22
         +     !" " #   " " ! #  =   $ % &$ %$ ' (   << ( )       & ( ) $ θ θ θ ) $% % * " # # +       , (#    #   = ) ( ) '   ( ) ' + + - # "  = + #"  "  = + =  =  = '   ' .

ece2007

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 1/22

− +

!""# "" !#

=

$ % &$ %$

' ( << ( )

&( )

$

θ

θ

θ →

)

$%

% *"##+

, (# − # = )

( ) ' −− −

( ) ' − + − + −

- #" = +

#" "

= + =

= = −

'

'

.

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 2/22

/ !0#"#

". .

. .1

2 ! #

' '$$3 4" ##"

' ( )" >> ' '$$3"

)

+ −

$ + 1# # #

#

.

.

+ 1#

.

!#"#)

0

0

5

5

#

6##

#

6##

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 3/22

#

###

###

### ###

' 7 8 $$ 9 8$$ " %. # ":

!#79":#,)

$$ $$$$$ $$$ $$$

& ! # = + ; # .# 44

!##<#)

' & %

% .#

( )( ) ( )

%

'

−=

+ +

# #

# .#

, = ( ) ( )( )

=

−#)

. $ ##

- ( ) τ # # ".

""46!#+

( ) ( ) τ τ = − ( ) ( )$ τ ≤ ( ) ( ) τ τ = − −

#

6##

#

6##

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 4/22

!<## ( )$

/ ( ) " ".

""=*9>#+

( ) ( )$ ≥ ( ) $ ≥ ( ) ( ) − = − ( ) $ ∞

−∞

=

2 "" λ ?'$@"

.2$@".!

"

( )

'

$

π π ω

λ λ

− −

=

'

$

π π ω

λ λ

− −

=

'

$

π π ω

λ λ

+ +

=

'

$

π π ω

λ λ

− +

=

$ ##>

# !

#

! "

∂= +

" !

∂= +

! "

∂= +

" !

∂= +

# A.;!

A # # − − − )

A A5 A

#

# ( ) = − − !## ( )

&&− )

/ $

.%

' "BB !

B$'B$C#

BB$,!#)

$% $/ $ $$,

Page 4/22

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 5/22

& ! # <#

$

= − # #

= $ = = = ∞ " $

( )

( )

$ = − − + ( ) ( ) $ = − − +

( ) ( ) $ = − + ( ) ( ) $ = − − +

% ! <# ' & & $ − + − = # 4".0

= ? # #")

'

&

'

'

, !# ( ) ( ) ( ) ' ";#D$!E

"#*"+

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) '

( ) ( ) '

( ) ( )

.

.

.'

( )

( )

( )'

$

'

'

!

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 6/22

- .###"##

( )

)

1π .1π .π π

/ !""#='."

( ( !#

)

&

&

2 (#" # ! ?7.9)

&

'

Ω

& '

&

' '

Ω &FΩ

1

$

.1

5

5

0

(

5

5

& =

&

=

0

(

5

Ω

7

9

Ω

Ω

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 7/22

'$ #" $ $ = ( G$#

( ) "

$%$.% $%.%

$%$.% $%.,%

' "?"# F)

$ % '$∠ ° % '$∠ ° - '$∠ °

' + 1##.$/F!"

F H ( - F "")

&H &2H /H H

'' C## %1#AC#"

C#

BI ("

J> 0

0=>K0

>B

B.J.0.>.

B.J.0.>.

B.J.0.>.

B.J.0.>.

5−

$?Ω

$?Ω$F 5

&H(

1'Ω

%Ω%Ω

.1'Ω

% '$ ∠ °

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 8/22

'& ! # β L! %$ # 1

$22%)

$2/$ $2/% $22$ $22%

'% C###AC#

"C#

B.'J.0.&>.

B.J.&0.'>. B.'J.&0.>.

B.'J.0.>.&

', (6.#"# )

.F .F .$%F $%F

'- (L!#"# β

$- = !L!)

BL! B#

JA6> B.

0=>K0 'K

>L(K! &(.

5

F

5

5

$?Ω

F

$F

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 9/22

#. #

'/ 6.#"##"<#

( ) = ( & = = = = !

" )

= =

= − =

'2 A6> # " #

4A6> BA6> &$ M

& & $ $

µ µ µ = = = =

= = #)

$ %H &%H 2$H

&$ ( I" # I ? -F? # I$ Ω#

( ) $,F## ( )$

-$$-2F -&-2F

-&-&'F -2-&'F

5

−?Ω

BA6>

4A6>

%F

%F

$$Ω

5

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 10/22

& ! = + + +

;

= + +

= + +

= + +

= + +

& ! # !!= 46! " # *% = ")

)' N )' N ' )' #N & )' #.

)' N )' #N ' )' #N & )' #.

)' N )' #.N ' )' #.N & )' #

)' #N )' #N ' )' #N & )'

&' "#7

% =

$$Ω&?Ω

&?Ω

5

''

' '

5

&'

$

$

'

$

$

&..AO7 9

$

$

'

$

$

&..

AO7 9 7

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 11/22

= + + +

= + + +

= + +

= + +

&& !"#"79#44"#<#")

$ N $ $N = = = = = =

!BJ##")

B 8J8$N B8J8$N B8J8$B8$J8

B8J8$N B8$J8NB8$J8NB8$J8

B8J8$N B8J8N B8J8$B8$J8

B8J8$N B8J8N B8J8

&% (#"# ( ) $' ' "<#

$$$$$$P $$$$$$$P

$$$$$$P $$$$$$P

&, /%%/$/%M6

M6"#! $ /$/%#

/%%!

7

9

B

J

$ $' '

?

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 12/22

' - " ( # #

!"/%%"#)

(/Q.(Q (/Q.(Q (/Q.((Q ($QR(-Q

&- !'." ". ( ) ) − " ( )) #

#

π

π − ∞ Q;

&/ Q

. .#

. ".

&2 !<#.

( )%

$

π

=+

!)

( ) ( )%% ) −− ( )%%

) − −

( ) ( )%

%

) −− ( )%

%

) −

%$ %.<#

' $ $ % − = − = − = = =

= ( ) ω . (# ! #

( ) π

ω

π

ω −

)

% $π ,π %51$π

-

,

%

&

'

( #

$

$

/%%

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 13/22

% !;. <#

$%

−=

##!# $

)

.$% $ $% $%

% "B"# $$$* + = $%ζ = #

, + + )

$$ $$2, + + = = $$ $2, + + = =

$ $$2, + + = = $ $2, + + = =

%' ! # ( )( ) ( )

%

%

=

+ + +

! .

( ) #)

( ) ( )

% + +

( ) ( )

%

% + +

%

+ +

+ +

%& !.# ( )

-

=

# ?# ;)

( )$

+

( )$ &

+

+

( )$

$

+

+

( )

$

+

+

%% # ? . #

( ) ( )

-

+ -

=

+ +

! 3 " = − + "#

)

& %% ,% $

, + + + ( )

$$

$ +

5−

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 14/22

%, ! # " # !

# ( )- )

( ) ( )

$ + +

( ) ( )

$ + +

( ) ( )

$$

$ + +

( ) ( )

$$

$$% + +

%- !

$

$ $..

)

ω ω

− = +

− −

$

+ +

+ +

$ $

+

+ +

+ +

%/ ##

; #

;

%2 !# ( ) #;>#!

( ) "#. ( )

( )

&

& ,

&

& &

π

π =

!# ( )

&

&

= )

.$% $ $% ∞

ω$

$

$

&$

,$

$ $$

$

.&$M

.$M

.,$M

( ) ( )- ω

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 15/22

,$ " # A "

# ( ) ( ) ")

, # # # " ! ! A6>!

?

( ) ( )

− + − ( )

− −

, C>A/.$$3Q;"#!A

C>A#%AQ;"#<#

#

%

. # #

##)

$$ &$ % %

,' ><# A // ,$×

!=K>!$$

#<#// '$×

#// '$×

$. 5

#/0 /0

Q

5

5/0

( ) π

( ) π

$

/0

. 5

$

/0

. 5. 5

$

/0

. 5. 5$. 5

#/0

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 16/22

#<#// '$×

?#// '$×

,& . # "# ' × !

" $ "# <#'$CQ; $ '--η = Ω

'$/Ω '%%Ω &$$Ω &,Ω

,% !

M"

( )

$ $

% ' %

π ω β ω β

η η

= − + − +

!""*)

$

$$

η

$

$$

η

$%$η

$

%$

η

,, !

#"#×

( )

$

. .1

ωµ π π ω β

= −

* $ .

.!"#)

$ # $# $

,- %$Ω#." $ %$ = Ω " # ! . >. #)

$

$

' '

' '

'

& &

'

& &

$ %$ = Ω $ %$ = Ω %$Ω

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 17/22

,/ ! ." $$Ω

$$Ω"#!

$ %$ = Ω &

λ !

Γ #)

-

% −

%

-

%

-

%

-

,2

λ ? ; $

λ #

# !

( )

?

&

λ

&

λ

$ %$ = Ω

$ %$ = Ω

$ %$ = Ω

$$Ω

$$ΩΓ

;

;

;

;

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 18/22

-$ #;0B",$@

."; 2 ε )

' '

!

"!##$%

! # " .<# . .F

AM> ( M A6> & $ −× #

( )$ 2 ε ε > ( $−× (M ''% $−

× (M

- !?A6>)

%$ &' '%$ H

- !#"

$&'H $/%-H H &'H

-' "#.F)

>)!A6>.#

>)#.F"

!""#+

>># >#>

>># >>

0B

=;

,$@,$@

θ

2 ε

2 ε =

-(

(

$F

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 19/22

"!&#%

!" &. " φ φ #

"##

<# = $

" "

C#

-& !

)

&. & /

-% # # *C4

""#+

B"

B

B<#

! # $ " " " "

'!()!%*+

,"'!()!*-%

6.#"#

φ

.

φ $

.

.−

φ

. φ

$

.−

.−

.

5

0

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 20/22

-, !# ( ) ( ) )

+

+

+

-- ( ) ω = ( ) ω φ = + ###φ

π π − $

π .π$ $

π −

,"'!()!+-.%

/$/%#"

= ) AF%Q

) AF$KQ

') 70,2Q

&)

%) 42Q

,) B2(Q

-) >!'$$Q

/) Q=!

-/ !##1###

&"

'Q KQ Q ,2Q

-2 #-#9I"

98$I8$ 98$I8 98I8$ 98I8

,"'!()!+-+%

" ( ) ( ) =

( )

$

= −

( )

=

( )

$

= −

( )

=

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 21/22

/$ !# ( ) λ ν

. .

.

. .

.

/ !)

$

− −

− −

$

'

− −

,"'!()!+-+$%

#,.<#;# ( ) "

##<#;;<#;## '##S.:S$: S:

/ !#)

,

. 3= = '

% &$

. 3= =

& ,

. 3= =

' &

. 3= =

/' ##<#;.#"<#;")

%

2

,&

'

-,

' /

.% . $ %

/0

8/6/2019 ece2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ece2007 22/22

,"'!()!+&-+%

.. # " # " $F =

$ $ = Ω

/& !# ) '%H ,%H %H %$H

/% ! )

.$-/F .%,F .'%F .,%$F

5

0 0 0 0

0

0000