earth_sdcience_20091

8/7/2019 earth_sdcience_20091

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Student Name: EDDIE Yeung

Earth Science

The purpose of this lab is to

acquaint students with rock types found in or near Vancouver

identity and classify igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks

compare and contrast the minerals found in igneous rocks

Section A: Rock type in the Vancouver RegionUsing the the website http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/vancouver/index_e.php, please answer thefollowing questions.

1. What types of rocks are found in Stanley Park, Prospect Point?

Sandstone sedimentary rock

2. What types of rocks are found in Stanley Park, Ferguson Point ?

layered sandstone sedimentary rock

3. What types of rocks are found at Queen Elizabeth Park, Vancouver?

Old basalt igneous

4. What is the Stawamus Chief Mountain, locally known as the Chief made from?

Granite igneous

5. What type of rock is found at Whistler?

Metamorphic

Using the poster Geoscape Vancouver: Living with our Geological Landscape, please answer thefollowing questions.

1. What type of rocks are found at Mount Garibaldi?

Volcanic rock (lave) igneous

2. What type of minerals are found in

a. Granitic rocks?

Granitic rock hosts important copper, nickel, tin, gold, and building stone resources.

b. Metamorphic rocks?

copper, zinc, lead, nickel, silver, and gold.

c. Sedimentary rocks?

It hosts important tar sand, heavy oil, coal, uranium, and groundwater resources.
http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/vancouver/index_e.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/vancouver/index_e.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock


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3. Where are sand and gravel deposits located? WHY???

Rivers flowing into the Strait of Georgia at the end of the ice age left thick sand and graveldeltas where they met the sea. These deltas now lie high above modern sea level because

the land rose after the weight of the glacier ice was removed.

4. If you were downtown Vancouver, and you just kept digging, what would you

find? Please draw the various layers and include dates.

five major rock types in the Vancouver area.

(1) granitic

(2) metamorphic rocks

(3) sedimentary rock (sandstone and shale). Volcanic intrusions

(4) fill fractures within granitic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Younger volcanic

rocks

(5) older granitic and metamorphic rocks.

Each rock type is an aggregate of minerals. The different colour, texture, hardness, porosityand chemistry of each rock type reflects the different type, shape and size of their mineral

constituents.

Section B: Classification and Description of Rock Types


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Using your textbook, rock cycle sheets, rock books & internet please complete the following table. When completing the

classification, please include the following:

Igneous rocks extrusive or intrusive?

Sedimentary rocks clastic, chemical or organic?

Metamorphic rocks foliated or non-foliated?

http://jersey.uoregon.edu/~mstrick/AskGeoMan/geoQuerry13.html

Rock # Name Classification Notes (for your own

use)

1

Granite intrusive, felsic,igneousrock

have a medium- tocoarse-grained

texture.

2

Quartz Diorite igneous, plutonic

(intrusive) rock, offelsic composition,

with phaneritic

texture

grey to black and

fine-grained due torapid cooling of

lava at the surface

of a planet

3

Basalt Igneous rocks

extrusivevolcanic

rock

4

Shale fine-grained, clasticsedimentary rock

composed of mudthat is a mix of

flakes of clay

minerals and tinyfragments (silt-sized

particles)

5

Sandstone sedimentary rock

composed mainly ofsand-sized mineralsor rockgrains

Most sandstone is

composed ofquartzand/orfeldspar

6

Limestone Sedimentary rock

composed largely ofthe minerals calcite

and/or aragonite, are

(CaCO3)

different crystal

forms of calciumcarbonate

7

Obsidian naturally occurring

volcanic glassformed as an

extrusive igneous

rock

It is produced when

felsiclava extruded

from a volcanocools

rapidly without crystalgrowth. Obsidian is

commonly found

within the margins of

rhyoliticlava flows

known as obsidian

flows
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarse-grainedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-grainedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size_(grain_size)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyolitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyolitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarse-grainedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-grainedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size_(grain_size)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyolite


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8

Rhyolite igneous, volcanic(extrusive) rock, of

felsic (silica-rich)

composition

9

Marble metamorphic rock

composed ofrecrystallized

carbonate minerals,most commonly

calcite or dolomite

10

Serpentine Metamorphic,Non-

foliated

major rock forming

mineral and is found

as a constituent inmany metamorphicand weatherigneous

rocks

11

Soapstone metamorphic rock,Non-foliatedto

weakly-foliated;Fine-grained

composed of themineral talc and is

thus rich inmagnesium

12

Rose Quartz essential constituentofgranite and other

felsicigneous rocks.

aused by traceamounts of

phosphate or

aluminium.

macrocrystallinevariety of the

mineral Quartz13 Conglomerate sedimentary rocks

clastic

consisting of

individualclasts

within a finer-grained matrix that

have become

cemented together

14

Pyrite iron sulfide with the

formulaFe S 2

mineral's metallic

lusterand pale-to-normal, brass-

yellow hue have

earned it thenickname fool's

gold
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicahttp://www.galleries.com/rocks/igneous.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luster_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicahttp://www.galleries.com/rocks/igneous.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luster_(mineralogy)


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1. Three common minerals found is granite are feldspar (which may be a white

color), quartz, (which may be a clear crystal) and mica, (which may be a black

crystal. Compare the quartz diorite to the granite please answer the following

questions:

a. Which rock (granite or quartz diorite) has the largest crystals?

About the same .Diorite is another phaneritic igneous rock. Like granite, it

formed by slow cooling inside the crust of the Earth

b. Which rock (granite or quarts diorite) has the greater amount of mica?

Granite. diorite forms deep in the earth's crust from cooling magma - just

like granite. But, the magma does not contain a lot of quartz or the lightcolored minerals that make up the granite. But it contains only dark colored

minerals.Unlike granite, diorite has no mica, or very little, and those are

dark colored. It is coarse grained

2. Is the texture of basalt more fine grained or less coarse grained than granite?

What does this indicate?

The size of mineral grains within an igneous rock depends on how fast or slow it cools off.

Granite forms from magma which cools off very slowly deep inside the crust of the earth,

so as a result it has large crystals

Basalt forms from lava on the earths surface, so it cools off very rapidly. The rapid cooling

does not allow enough time for coarse grained crystals to form within the rock. So as a

result basalt tends to have a finer texture, or smaller grain size.

3. What is the rocks is more fine-grained, limestone or sandstone? How are these

two rocks similar? How are they different?

Sandstone is formed from sediments of small grains, usually quartz. The individual grains

may be visible, and can be loosely cemented. Limestone usually is composed of finer

grained material of calcite originLimestone will react in slightly acidic solutions because of the chemical reaction of calcium

carbonate with acid. Sandstones will not. Sandstone is usually derived from near shoredeposits. Limestone is usually derived from deeper sea deposits.


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4. What is the parent rock of marble? Compare the parent rock sample to marble?

How is it similar? How is it different?

Limestone (parent rock of Marble) sedimentary rock

composed largely of the calcite Like most other sedimentaryrocks, limestones are composed of grains; however, most

grains in limestone are skeletal fragments of marineorganisms

Marble is a rock resulting from metamorphism ofsedimentary carbonate rocks. Primary sedimentary textures

and structures of the original carbonate rock have typically

been modified or destroyed.

Name Marble

Texture

Non-

foliated;

Medium- to

coarse-

grained

Composition Calcite

5 .Compare and contrast soapstone & serpentine. Both a metamorphic rock s

Name SerpentiniteTexture

Non-foliated to weakly-

foliated; Variable grain size

Composition Serpentine

Name SoapstoneTexture

Non-foliated to weakly-

foliated; Fine-grained

Composition Talc
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rock


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Serpentinite composed of one or more serpentine groupminerals. Minerals in this group

are formed by serpentinization

Soapstone (steatite or soaprock) is a metamorphic rock, a talc-schist. It is largely composedof the mineral talc and is thus rich in magnesium.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpentine_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpentine_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium

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