EATA Newsletter...2 EATA Newsletter N 88, F EB. 2007 Editorial In this issue of the EATA Newsletter we present with pleasure two articles from members, that are stimulating in different

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N°88, FEB. 2007 EATA Newsletter

EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS N°88,FEB.2007

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EATA Newsletter

For the third time in its history EATA will host itsconference in the Swiss mountains and the Conferencewill be organised by a great team from the Frenchspeaking part of Switzerland. Many of us have stillgood memories of the “legendary” conferences inVillars in 1974 and 1984 and Les Diablerets is in thesame area, which is so beautiful with overwhelmingscenery, that you can almost not believe the story aboutdemons and evil spirits, that led to its name (see thelittle article on page 4 about the place).

We are expecting lots of high quality presentationsand participants from all over Europe who will surelyagain create together the atmosphere of joyful,respectful, challenging and inspiring encounters thatmake these TA-conferences so special.

The theme

“The individual in an ever changingworld”

will be the key to all the conference discussions aroundimportant new and old TA concepts about human internaland relational communication. And the the pure mountainair in a charming family resort at the foot of a magnificentglacier will surely be a good atmosphere for us.

EATA Conference July 6th – 8th 2007

Maison des Congrès – 1865 Les Diablerets – CH - Suisse

The Individual in an EverChanging World

For further details see page 4/5

EATA invites to its European Summer Conference 2007

in Les Diablerets in Switzerland.

2 N°88, FEB. 2007EATA Newsletter

Editorial

In this issue of the EATA Newsletter we present with pleasure two articles from members, thatare stimulating in different areas:

Keith Tudor takes on the task to clarify and demystify and somewhat challenge the EATA handbookfor training and certification, which has grown so big over the years, that some experience itmore like a threat than a useful source of information. In my opinion he did that elegantly andinvites further discussion.

Stefan Sandström presents his challenging input presentation at the EATA trainers meeting inSantiago die Compostela (Spain) in July 2006 on ethics. This presentation (a second one wasgiven by Barbara Classen, the Chair of the EATA ethics committee) was there followed by broadand interesting discussions in different groups of the trainers and I hope that it is equallystimulating to all our readers – especially since ethics is just now again a topic of broad interestand discussion and EATA is presenting its newly formulated Ethics code (available in manylanguages at the EATA website www. EATAnews.org) for discussion in the membership and voteat the General Assembly this summer in Switzerland.

I am also proud to report of the different activities that EATA was able to stimulate and support inthe recent past (Symposium in Slovenia, Conference about the unconscious in Italy, Executiveoutreach program in Finland and a Colloquium in Frankfurt) which show how EATA is alive andactively supporting regional TA events according to the needs and interests of members in differentareas.

The next big event coming is the EATA conference in Switzerland this summer and you find allnecessary information in this issue of the newsletter.Also I am very proud to remind you all, that the EATA newsletter is now available in 6 languages(besides the English version you can see and download it from the EATA website in French,German, Italian, Spanish and Russian).

Another change is coming in the way the EATA newsletter is produced: up tonow (coming from a long tradition) the editor was a single person responsiblefor the form and content of the newsletter in close connection with the EATAcouncil and executive committee. Now we start to create an editorial board

hopefully with members from many regions who will co-create the newsletter and share theresponsibility. Details are still to be worked out in an evolutionary process and I invite those ofyou who are interested, maybe have experience in editing, maybe are involved in editing a TAjournal or newsletter of your region or country, to contact me for further details and possiblecooperation in the editorial board of an “European TA Newsletter”. I am looking forward tohearing from you and exchanging ideas and finding ways of cooperating.

Jan Hennig, editor of the EATA newsletter

EATA Newslettereditorial board

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EATA Newsletter

is published by theEuropean Association

for Transactional Analysisa non-profit association

registered inGeneva, Switzerland.

Mailing addressEATA, c/o M. Rauter

Silvanerweg 878464 Konstanz, Germany

Fon:+49-7531-955190Fax: +49-7531-95271

E-mail:[email protected] site: http://www.eatanews.org

EditorJan Hennig

in cooperation withpublication committee

Kapellenstr. 3, 63867 Johannesberg,Germany

tel: +49-6029-5373fax: +49-6029-5881

e-mail: [email protected]

Managing EditorMarianne Rauter

PrintingDruckerei Maus

Konstanz

Frequency/Deadlinesfor copy and advertising

August 20 for October issue,December 20 for February issue,

April 20 for June issue.

Subscriptionis a benefit of paying membership

and is not available separately.

Membershipis available directly

from Affiliated Associations

Non-European ITAA membersmay also subscribe

from the EATA office.

Dear EATA members,

You are warmly invited by right of your membership of theEuropean Association for Transactional Analysis (EATA) to the

General Assemblyduring the conference in Les Diablerets, Switzerland

Friday July 6th, 2007, 2 p.m.

AGENDA1. Presentation of Delegates2. Presidents overall report3. Treasurers report-approval, of last years finance4. Additional special reports from officers and Chairs ofCommittees5. Adopt the reports of the Council6. Medal Awards7. Any Other BusinessI hope to see you there.

Yours sincerely Adrienne Lee, President of EATA

Invitation to the General Assembly of EATA

We just want to remind you:

Since february 2006 EATA is able to offer the newsletter alsotranslated into 5 major languages: French, German, Italian,Spanish and Russian. These issues will not be printed but areavailable for reading and/or download (pdf. format) on the EATAwebsite www.eatanews.org!!!!!!

EATA Newsletter in different languages

The minutes of General Assembly in Santiago deCompostela and the EATA Financial Report 2005 areavailable from:

EATA Executive secretaryMarianne Rauter

eMail: [email protected]

Minutes of General Assembly and FinancialReport


The Diablerets is not only a charming mountain village and butalso a growing tourist centre. The village is situated in the upperpart of the Ormonts valley, which extends from the town of Aigleup to the mountain range of the Diablerets.In summer, the magnificent and varied countryside of this valley isthe perfect setting to enjoy the sunshine and fresh mountain air.We can go hiking, do VTT biking, skiing and snowboarding on the

glacier as well as many other fun sports.

What is the origin of the name “Diablerets” ( little devils) ?

The summit of the Diablerets, situated between the grazing fields of the Anzeindaz towards thesouth and the Ormonts valley to the north, has always had the reputation of being a dangerous andcursed site. Cursed as the tale tells that one of the local peasants did something so mean, so cruel,that the beautiful, flower-filled meadows of Tsanfleuron (meaning Field of Flowers, now Glacier3000) changed into a desolation of snow and ice.

From the Oldenhorn to Scex Rouge and from the Sanetsch to the Diablerets one can no longer hearthe calls of the cow herds or the bells of the cows resounding over the Diablerets summits. Thisplace became the haven for evil spirits, a true cross-roads to hell, a meeting point for demons andthe damned. The noise of their games with the rocks resounded into the valley and this gave rise tothe lower valley peasants to say that the demons were playing skittles. Thus the name of «Quille duDiable» or Devils Skittle to the tower shaped rock that can be seen to the south of the Glacier deTsanfleuron and the name of Diablerets (little devils) to this tormented meeting place. This namehas extended to the main hotel complex of the Ormonts valley, then to the entire upper part of thevalley.

The Diablerets is a “real” village before being considered a tourist centre or winter sport station.The main activities are therefore agriculture and tourism. The population counts around 1310inhabitants and the men are known as the Ormonans and the women as the Ormonanches.

(pictures page 1 and 4 from website www.les-diablerets.ch)

Les Diablerets

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Saturday, July 7th 2007

Friday, July 6th 2007

9.30 – 11.00 Opening Keynote Lecture

11.30 – 13.00 Workshops or Theme Debate or What is TA?

13.00 – 16.00 Lunch – Free time for recreation, walks…

16.00 – 18.30 Round Tables (simultaneously in French, English, German, Italian)

Theme: Ethics or Workshops or Theme Debate or What is TA?

16.00 – 18.00 Activities organized for accompanying family and friends

EATA Conference July 6th – 8th 2007

Maison des Congrès – 1865 Les Diablerets – CH - Suisse

The Individual in an EverChanging World

9.30 – 11.00 Round Tables (simultaneously in French, English, German, Italian) Theme: Violence to Women


13.00 – 14.00 Lunch

14.30 – 16.00 Keynote Lecture


16.30 – 18.00 Activities organized for accompanying family and friends

from 19.00 Gala Evening “Music and Snow” (optional)

Conference fees and accommodation prices per person

Conference (lunch included):Before 28.02.07

EATA Members CHF 390.– (€ 237)Non members CHF 430.– (€ 261)

Students CHF 351.– (€ 214)Members from Eastern countries CHF 200.– (€ 121)

After 01.03.07 EATA Members CHF 430.– (€ 261)

Students CHF 387.– (€ 235)Non-members CHF 480.– (€ 291)

Members from Eastern countries CHF 220.– (€ 133)

Half board accommodation for 1 night (evening meal and breakfast) per person:4 star hotel single room CHF 174.– (€ 105)

double room CHF 132.– (€ 80)3 star hotel single room CHF 136.– (€ 82)

double room CHF 99.– (€ 60)

For other possibilities of accommodation, please apply to the Tourist Office of Les Diablerets, www.diablerets.ch

or the Conference organizing Committee www.asat-sr.ch

Gala Evening “Music and Snow” (optional) bookin advance CHF 100.– (€ 60)

Headphones for translation CHF 20.– (€ 12)Simultaneous translation of lectures into F – E- D

Enrolment form enclosed or on www.asat-sr.ch

Sunday, July 8th 2007

9.30 – 11.00 Workshops or Theme Debate

11.30 – 13.00 Round Tables (simultaneously in French, English, German, Italian)

Theme: Multiculturalism

13.15 – 14.30 Lunch

15.00 – 17.00 Keynote Lecture and Closing Address

EATA-Conference July 6th - 8th, 2007


by Stefan Sandström

In the trainers meeting at Santiago de Compostella, 6-7 of July, I was responsible, together withBarbara Classen, for the presentation/discussion entitled Power and responsibility – uses andabuses. The following text reflects my part of the presentation that concerned the abuses of power.While the focus in the meeting was primarily with power issues in TA-training and in TA organisationsit goes without saying that this theory can just as well be applied to organisations and individuals inother contexts. But ‘charity begins at home’ so I let the main focus rest with TA therapy, training,supervision and organisations.

Particularly in the TA context it seems that power abuse can be distinguished from the legitimateuse of power since legitimate power is anchored in a bilateral contract and power abuse is not. Ipropose that the contract is seen as valid only as long as it reflects the explicit striving of bothparties. Should one party attempt to force the other by referring to a ’contract’ then, it would be seenas automatically invalidated.I also propose that whereas the contract is based on and reflects a ++ position, power abuse isalways derived from a + – position (In - - power is futile, and in - + the person tends to render selfpowerless by inhibitory processes). From this perspective, then, power abuse is seen as a distinctlypathological phenomenon.Some typical + - processes are particularly instrumental in providing a base for thought, feeling andbehaviours that are concerned with power abuse. These are paranoid, narcissistic, sadistic andpsychopathic. They can all be parts of extensive racket systems of individuals. I shall briefly describethem and leave it to the reader to find examples of this process.To counteract power abuse it is generally good to use ‘bordering interventions’, particularly with thelast three process patterns. Bordering interventions is a term once used by Otto Kernberg in a lecture,though I haven’t seen it in his writings. My understanding of this term would translate into TA-termsas a statement from the Critical Parent to any ego state in the respondent, backed by an Adultexplanation.(“It is not OK to xxx, because xxx”) This comes fairly close to a permission transaction.The general purpose of a bordering intervention is to re-establish structure such as laws, rules,contracts, authority, hierarchy, moral, ethics etc. These structures are normally initiated duringchildhood through messages from Critical Parent to Adapted Child. Hence they are particularlylacking in people with personality disorders. Such bordering interventions may be directed to groupsas well as individuals. They can also be backed up by possible sanctions.

Paranoid process in power abuse – a good person/group in an evil world.This position is justified by the presumption that one is in an environment that is hostile and plottingagainst oneself and ones interests. Power abuse is therefore rationalised as a legitimate defensivestrategy in an evil and corrupt surroundings.Transport of feeling: Fear, is transported from oneself to others by scary and aggressive behavioursas well as by projective identification.Predominant feelings: anger and fear. Anger is used to rid oneself of fear and to transport it toothers.To escalate power struggle: Begin a paranoid – paranoid competitive escalation. The more you scarethe other the more paranoid he will be.To decrease power struggle: Create a safe environment as a basis for contracting and cooperation.

Psychological processes in Power abuse.

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Group behaviour: the paranoid process may result in “The fortress” where the group members usefight-and-flight behaviour (like the one described by Wilfred Bion) in order to fend of outside threats.As TA professionals we may be scared by clients, trainees or supervisees. They are particularlyprone to scare us when they are scared themselves and act from a paranoid base. We may also befearful of losing money and position, i.e. fearing that our trainees will take over a piece of our‘market’.

Narcissistic process in power abuse – a genius in a world of fools.Narcissism is a grandiose defence against deep feelings of shame and insignificance. Others areseen as inferior – either as admirers of ones genius or as envious people that hate you and want todestroy you because they feel inferior.Power ambitions and abuses are justified since “I know best” and this also justifies the disregardingof rules, hierarchy, contracts etc. as mere bureaucratic stupidities. Sometimes one doesn’t see oneselfas a genius, but instead the narcissistic grandiosity is transferred to a project that is so ‘important’that democratic procedure and contracts must be manipulated or even bypassed to achieve it.Transport of feeling: shame and insignificance is transported form self to others, particularly byshowing contempt for them or ignoring them altogether, or by projective identification.Predominant feelings: Pride and shame. Pride and contemptuous behaviour are used to transportshame to others.To escalate power struggle: Begin a narcissistic – narcissistic competitive escalation (“Who’s best”?“Who knows best”? “Be my audience”)To decrease power struggle:

• Behave respectfully and correctly towards the power abusing individual or group.• Use bordering intervention from ethical and/or organisational framework.• Cooperative contracting.

Group behaviour: Narcissistic group processes generally take the form of establishing a narcissisticalliance between the persons involved. Sometimes people can ‘lend’ their own narcissism to a centralfigure that is idealised, and where some of the narcissistic investment is reintegrated by receiving(usually minor) strokes from her/him. Sometimes a narcissistic group process takes the form of“the clique” a self chosen ‘elite’ that stroke each other in such a way as to give the impression thatthey are the worthy few and that those outside don’t amount to much.Narcissistic threats consist of any threat to ones feelings of uniqueness and genius. For TApractitioners (and other colleagues) it is particularly difficult when we treat, train or supervise peoplethat are more clever than we are – which will happen to everybody who, unlike Eric Berne (myth?),do not have an IQ of more than 200. We can easily fall into the trap of using position to claim that weknow best, or to exclude others from such and such inner circle.This is also a particularly sensitive issue when it comes to “showpiece therapy” (“doctor Phil”-ing infront of an audience). If this form of instructive therapy should be practiced at all (which might bediscussed), protection and permission must be secured. The therapist probably also needs to be veryhumble towards the ‘client’, and there is no room at all for narcissistic self-aggrandisement.

Psychopathic process – rules are for fools, and, might makes rightShea Schiff used to say that the psychopath feels that rules are made by the enemy with the evil intentto control you. Therefore they are not respected. When the person is not diagnostically a psychopaththis process comes about particularly when:

• An individual or group gets into a Victim-position that is hard enough so that it feels justifiedto disregard all norms and limits in order to persecute the ‘offender’. (“I will not let you hide


behind the rules!”). The responsibility of the transgressions is thus also transported to theperceived adversary. (“They started it”, “Sow wind, reap storm”).

• One feels that norms, rules and justice doesn’t function on the general level (in theorganisation/in society etc.), so that people that respect them will be Victimised (“Suckers”),while the clever ones take advantage of the situation.

Others are generally perceived as being psychopathic or naïve (“Suckers”).To escalate power struggle: Discount the existence of a problem. Don’t act.To decrease power struggle:• Use bordering intervention from ethical and/or organisational framework.• Cooperative contracting.

Group behaviour: This may consist of feeling justified to neglect rules and ethic standards whenothers do, reinforced by people knowing about and not confronting each others transgressions. Whenit gets more formalised it amounts to what may be called “The mob”.This can be a tempting alternative in environments with a high level of anomy and/or discounting,which is not usually the case in TA circles. Sometimes one may feel that ”I want this, and I think thatI can get away with it”. To check such egoistic behaviour it is important to react and confront.

Sadistic process in power abuse – a strong person surrounded by weaklingsSome view sadism exclusively as a sexual behaviour. In my examinations of this concept I have builton the work of Erich Fromm, who sees sadism as a much more inclusive pattern that is characterisedby the adoration of strength and the contempt for weakness. The infliction of pain is here seen, notas a goal in itself, but rather as instrumental in establishing control of the dominated subject.Fromm in turn was building on the social psychological theories of “the authoritarian personality”or “the fascist personality” as it is sometimes called. This process is the nucleus of fascistic groupprocess, where stern measures are taken toward “weak” groups and individuals that might underminesociety (social Darwinism), and there is a demand for a “strong leader”. Getting to know the fascistwithin oneself, then, is getting to know ones own sadistic racket system.My own contribution to the theory of the sadistic process concerns the understanding of theunderlying motivation for sadistic behaviour. I propose that the sadistic behaviour is motivated by,sometimes traumatic, feelings of impotence, and that the exertion of power over somebody alleviatesthat condition. When the exertion of power is particularly ruthless, painful and oppressive (as inabuse or rape, to use dramatic examples), the feeling of impotence is transferred to the victim.However, extremely controlling behaviours may also transfer feelings of “being unable to move”,“being steered by someone’s will”, “doing it all wrong if I do it my own way” etc.To escalate power struggle:

• Discount, don’t act• Show weakness, trust and flexibility (leads to contempt).

To decrease power struggle: Show strength, bordering interventions, use sanctions.(To cure sadism on the individual level, traumatic memories must be worked through.)Group behaviour: May take the form of bullying or of structural fascism where there is a clearhierarchy, and one is expected to act in a submissive way towards superiors and with oppressiontowards ‘inferiors’ in the hierarchy.In training, therapy and supervision it is important to keep an eye on self and others when we/they:

• Are overly controlling• Are contemptuous of our clients, trainees, supervisees (or their clients).• Needlessly and repeatedly inflict pain on others.• Become too power-hungry.

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Richard Erskine with the group thatstarted a three years IntegrativeTransactional Analysis trainingprogramme near Montpellier in maylast year

The Eric Berne family cordially invites you to experience thehome setting of Dr. Berne in his charming Carmel-by-the-Seahome. The garden study where he wrote all of his books hasbeen carefully maintained and is open to guests.Bed and Breakfast accommodations are now being offered onweekends with a 2 night minimum. Eric Berne’s daughter, Janice,looks forward to welcoming you to their family home.Please call 831-625-1569 for information and reservations.

Stay at Eric Berne’s Carmel Home

Recognition of TA institutes through EAP

The Integrative TA Training Group

Now, the process of recognising training institutes has started in the European Association forPsychotherapy. When institutes are recognised, their students can receive the European Certificatefor Psychotherapy directly.We need international experts to visit the institutes. We have only one expert in TA (IsabelleCrespelle) and two more would be appreciated. It is a service which is not retributed but of coursetravel and lodging are assured by the institute.Here are the criteria for the nomination of «International Experts»:1- detailed CV in English2- fluent English language3- ECP holder4- five years minimum as trainer in a psychotherapeutic program5- knowledge and experience in managing a training institute6- to be nominated with a supportive letter by the NAO or EWAO (for us, EATA)Those who are interested can send a letter to the EATA PTSC chairperson via the EATA office.

Did you know or hear already?Did you know or hear already?


Did you know or hear already? Did you know or hear already?

Dear Colleague,After a recent informal meeting of EATA members, we reached the decision of creating acommunication network: EATA Italian Members (Soci Eata Italiani).We need to have an user friendly instrument , which allow us to share information and news concerningour activities. We thought that a mailing list would be a good solution. It’s free, quick and everyonecould choose to join in or unsubscribe whenever he or she felt like.The EATA Italian Member’s Mailing List is just for Italian speaking people, but you don’t have tobe Italian to join in. Our Mailing List won’t be a “Thought Processing Place”, (for this purpose thereare conventions, conferences, meetings…), instead it could be a “News and Information sharingPlace” (conference’s communication, bibliographic reference’s request…)If you want to join in you can click on the link below

http://groups.google.it/group/ML-Soci-EATA-ItalianiTo complete the registration you are required to join in Google (if you are not registred yet), it’sfree of charge and it’s painless. If you want more information about the registration, if you are notused to Mailing List, send me an e-mail ([email protected]) and I’ll help you.Buon lavoro!Best Regards! Pietro Romanelli (PTSTA-P)

EATA Italian Member’s Mailing List

Caro Collega,durante i tanti incontri informali all’interno delle attività dell’EATA (Convegni, Incontri, Esami),insieme ad un gruppo di colleghi abbiamo sentito il bisogno e la voglia di creare uno strumentoveloce ed efficace di comunicazione tra noi, Soci EATA Italiani.Abbiamo sentito l’esigenza di avere uno strumento facile e veloce con il quale scambiarciinformazioni e notizie riguardo alle nostre molteplici e ricche attività.Una Mailing List ci è sembrato lo strumento ideale per questo fine: è gratuito, di facile utilizzo eveloce, ed ognuno può decidere di iscriversi o di cancellarsi autonomamente ed in ogni momento.Abbiamo quindi deciso di creare una Mailing List dei Soci Italiani dell’EATA e, visto il fine che cisiamo proposti, di riservarne l’iscrizione ai soli Soci EATA Italiani o ai Soci EATA che conosconola Lingua Italiana.Questa Mailing List non dovrà essere “Luogo di Produzione di Pensiero” (a talfine ci sono altre sedi specifiche preposte, quali ad esempio convegni, incontri, ecc.), ma “Luogodi Scambio, di Richieste e di Divulgazione di Informazioni e Notizie” (Comunicazioni di Convegni,Richieste di Riferimenti Bibliografici, ecc.).Se hai piacere di partecipare e di utilizzare questo strumento puoi andare alla pagina http://groups.google.it/group/ML-Soci-EATA-Italiani dalla quale è possibile iscriversi.Per completare l’iscrizione sarà necessario iscriversi anche a Google (se non sei già iscritto), maquesta iscrizione è gratuita e non comporta altri oneri di nessun tipo.Se vuoi altre informazioni sulle procedure di iscrizione, o se non sei pratico di come funziona e/odi come si usa una Mailing List, di seguito troverai le spiegazioni di cui hai bisogno. Qualora lestesse non fossero chiare o sufficienti non esitare a contattarmi ([email protected]).

Buon Lavoro! Pietro Romanelli (PTSTA-P)

Una Mailing List dei Soci EATA Italiani

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Reports from regional events

Presenters: Helena Hargaden, Mathias Sell,Charlotte Sills; Chair – Ulrike MuellerParticipants: Qualified TA practitioners formGermany, Austria, Netherlands, UK , SwitzerlandOrganiser: Nevenka Milkjovic Vice Chair of EATAand responsible for Colloquia

The 14th November saw the very first EATAcolloquium – an event designed by EATA to furtherthe development of TA theory and practice byfacilitating international connection andinterchange.Ulrike Mueller, TSTA, editor of the German TA-Journal had the role of the host.Ulrike said: “I felt very excited at the idea to have an international exchange about current theoreticalissues. As far as I can assess the European situation, at the moment, the relational approach intransactional analysis is the most challenging issue. Therefore, we were very happy to have HelenaHargaden and Charlotte Sills – who have published a pioneer work about the theme – to come to thecolloquium and share with us their thinking about relational transactional analysis. As representativeof the German colleagues, Matthias Sell offered the audience his view and understanding of relationalworking in different fields, not only in psychotherapy.”Since this was the first Colloquium, the organizers were wondering about how the new formatwould be received: would EATA certified members (CTAs, PTSTAs and TSTAs ) be interested insuch an event and how many would come?The resonance was very good: more then 60 participants came, mostly from all over Germany, butalso from Switzerland, Netherlands, UK, Austria. Two professional interpreters were simultaneouslyinterpreting into English or into German, The participants and presenters could follow the colleaguesspeaking another language through the headphones, so there was no usual ‘EATA-translation-noise-disturbance’ in the room and the non-German speakers were excited to feel that they were engagingin an immediacy of communication with the participants that is usually impossible.The day started with PowerPoint presentations from Helena, Charlotte and Matthias who tracedsome of the history and development of the relational movement in psychotherapy and TA. This wasfollowed by discussions and questions from the audience facilitated by Ulrike. During the afternoon,the presenters offered an insight into their practice of relational transactional analysis in differentworkshops.We, presenters and organizers, have all spent some considerable time reflecting on this day. Wehad interesting and challenging feedback. Many people said they found the event rewarding andstimulating and others were dissatisfied with the level of theory and found the style of the morningpresentations to be ‘unrelational’ and therefore not in keeping with the theme. We were provokedto think a lot about the challenges of international and intercultural meetings of this kind. This firstEATA-Colloquium has highlighted that for future events, several important decisions have to bemade; for example: What is the role of international presenters? To share and discuss ideas, or tobe visiting ‘experts’? We realised that some of the ‘pitfalls’ of the day arose from a lack of clarity

The three presenters (from left):Matthias Sell, Charlotte Sills, Helena

Hargaden

EATA International Colloquium Frankfurt 14th November 2006



EATA executive outreach program: A workshop in Helsinki“TA, the many-sided tool for growth and change”

FinTA , the finnish association for TA, and EATA arranged together a workshop “TA, the many-sidedtool for growth and change” in Helsinki 10.11.2006. The workshop was an opportunity to get toknow what TA and EATA is and how TA can be used in different fields. The aim was to reach peoplewho don’t know yet much TA and also get them interested in knowing. FinTA collected a little feefrom participants and EATA supported FinTA. So money was not an obstacle to join the workshop.EATA COC had their meeting in Helsinki and Adrienne Lee, Maria Teresa Tosi and Kaare Kristiansenarrived one day before the meeting and led the workshop. It was very nice to have an opportunity totalk about TA in Finland and FinTA and share some ideas how to go on.

There were 35 participants in the workshop. FinTA members ( the president of FinTA Ritva Piiroinenand the council delegate Lila Tuisku ) said welcome and then the EATA presenters introduced TAbasics, TA organisational structures and training. The rest of the day we worked in two groups; onePsychotherapy and Counselling and one Organisational and Education .The goal was to introduce the participants to how TA is applied in the different fields, by presentinga case of a successful change/development and give practical examples and support the participantsto ask questions and share their thoughts.In the end of the workshop Ritva introduced the FinTA and it’s activities and what does it mean to bea member of the association, and the whole group gave feedback from the workshop and it’sarrangements. After the workshop three participants already applied for membership and all wantedto get information about coming trainings and what happens in FinTA. FinTA is arranging a 101course in the spring as a continuation of the workshop and we are hopeful to get more membersalso then.

EATA offers special international Colloquia as a platform to strengthen professionalism;internationalism and the development of new theories, models and methods.Goal: Forum for the presentation and discussion of new theories in TATarget group: open to all members at CTA level and aboveDuration: one dayCosts: travel expenses for presenters (EATA pays)venue costs (EATA

pays)translation (paid by participants)experts: Two-three experts from outside the host nation, one domestic expertparticipants: CTAs and above from Europe

about this. Another important question is: How can presenters learn beforehand what are the prevailingphilosophies and professional knowledge of the host country?It was the first EATA colloquium and we feel we have much to celebrate and also to learn about thisevent. It seems possible that the Colloquium will prove to be an absolutely extraordinary vehicle ofinternational exchange of ideas – not only theories and practice but ways of thinking and looking atthe world. This was a great start and strengthens both EATA and TA in Europe.If you would like to organize EATA-International Colloquium in your country please contactNevenka Miljkovic, EATA Vice President, [email protected].

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After one week FinTA asked by email feedback from the participants about the workshop and someideas how to develop this kind of co-operation with EATA. Those who answered were glad thatEATA has this policy and were very interested to meet EATA persons again. Usually we can meet inthe conferences and it was a new experience to have “the conference energy” in our own country.Ideas for improvement and further growth of TA activities came up and once more showed thecontinuing effects of such a “mini-conference” format.

Lila Tuisku, Ritva Piiroinen


7th National Conference of SIAT in Italy“T.A. on the tracks of the Unconscious”

The 7th National Conference of the Italian Society of Transactional Analysis took place in Rome, atthe Salesian University, December 8 - December 10, 2006. The theme chosen, “The topicality ofthe Unconscious”, arose from the demand of Transactional Analysts to reconsider the terms andprocesses related to the concept of the Unconscious (today a gripping subject), both from atheoretical and also from a clinical and methodological point of view. The recent developments ofneuroscience have brought to our attention processes and memories which need comparison withessential unconscious elements. T. A. has emphasized the phenomenological and social level andhas progressively left out the development of a theoretical reflection on the Unconscious, startingfrom Berne. It was only in the 1980’s, when the processes of transference were reconsidered, thatT.A. started talking about the Unconscious again.

Although the Conference took place during the holiday weekend of the Immaculate Conception, itwas successful and, in confirmation of the attractiveness of this theme for Transactional Analystsand psychologists, there were 265 participants, coming from all over Italy.Such a reply, if we also consider it from the perspective of the quality of the presentations, pointsout that this “antique theme” is still living and of great interest to psychotherapists.Divided into two big sections, the Conference was divided into eight specific sessions and orientedin a theoretical, clinical methodological and experiential (workshops) sense. The first part of thework (which was theoretical), involved 41 speakers, with the contribution of Giorgio C. Cavallero,Raffaella Leone Guglielmotti, Pio F. Scilligo, Resi Tosi, some of the most appreciated TransactionalAnalysts, both at a national and international level. While the contribution of some of the youngTransactional Analysts, was beneficial in terms of openness and creativity. We want also to underlinethe original contribution of Bill Cornell who, interviewing some of the people who participated tothe “San Francisco Seminars”, wrote about the relevance of unconscious experiences in modern

T.A. and about a conceptual model to use when dealing with issues related to the theme of theFreudian Unconscious, left incomplete by Berne.The second part involved the participants in a session of workshops conducted by experiencedTransactional Analysts such as Carlo Moiso, Carla de Nitto, Antonella Liverano, Cinzia Messana,Serena Barreca, etc.At the closing of the Conference, on Sunday morning, December 10, two Round Tables took place.The first one, “Modern Representations and Models of the Unconscious” was a journalisticdebate and was animated by the discussants Giorgio C. Cavallero and Pio F. Scilligo. It comparedthe psychodynamic approach, advocated by Professor Paolo Migone with the cognitive approach,advocated by Professor Antonio Semerari.


The second Round Table was moderated by Resi Tosi (former SIAT President and future EATAPresident): the representatives of the Italian Institutes of Transactional Analysis, Giorgio C. Cavallero(AUXIMON), Silvie Rossi (IAT), Laura Quagliotti (AIAT), Evita Cassoni (CPAT), Pio Scilligo (IRPIR),met with Carlo Moiso and Michele Novellino (Italian Berne Prizes respectively in 1987 and in2003) and discussed the theme of “Perspectives on the Theories of the Unconscious in T.A.”.


Fervent and engaging, the debate pointed out the need for a broader epistemological exchange onthe basic T.A. concepts and the need for Transactional Analysts to have their own model of theUnconscious. One of the main merits of the Conference was to put the different Italian T.A. realitiestogether, along with the richness, the variety, the openness and the availability of both participantsand speakers. In confirmation of the atmosphere that originated, oriented both towards theory andconcrete operating, we want to underline how, at the end of the debates, the desire of integratingwhat had been said with one’s personal professional experience, was palpable.The academical seat of the Salesian University and the lecture-hall number 2, by now familiar toSIAT (two years ago the First Italian Trainer’s Meeting took place there), and the warm welcomingof the Salesian priests, have contribued to give the sense of “finding ourselves again in a familiarplace”.A great number of speakers and participants took part in the unified session and – in some cases –it seemed like not having the necessary time to deepen the themes. On one side this aspect was alimit, but on the other side, it was a stimulus for the future. We believe that the two needs should bebalanced in a more effective way, maybe even by creating parallel sessions which guarantee widerspace for the presentations.It seems to us that the winning formula for survival, growth and development of the T.A. theoreticalmodel, within the international scientific community, is the ability to use the fundamental theoreticalconcepts with clarity, and to verify them and support them with applied and comparative research.M. Gubinelli – Co-ordinator of the SIAT Scientific CommissionM. Riccucci – JournalistWe want to thank the Conference Organizing Commitee (Cristina Caizzi, Cristiana Spiridigliozzi,Teresa Bevilacqua, Sabrina Marciano, Valentina Branca); the SIAT Scientific Commission (IolandaAngelucci, Giorgio C. Cavallero, Massimo Gubinelli, Roberta Sanseverino, Valentina Terlato). Aspecial thank you goes to Pio F. Scilligo for his hospitality and to Roberta Sanseverino for her kindcollaboration.

by Massimo Gubinelli and Monica RiccucciN.B. We are preparing Conference Acts which can be requested to Massimo Gubinelli – email:[email protected].

Symposium in Slovenia: Respecting the unknown

A great success in many ways was a symposium adressing themes of human reactions to unconscious,unfamiliar or strange situations and encounters (like family secrets, personal and cultural myths,non verbal expectations in relationships, not expressed existential fears, hidden processes incompanies......)From 10 -12 November 2006, in Slovenia – Kranjska Gora - the Second Regional meeting in TAtook place with the topic: Respecting the unknown.This event was sponsored and strongly supported by EATA & its European Connection Committeeas a project which provides possibilities to trainees in East European countries to attend workshopswith trainers from different TA schools and fields.

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The beautiful mountain village was an excellent place forthis meeting, chosen by the warm and thoughtfulorganizational team of SLOVENTA who did all to expresstheir welcome to people from different neighborhoodcountries. In a friendly atmosphere, in a typical mountainhotel, surrounded by beautiful nature of Alps more than 60members of UTA, SLOVENTA, MATA, OTA-BIHOTA, SATAparticipated in 14 workshops in 3 days.Most of these people did not meet since the beginning ofthe crisis and war in ex-Yugoslavia years ago, and it wasimpressive, how the energy of TA brought people togetheragain – respecting the unknown in them / as the announced topic of the meeting / and respecting differences integratedin the main goal: promotion of an OK-OK position incommunication and Autonomy.Presenters were from Slovenia: Martin Bertok, Bojan Pucelj, Gregor Zvelc; Croatia: Nada Zanko;Italy: Marco Mazzetti; Serbia: Marina Banic; UK: John Parr, John Heath, Lis Heath; Bosnia: NadaJabancic, Sadmir Jabancic. Different approaches were presented: classical, integrative, spirituality& TA, body therapy &TA, developmental, process communication…trainees experienced applicationof TA in many settings and in direct human relations.The main philosophy of regional meetings is to present different approaches of TA training fortrainees in associations where there is only one or two PTSTA’s, mainly in the field of psychotherapy.The problem there is usually small groups of trainees (2-5) and limited access to qualified andcertifies trainers. The organization of training on a regional level (instead of national) gives severalassociations the chance to organize training with the assistance of the European Connectioncommittee of EATA.During the PTSTA meeting, held in Slovenia, we discussed problems of training in TA in differentcountries like Romania, Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Macedonia and found similar difficulties in allEast European countries: lack of trainers in different fields, lack of trainers in different schools andapproaches, small groups for organizing training in educational or organizational field, difficultiesin taking CTA exam in foreign language and, due to economical situation, difficulties for trainees totravel abroad to attend training in different institutes or to prepare & take CTA or TSTA exam.After discussion with trainees and trainers we concluded that we will organise regional Summerschools in TA, which will be organizationally, educationally or counseling oriented and that membersof many neighborhood Associations can attend them regularly. Another project is the Exchangeprogram among institutes: trainees from for instance Slovenia can attend as guests training in

Belgrade without paying an extra fee, and they will be lhostedby trainees from Belgrade, and vice versa. We proposed suchvisits to be contracted between institutes on regional levels. Indiscussion with the Chair of COC, Marco Mazzeti, we agreedthat in the near future, until the end of 2008, a first CTA exam inthis region will be organized in order to facilitate thecertification of (hopefully many) candidates after long lastingtraining interruptions through the many difficulties in this regionAnother initiative from this meeting will be also to collaborate

closely with PTSC and COC of EATA to provide quality and continuity in training in different fieldsin TA in East European countries and to satisfy training needs of members of EATA in differentregions.


On the photo from left : John Heath -UK ; Gregor Zvelc - Slovenia;

Marina Banic- Serbia, Bojan Pucelj -Slovenia, Martin Bertok- Slovenia,

Lis Heath - UK.

smiling trainees


by Keith Tudor

Over the years, many candidates for the CTA exam have applied themselves to the EATA Trainingand Examination Handbook (EATA PTSC, 2003). As a document this is clear and comprehensive,and has benefited from a series of revisions. However, it is equally clear that different people –candidates, supervisors and trainers – have different interpretations of certain clauses andrequirements, a situation which leads some to think that there is an ulterior or ‘hidden handbook’, atleast in some people’s minds. Nowhere is this more true than the criteria for the selection of examtapes (Section 9.3.3.1). Add to this the natural state of a candidate’s anxiety about her or his ‘oralexamination’, and the ground is fertile for reading the Handbook as gospel, and for over-adaptation.In the tradition of scriptural interpretation, this exegesis (below, in italics) is an attempt to read,explain and interpret ‘what it says on the tin’, no more, no less - and, in doing so, to challenge somecommon assumptions and ‘received wisdom’. This reading is also an attempt to help candidates (i.e.trainees preparing for the exam) to ‘own’ the criteria as criteria against which she or he can equallyassess any proposed tape extract. In this sense, this is a protestant exegesis in proposing – or protesting– a direct relationship with scripture, text and tapes rather than one necessarily mediated by priests,trainers or supervisors.

There are certain requirements for exam tapes (audio or video), although these are in differentplaces in the Handbook (Sections 7.2.3.3, 9.2.4 and 12.7.14). One requirement, referred to underSection 7.2.3.3 ‘Client contact hours’, is that, in all fields of application or specialisation, one ofthe three tapes must be of the candidate working in a group setting; and, if candidates do not have agroup tape, a ‘No Exam’ will be declared (Section 9.2.4). In the educational and organisationalfields all three tapes may be ‘group tapes’; in the psychotherapy and counselling fields, one tapemust be of work with an individual (Section 7.2.3.3). In the original Handbook (EATA TSC, 1997),the tape requirement for a group tape in the psychotherapy and counselling fields was that it shouldhave been recorded during a therapy session. Following discussions concerning the difficulty sometherapists were experiencing in obtaining permission from groups to tape sessions, especially incertain work settings, in 1998 the EATA Professional Training Standards Committee adopted thepresent wording. This wording acknowledges this difficulty and then states (Section 7.2.3.3): ‘Thegroup tape may therefore be a personal or staff development group, a training or experiential group.’(my emphasis). As the Handbook makes clear in an earlier paragraph, the purpose of this tape (grouptherapy or otherwise) is to ‘demonstrate the candidate facilitating group dynamics in an effectiveway and using transactional analysis in their understanding of group process.’ Interestingly thischange, made in response to certain people’s experiences and situations, and in favour of greaterflexibility, has been interpreted and presented as EATA ‘dropping’ the group therapy tape requirement.This is not so. The motivation was clear at the time and, as Jan Hennig, then Chair of PTSC, recalls(personal communication, 27 June 2006): ‘we really wanted to see CTAs doing group therapy’.Having acknowledged the requirements for tapes, I now turn to the criteria for their selection.

Selection of exam tapes (Section 9.3.3.1) and commentaryThe following criteria are based on past experience. They are not mandatory.Commentary: This is an important and remarkable opening statement which acknowledges theexperiential basis of the exam, and implicitly acknowledges the importance of the candidate’s own

Exam Exegesis

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experience in preparing how she or he presents her or himself. This is particularly important assome principal supervisors seem to take the view that they have to approve the candidate’s tapes.This is not an EATA requirement and thus is a personal preference or ‘requirement’, which, ofcourse, in the spirit of negotiating bilateral contracts, the candidate/supervisee may negotiate. Inthis context, the word ‘criteria’ is somewhat misleading and confusing; and, as they are not mandatory,these ‘criteria’ may be better viewed as ‘guidelines’.

Technical adviceThe three short tape or video segments should be approximately 5 minutes long.Commentary: There is no definition of ‘approximately’. In the academic field, the leeway given onword count is + or – 10% which, if adopted or understood as a standard, would make tape or videosegments as between 4’30" and 5’30".Pictures and sound should be of high quality and without intrusive background noise and all speechclearly audible.Commentary: This is a fairly straightforward criterion and, with increasing access to good qualityrecording equipment, is relatively easy to fulfil. As a guideline, I suggest that, if the examiner,sitting at a reasonable distance from the equipment, has to lean forward to hear the tape or to seethe video, then the tape or video does not meet this criterion. Note that this does mean that thecandidate must or should not present such a tape or video, but it does mean that she or he may haveto deal with examiners who are struggling to hear or see and, therefore, who may be irritated.

ContentThe recording should show reasonably fluent interaction between you and the person or group withwhom you are working.Commentary: This refers to the desirability that the tape extract demonstrates a certain fluency andinteraction between the therapist/practitioner and client/group. Whilst five minutes of silence orof a client sobbing may be good therapy, they do not make a suitable tape! This said, it is alsoimportant that this ‘reasonably fluent interaction’ represents the candidate’s way of working. I haveknown candidates who, as practitioners usually working from a relational perspective, consider doing a piece of cognitive-behavioural work with a client inorder to get a suitable exam tape. In my view this represents an over-adaptation to a perception ofwhat is wanted or considered easier and is, therefore, a high-risk strategy. What is required is fiveminutes of the candidate’s way of working, to which she or he can talk and in response to which sheor he can respond to questions from the examiners.

The recording is supposed to show effective interventions using TA.Commentary: Following from the previous criteria, this reminds us that one purpose of the CTAexam is to assess the candidate’s competence, including her or his effectiveness as a TA practitioner.This is also connected to the points below regarding TA theory, contract, direction, and facilitation.The work that you want to demonstrate must be on the recording itself. Examiners will assess yourwork according to what they hear on the recording, and reports of «what happened before orafterwards» are relevant only as background.Commentary: This appears obvious. The candidate needs to present what she or he is demonstrating,and not to claim that what happened exists ‘off the record’ or ‘off extract’. Some candidates (attemptto) push against this criterion by drafting long introductions to the tape extract and/or by saying andclaiming what happened afterwards. This is not only not necessary, it’s suspicious. This criterion or


guideline advocates open communication and simplicity. If, say, the title of the extract (see nextcriterion) is ‘Decontamination’, it is helpful, ‘though not essential, to have the client’s contamination(or double contamination) either explicit and discussed on the tape or named at some point on thefront sheet (for further discussion of which see below). It is essential in this scenario to have themoment of decontamination on the tape, however that is framed and understood.The work presented should have a title taken from TA theory, such as ‘decontamination’; ‘explorationof script material’ or ‘contract making’.Commentary: Despite rumours to the contrary (based on the ‘hidden handbook’), there is norequirement about the particular nature of the work, or the stage of work, or the type or setting ofthe work. Some candidates appear worried (often by others) about:The nature of their work – for instance, that it’s better to demonstrate a piece of deconfusion workrather than decontamination.The stage of work – i.e. that it’s better to have a demonstration of a redecision rather than a piece ofcontract-making.The type of work – i.e. that it’s more important to demonstrate individual work than groupwork(when, in fact, it’s possible to present three group tapes.); or that you can’t or shouldn’t presentwork with children.The setting of the work – for example, that you shouldn’t present work from a short-term or time-limited setting.These worries are based on assumptions, preferences and prejudices and are neither stated norintimated in the Handbook. Drawing on the preliminary remarks on the written work criteria (Section8.3.3) it makes sense that the tapes are typical or representative of the candidate’s field of applicationand work within that field.Also, as there are a number of different ways of describing and explaining a piece of work – forcomparative guides to which see Woollams and Brown (1978), Sills and Salters (1991), and Tudorand Hobbes (2007, in press) – any title represents a particular narrative and, indeed, in the course ofthe exam, candidates are often asked to explain their work using alternative theory to that initiallypresented, in terms of different traditions within TA. Thus, in preparing a tape extract, and with thebenefit of hindsight and supervision, the work is often construed differently and the title decidedretrospectively.The work should relate to the client or group’s stated contract.

Commentary: This reminds us of the necessity or desirability of congruence or fit between contract,treatment direction or therapy, and outcome. If the contract isn’t stated on the tape extract (which israre), it should be noted on the front sheet (see below), and should be clearly bilateral, and also becongruent with the candidate’s understanding of contract/s (see Sills, 2006).Ideally, the recording should show changes in the client(s) in the direction of the stated goal.Commentary: This is a particularly interesting statement as it begins with a caveat which both setsup an ideal and, at the same time, counsels against perfection (as does the Handbook’s owncommentary following these criteria: ‘You do not have to be perfect’). What’s also important aboutthis sentence is what it says, and what it doesn’t say. Thus:‘changes’ – which are defined only in terms of the goal. They do not refer to a particular changesuch as a shift in ego state, a phrase which has become part of the mythology of what the Handbookis said to say.‘in the direction’ – i.e. towards. The client does not have to arrive or to have arrived at her or hisdestination or goal either during the tape extract or otherwise.

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‘of the stated goal’ – which links this to the previous criteria regarding the client’s contract.Your interventions should be clearly facilitating these changes.Commentary: This criterion is related to the two (above) regarding fluent interactions and effectiveinterventions, and the following one about being clear and directional. The point is that the tapeextract should demonstrate the candidate working in a facilitative way and making a difference withregard to the client’s changes. In effect, this speaks of an active, engaged, intentional process – and,given that the process of facilitating change is rarely a smooth one – of a therapist/practitioner whois able to deal with breakdown or rupture in a process of change in the context of a therapeutic/facilitative relationship or process of relating (see Summers & Tudor, 2000).The segment does not necessarily have to deal with the same subject all the time, but the processdoes need to be clear and directional.Commentary: Following on from the previous point (and the two earlier related criteria), this refersto the desirable qualities of a TA practitioner of being clear (and open) and directional and potent.The first clause about both client and practitioner not having to deal with the same subject all thetime refers to the fact that the subject of the dialogue during the five minutes’ extract may not beentirely focused and directional – which may be a bit of a relief! However the ‘but’ reveals all.Although, strangely, the phrase is written in the passive voice, in effect it is stating that the therapistis expected to demonstrate her or his ability to be clear and directional about the process, whetherthis is the client’s, the therapist’s or the therapeutic process.You do not have to be perfect! The recording may contain elements which, on reflection, you mighthave chosen to do differently, and you should be aware of such points and be able to comment ontheir significance.Commentary: Whilst the first sentence may be read as reassuring, the exclamation mark detractsfrom this reading and stands as an example of gallows’ punctuation. Nevertheless, the main point isthat things ‘you might have chosen to do differently’ and even ‘mistakes’ may be accounted for anddiscussed in the exam. Whilst this is quite permissive, it raises the question of the amount anddegree of mistakes or problematic transactions, examples of which may include: laughter, crying,certain non verbal communications (such as sighs), interruptions and talking over each other, all ofwhich need to be considered when reflecting on the piece of work and in preparing and presentingtape extracts.

Purpose, marking and other criteriaThe purpose of these criteria – and, indeed, this exegesis – is not simply to help candidates selectthree tapes, perfect or otherwise. Ultimately, the purpose of playing the tapes (usually one or two,and rarely all three) is to provide the candidate and examiners with something to discuss in terms ofthe candidate’s actual practice. The extracts and the candidate’s discussion of them, in effect, providesome of the evidence by which the examiners can assess and mark the candidate. In this context it isworth briefly considering the relationship between the selection criteria and the oral examinationscoring criteria (Section 12.7.14 of the EATA Handbook):Only two of these criteria relate directly to the suggested criteria by which tapes are selected, i.e.6. Contracts and Treatment Direction, and 7. Effectiveness.The descriptors for criterion 2. – Establishment and maintenance of an I’m OK – You’re OKrelationship – explicitly refer to ‘evidence of an empathic connection with the client’ as well as to‘understanding of relationship dynamics and the appropriate demonstration of protection, permissionand potency’. Indeed, this is the most explicit statement of criteria by which candidates need toselect tape extracts and, arguably, should appear under those criteria.


Other criteria on the exam scoring sheet are less explicit, but imply that evidence for their fulfilmentis, at least in part, demonstrated by means of the presentations of and discussions about tape extracts:Professional and Personal Identity – which includes reference to ‘awareness of…differences inthe therapeutic relationship.’5. Clarity of client assessment – which includes reference to accurate assessment of situations andissues.9. Capacity for self-reflection – which includes reference to ‘awareness and understanding of ownprocess and its impact on therapeutic intervention.’

ConclusionIn one way or another a number of candidates, examiners, trainers, supervisors and writers havecommented that the TA community is danger of encouraging candidates to overadapt to the examand to examiners and, thereby, of examining for conformity rather than creativity and good,independent practice. From a theoretical perspective which values autonomy, this is clearlyundesirable. It’s also impossible, as no candidate can possibly know who’s going to examine her orhim. This approach is a recipe for trying hard – and failing. In my view the EATA Handbook is clear,and the principal task of the supervisor (principal or otherwise) and trainer is to help the candidateto read, learn and inwardly digest its relevant sections. In this way the candidate develops her or hisown relationship with the criteria, which is independent of and not dependent on her or his supervisor.In my view the most useful answer to the question from a supervisee/trainee: «Is this tape an examtape?» is «Considering the criteria, what do you think?» and to the question «Do you like this tape?»is «It’s not a question of whether I – or, indeed, the examiners – like the tape. It’s your work, notmine.» The most useful question is or should be: «Does this tape extract meet the criteria as stated?»I hope this brief exegesis encourages autonomy, creativity and a freedom of choice and expressionin what is a qualifying examination for the candidate’s independent practice and entry to aninterdependent profession in whichever field of application.

ReferencesEuropean Association for Transactional Analysis Professional Training Standards Committee. (1997)Training and Examination Handbook.European Association for Transactional Analysis Professional Training Standards Committee. (2003)Training and Examination Handbook.Sills, C. (ed) (2006) Contracts in Counselling and Psychotherapy (2nd edn). London: Sage.Sills, C. & Salters, D. (1991) The comparative script system. ITA News, No.31, pp.1-15.Summers, G. & Tudor, K. (2000) Cocreative transactional analysis. Transactional Analysis Journal,30(1), 23-40.Tudor, K. & Hobbes, R. (2007, in press) Transactional analysis. In W. Dryden (ed) The Handbook ofIndividual Therapy (5th edn) (pp.250-80). London: Sage.Woollams, S. & Brown, M. (1978) Transactional Analysis. Dexter, MI: Huron Valley Institute.

by Keith Tudor, TSTA, Sheffield, UK

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Exam Successes

Examinees passing their oral TSTA exams in Istanbul, Turkey on July 26, 2006.

T/STA Successful Examinees: (Exam Supervisor – Charlotte Daellenbach)Tatiana Sizikova TSTA – Psychotherapy from St. Petersburg, Russia (EATA)Colin Brett TTA – Organisational from Seapoint, South AfricaAlison Ayres TSTA – Psychotherapy from Edinburgh, Scotland (EATA)Lis Heath TSTA – Psychotherapy from Penrith, UK (EATA)Jo Stuthridge TSTA – Psychotherapy from Dunedin, New ZealandNoriko Takahashi TTA – Psychotherapy from Sendai, Japan

T/STA Examiners:Jim Allen, Marco Mazetti, Sashi Chandran, Günther Mohr, Charlotte Daellenbach, Rosemary Napper,Jan Grant, Trudi Newton, Julie Hay, Gloria Noriega, Yoen Ishiyama, Gaylon Palmer, Gordon Law,Thomas Steinert, Elana Leigh, Maria Teresa Tosi, P. K. Saru, Servaas van BeekumSr. Anne Maria

CTA-Exams in Florence, Italy, October 6th, 2006Psychotherapy:Claudia Amoruso, Neus Lopez Calatayud, Maria De Franceschi, Anna Massi, Giacomo ViscoCounselling: Beatrice Roncato, Cristina Innocenti, Norma ScacchettiOrganisation: Lidia Calò, Susanna Cesarini

Examiners FirenzeBaroncini Patrizia, Calderone Simonetta, Capoferri Maria Cristina, Casalegno Pinuccia, CasartelliAriela, Ciofani Maria Grazia, Figul Annelie, Garvaglia Fabio, Giovannoli Carla, Giusti Maria Assunta,Granati Orlando, Lorito Rita, Martucci Maurizio, Miglionico Achille, Morena Stefano, ParadisoLoredana, Quagliotti Laura, Rabolini Maria Grazia, Romanelli Pietro, Savastano Immacolata, SisalliGaetano, Tangolo Anna Emanuela, Terzi Giovanni, Ventre Antonio, Ventriglia Salvatore, Vinella PatriziaSylvie Rossi was the exam coordinator,Michele Novellino was the rover, Keith Tudor was the EATA observer.

Successful examinees passing their CTA oral exams in Tokyo, Japan., Oct.10th/11th, 2006:in the field of pschotherapy:Hiroko Ishii , Noriko Kawaguchi, Satoshi Miyagi, Yoko Mori, Yuki Yasui, Ikuko Kin, Kanae Konno-Fujihara, Toshiki Nishizawa, Makiko Uehara,In the organisational field: Yoshinobu KitamuraCTA Examiners:Michiko Fukazawa, Yohen Ishiyama, Noriko Takahashi, Chie Shigeta, Rishun Shinzato, TomokoAbe, Izumi Kadomoto, Naoki Matsui, Kuniharu Ogawa, Ryoko Shimada, Kaoru Mitsuyama, NaokoKidokoro, Yoshiko Suzuki, Ryuta Kanemaru, Nobuyuki Shinozaki, Takayuki Muroki, WataruSuematsu, Servaas Van BeekumExam Supervisor – Elana LeighProcess Facilitator- Servaas Van BeekumTranslators: Ayano Makiya,Kanae Konno-Fujihara,Rishun Shinzato

Congratulations


Exam Successes

Neustadt, Germany, Nov. 17th, 2006

TSTA Education: Heidrun Peters TSTA Psychotherapy: Dr. Christine Kahle

CTA.Psychotherapy: Kiewald, Manfred; Riess-Beger, Dr. Daniela; Schuler de Lorenzo, Alexandra;Piotrowska, Alexandra

CTA-Counselling: Gebs-Baumberger, Birgitt; Gerhardt,Britta;Gerling, Claudia; Habegger, Hans;Isemann, Ina; Jochem, Birgit; Klos, Barbara; Kopfer, Sigrid; Lill, Elena;Oerter, Edith; Paetzold, Eva;Schaich, Lana; Scheu, Jacqueline; Waldmann, Petra; Acs, Eva

CTA-Education: Hansen, Olaf; Köhn, Wiebke; Kraft,Daria; Süßebecker, Katrin; Wissmann, Dorothea;Morsch, Ulrike;Wollanka, Katrin; Hübinger, Isa;

CTA-Organisation: Bürger, Wilfried; Feldhaus, Dr. Reinhard; Hammerer, Renate; Janzen, Nico;

Examiners and other functions:H. Anderegg, R.Balling, A.Becker, M.Bentele; H. Bickel, D. Burke, C. Christoph-Lemke, M. Clausen-Söhngen, W. Cohrs, B. Danzeisen-Bührle, A.Dielmann, J. Dossenbach-Schuler, U. Elbing, L. Fassbind-Kech, L. Fischer, K.Frank, G. Frohme, T. Graetke,J. Gündel, M.l. Haake, H.Hagehülsmann, U. Hagehülsmann, G. Hallstein, J. Hennig, G. Hielscher, S. Hofmeier, K. Horn-Heine,H. Hunter, M. Hunziker-Hansen, R. Ikelaar, W. Jordan, H. Joss, R. Jucker, E. Juhasz, E. Kauka, B.Kessel, H. Kestin, R. R. Kiltz, S. Klingenberg, A. Klöcker, B. Kreuzburg, J. Kreyenberg, F. Liechti,J. Link, T. Lipp, L. Lohkamp, P. Lüthi, K. Marona, P. Matt, F. Mautsch, U. Marwedel,B. Menrad-Killet, N. Nagel, D. Noelle, P. Noelle, C. Pape, M. Paschetto, G. Pelz, H. Raeck, k. Rausch, G.Rodewald, S. Ritzenfeldt-Turner, P. Rudolf, A. Schmale- Riedel, D. Schütt, K.H. Schuldt, H. Schulze,U. Schulz-Wallenwein, M. Sell, U. Sell, D. Sonderegger-Dürst, U. Steiner, A. Steiner-Seiler, T.Steinert, J. Szamosi, B. Taglieber, R. Thiele-Fölsch, D. Verres, W. Vogelauer, I.Voshaar, B. Weber-Hagedorn

Dec. 1st, 2006, Montpellier, France

TSTA education : Marie Claire Kolly, Joelle PeschotCTA Education : Annie Bacquet, Dominique Cassagne, Hélène Dejean, Geneviève DevysCTA Organisation: Marielle de Miribel, Pierre MaleyranCTAPsychotherapy : Pascale Calmes, Jacqueline Goossens, Christine Huillier, Denis Lantoine,Josiane Vanel

Examiners :Elyane Alleysson, France Brécard, Ghislaine Dietlin-Georges, Georges Escribano, Claude Dupin,Hélène Ghiringhelli, Jacqueline Goossens, Michel Guichard, Agnès Le Guernic, Christophe Marx,Monique Maystadt, Jacques Moreau, Gilles Pellerin, Françoise Tachker-Brun, Marie-Christine Seys,Martine WalterExam Supervisor : Isabelle Crespelle

Congratulations

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and therapeutic responsiveness, the "difficult-to-love client", presence, affective attunement, working in regression, developmental attunement,

attachment and differentiation, therapeutic boundaries, and ethical concerns.

Please visit www.integrativeassociation.com to register and for more conference details.

Announcing:

Professional Excellence Workshops Celebrating your excellence in TA!

Coming dates: 2-4 Mar. 2007, 7-9 Sept. 2007

Do you want to enhance your professional skills in TA? Then the P.E.W.s are for you! To all TA professionals, these workshops offer an excellent opportunity for advanced training and supervi-sion. The P.E.W.s – run regularly twice per year since 1992 – have been a “springboard” from which many participants have gone on to gain success in EATA/ITAA examinations, both CTA and T/STA. The workshops have also proved their value as preparation for the EATA/ITAA Training Endorsement Workshop (TEW). The workshop leaders are Alice Stevenson, Ian Stewart, and Adrienne Lee, Teaching and Supervising Transactional Analysts. As a team with fourteen years’ experience of the P.E.W. format, they can offer you an outstanding environment for learning. Workshop format is highly flexible. Activities are tailored contractually to the needs of the participants, and typically include: multi-level supervision ... tape presentation ... discussion of theory and ethics ... practice exams (CTA or TSTA) ... supervised teaching ... personal work.

Venue: Nottingham, England (Mar. ’07) and Sandhurst, England (Sept. ’07). Fee: per 24-hour workshop: £325. Booking deposit: £75. For bookings and further information please contact: Alice Stevenson, Upper Green,

Sandhurst, Hawkhurst, Kent TN18 5JZ, England (tel./fax (+44)(0)1580-850361; email [email protected]); or: The Course Registrar, The Berne Institute, 29 Derby Road, Kegworth DE74 2EN, England (tel/fax (+44)(0)1509-673649; email via www.theberne.com).

PAYMENT: by bank transfer ONLY to EATA- either in British Pounds: Royal Bank of Scotland,189 Camden High Street, London, NW1 7BP, AccountN° 16-0023-10042822, sort code 160023- or in Euro: UBS, Rue du Rhône 8, 1211 Genève 2,Switzerland, Account N° 0279-C2-632 960.5,Bankcode WCH ZH 12B

PAID ADVERTISEMENTS

Size__ Height Width Pounds Euro1 page 265mm 185mm £ 140 Euro 2451/2 page 128mm 185mm £ 70 Euro 1231/4 page 128mm 88mm £ 35 Euro 631/8 page 65mm 88mm £ 20 Euro 36

Workshop advertisements will be accepted only fromAdvanced Members or from members in contractualtraining, in the latter case with the signature of thesponsor.

The ready to scan or to print version should be sent tothe Editor: Jan Hennig, Kapellenstr. 3,

D-63867 Johannesberg e-mail: [email protected]


EXAM CALENDARExam Exam Date Location Appl.Deadline

CTA COC April 2007 York UK Jan. 07COC June 27-28th, 2007 Rome, Italy 27. Mrz 07COC July 5th, 2007 Les Diablerets, Switzerland 05. Apr 07BOC August 8th, 2007 San Francisco, USA 08. May 07COC Nov. 1-2nd, 2007 Paris, France 01.Aug.07COC Nov. 16th, 2007 Neustadt/Weinstr., Germany 01. Aug 07

TSTA COC Nov. 17th, 2006 Neustadt/Weinstr. Germany 01. Aug 06COC July 5th, 2007 Les Diablerets, Switzerland 01. Apr 07BOC August 8th, 2007 San Francisco, USA 08. Feb.07COC Nov. 16th, 2007 Neustadt/Weinstr. Germany 01. Aug 07

TEW COC April 9 - 11th, 2007 York, UK still possibleCOC July 1-3rd, 2007 Les Diablerets, Switzerland 01. Apr 07COC Nov. 18-20th, 2007 Neustadt/Weinstr. Germany 01. Aug 07

EATA-Conference 2007

Les Diablerets, Switzerland, July, 6th - 8th, 2007Theme: The Individual in an ever changing world

* COC CTA exam candidates who are doing the COC written case study must submit it no later thansix months before the oral exam date. Details/application available from the COC Language GroupCoordinators.

Note: Exams subject to availability of examiners/exam supervisors. BOC not responsible forexpenses incurred when unavailability of examiners/exam supervisors causes exams to be canceledor postponed. To be an examiner for an ITAA/BOC exam, examiners must be at least a CTA for a CTAexam or a TSTA for a TSTA exam.To arrange to take a BOC exam, contact the T&C Council, 436 14th St., Ste. 1301, Oakland, CA94612-2710, USA. Note: COC people sitting for BOC exams must forward the equivalent of theEATA fee to the T & C Council office.

To arrange to take a COC exam, contact your EATA Language Coordinator. Check with the EATAoffice or the EATA Newsletter for the name of the appropriate Language Group Coordinator.

TSC Training Endorsement Workshop fee: $450 ITAA members/$600 non-ITAA members payablein US dollars to T&C Council, c/o the T & C Council office, 436 14th St., Ste. 1301, Oakland, CA94612-2710, USA.

COC Training Endorsement Workshop: to take a COC TEW, contact the European TEWCoordinator, Matthias Sell, eMail: [email protected].

Documents

EATA Newsletter...2 EATA Newsletter N 88, F EB. 2007 Editorial In this issue of the EATA Newsletter we present with pleasure two articles from members, that are stimulating in different