ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 1

The European Climate The European Climate Change ProgrammeChange Programme

ECCP IIECCP II

Angel Perez SainzHead of Unit

Energy Production and Distribution Systems

DG Research European Commission

The role of Technologyin Climate Change Policy

Stakeholders Meeting 24 Oct 2005

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 2

OUTLINE

Where are we ? Where do we want to go ?

A huge potential for technology

Actions underway: Is there sufficient awareness, consistency ?

Avenues for the future : The role of ECCP

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 3

Communication from the EC (February 2005) : “Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change”

Challenges : More drastic GHG reductions will be needed max. 2°C increase, max. 450 ppmv,- 50 / 60% by 2050

Participation Challenge: Include all major emitters share of EU-25 in world GHG emissions will decline to <10% share of developing countries will expand to >50%

Innovation Challenge Pulling technological change: Stimulate markets to promote

adoption of new technology

Pushing technological change: Invest in knowledge economy to give EU a competitive edge in a low carbon future

Adaptation Challenge

CLIMATE CHANGE - POST 2012

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 4

Communication from the EC (February 2005) :

Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change”

Conclusions The inclusion of more policy areas:

widen scope of international action to cover all greenhouse gases and all sectors. Enhanced innovation to transform energy and transport systems

optimal mix of technology ‘push’ (RTD) and ‘pull’ (Market Stimulation) instruments

The continued use of market based and flexible instruments The inclusion of adaptation policies

More resources need to be allocated in the EU to adapt effectively to climate change

The broadening of participation Specific projects/ programmes with major emitting nations to improve energy

efficiency or to promote development and adoption of low-carbon technologies

“

CLIMATE CHANGE - POST 2012

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 5

Communication from the EC (February 2005) : “Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change”

EC recommendations for a post-2012 EU Climate Change Strategy: NEXT STEPS

Immediate and effective implementation of agreed policiesKyoto Protocol, ETAP, Energy Efficiency Initiative.

Increased public awareness

More and better focused research increased EU funding under the 7th Framework Programme

Stronger co-operation with third countriestechnology transfer, scientific R&D cooperation

European Climate Change Programme in 2005 energy efficiency, RES, the transport sector carbon capture and storage.

“

CLIMATE CHANGE - POST 2012

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 6

Some issues and facts

The Energy system is complex

Debate by policy drivers, climate change, but also security of supply, growth and competitiveness

Greenhouse gases and the energy system

Sectoral approaches useful, but need to address the whole energy system

Interaction between sources, carriers, and conversion must also be reflected in RTD programmes

Energy efficiency and energy savings : Energy policy and Technology policy

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 7

Development vs. Deployment

Status of development

Example of technologies

Type of actions needed

Future promising technology Termonuclear fusion RTD

New energy technology HydrogenFuel cellsNew generation PV systemsVirtual PP conceptsCCS

RTD: cost, safety, reliability, performancePreparation of regulatory and market frameworks

Existing but not fully deployed commercially

New nuclear / Most RES (PV, solar, biomass, ocean …)MicrogridsSome fuel cellsBiofuels

Policy measuresRTD (decrease costs)

Established technology Fossil fuelsGas turbinesInternal combustion energiesSome RES (e.g. hydro, wind, geothermal)

RTD focussed on improving efficiency (mainly private effort)Policy measures to stimulate efficiency/savings

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 8

Technology Development vs.

Deployment

Factors to considerFactors to consider :

Technology push vs. Market pull

Competition factors : level playing field

Internalisation of external costs

High cost, long life of energy infrastructures

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 9

The Stabilization Triangle

1955 2005 2055

0

7

14

1.9

Billions of tons of carbon per year

year

Historical emissions Interim goal

Tougher targets

Flat path

Projected emissions

Stabilization triangle

Introduction to the WedgesIntroduction to the WedgesRef. R. Socolow-Princeton UniversityRef. R. Socolow-Princeton University

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 10

Cutting the Stabilization Triangle in Wedges

Flat path

Projected emissions

7 * 1 GtC

50 years

One wedge is 7*50/2 = 175 GtC

WedgesWedges

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 11

A huge potential for technology

(… but obstacles are also huge)

Energy technology developed in the Framework programmes is all climate friendly

FP6 : 205 M€ / year FP7 : 418 M€ / year

Short term Long term

Large scale deployment of renewablesIntegration: RES + Efficiency (Building, Eco, Polygeneration)Alternative fuels

Fuel cellsCarriers, H2 & ElectricityRenewablesCO2 C+S

Hydrogen and Fuel cellsRenewable electricity generationRenewable fuel productionRenewable for heating and coolingCO2 capture and storage technologies for zero emission power generationClean coal technologiesSmart energy networksEnergy savings and energy efficiencyKnowledge for energy policy making

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 12

A great variety of initiatives underway

Both at the European and International level

RTD Framework programmes and Competitiveness and Innovation Programme (CIP)

The United Nations Development Programme – Energy for sustainable development

A number of initiatives for facilitating financing and investment in low carbon technologies

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 13

A great variety of initiatives underway

Need for awareness and coordination

Need for a more coherent strategy on technology policy for climate change

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 14

“Winning the battle” Next steps

Recognise the role of technology

Identify the interactions between policy measures, particularly those where technology has a central role

A Climate change Technology Strategy and Policy

ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005 Slide n° 15

Role of ECCP

Establish a working group (including public and private stakeholders) to

Discuss and clarify issues and

Review and analyse initiatives underway

Assess « strategies » in relevant major partners

Recommend a way forward to the EC/EU