Prof. FUJITA, Tsuyoshi Director of Social Environmental Systems Center,

National Institute for Environmental Science, JapanSpecially Appointed Prof. of Tokyo Inst. of Tech.

Materials by Dr. K.Gomi, Dr. M.Fujii

Prof. FUJITA, Tsuyoshi Director of Social Environmental Systems Center,

National Institute for Environmental Science, JapanSpecially Appointed Prof. of Tokyo Inst. of Tech.

Materials by Dr. K.Gomi, Dr. M.Fujii

15th Kawasaki Eco-Business ForumFebruary 7th, 2019

Eco-town, Circular Economy and Green City Innovation

Eco-town, Circular Economy and Green City Innovation

Three Keys for Sustainable Eco-Industrial Conversion from

Experiences in Japan

• Regulation and technology development for pollution control

• Transformation toward Eco-industrial park for Material and Energy network

• Green supply chain management2

3

Industrial Symbiosis and Urban Industries to empower cities by circularization

Bio/life scienceBio/life science Power generation & material industry recycling facility

Treatment or recycling facility City

Kawasaki Synergy Network（current situation）

4

Geng, Fujita et.al. J. of Cleaner

Production, 2010

Edited by Prof. Fujita, T.，Published by METI,,2006

Forming the basis of capacity that totally 2.18 mil t of wastes were treated

Distribution of Japanese Eco-towns 5

METI & MOE approved Eco-Town Plans for 26 areas as of the end of January 2006, and they provided financial support to 62 facilities

located within the appropriate areas.

Eco-town area as demonstration project for Sound material cycle society

Distribution of Total Investment Subsidy projects in 24 Eco-Towns 600mil. US$

Distribution of Total Investment60 projects in 24 Eco-Towns 1.6 bil. US$

Berkel and Fujita et. al., Environment, Science and Technology, 2010

Evaluation of 90 Circular Facilities in 26 Eco-towns

6

Reduction of Virgin Materials; 900,000.ton /yrCO2 Emission Reduction 480,000 t-CO2/yr

Circular use ration of by-product 92% Intra-eco-town circulation ratio 61%

CRs procured from within the same Eco Town Plan regions

(830) 64%

CRs procured from outside the Eco Town Plan region but within the prefecture

CRs procured from outside the prefecture

Procurement areas unknown

CRs procured(1,300) 100%

CRs utilized(1,200) 92%

Recycling residue disposed of

(470) 36%

Supply areas unknown

(Unit: 1,000 tons)

CRs used as energy, or reduced in volume

Resources circulated within the Eco Town Plan regions

(580) 45%

Resources circulated outside the Eco Town Plan regions but within the prefecture

FPs/RMsproduced(780) 60%

Outside the Eco Town Plan regionsbut within the prefecture

Outside the prefecture

Eco Town Plan regions

Recycling residue disposed of (60) 5%

Resources circulated outside the prefecture

(70) 5%

(130) 10%

(310) 24%(40) 3%

(70) 5%

(110)9%

(6) 0%

Ohnishi and Fujita et. al., J. of Cleaner Production,

2012

Environmental technology inventory and tentative application for cities

Numerical Formulation of circular technologies and preparatory estimationInventory of circular technologies

Urban energy management technologies

Biomass circulation tech.

Circular water treatment tech.

Methane fermentation technology

Septic tank technology

Sewage disposal technology

Bioethanol processing technology

Plant purification

Cement field fuel makingWaste plastic blast furnace reduction

Waste plastic Concri type frame raw material making

Waste plastic ammonia raw material making

Used paper manufacture raw material making

Industrial symbiosis production technologies

Water retentively pavement

Permeable pavementTown district energy control technologyUnderground water pumping ceramic

Gasification melting furnace

Rainwater storage technology

Gasification melting furnace

power

Slaked lime

Methanol

Kitchen waste

Methane

fermentation

0

192,118

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

遼寧省（現状） 遼寧省（メタン発酵導入）

t-CO2CO2 can be reduced

192 kt per year by methane fermentation facility introduction

合併浄化槽技術

Purification

processing

Processing

water

polluted water

32

28

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

下水道 浄化槽

The exhaust of CO2 for each unit pollution load removal of the septic tank technology is less in the Liaoning ministry.

t-CO2/t-BOD

Cement production technology

Usual

Poltorantosement

coal

Waste plastic

Production

process

clay

0.90

0.660.57

0.00

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

従来型 循環型 都市・産業共生

In the cement one-ton manufacturing, the CO2 reduction room for 0.33 tons or less.

t-CO2/t

Dirt and soot

Ecological consulting company*

Recycle goodsretail & sale*

Ecological equipmentmanufacturing

Sustainable technologyresearch company*

EIP Center; Demonstrationbuilding*

･Environmental data bank･Collaborative marketing purchase･Waste collection and recycling-Eco-material, Recycled Material-Design for environment

Green Institute(Minneapolis)

Cape Charles SustainableTechnology Park(Virginia)

Variation of Eco-Industrial Parks(EIP) Strategies in Eco-townsURBAN REDEVELOPMENT TYPE EIP

Environment conscious

commuting systemLRT, Pedestrian

Path Environmentalcommunication*

Environmentaleducation*

PRODUCT REMANUFACTURING TYPE EIP

Farm

Cement factory

Petro chemicalfactory

Chemical factory

Industrial symbiosis type

Kawasaki, Minamata

Fly ash

Heat

Oil

Heat

Heat

Fertilizer

Power plant*

Plasticrecycle center*

Organic waste Methane

fermentationComposting

Building materialrecycle center*

Collaboration reverse logistics

District heat supply

BrownfieldNeighborhood

Urban Area

Rural Area

Industrial complex

Water Front

Heat

INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS TYPE EIP

Clean Energy Supply SystemEnergy Storage System*

Environmental InformationBusiness Support

CCR

Residential Districts

CITY-FARM COLLABORATION TYPE EIP

Fuel Cell Methane Fermentation

Compost

Akita, Osaka

Hokkaido

Kitakyushu

Chen and Fujita et. al., Euro. J. of Operation Research,

2013

Overseas local governments

Japanese firms, research

consortiums

Overseas firms, research

consortiums

Overseas governmental organizations

Eco-town governments

Japanese governmental organizations

Recycle Industries

circulatory firms

Research institutionsRecycle

Industries

Recycle Industries

Research institutions

Collaboration based on inter-city agreements, etc. on policy

information, social system information, human resources

Menu for industry/government/ private sector collaborative

support framework and support including international

organizations

International public-private sector projects

consortiums

promotion of model projects

Promoting Projects between Japan and Overseas through “Eco town ” Collaboration

9

SDGs Future City/ Local government SDGs mode program

10 municipalities

Shizuoka city

Tsukuba city

Matsushima city

Hokkaido pref.

Shimokawa town

Niseko town

Kamakura city

Yokohama city

Hamamatsu city

Toyota city

Shima city

Totsugawa vil.

Kamikatsu town

Hiroshima pref.Oguni town

Kitakyushu city

Iki city

Ube city

Okayama city

Maniwa cityHakusan city

Suzu city

Toyama city

Sapporo city

Semboku city

Kanagawa pref.

SDGs Future City Initiatives Announced on June 15, 2018

Iide town

Sakai city

Nagano pref.

This map is made based on the blank map of Geospatial Information Authority of Japan 〔http://www.gsi.go.jp/〕

SDGs Future City19 municipalities

11

・Circular region through local circularization and energy management ・Information and infrastructure system for resource circularization, local energy management and eco-system utilization

SDGs Cities from Circular Economy

ProductionEmploym

ent

,, , / i ri r i rL VA LP

,,

,

,

( )

( )

nb rr aa

i r

b r

P VAP for i nbVA

VA for i b

, ,, , ,i s ri r i s rL RS CM

, ,, , ,,

/ s s r s ai s r s ai r rCM LPR Lout PC P

PopulationCom

muters

Net change

Birth Ratio

Cohort

Agri. Fore. RetailService

Retail Service

Agri. Fore.Industry

Outbound Local Residents

Inbound

Residents

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300

00_0405_0910_1415_1920_2425_2930_3435_3940_4445_4950_5455_5960_6465_6970_7475_7980_84

85_Over

女性 男性

Estimated from Production

Estimated by the population

External design-ation onscenarios

Definition of commuting patterns

Cohort estimation and estimation of social in-out migration

Pop t-1

Prep Estimat.

Regional Integrated Assessment Model AIM regionPopulation and Local Economy Model Land Use

Model

Land use regulation

Ecological Impact Model

Ecological resource endowments

Climate ChangeImpact

Adaptaion Model

Impacts on agri-production

Local Transporta-tion Model Modal Dist.Public System

Solid Waste Model Circular

Production and Energy

Local Energy Model

Renewable energyCO2 Emission

AIM Regional Model to Quantify the SDGs Accomplishments

12

Dr. Gomi NIES

Socio Economic Impacts of SDGs Policies in a township‚ Oguni

13

BaU Scenario

7,187

6,499

5,8525,279

4,7254,176

3,6493,168

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

0～14Age 15～64 65-

SDGsScenario

7,187

6,6696,316

6,0195,747

5,4645,2115,014

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

0～14 15～64 65-

(人)

Dr. Gomi NIES

14

Smart Symbiosis Initiatives for Eco town Innovation Initiatives

methaneincineration

CenterSmart Recycle Center

発電・熱量

Energy demand information

High value

substitutive

Operation information

Energy and consumption demand control system

for urban sectors

Demand

Smart industrial complex supported by synergetic

information network among industries

Urban and Regional symbiosis

Urban Waste

Waste and material

Energy

Smart industrial complex

Local symbiosis

Smart community

Local energy supply and demand

Smart ICT network will promote and complement the synergetic network functions among stakeholders

Information support for optimizing local and regional material and energy

circularization

Power plant

Steel

Cement

Chemical

気象情報発電量予測

By-product information

Energy demand response

Renewableenergy

Local Data Collection Center

5

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2013 2025BaU

2025CM

GHG

emiss

ions

(ktC

O2e

q)

Land use change Waste managementEnergy - Transport Energy - IndustryEnergy - Commercial Energy - Residential

Projected GHG emissionsContribution to emission reduction

Conversion of Fuel Oil to Gas for Public Transportation: 21ktCO2eq

Bus Rapid Transportation System,Pedestrian Facilities, andBicycle Track: 398ktCO2eq

City Of Park: 57ktCO2eq

LED for Street Lamp,Green Building Concept, andEco-campus: 343ktCO2eq

Renewable energy: 250ktCO2eq

Waste collection and recycling: 47ktCO2eq

Industry energy efficiency improvement: 47ktCO2eq

From “Model Low Emission City”

-21%

• Many local LCS scenarios have been developed with limited statistics and “default” parameters from national or international information. Such scenarios may not reflect local conditions properly.

• We combines modeling with monitoring of local activity so that we can propose more suitable mitigation scenario and Action plans for a city/region.

• Wider questionnaire survey is also adopted in order to supplement the monitoring.

Mitigation potential

Roadmap andinvestment

Policy actions

The model to project future scenarios: ExSS/AFOLUAPopulationIndustry

Transport

Agriculture

Waste

Energy DemandEnergy Supply

Land use and Forestry

GHG emissions

Energy technologies

Statistics Current environmental initiative

Locally suitable mitigation scenarios

Energy Monitoring• Current and future energy

consumption pattern• Energy saving

potential

Transport Monitoring• Transport structure• Vehicle speed• Fuel efficiency etc.

+ Questionnaire survey

Locally suitable scenario development

15

16

Selected list of recent publications in the related topics

Seiya Maki, Shuichi Ashina, Minoru Fujii, Tsuyoshi Fujita, et.al (2018); Energy consumption monitoring system and integrative time series analysis models - case study in the green city demonstration project in Bogor City, Indonesia , Frontiers of Energy

Remi Chandran, Tsuyoshi Fujita, et.al.(2018); Expert networks as science-policy interlocutors in the Implementation of a Monitoring Reporting and Verification (MRV) system, Frontiers of Energy, in press

Yi Dou, Takuya Togawa, Liang Dong, Minoru Fujii, Satoshi Ohnishi, Hiroki Tanikawa, Tsuyoshi Fujita (2018) Innovative planning and evaluation system for district heating using waste heat considering spatial configuration: A case in Fukushima, Japan. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 128, 406-416

Yujiro Hirano, Kei Gomi, Shogo Nakamura, Yukiko Yoshida, Daisuke Narumi, Tsuyoshi Fujita (2017) Analysis of the impact of regional temperature pattern on the energy consumption in the commercial sector in Japan. Energy and Buildings, 149, 160–170

Yujiro Hirano, Tsuyoshi Fujita (2016) Simulating the CO2 reduction caused by decreasing the air conditioning load in an urban area. Energy and Buildings, 114, 87-95

Yong Geng, Tsuyoshi Fujita, et.al. (2016) Recent progress on innovative eco-industrial development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 1-10

Hiroto Shiraki, Shuichi Ashina, Yasuko Kameyama, Seiji Hashimoto, Tsuyoshi Fujita (2016) Analysis of optimal locations for power stations and their impact on industrial symbiosis planning under transition toward low-carbon power sector in Japan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 81-94

Satoshi Ohnishi, Minoru Fujii, Tsuyoshi Fujita, et.al. (2016) Comparative analysis of recycling industry development in Japan following the Eco-Town program for eco-industrial development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 95-102

Takuya Togawa, Tsuyoshi Fujita, et.al. (2016) Integrating GIS databases and ICT applications for the design of energy circulation systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 224-232

Minoru Fujii, Tsuyoshi Fujita, et.al. (2016) Possibility of developing low-carbon industries through urban symbiosis in Asian cities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 376-386

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