Earth in SpaceEric Angat

Teacher

The study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space

1. What is Astronomy?

2. Why do they build observatories on top of mountains and away from city lights?

Write and define 5 vocabulary words from the movie.

1.24

Share your Vocabulary words

latitude, longitude, San Diego, California, clear sky, stable air, night sky, comets,

eclipses, constellations, galaxies, universe

1.11

3. What can you learn about our planet?

a. the planet in the solar system in terms of distance from the Sun.

b. the largest planet and the largest solid body in the solar system

c. known to life.

Form a statement about Earth.

third

fifth

support

4. What is the Earth's axis?

The Earth rotates on the imaginary line that passes through the North and South poles of the planet.  This line is called the axis

5. What is The angle of the Earth’s Axis?

1 Rotation=24 hours=1 day

6. How long does it take for earth to make 1 rotation?

The ground feels firm and solid beneath your feet. Of course, the Earth is rotating, turning once on its axis every 24 hours. Fortunately gravity keeps you firmly attached to the planet, and because of momentum, you don’t feel the movement – the same way you don’t feel the speed of a car going down the highway. But how fast does the Earth rotate?

Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/26623/how-fast-does-the-earth-rotate/#ixzz25PjTfibM

7. What is the speed of earth in space? Why are we not thrown

to space?

The Earth’s circumference at the equator is 40,075 km. And the length of time the Earth takes to complete one full turn on its axis is 23.93 hours. So 40,075/23.93 = 1,675 km.

Earth’s rotation on its axis causes day and night

8. What causes Earth’s day and night?

1.08

9. Why is it day here and night in the Philippines (Asia)?

10. In what direction does Earth Rotate?

The Earth rotates from West to East or prograde motion.The opposite of prograde is retrograde, or East to West (Venus)

The Earth spins in a counterclockwise ( W-E ) direction on an imaginary line called its axis once every day

Earth's Rotation

11. Why do hurricanes in the Northern Hemisphere spin counterclockwise?

The air masses that make up a hurricane move towards the low-pressure area, pushed by surrounding higher- pressure air. But, because Earth's surface spins at different speeds (faster at the equator, slower near the poles), air doesn't move in a straight line from high to low pressure. http://www.happynews.com/news/

432008/why-hurricanes-spin-counterclockwise.htm

12. Where is sunrise and sunset?

The Sun rises from the East and set on the West

Page 637

Earth's Rotation and RevolutionEarth

rotates on its axis.

Moon’s orbit around the Earth.

Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

Sun

13.What is earth’s revolution?

The movement of Earth around the Sun is called revolution.

(1 revolution=year)

1 Earth’s Revolution= 365 ¼ days

Aphelion Perihelion

14. How long is 1 earth revolution?

Earth’s Revolution

One complete revolution around the Sun is called a Year ( 365 ¼ days)

15. What is a leap year?

Three years of 365 days and the fourth year is 366 days called a “ Leap year ”.

16. Why do we have “Leap year” ?

A leap year is a year in which an extra day is added to the calendar in order to synchronize it with the seasons. Since the tropical year is 365.242190 days long, a leap year must be added roughly once every four years (four times the fractional day gives ). In a leap year, the extra day (known as a leap day) is added at the end of February, giving it 29 instead of the usual 28 days.

YearFebruary 29 – day of the week

2008 Friday2012 Wednesday2016 Monday2020 Saturday2024 Thursday2028 Tuesday2032 Sunday

Leap Years 2008 – 2032

http://www.timeanddate.com/date/leapyear.html

17. What is a Day?1 day = 24 hours, 1month = 1 full moon to another full moon, 1 Earth rotation = 24 hours = day and night 2.08

18. Write and define 10 vocabulary words from the movie.

15.25

Did you Know?

Sound travels about 4 times faster in water than in air.

Diamonds are the hardest substance known to man.

There is a high and low tide because of our moon and the Sun.

The moon is 27% the size of the Earth.

Did you know?

In midsummer in the Arctic it is always daylight and Northern Europe and North America have long summer days.

In Antarctica at this time, it is always night. However, in midwinter it is the other way around. Antarctica has permanent daylight, while the Artic is dark. http://www.facttrain.com/nightandday.html

Why are models important?

Write and define 5 vocabulary words from the movie 2.34

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

diameter (Earth=1) 0.382 0.949 1 0.532 11.209 9.44 4.007 3.883

diameter (km) 4,878 12,104 12,756 6,787 142,800 120,000 51,118 49,528

mass (Earth=1) 0.055 0.815 1 0.107 318 95 15 17

mean distance from Sun (AU) 0.39 0.72 1 1.52 5.20 9.54 19.18 30.06

orbital period (Earth years)

0.24 0.62 1 1.88 11.86 29.46 84.01 164.8

orbital eccentricity 0.2056 0.0068 0.0167 0.0934 0.0483 0.0560 0.0461 0.0097

mean orbital velocity (km/sec) 47.89 35.03 29.79 24.13 13.06 9.64 6.81 5.43

rotation period (in Earth days) 58.65 -243* 1 1.03 0.41 0.44 -0.72* 0.72

inclination of axis (degrees) 0.0 177.4 23.45 23.98 3.08 26.73 97.92 28.8

mean temperature at surface (C) -180 to 430 465 -89 to 58 -82 to 0 -150 -170 -200 -210

gravity at equator (Earth=1) 0.38 0.9 1 0.38 2.64 0.93 0.89 1.12

escape velocity (km/sec) 4.25 10.36 11.18 5.02 59.54 35.49 21.29 23.71

mean density (water=1)

5.43 5.25 5.52 3.93 1.33 0.71 1.24 1.67

atmospheric composition none CO2 N2 + O2 CO2 H2+He H2+He H2+He H2+He

number of moons 0 0 1 2 63 60 27 13

rings? no no no no yes yes yes yes

Ceres Pluto Haumea Makemake Eris

diameter (Earth=1) 0.076 0.1800.110

(average)0.102-0.149 0.188-0.235

diameter (km) 974.6 2,3001,960 x 1,518 x 996

(ellipsoid)1,300-1,900 2,400-3,000

mass (Earth=1) 0.00016 0.002 0.00070 0.00067 0.0028

mean distance from Sun (AU)

2.76596 39.44 43.335 45.791 67.6681

orbital period (Earth years) 4.599 247.7 285.4 309.88 557

orbital eccentricity 0.07976 0.2482 0.18874 0.159 0.44177

mean orbital velocity (km/sec)

17.882 4.74 4.484 4.419 3.436

rotation period (in Earth days)

0.378 -6.38* 0.163 ? > 8 hrs ?

inclination of axis (degrees) 3 122 ? ? ?

mean temperature at surface (°C)

-106 -220 -223 -240 -230

gravity at equator (Earth=1) 0.028 0.06 0.045 0.051 0.082

escape velocity (km/sec) 0.51 1.27 0.84 0.8 1.31

mean density (water=1) 2.077 2.03 2.6-3.3 2 1.18-2.31

atmospheric composition none CH4 none? maybe CH4 maybe CH4

number of moons 0 3 2 0 1

rings? no no no no no

Name Year ofdiscovery

Discoverer Average Distance from Sun Diameter(km)

(AU) (106 km)

Amphitrite 1854 A. Marth 2.55 382.1 240

Camilla 1868 N. Pogson 3.49 521.8 236

Ceres 1801 G. Piazzi 2.77 413.9 918

Chiron 1977 C. Kowal 13.72 2051.9 180

Cybele 1861 E. Tempel 3.43 513.0 246

Daphne 1856 H. Goldschmidt 2.77 413.6 182

Davida 1903 R. Dugan 3.18 475.4 336

Doris 1857 H. Goldschmidt 3.11 465.5 226

Egeria 1850 A. de Gasparis 2.58 385.4 114

Elpis 1860 J. Chacornac 2.71 405.9 174

Eros 1898 G. Witt 1.46 218.4 33

Eugenia 1857 H. Goldschmidt 2.72 407.1 114

Eunomia 1851 A. De Gasparis 2.64 395.5 272

Euphrosyne 1854 J. Ferguson 3.16 472.1 248

Europa 1858 H. Goldschmidt 3.10 463.3 312

Freia 1862 H. d'Arrest 3.39 466.6 190

Hebe 1847 K. Hencke 2.43 362.8 192

Hygiea 1849 A. De Gasparis 3.14 470.3 430

Interamnia 1910 V. Cerulli 3.06 458.1 334

Iris 1847 J. Hind 2.39 356.9 204

Juno 1804 K. Harding 2.67 399.4 244

Kalliope 1852 J. Hind 2.91 435.3 188

Mathilde 1885 Johann Palisa 2.46 290 61

Pallas 1802 H. Olbers 2.77 414.5 522

Psyche 1852 A. De Gasparis 2.92 437.1 264

Sylvia 1866 N. Pogson 3.49 521.5 272

Toutatis 1989 C. Pollas 2.51 375.8 4.6 x 2.3 x 1.9

Vesta 1807 H. Olbers 2.36 353.4 500

yearfound

closest distancefrom Sun (AU)

time to orbitSun (years)

next or most recentpass by Sun

inclination(degrees)

Arend-Roland 1956 0.316 ? ? 119.95

Bennett 1970 0.538 ? ? 90.04

Biela 1772 0.861 6.62 ? 12.55

Borrelly 1904 1.358 6.68 2001 30.3

Brorsen-Metcalf 1847 0.479 70.6 2060 19.33

Chiron 1977 ? 51 2047 ?

Churyumov-Gerasimenko 1969 1.29 6.57 2009 7.12

d'Arrest 1851 1.291 6.38 2001 19.43

Donati 1858 0.578 ? ? 116.96

Encke 1786 0.341 3.31 2003 11.93

Giacobini-Zinner 1900 1.028 6.59 1999 31.88

Grigg-Skjellerup 18081902 (rediscovered) .989 5.09 ? 21.1

Hale-Bopp 1995 0.9143 4000 1997 ?

Halley ? 0.587 76.09 2062 162.24

Hyakutake 1996 0.23 ~30,000 ~31,500 ?

Ikeya-Seki 1965 0.008 880 2845 141.86

IRAS-Araki-Alcock

1983 0.991 ? ? 73.25

Kohoutek 1973 0.142 ? ? 14.31

Lexell 1770 0.674 5.60 ? 1.56

Linear 1999 0.762 ? ? 149

Morehouse 1908 0.945 ? ? 140.18

Mrkos 1957 0.355 ? ? 93.94

Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1908 5.448 15 2004 9.75

Schwassmann-Wachmann 3

1930 .937 5.36 2006 11.4

Shoemaker-Levy 9 1993 collided with Jupiter in 1994

Swift-Tuttle 1862 0.963 120 ? 113.56

Tempel 1 1867 1.5 5.51 2005 10.5

Tempel 2 1873 1.381 5.29 1999 12.44

West 1976 0.197 ? ? 43.07

Wild 2 1978 1.583 6.39 2003 3.2

Wirtanen 1948 1.063 5.46 2013 11.7