EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Coordination Meeting Falcon 20
instrumentation for HAIC / HIWC AIRBUS, CNRS, BOM 29-30 March 2012
EASA.2011.OP.28 Payload & status HIWC - HAIC
Slide 2
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Motivation to use F20 March
2012EASA.2011.OP.28 Objective: Define the most adequate
instrumental payload for the Falcon 20 in order to fully meet the
objectives of the HIWC / HAIC study. Recall: The main HighIWC
aircraft (G-II) will particularly be instrumented with in-situ
cloud microphysics instruments and focus on the in-situ
characterization of high IWC regions. Our strategy in the HAIC /
HIWC project is: (i) to validate the Doppler cloud radar (on F20)
estimates of IWC in HighIWC regions (retrieved from reflectivity
and Doppler velocity) using the state-of-the-art in-situ
microphysical measurements from G-II and Falcon 20 aircraft. (ii)
then to use the validated radar estimates to take advantage of the
vertical resolution of the cloud radar to extrapolate the IWC &
PSD in situ data (G II & F20 trajectories) for the new icing
envelope calculations. HIWC - HAIC
Slide 3
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any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Falcon 20 and basic instrumentation
March 2012EASA.2011.OP.28 Deployment: Period: Jan 15 Feb 15 2013.
49 flight hours Flights performed in IFR (instrumented flight
rules) mode Airport at Darwin, Australia. Aircraft : Falcon 20 (200
ms -1, 3.5 hours endurance, 12 km ceiling) Limitation to 4 single
pods HIWC - HAIC
Slide 4
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC March 2012EASA.2011.OP.28 CDP AI Nephelometer CAPS Robust
CIP 4 under-wing pods available for best instrumental
configuration. No single instrument covers the range from 1 m to
several mm. Payload alternations are possible during campaign CPI
2D-S Task: choose in situ microphysics instrumentation Optical
spectrometers Particle Imagers Bulk TWC / IWC devices HIWC -
HAIC
Slide 5
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 PSD composition from 2D-S + CIP + PIP (MT-I
data) 10 0 1 2 3 4 -6 10 -4 10 -2 10 0 2 4 Deq(m) #/L/m Merging
different instruments to retrieve total PSD PIP CIP 2DS PSD
composition Pristine range fit (80 m,250 m) Drizzle range fit (250
m,1500 m) Precipitation range fit (1500 m,5000 m) In situ
microphysics instrumentation: Complete PSD March 2012 HIWC -
HAIC
Slide 6
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 What are the requirements for High-IWC
instrumental in situ payload? Measurement of small ice particle
properties (
Slide 7
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 Cloud remote sensing on Falcon 20 : cloud
radar RASTA Sophisticated 94 GHz cloud radar RASTA In-situ
microphysics : Most likely configuration Pod 1: ROBUST Probe
combined to CDP (Cloud Droplet Probe) Pod 2: 2D-Stereo Probe
(10-1280 m; 10 m pixel resolution) Pod 3: CPI Cloud Particle Imager
(10-2300 m; 2.3 m pixel resolution) Pod 4: PIPPrecipitation Imaging
Probe (100-6400 m; 100 m pixel resolution) Fuselage hard points:
Fuselage hard points: Rosemount Aerospace Model 0871LM Series,
Nevzorov Probe Alternative probes: We want to change initial
configuration during campaign!! H HSI High Speed Imaging Probe
(5-2500 m) CPSDCloud Particle Spectrometer with Depolarization
(CPSD) Backup probes: CAS-DPOL, CIP, 2D-Grey, 2D-P, FSSP-100...
March 2012 HIWC - HAIC
Slide 8
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any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Sum up: What does F20 add to HIWC Radar
RASTA: Access to dynamics and macrophysical cloud properties
In-situ: Detailed information limited to aircraft trajectory, use
of radar to extrapolate the in situ data to entire cloud field
(particularly vertical extension) Detailed measurement of cloud
microphysics on a second flight level (first level by G-II)
EASA.2011.OP.28March 2012 HIWC - HAIC
Slide 9
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC RASTA 94 GHz cloud radar (6 antennas):
Doppler velocity measurement 3 radar beams looking down 3 radar
beams looking up Sensitivity: -38 dBZ @ 1 km (down) / -32 dBZ @ 1
km (up) 3D (antenna directions!) wind retrieval (Papazzoni 2010)
Terminal fall speed retrieval Combining reflectivity and fall speed
to retrieve microphysics from cloud radar: IWC, extinction,
effective radius, N T (Delano et al. 2007) Cloud radar RASTA
Specific instrumentation on F20 for HighIWC March 2012 HIWC -
HAIC
Slide 10
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 Comparison allows to check retrieved
microphysical properties from CloudSat / CALIPSO. Cloud radar RASTA
& CLOUDSAT March 2012 HIWC - HAIC
Slide 11
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Specific instrumentation on
F20 for HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 RASTA vertical velocity retrievals
compared to Falcon 20 in situ velocity Cloud radar RASTA In-situ
March 2012
Slide 12
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28March 2012 Do we need PIP size range for
HIWC? - Acquisition of up to 12000 particles/s - On average 40% of
ice crystal mass beyond 1 mm for continental tropical convection
(Megha-Tropiques I, 2010 West Africa) and 20 % for oceanic
convection (Megha-Tropiques II, 2011 Indian Ocean), respectively.
In situ probes HIWC - HAIC
Slide 13
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any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Falcon 20 validation flights
within MT January 2012 EASA.2011.OP.28 Left: PIP probe images over
African continent (2010) Right: PIP probe images over Indian Ocean
(2011) Mixture of graupels and aggregates, due to strong updraft
Much more pristine ice crystals due to moderate updraft 2 mm
Typical ice crystal images in tropical convection 1cm
Slide 14
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any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28March 2012 2DS (10 m resolution) versus CIP
(25 m resolution)? - Good overlap of different probes -
Reconstruction of PSD between 50 and 6400 m - CIP does not
precisely follow 2D-S beyond 200 m - For the moment: no
interarrival time analysis of CIP; only 2D-S! In situ probes HIWC -
HAIC
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authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Falcon 20 validation flights
within MT EASA.2011.OP.28 Interarrival time analysis and PSD
correction for 2D-S Interarrival times (Delta t)
Slide 16
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Results: IWC from radar reflectivity and
F March 2012EASA.2011.OP.28 Mass-diameter relationship: m(D) = D
Area-diameter relationship: A(D) = D = f ( Flight nr. 18 - 2010
Mass-diameter relationship HIWC - HAIC
Slide 17
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Results: IWC from radar reflectivity and
March2012EASA.2011.OP.28 Flight nr. 20 - 2010 Mass-diameter
relationship = f ( Mass-diameter relationship: m(D) = D
Area-diameter relationship: A(D) = D HIWC - HAIC
Slide 18
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any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Conclusions and remarks EASA.2011.OP.28
A selection of adequate Falcon 20 instrumentation will be deployed
within HIWC international F/T campaign 2013 Measurement of small
ice particle properties at least down to 100 m is possible: CPI,
CPSD, . Significant improvement of cloud particle phase
discrimination: ROBUST & RICE probes, CPSD! Enhancement of
capability of total TWC & IWC measurements: ROBUST probe for
the first time on Falcon 20 Important refinements of mass diameter
relationships working on radar in situ closure. Use of ROBUST probe
bulk TWC measurements will enormously help!! Access to GII data
will enhance the valuable dataset March 2012 HIWC - HAIC
Slide 19
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any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC ANNEXE January 2012EASA.2011.OP.28 HIWC
- HAIC
Slide 20
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Specific instrumentation on
F20 for HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 In situ microphysics
instrumentation: Imaging probes March 2012
Slide 21
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Specific instrumentation on
F20 for HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 In situ microphysics
instrumentation: CPI March 2012 plate needles collumns needles
Slide 22
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 Standard FSSP-100 Supercooled waterResponse
to ice In situ microphysics instrumentation: Optical spectrometers
March 2012 HIWC - HAIC
Slide 23
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HighIWCContractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to
any third party without EASA HighIWC Contractors prior written
authorization EASA HighIWC Specific instrumentation on F20 for
HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 Cloud Particle Spectrometer with
Depolarisation (CPSD) The CAS-DPOL / CPSD. Below response of the
depolarization detector as a function of time and particle
diameter. The white trace is the temperature. The color shows the
intensity of depolarization. Higher depolarization indicates higher
probability of ice. Courtsey: Bruce Gandrud Above: CPSD Below: CAS
- DPOL In situ microphysics instrumentation: Optical spectrometers
March 2012 HIWC - HAIC
Slide 24
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authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Specific instrumentation on
F20 for HighIWC EASA.2011.OP.28 ROBUST Probe Principle:
Hydrometeors impact on sensor (4mm half cylinder). The sensor
element is heated in order to maintain a constant temperature,
typically 140 C. The power level set by the control system to
maintain temperature is converted into TWC. Principle : Measures
amount of ice mass accumulation on a metal cylinder. As ice
accretes on the cylinder, frequency of the vibration changes.
Supercooled LWC calculated from vibration frequency variation with
time. RICE Probe TWC LWC IWC = TWC - LWC Combination of Robust and
RICE probes will provide a measurement of IWC. In situ microphysics
instrumentation: Bulk TWC / IWC probes March 2012
Slide 25
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authorization EASA HighIWC HIWC - HAIC Vol 45 Vol 46 Confrontation
des CWC restituer par les 2 mthodes de calculs du pr-facteur Avec
lapproximation des effets de Mie, les CWC sont sous-estimer par
rapport un code plus strict (Boudala). Mais, ils restent
proportionnel lun par rapport lautre ! Forte probabilit
denrichissement de la mesure CWC Nevzorov: Li la position de la
sonde Nevzorov larrire de lAvion (proche fuselage). Pb
supplmentaire: Saturation de la sonde Nevzorov (grand offset non
rglable avec 3g par m3 comme max. CWC, sans offset)! Dispersion
moins importantes pour le Code Mie. 2011