Abstracts 301

different systems which in principle may be used for the production of thermonuclear energy. The problem of an initial material choice for a thermonuclear generator is analysed.

Different tvnes of magnetic traps in which the function of containing the heated plasma belongs entirely to external magnetic fields, are discussed. Typical versions of such systems can be divided into two categories:

1. Traps based on the adiabatic invariance principle.

2. A trap with a varying magnetic field. Different methods are presented of obtaining

matter heated to a very high temperature in such systems (by the injection of ions, by the injection of plasma, by heating with a high frequency magnetic field based on the cyclotron resonance, etc.).

P/2212. Plasma Stabilization by Means of Non- uniform Magnetic Fields. B. B. KADOMTSEV and S. I. BRAGINSKY (U.S.S.R.).

This paper concerns the problem of plasma stabilization by means of non-uniform magnetic fields and guide conductors.

It is shown that compensation of toroidal drift of particles may be obtained, by applying periodic variation to longitudinal field. The stable equilibrium state of plasma in the systems of such type has been shown by means of hydrodynamic consideration.

A new method of plasma boundary stabiliza- tion, whose pressure is balanced by magnetic field has been proposed. Variational principle for small oscillations of plasma has been obtained and conditions for its stability have been found. Equilibrium stable configurations of plasma in the system with guide conductors have been determined. Problem concerning possibility of utilizing these systems for obtaining thermo- nuclear reactions has been discussed.

P/2213. Plasma Radiation in a Magnetic Field B. A. TR~JIWIKOV and V. S. KUDRIAVTSEV (U.S.S.R.).

A review of some experiments on plasma radiation in a magnetic field is presented.

Betatron radiation of a plasma flat layer in the presence of a magnetic field parallel to the layer boundary has been calculated. The degree of plasma radiation confinement necessary for self- sustaining the thermonuclear reaction has been shown to be reached only if the layer is large A function of electron distribution in plasma has been calculated for the casts of electrons obtaining energy in the result of collisions with high-tempera&e ions and radiating it when moving in the magnetic field. The stationarv process has been iniestigated; a function of the distribution of electrons with energy considerably

R

exceeding the mean energy has been calculated. Plasma is considered to be fully transparent.

A general expression for the dielectric constant of relativistic plasma in a magnetic field has been obtained. Absorption coefficients of ordinary and extraordinary waves for high temperatures have been determined.

P/2214. Dynamics of Rare Plasma in a Magnetic Field. R. Z. SACDEEV, B. B. KADOMTSEV, L. I. RUDAKOV and A. A. VEDENOV (U.S.S.R.).

The paper outlines the results of a number of theoretical works in which the plasma motion in a high magnetic field was investigated. The research was carried out both with the kinetic equation with self-consistent fields and in hydrodynamic approximation; the relationship between these two lines of approach is discussed. A new kind of plasma instability at temperature anisotropy has been found. The existence of such instability results in a disturbance of the homo- geneous medium and in some effective energy redistribution of the longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom associated with co-operative motions. Criterion for arising such instability at the adiabatic compression of plasma cylinder with a longitudinal magnetic field has been obtained.

Approximate motion equations for the case of plasma at a pressure much less than that of the magnetic field have been obtained. The problem of plasma equilibrium and stability has been considered. Non-linear effects in the rare plasma dynamics and the influence of collisions are discussed.

P/2215. Interaction Between Alternating Electro- magnetic Fields and High-temperature Plasma. S. M. OSOVETZ, R. Z. SAGDEW, B. A. TRUBWKOV, V. D. SHAFRANOV, T. F. VOLKOV and L. I. R~~DAKOV (U.S.S.R.).

The paper is a review of a number of theoretical works in which the possibility of using alternating electromagnetic fields for obtaining controlled thermonuclear reactions is discussed.

Equilibrium of a number of the simplest configurations and their stability has been investigated with the help of hydrodynamic equations. ‘Single-particle” approach has been considered on the basis of kinetic equation without collisions, setting limits of use of hydrodynamics.

Considerations are disclrssed concerning energy value and possible technical difficulties which may occur at an attempt of rcaliration of plasma thermo-insulation with varying fields.

Various methods of plaimaYheating by means of alternating fields have been considered on the basis of analysis of given mechanism of electro- magnetic oscillation energy absorption in plasma.