Early PeoplesEarly Peoples

Today’s lesson is about Neolithic Today’s lesson is about Neolithic farmers.farmers.

By the end of this lesson:By the end of this lesson:

You will You will knowknow about: about:

Why people Why people changed fromchanged from nomadic nomadic to to permanent permanent farmingfarming

How people looked How people looked after theirafter their crops crops andand animals animals

You will be You will be able toable to::

Identify Identify and and recordrecord information that information that helps you answer a helps you answer a historical questionhistorical question

Use a Use a flow chart flow chart to to help you explainhelp you explain how things how things happenedhappened

Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria

To be successful in today’s lesson you To be successful in today’s lesson you must:-must:-

ThinkThink how you organise information how you organise information

Record Record information information carefully carefully andand accuratelyaccurately

What is a Nomad?What is a Nomad?

A A nomadnomad is is someone who someone who moves from place moves from place to placeto place

Modern day Modern day nomads, like our nomads, like our ancestors, still live ancestors, still live a traditional lifea traditional life

Neolithic NomadsNeolithic Nomads

Neolithic nomads kept cattle and other animals, like Neolithic nomads kept cattle and other animals, like goats and pigsgoats and pigs

Because they lived in one place for several months at a Because they lived in one place for several months at a time they were able to grow some cropstime they were able to grow some crops

Task 1: Using a flow chart to Task 1: Using a flow chart to show how land was cultivatedshow how land was cultivated

Write the side-heading Write the side-heading : : Cultivating New LandCultivating New Land

Make a chart starting Make a chart starting with: A) Land covered with: A) Land covered with trees. Add and with trees. Add and explain as many explain as many ACTIONS as you think ACTIONS as you think it would need to clear it would need to clear the land for farmingthe land for farming

Try to think of at least Try to think of at least 5 actions5 actions

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE

A) Land covered with treesA) Land covered with trees

B) Make fireB) Make fire

C)C)

D)D)

E)E)

F) Land reading to farmF) Land reading to farm

Keeping cattleKeeping cattle

In Summer time the animals would be fed on the In Summer time the animals would be fed on the hillsideshillsides

In Winter only the best animals would be kept In Winter only the best animals would be kept alive. The rest would be killed for their meat, fat alive. The rest would be killed for their meat, fat and skinsand skins

How would they store the meat?How would they store the meat?

How would meat be stored?How would meat be stored?

Before the invention of canning meat could Before the invention of canning meat could still be stored to stop it rotting.still be stored to stop it rotting.

Write down at least TWO ways Early People Write down at least TWO ways Early People might have stored meatmight have stored meat

HINT (we need to keep BACTERIA off the HINT (we need to keep BACTERIA off the meat OR kill it)meat OR kill it)

Growing cropsGrowing crops

The earliest corn came from wild The earliest corn came from wild grasses which people learnt to grasses which people learnt to processprocess..

Permanent HomesPermanent Homes

As animals and crops began to produce As animals and crops began to produce more food our Neolithic ancestors began more food our Neolithic ancestors began to stop being nomads and settled instead.to stop being nomads and settled instead.

Cultivation and Cultivation and DomesticationDomestication

Wheat, barley, beans, peas and Wheat, barley, beans, peas and lentils were all lentils were all cultivated cultivated because because they provided good sources of foodthey provided good sources of food

Cattle, sheep and goats were Cattle, sheep and goats were domesticated domesticated to help make looking to help make looking after them easier.after them easier.

Task 3: Hunter-Gatherer or Task 3: Hunter-Gatherer or Farmer?Farmer?

Some historians and archaeologists Some historians and archaeologists believe that farmer was the best choice for believe that farmer was the best choice for our ancestors, others that being a hunter – our ancestors, others that being a hunter – gatherer was easiergatherer was easier

Draw up a table to help you answer the Draw up a table to help you answer the question:question:

I would have liked to have been a Neolithic I would have liked to have been a Neolithic hunter-gatherer / farmer because…hunter-gatherer / farmer because…

Give at least Give at least 33 reasons for your answer reasons for your answer An example of a table is on the next slideAn example of a table is on the next slide

FARMERFARMER HUNTER-HUNTER-GATHERERGATHERER

Good PointsGood PointsBad PointsBad Points Good PointsGood Points Bad PointsBad Points

What have we learnt?What have we learnt?

That Neolithic people hadThat Neolithic people had reasons reasons for for settling downsettling down

How Neolithic people How Neolithic people looked afterlooked after animals and cropsanimals and crops

OrganisingOrganising ideas before answering a ideas before answering a question means we can question means we can explainexplain our our reasonsreasons