Eco-City Experience in India

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EcoEcoEcoEco----City City City City Experience in IndiaExperience in IndiaExperience in IndiaExperience in IndiaDr Prasad ModakDr Prasad ModakDr Prasad ModakDr Prasad Modak

Dean, IL&FS Academy for Applied Development and CSO, Dean, IL&FS Academy for Applied Development and CSO, Dean, IL&FS Academy for Applied Development and CSO, Dean, IL&FS Academy for Applied Development and CSO,

Infrastructure Leasing & Financing Services (IL&FS) LtdInfrastructure Leasing & Financing Services (IL&FS) LtdInfrastructure Leasing & Financing Services (IL&FS) LtdInfrastructure Leasing & Financing Services (IL&FS) Ltd

Executive President, Environmental Management Centre Executive President, Environmental Management Centre Executive President, Environmental Management Centre Executive President, Environmental Management Centre

LLP, IndiaLLP, IndiaLLP, IndiaLLP, India

Eco-City

Eco-City" is a city that decreases environmental burden/stress,

improves living conditions and helps in achieving sustainable

development through a comprehensive urban improvement

system involving planning and management of land and its

resources and implementation of environmental improvement

measures.

http://cpcbenvis.nic.in/ar2002/ar1-2ch14.htm

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Eco-City is not……•A basket of projects or Just about

–Planting trees

–Building fountains

–Putting posters

•It’s a PROCESS – and a realization of MAINSTREAMING Eco-

considerations through PARTNERSHIPs

•Projects are then logical outcomes and not the sole

objective……

•Community involvement and institutional capacity building

are key ingredients of Eco-City PROCESS.

Eco-City Program in India•Launched in 2002 after conference of State Environment

Ministers

•12 Cities identified, implementation in only 6

•Not PROCESS driven

•Not PARTNERSHIP based

•Projects were Grant funded

•Most projects TRIVIAL

•Plans developed CONSULTANT DRIVEN

•No POLITICAL Involvement & Support

•Dismal results, Irregularities found

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JNNRUM and Solar Cities•JNNRUM

•Infrastructure as the focus

•Policy reform as requirement

•Capacity building of ULBs

•Essentially Project financing of City Development Plans

•OPPORTUNITY missed on GREENING

•Solar Cities

•48 Cities, 37 approved, 7 master plans

•Not much progress on the ground

Some Notable Eco-City Experiments•Kottayum-Kumarkom, Kerala

•PPP driven, Participatory, Nature Bonds

•Executed by IL&FS Environment and EMC

•Sangli –Miraj-Kupwad (SMK), Maharashtra

•Highly Participatory, 4P based

•Executed by EMC

•RIGHT PROCESS FOLLOWED

•BUT IMPLEMENTATION ONLY PARTIAL

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Environmental Management Centre 7

2

3

Awareness

raising

Field visit &

data

collection

Outlining

Projects,

Programmes

and making

institutional

arrangements

Mobilizing finance,

Institutional

arrangements,

Training,

Engagements and

Partnerships

Setting Performance

indicators, Additional

support studies,

Projects Execution

Monitoring, Reporting, program adaption

Milestones covered

Identification of

Themes

Formulation of

Environmental

Policy and

Guiding

Principles

Sangli-Miraj-

Kupwad

12 months of

engagement

Stakeholders

Consultation

&

Involvement

5/10/2010 8Environmental Management Centre

Eko-Voices

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5/10/2010 9Environmental Management Centre

5/10/2010 Environmental Management Centre 10

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Logical Process for Action Plan Evolution

11

Situation

Analysis

Gap

Assessment

Policy Plan Programs Projects

Institutional

ArrangementsFinancial Resources

Community

Participation

BenchmarksCompliance

Requirements

Vision

Guiding

Principles

4Ps

Environmental Management Centre

Technical

support

Consultant

/Vendor

registration

Supporting actions

Demonstrative

projects

Feasibility

Studies for

RWH

Program to

drive and

promote RWH

Policy to

provide

incentives for

RWH users

Installation of

number of RWH

projects

Outcome

Improved

GW level

Reduction

in pumping

Generation

of green

jobs

Benefits

Reduction

in GHG

emissions

Reduction on

main water

supply

Rain water

Harvesting

Water

availability

issue

Water supply

augmentation

Other initiatives Climate change

mitigation

Improved Environment

Improved social and

economical conditions

4P Actions

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WASTE - WATER

Decentralized Treatment

Plants

Sheri nalla in-stream

treatment

STP for reducing load on

Dhulgaon STP

EcoSan Pilot Project

SOLID-WASTE

Biomethanation Plants

Composting plants

ENERGY

Energy Saving at Traffic

Signals

Solar Energy ProjectsLAND-USE

Creation and Enhancement

of Public Spaces

AIR, TRANSPORT

Landscaping at Traffic

IslandsHEALTH

Organic based Mosquito

ControlBio-diversity

Botanical Garden

Spatial Distribution of Actions

Observations & Lessons Learnt/1

• Greening to be made as a “business case”

• Cost of inaction needs to be worked out and communicated

• Political involvement

• Green champions - the foundation of the pyramid.

• Education on sustainability is the key

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Observations & Lessons Learnt/2

• GCAP is not just projects – you need to link with

programs, plans and policies

• Green city in isolation wont work – you only

create islands of excellence (and if they last!)

• Networked approach will work better

• Learning while doing is the model

• National policies and frameworks are necessary

Networked Model for Eco-Cities(developed by IAAD)

•Target - Group of SIX Tier-2 Cities

•PROCESS Driven

•Based on PARTNERSHIP

•LEARNING while DOING

•Handholding

•Link with ACADEMIA

•KNOWLEDGE NETWORKING

•FINANCING to ensure IMPLEMENTATION

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Eco-City Development Cycle –Week 1 - Contact # 1 – City 1

City 1

City 2

City 3

City 4

City 5

City 6

Mayors/

Commissioners/

Industry Barons/

Thought Leaders

• Short duration

– ½ day

• Concept of

Eco City

• Program

Development

• Experience

Worldwide

• Develop

understanding

of Eco City

• Get

Commitment

to implement


City 1

City 2

City 3

City 4

City 5

City 6 Jt. MC/ Chief

Engineers/ HODs

CBOs, Business

Associations

Academia/Resear

ch Organizations

• Duration – 2

days

• City Diagnosis

Tools

• Use of IT

GIS/RS,

Mobile

devices

• Presentations of

City Profiles

• Establishing

Baseline and

Indicators

• Identification of

Issues

• Interventions

already

identified and

under

implementation

• Listing of

studies to be

carried out

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City 1

City 2

City 3

City 4

City 5

City 6

• Duration – 3

days

• Sustainability

in Project

design

• Best practices

and Case

studies

• Analyses of

Alternatives,

Identification

of Pilots &

Programs

• Group work

AMCs, Ward Officers,

Executive Engineers/

CBOs, Research and

Academia, Private

sector Financing

Institutions


City 1

City 2

City 3

City 4

City 5

City 6 Jt. MC/ Chief

Engineers/ HODs,

CBOs, Research &

Academia, Private

Sector, Investors

• Duration – 4

days

Deliberations on

• Detailed

Project

Reports

• Extended Cost-

Benefit

Analyses

• Striking PPPs

• Presentation of

projects with

estimation of

costs,

benefits/outco

mes

• Institutional

arrangements

• Modes of

Financing

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City 1

City 2

City 3

City 4

City 5

City 6 AMCs, Ward Officers,

Executive Engineers/

CBOs, Business

Leaders/Associations,

Investors

• Action plan for

presentation to

Standing

Committee

• Action Plan for

Potential

investors

• Procurement/E

ngagement

Plan

• Duration – 5

days

Deliberations on

• City wise DPRs

• Striking PPPs

• Feedback

from City level

Consultation

Workshops


City 1

City 2

City 3

City 4

City 5

City 6

Mayors/

Commissioners/

Policy Makers

• Duration – 1

day

Presentations on

Eco-City

Development

Plans

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Highlights of Networked Model• A web portal across 6 city participants for sharing of

documents, conduct discussions and sharing of experiences

• e-learning modules on topics such as PPP, Social Inclusion,

Climate Proofing etc. These modules will be accessible to all.

• City-specific databases evolved to assist in identification of

suitable experts for baseline studies, project report

preparation, impact assessment etc.

• Assistance provided in networking with investors, companies

interested to align CSRs with Eco-city projects etc.

Project currently under discussions with potential

cities, government, financing institutions, academia

and international agencies

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Thank you

[email protected]

Documents

Eco-City Experience in India