EARLY EXPLORATION REVIEW

WHY DID THEY EXPLORE?

• “God, Gold, Glory”• Portuguese first

went around Africa to get to India• Other Countries

followed suit• Spain• England• Netherlands• France

• Line of Demarcation• Divided the world: All

East belonged to Spain, All West to Portugal

• England and Netherlands began to seek more routes and gain bigger empires

SPAIN

• Christopher Columbus• “Tierra Tierra, los indios”• Actually hit the Bahamas, not India• Took 3 more trips, Spain begins colonizing

• Vasco Nunez de Balboa• Viewed Pacific Ocean

• Ferdinand Magellan• 1522: First to circumnavigate the globe

SPANISH CONQUESTS

• Hernando Cortes• Conquistadors—conquered for Spain• Fueled by rumors of gold and silver• Conquered the Aztecs in 1521• Impact of Disease

• Francisco Pizzaro: Conquers Peru in 1533• Peninsulares: Spanish settlers • Mestizos: mixed Spaniards and Natives• Encomienda: work system: Natives work for Spaniards

SETTLING NORTH AMERICA

• New France: Quebec (Canada), Mississippi River Valley• English: 1607: Jamestown• Puritans: 1620, founded by Pilgrims at Plymouth

• New Netherland (Dutch--What we call New England Now)• England v. Dutch (Gain the East Coast)• England v. France (French and Indian War)• Native response (More Disease )

ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE

• Why Africans?• Immunities to Disease• Farming Experience• Less likely to escape in

new lands• Skin color made it easy to

track

• Nearly 10 Million Africans imported to Americas between 1500-1870• Spain and Portugal

Started ithttp://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/applications/imaps/maps/g5s_u3/index.html

SLAVERY SPREADS

• England dominates trade• Slavery became hereditary

• Triangular Trade: • European Goods to Africa for Slaves, Slaves taken to

America to produce goods, goods like tobacco, sugar and coffee sent to Europe

• Rum for slaves, slaves for molasses and sugar, sugar for rum.

• Middle Passage of transport, poor conditions