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EASA
PRESENTED BY:
Joel Hencks
Thursday, March 26, 2015 | 0835 – 0915
International Operators Conference | San Antonio, TX | March 23 – 27, 2015
EASA Update
• EASA Regulations structure
• TCO authorizations
• SAFA Ramp Checks
• EASA Part NCC
2
Agenda
The EU aviation safety system
National Aviation Authorities Issue most certificates, approvals and
licences
Oversee organisations
Implement EU law
Conduct ramp inspections
European
Aviation Safety
Agency
European
Commission
Adopts implementing rules
Launches infringement
procedure
Manages Safety List
Proposes rules
Adopts AMC, CS, GM
Issues some certificates and
approvals
Performs inspections
Manages European Aviation Safety
Program
Coordinates SAFA program
Industry
Application of Legal Framework
28 EU States to include a number of
European Overseas Territories
+4 EFTA states
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
UK
EASA scope
– Airworthiness and environmental protection of aircraft
– Pilots /Cabin Crew
– Air operations
– Aerodromes
– ATM/ANS and Air Traffic Controllers
TC
TC TC TC CofA
MOA
POA
DOA AML
ATO
FCL
FSTD
ANSP
AeMC/
MED
ATO ADR
CAT
ADR-
OPS
TCO
ATCO
ATO
CC
AeMC/
MED
CAMO
NCC NCO
SPO
European aviation rule structure Basic
Regulation
Airworthiness
Regulation
Initial airworthiness
Regulation
Continuing airworthiness
Flight Standards
Regulation
Aircrew
Regulation
Air operations
Regulation
TCO
ATM/ANS
Regulation
ATCO
Regulation
ANS Providers
Regulation
AUR
Regulation
ATM/ANS Oversight
Regulation
SERA
Aerodromes
Regulation Aerodromes
TCO Authorization
The TCO rules harmonize and streamline the authorization process for TCOs by proposing a single, proportionate and risk-based safety assessment performed by EASA.
The TCO Authorization issued by EASA will become a pre-requisite to exercise operational permits (commercial traffic rights) which will continue to be granted by individual EASA Member States.
Third Country Operators engaged in commercial air transport (CAT) operations must demonstrate to EASA compliance with international (ICAO) standards
Part-TCO Applicability
Applicable to:
• „… any natural person or a legal person holding an air operator certificate (AOC) [or equivalent, issued i.a.w. ICAO Doc 8335] issued in a third country.“
• „… operating an aircraft for the purpose of commercial air transport operation within, into or out of the territory subject to the provisions of the Treaties [of the European Union].“
• Alleviation for ad-hoc, one-off flights for humanitarian or emergency purposes or unforeseen immediate and urgent operational need
Not applicable to:
• TCO flying over the EU territory (without landing)
Authorization – Principles
Applicant TCO: demonstrate ICAO compliance to EASA
• By means of questionnaire, evidence and declarations
EASA: issue TCO Authorization
• in the absence of any significant safety concern pertaining to the State of Operator;
and
• when EASA has established confidence into the AOC of the applicant
TCO Authorizations will be a validation of the underlying AOC
• Not exceeding the privileges of the AOC holder approved by its competent
authority;
• Specifies privileges and scope in associated TCO Specifications
TCO Authorization issued with unlimited duration (non-expiring)
• changes to specifications require prior re-authorization by EASA 9
TCO Authorization Process
10
Key Messages
• Assessment against ICAO Standards (not EU rules)
• Determined by EASA‘s confidence in a foreign AOC
• Validation of foreign AOC within scope of operations specifications
• Member States continue to issue operating permits
• Entry into force: May 26, 2014 / End of TCO transition period: November 26, 2016
• No fees
• TCO Web Interface for all communications
• Two-step application: 1) administrative then 2) technical questionnaire
• Further assessment may be required (additional questionnaire,
consultation, meeting in Cologne)
11
SAFA Ramp Checks
If asked to show documents such as your license, aircraft documents, manuals, flight preparation documents, etc…
A checklist of 54 inspection items is used during a SAFA Ramp Check.
Checks may include:
– licenses of the pilots;
– procedures and manuals that should be carried in the cockpit; compliance with these procedures by flight and cabin crew;
– safety equipment in cockpit and cabin;
– cargo carried in the aircraft; and
– the technical condition of the aircraft.
“How to behave” during a SAFA ramp inspection?
SAFA Ramp Checks
• Defect notification and rectification
• Flight Preparations
• Mass & Balance Sheet
• Charts + data base
• Emergency Exits (Access, lighting & markings)
• M.E.L.
• Manuals and Checklist
• Safety Instructions
• General & External Condition
Main Issues
SAFA Ramp Checks
Categories
1 : no impact on safety - action: information to the captain
2 : May have an effect on safety - action: Information to the authority and the operator
3 : Direct impact on safety - Restrictions or corrective actions
Corrective Actions
• Correction by operator
• Restriction to operations
• Aircraft delayed or grounded
14
Findings & Corrective Actions
SAFA Ramp Checks
• Include Ramp Checks in your Internal Compliance Monitoring Program;
• Critically analyze each RAMP Inspection in order to establish, whether the findings are
justified.
In case they are not justified, set up regulatory arguments for the finding to be
withdrawn or changed and send it to the inspecting authority;
• Identify recurrent findings versus one-time findings
• Identify the root cause of a finding,
By addressing the root cause, the likelihood of problem reoccurrence can be minimized.
• Inform in writing the inspecting authority of each corrective action implemented and
each root cause analysis performed.
• Train your Crews! 15
Follow UP
SAFA Ramp Checks
• Make a positive first impression
• Follow Your Procedures
• Remain courteous, prompt and professional
• Just answer the question. Do not elaborate unless the inspector asks for more info.
• Answer honestly.
• Listen attentively to questions; When in doubt, ask for clarification of the question.
• Know where to find documents and records
Do’s:
SAFA Ramp Checks
• Keep obsolete documents and records
• Allow distractions to the inspection
• Argue
• Bluff
• Ramble
• Criticize
• Use acronyms
• Take short cuts with procedures
Don'ts
EASA Part NCC
Definitions:
• Non-commercial
• Complex Motor Powered Aircraft
Applicable to:
any legal or natural person, operating or proposing to operate one or more aircraft
• engaged in non-commercial operations of complex motor-powered aircraft
• and having its principal place of business or residence in one of the
Member States.
18
non-commercial operations with a complex motor-powered aircraft
19
Annexes applicable to NCC OPS
– Part-ARO: Authority requirements - OPS
– Part-ORO: Organisation requirements - OPS
– Part-CAT: Commercial air transport operations
– Part-SPA: Operations requiring specific approvals
– Part-NCC: non-commercial operations with complex
motor-powered aircraft (CMPA)
– Part-NCO: non-commercial operations
– Part-SPO: specialised operations, e.g. aerial work
‘Cover’ Regulation
Air operations
Annex I
Definitions
Annex II
Part-ARO
Annex III
Part-ORO
Annex IV
Part-CAT
Annex V
Part-SPA
Annex VI
Part-NCC
Annex VII
Part-NCO
Annex VIII
Part-SPO
Question #1
• It depends. If you perform commercial air transport under an Air Operator
Certificate (AOC) (operating aircraft for hire to transport passengers or cargo),
then the answer is yes. If you file flight plans using the flight types “N” or “S” then
you are conducting commercial air transport operations and must hold a TCO
authorization issued by EASA in order to operate to the EU.
21
Is a TCO authorization required by Business Aviation Operators?
Question #2
• Yes. A TCO authorization is required for all commercial air transport flights
to/from European airports (including certain EU overseas territories).
22
Is a TCO authorization required in case of a technical fuel stop at a
European airport ?
Question #3
• Yes. However, operators’ access is limited to their own reports.
• An operator will be able to register only if there is a registered coordinator for its
responsible NAA. Namely, if its country has not yet registered for SAFA, the
operator will not be able to obtain access
23
Can a non EU operator get access to the EU SAFA Database ?