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Fresent ten$e Regular verbs A verb is a word that expresses an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. All Spanish verbs belong to one of three different classes, or conjugations, according to the ending of the infinitive-the verb form ending in -ar, -eq, or -ir. FIRST coNJUGATToN: -ar verbs like hablar SECOND CONIUGATTON: -er verbs like aprender THrRD coNJUGATToN: -ir verbs like escribir The present tense is formed by dropping the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and adding the appropriate present tense endings. verbs conjugaied according to the pattems below are called regular verbs. First coniugation: -ar verbs verbs of the first conjugation (-ar verbs) are conjugated like hablar (to speak). SINGUTAR PLURAL FIRST PERSON yo habto nosotros(as) habtamos SECOND PERSON ti hab[as vosotros(as) habtiis THIRD PERSON 6l/elLa/Ud. habta ettos/ettas/Uds. habtan acabar to finish, end aceptar to accept acompafiar to go with, occomp0ny aconsejar to advise ahorrar to sove atquitar to rent apagar to turn off, shut off arregtar to orronge, fix up aumentar to increose averiguar to find out ayudar to help baitar to dance bajar to go down, lower, turn down; to download besar fo krss borrar to erose, delete buscar to look for cambiar to change caminar to walk cantar to sing cargar to lood, upload cetebrar to celebrate cenar to have dinner chartar to chat cocinar to cook colocar to put, place comprar to buy contestar to onswer cortar to cut cruzaf to cross dejar fo Let, leave descargar to downLoad desear to want dibujar to drow disfrutar to enjoy doblar to turn (change diredion) durar to last kontinued) Present tense 3 E Common -ar verbs

E Fresent ten$e - Adkinson Spanish - Home · present (l walk) and the English progressive (l am utalking). Spanish present tense forms also include the auxiliary verb do/does

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Fresent ten$e

Regular verbsA verb is a word that expresses an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. AllSpanish verbs belong to one of three different classes, or conjugations, accordingto the ending of the infinitive-the verb form ending in -ar, -eq, or -ir.

FIRST coNJUGATToN: -ar verbs like hablarSECOND CONIUGATTON: -er verbs like aprenderTHrRD coNJUGATToN: -ir verbs like escribir

The present tense is formed by dropping the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) andadding the appropriate present tense endings. verbs conjugaied according tothe pattems below are called regular verbs.

First coniugation: -ar verbsverbs of the first conjugation (-ar verbs) are conjugated like hablar (to speak).

SINGUTAR PLURAL

FIRST PERSON yo habto nosotros(as) habtamos

SECOND PERSON ti hab[as vosotros(as) habtiisTHIRD PERSON 6l/elLa/Ud. habta ettos/ettas/Uds. habtan

acabar to finish, endaceptar to acceptacompafiar to go with,

occomp0nyaconsejar to adviseahorrar to soveatquitar to rentapagar to turn off, shut offarregtar to orronge, fix upaumentar to increoseaveriguar to find outayudar to helpbaitar to dance

bajar to go down, lower, turndown; to download

besar fo krssborrar to erose, deletebuscar to look forcambiar to changecaminar to walkcantar to singcargar to lood, uploadcetebrar to celebratecenar to have dinnerchartar to chatcocinar to cook

colocar to put, placecomprar to buycontestar to onswercortar to cutcruzaf to crossdejar fo Let, leavedescargar to downLoaddesear to wantdibujar to drowdisfrutar to enjoydoblar to turn (change

diredion)durar to last kontinued)

Present tense 3

E

Common -ar verbs

echar to throwempujar to pushentrar to go in, came in,

enter, inputentregar to hand in,

hond overescuchar to listenesperar to wait (for), hoPe,

expectestacionar to porkestudiar to studyexplicar to explainfeticitar to congrotulotefirmar to signfuncionar to fundion, work

(machine)ganar to eorn, wingastar to spend, wostegrabar to recordgritar to shout

guardar to save (computerfile); to keep, put away

hablar to speakinvitar to invitellamar to calll,tegar to orivel[evar to carrit, wearllorar to crymandar to send, ordermanejar to divemarcar to dial, morkmirar to look atnadar to swimnavegar to surf (the Web)necesitar to needpagar to payparar to stoppasar fo spend (time), posspatinar to skotepintar to paint

practicar to procticepreguntar to ask (o question)preparar to preporepresentar to present, introducequitar to toke owoyregresar to come bock, returnrepasar to reviewsacar to take outsaludar to greettardar to be latetetecargar to lood, uploadterminar to finish, endtirar to throwtocar to play o musicol

instrument; to touchtomar to toke, dinktrabajar to worktrotar to jogusar fo use, weorviajar to travel

Second coniugation: -er verbsVerbs of the second conjugation (-er verbs) are conjugated like aprender(to learn).

SINGULAR PTURAL

FIRST PERSON yo aprendo nosotros(as) aprendemos

SECOND PERSON tti aprendes vosotros(as) aprend6is

THIRD PERSON 61./etl.a/Ud. aprende

SINGULAR

ettos/el.tas/Uds. aprenden

PLURAL

Third coniugation: -ir verbsVerbs of the third conjugation (-ir verbs) are conjugated like escribir (to write)

aprender to leornbeber to drinkcomer to eotcomprender to understandcorrer to run

creer fo believe, thinkdeber to owe; ought, must,

to be supposed toleer to readmeter to put in

prender to turn onromper to breoktoser to coughvender to sell

FIRST PERSON yo escribo nosotros(as) escribimos

SECOND PERSON t0 escribes vosotros(as) escribis

THIRD PERSON

4 Verbs-Forms and Uses

dl./ella/Ud. escribe el,l.os/etLas/Uds. escriben

*r<a-

Common -er verbs

abrir to openaffadir to addasistir to attendcompartir to sharedescribir to descibedifundir to broodcast

discutir to discuss, orgueescribir to witeimprimir to pintinterrumpir to interruptocurrir to happenrecibir to receive

subir fo go up, raise; uploadsufrir to suffertransmitir to transmit;

broadcastvtwr to live

D

D

Verbs of the first conjugation Gar) and the second conjugation Ger) areconjugated alike with the difference that -ar verbs have a in all endingsexcept the yo form and -er verbs have e in all endings except the yo form.verbs of the third conjugation Gir) have i in the endings for nosotros(as) andvosotros(as). The other persons are the same as the second conjugation (-er).

Uses of the presentThe present tense forms of Spanish verbs express both the English simplepresent (l walk) and the English present progressive (l am utalking). Spanishpresent tense forms also include the auxiliary verb do/does that English usesin questions and in negative sentences. Do/does are not expressed in Spanishbefore another verb.

Tocas el piano.

;Navegan Uds. en la Red?

No usamos esta computadora.

You play the piano.You're playing the piano.Do you surf the Net?Are you surfing the Net?We don't use this computer.We're not using this computer.

Questions can be formed in Spanish by inverting the subject and the verb orby changing intonation.

;Trabaian Uds. aquf? I Do you workhere?;Uds. trabajan aqui? I

The present tense can be used to ask for instructions.

;Hablamos del tema ahora? Shall ue talk about the topic now?;Cuindo entrego el informe? When shall I hanil in the report?

The present tense can refer to the future if another element of the sentenceexpresses future time. English often uses the present progressive to indicatefuture time.

Mando el correo electr6nico maflana. I'll send the e-mail tomorrow.Vera cena conmigo el viemes. Vera's haaing dinner with me on

Friday.

Present tense 5

The construction hace + expression of time + que + zterb in the present tense isused to designate actions that began in the past but that continue into thepresent. The question form of this construction is 2Cudnto tiempo haceque... ? The word tiempo is optional.

Hace ocho afios que vivimos aqui. We'oebeen lioinghere for eight years.

Hace + expression of time may also appear at the end of the sentence; que isomitti:d in this case.

Vivimos aqui hace ocho afios. We'oe been lfuing here for eight years.

Another construction used to designate actions that began in the past andcontinue into the present is aerb in present tense + desde hace + expression oftime.To form a question,;Desde cudndo... ? is used.

;Desde cuindo buscas trabajo? How long haoe you been looking fora job?

Busco trabajo desde hace un mes. l'ae been looking for a job for a month.

2Cudnto (tiempo) hace que vivenUds. en esta casa?

En Ia clase de espafrol

How longhaoe youbeen liaingin this house?

e[ modismo rdromtomar apuntes to take notes

En la clase de espafiol Describa lo que Pasa en la clase de espaflol delprofesor Sierra. Escriba oraciones en el presente. Siga el modelo.

y0D[10 los estudiantes I hablar espaflolLos estudiantes hablan espaflol.

9$.

eeLAR

levantar [a manohond

e[ libro de texto

to roise one's

textbook

1. Daniel / pronunciar muy bien

2. nosotros / abrir el libro de texto

3. fi / levantar la mano

4. los estgdiantes / comprender la lecci6n

5. vosotros / tomar apuntes

6. yo / leer el di6logo

7. Isabel y tu / aprender los modismos

6 Verbs-Forms and Uses

t-p,4?

A.

Aaividad I

C/o

eEn esta clase? ;Qu6 va! Describa las cosas que nunca pasan en la clasede la profesora Reyes. Escriba oraciones en el presente. Siga el modelo.

Lo que no se hace en la clasefaltar to be absentmascar chicle to chew gumcopiar en los ex6menes to cheat

tardar en [legar to take long toarive

1. Uds. f coner

2. nosotros / faltar

3. Juan Carlos / mascar chicle

4. Laura y Carmen / hablar por tel6fono celular

5. tu / interrumpir

6. las chicas / beber refrescos

7. Ud. y yo / tardar en llegar

;Qu6 hacen sus profesores? Diga lo que sus profesores hacen o no hacenen la sala de clase escogiendo frases de la columna B para completar lasfrases de la columna A. Siga el modelo.

A1. Mi profesor de historia...2. Nuestra profesora de quimica...3. Nuestros maestros de matem6ticas...4. Las profesoras de espaflol...5. Mi profesora de mrisica...6. El profesor de inform6tica...

Ba. ensefrar bienb. guardar datosc. preparar exdmenesd. esperar mucho de nosotrose. escribir problemas en Ia pizarraf. pasar listag. colocar sus libros en el escritorioh. calcular las notas todos los diasi. hablar de las guerrasj. navegar en la Redk. discutir sus ideasl. tocar el piano

Present tense 7

Aaividad I

Aaividad l

l{0DIL0 los estudiantes / gritarLos estudiantes nunca gritan.

XoDtlO Mi profesor de ingl6s... hablar en voz altano interrumpir

Mi profesor de ingl6s habla en voz alta.a sus estudiantes

Mi profesor de ingl6s no interrumpe a sus estudiantes.

IH!.8,

tft*

L.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

ll,as quince primaveras! Cecilia celebra su cumpleaflos con una fiesta ensu casa. Para saber c6mo es, complete el p6rrafo con la forma correcta delpresente de los verbos indicados.

Los padres y los hermanos de Cecilia

(planear) Ia fiesta. La mam6 (cocinar) los platos

favoritos de Cecilia y (comprar) una torta de

chocolate. El padre y los hermanos de Cecilia

(colocar) globos y una piflata en la sala. Cecilia5

(Llegar) la hora de(invitar) a todos sus amigos.6

Ia fiesta. Paula, la mejor amiga de Cecilia,7

(llegar) primero.(vivir) al lado yDurante la fiesta, todos (comer),

9

(beber) y

(bailar). Juan PedroII

(tocar) el piano y

los otros amigos (cantar). Mientras

Cecilia (abrir) los regalos que

(recibir), su padre

(sacar) fotos. Los invitados

(felicitar) a la cumpleaflera.

t2

t5

l6

t7

8 Verbs-Forms and Uses

4,4a-

Attividad I

Las quince pimaveros es como el cumpleafios diecisdis que sellamo sweetsixteen en Estados Unidos, es decin un cumpleafios especial. En muchos paiseshispdnicos las chicas suelen celebrar el cumpleofios quince a lo grande. Muchoschicas hispanas en Estodos llnidos celebran los quince tambidn con una.gronfiesta en el sal6n de boile de un hotel. Es como un baile formol con misica,comida y muchos invitados. l|n suefio hecho realidad como se ve en estecomentaio de una quinceafiera que vive en Estados unidos: <<como todas lasnifios de mi dpoca, y de mi culturo, la cubano, sofi6 con mi fiesta de quince quetan lejana porecia cuando ero pequefia. Al fin, iba o cumplir quince ofios, que enla cuba antes de mi madre, los cronistas sociales llamoban la edad de rosa.>

;Un lio telef6nico! Mario necesita llamar a su novia para decirle que nopuede llegar a su casa a las siete. Para saber lo que pasa, escoja loJverboscorrectos de la lista y escribalos con la forma correcta del presente.

marcardeberdecidir

1-2. Mario

contestar meterbuscar quedaresperar desear

creer dejarfuncionar tardarcomunrcar

(wants) llamar a su noviaIsabel para decirle que

(looks for) una cabina

para su cita.

telef6nica.3. El

4.

5-6. Mariouna en la esquina.

una moneda yel nrimero de tel6fono.

7. (Ellos) no

&-10. Mario

que

Pero la contestadora no

Mario13-14. Esta vez parece que (ellos)

o

en casa de Isabel.

(thinks)

dejar un recado yescuchar la contestadora.

11.

12. otra moneda.

correr a casa de Isabel!15. ;Por fin, Mariodescolgado.

Present tense 9

Adiuidad t