00 0.00 406593 4.24 0.00 0.00

10 耕地 7.93 7.51 1743627 18.16 1309.73 2.03

全国合计 ― － 9600000 100.00 64441.77 100.00

Overall assessment of ecological assets of Chinese terrestrial ecosystems

Ecosystem

No. Type

Tropical and Subtropical forestTemperate forest

Taiga Grassland(shrubs)

Mangrove

Mangrove wetland

River/Lake

Desert

Tundra

Glacier/Naked rock

Farmland

Total

Value per unit/10 thousand ·Km-2

Actual Value per unit10 thousand ·Km-2

Area

Measured area Proportion(%)

Ecological Assets

Total Value/100 million

Proportion(%)

单位面积

价值序位

总资产

序位 省区

单位面积价

值

/万元• km-2

总价值

/亿元

单位面积

价值序位

总资产

序位 省区

单位面积

价值

/万元• km-2

总价值

/亿元

1 21 海南 161.18 554.03 17 7 四川 64.4 3670.8

2 4 黑龙江 148.81 6742.02 18 6 青海 62.2 4507.4

3 22 台湾 132.37 481.09 19 15 贵州 60.36 1073.33

4 5 云南 127.26 4946.29 20 3 新疆 44.33 7370.2

5 14 福建 103.27 1278.23 21 18 吉林 40.21 777.59

6 11 江西 100.63 1698.46 22 29 北京 38.72 63.89

7 16 浙江 97.35 994.38 23 30 天津 35.11 41.34

8 10 湖南 83.42 1788.26 24 31 上海 33.67 21.21

9 13 广东 83.17 1505.76 25 20 陕西 33.38 695.36

10 12 湖北 82.2 1550.69 26 24 河南 27.02 450.92

11 9 广西 77.99 1857.67 27 28 宁夏 26.82 136.77

12 1 西藏 70.67 8613.91 28 25 山东 25.62 399.26

13 19 江苏 69.46 704.44 29 23 河北 24.23 457.26

14 17 安徽 68.24 972.68 30 26 辽宁 23.18 339.34

15 8 甘肃 66.62 2721.9 31 27 山西 20.17 320.34

16 2 内蒙 66.41 7706.93 全国合计 67.13 64441.78

Compositor and analysis of ecological assets value of each province zone

Value No. per unit

Total Assets No. Province

Value per unit/10 thousand ·Km-2

Total Value/100 million

Value No.Per unit

Total Value No. Province

Value per unit/10 thousand ·Km-2

Value/ 100 million

Hainan

Hei Longjiang

Taiwan

Yunnan

Fujian

Jiangxi

Zhejiang

Hunan

Guangdong

Hubei

Guangxi

Tibet

Jiangsu

Anhui

Gansu

Inner Mongolia

Sichuan

Qinghai

Guizhou

Xinjiang

Jinlin

Beijing

Tianjin

Shanghai

Shaanxi

Henan

Ningxia

Shandong

Hebei

Liaoning

Shanxi

Total

Results 2. Inner Mongolia land distribution of ecological asset value and ecological service value

Each ecological service function table of Seven ecosystem types

项目 森林 灌木 草地 耕地 建筑用地 难利用地 水体 合计

面积(104 hm2) 1309 379 5588 1371 0.015 2758 258 11662

NPP (104 t/a) 6106 449 9353 3327 0.13 535 952 20695

CO2年固定量(104 t/a) 9890 726 15150 5390 0.2 866 1540 33560

O2 释放量(104 t) 7328 538 11225 3993 0.02 645 1143 24872

氮固定量(104 t/a) 144 34 701 249 0 40 23 1192

磷固定量(104 t/a) 44 0.3 7 2 0 0.4 7 61

钾固定量(104 t/a) 22 8 167 59 0 9 3 269

Item Forest Shrubs Grassland Farmland Built –up Land Unused land Water body Total

Area

Co2 annual Fixation

O2 releasing amount

N Fixation

P Fixation

K Fixation

Each ecological value table of Seven ecosystem types

项目 森林 灌木 草地 耕地 建筑用地 难利用地 水体 合计

生产有机物(108 元) 144.8 10.6 221.8 78.9 0.0003 12.7 22.6 491.4

固定 CO2(108 元) 332.4 24.4 509.1 181.1 0 29.1 51.8 1127.9

释放 O2 (108 元) 293.1 21.5 449 159.7 0 25.8 45.7 994.8

营养物质循环 (108 元) 8.1 1.7 34.1 12.1 0 1.9 1.3 59.2

涵养水源(108 元) 118 14.5 318.9 78.5 0 29.7 21.8 581.4

水土保持(108 元) 202 25 432 0 0 0 0 659

总计(108 元) 1098.4 97.7 1964.9 510.3 0.0003 99.21 143.2 3913.7

区域生态价值贡献率

(元/hm2)

2144 659 898 951 51 92 1418 857

Item Forest Shrubs Grassland Farmland Built –up Land Unused land Water body Total

Producing organism

yuan

Co2Fixation

Releasing

yuan

yuan

Nutrients circulation

Water Conservation soil and water

protection

Total Regional ecological

value distribution rate

yuan

yuan

yuan

(yuan

yuan

3. Ecological Construction-Basic Construction of Regional Sustainable Development

Core:adjust from “large area ecological construction whilst small area production development ” to “large area production development whilst small area ecological construction ”,adjust land use structure now and replan land use pattern.

LUCC----Operable key of man-land relationship harmony

Case 1. Farming-pastoral Zone of North China Ecology-Production Paradigm and Regioanl Sustainable Development

Case 2. Land Use Pattern Adjustment Model under the Condition of Ecological Environment Security of Huangpuchuan River Basin

Start with frangible and sensitive area

4. Consideration of Regional Ecological Environment Construction

and Sustainable Development

There are several natural belts,from South China Sea to Daxing`anling area ,from East China Sea to Tibetan Plateau,forming geographic units and diverse ecosystem.

Understand the huge ecological assets contained in these natural belts,realize ecological construction industrialization,build new industry structure system on the basis of biological resources development,achieve regional sustainable development.

Discuss and realize sustainablue development model of“Earth Health” and “Human Being Health ”

Three ModelsFirst: “west model” ， “ hand back countermeasure”Second: “east model”,”ecological province countermeasure”Three:”city model”,”replan metropolis urban landscape countermeasure”

Rural ecological environment construction and regional sustainable development

Ecological province(district,city and county) construction and sustainable development

Assumption

Discussion of realizing international plutonomy system of “Earth Health” and “Human Being Health ”should be imperative under the situation.

Suggestion : New plutonomy should discuss the world problem,construct system info of “The New Capital ” melting natural capital and social capital.It provides epoch-making value

for ethical revival and world sustainable development .

Adventruous assumption