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Dungeness Crab Fisheries & Biotoxins
Informational Report
Caren BrabyODFW Marine Resources Program Manager
Image: NOAA (July 2015)
Stephanie PageODA Food Safety Program Director
Outline
• Biotoxins sources & detection
• Biotoxin events and crab fishery impacts
• 2016-2017 season recap
• Planning future management actions
2
Biotoxin Type: Paralytic
Shellfish
Poisoning (PSP)
Amnesic
Shellfish
Poisoning (ASP)
Diarrhetic
Shellfish
Poisoning (DSP)
Microscopic
Phytoplankton:
Caused by: Dinoflagellate
Alexandrium spp.
Diatom
Pseudo-nitzschia
spp.
Dinoflagellate
Dinophysis spp.
Toxin Produced: Saxitoxin
(Neurotoxin)
Domoic Acid
(Neurotoxin)
Okadaic Acid
(Cytotoxin)
Alert Action Level: ≥ 80 µg/100g tissue ≥ 20 ppm in tissue
≥ 30 ppm in viscera
≥ 16 µg/100g
tissue
Marine Biotoxins along the West Coast
3
Types of Marine Biotoxin Monitoring
Shellfish Sampling & Tissue
Regulatory Biotoxin Testing
Phytoplankton/Water
Monitoring
(Fish & Wildlife Agencies)
• Crab testing
– Pre-season
– In-season
• Clam/mussel testing
– Year-round
• No permanent program
to monitor in OR
• Research/Federal/State
collaboration
4
5
HABs & West Coast Shellfish Closures
2015
West Coast Dungeness Crab Season Delayed
Dec 2015
6
Oregon/WashingtonDungeness Crab Season Delayed
Dec 2016
7
OregonIn-Season Domoic Acid Detection
Feb 2017
8
Current Biotoxin Regulatory Framework
• Food & Drug Administration, domoic acid:
– ≥ 30 ppm in viscera, ≥ 20 ppm in tissue
• Oregon Department of Agriculture
– Advises ODFW to open/close fisheries
– Crab Sampling Protocol:
• Pre-season test, in-season tests when needed (elevated levels)
• 1 sample over threshold (1 crab) requires action
• 2 subsequent clean tests required to reverse action
– Samples taken 7 days apart – 14 days minimum
– Management action – evisceration or closure
9
2016-2017 Season
• Season start delay
– Industry recommended conservative coastwide
delay, to protect consumer faith in product
– Split opener
• Coos Bay-CA Border (12/18/16)
• Coos Bay-WA (1/1/17)
– Fishing further delayed by price negotiations to 1/9/17
10
2016-2017 Season
• In-season detection
– Collected: 1/25/17 (North of Coos Bay)
– Results: 1/31/17 (36 ppm; 6 ppm over)
• Management response
– Rules for soft closure (close over 7 days) (2/2/17)
• Effective date 2/10/17
• Gear to remain in non-fishing state (open, unbaited)
– Rules for extended use of evisceration (2/8/17)
– Rules for unrestricted harvest (2/10/17)
• 2nd clean test, full reopening
11
Impacts of management action
• Costs to industry ($$$)
– Evisceration required for inventoried product
– At-sea work required to run gear
– Live crab wastage
• Confusing requirements for industry
response
– Regulatory intent, enforceability and industry
logistics were at odds
– Tracking seafood vs. recall
12
Planning future management action
• Crab Biotoxin Rules Advisory Committee
– ODA, ODFW, ODCC collaborative process
– June 20, July 20, Aug 15 meetings
– Advise on ODA rules, mirrored ODFW rules
– Goal: Allow fishing when biotoxins are present,
by specifying how to protect public health first
• Rules (or temporary rules) in place for
December 2017 season start
13
West Coast
Pseudo-nitzschia
cell counts
May 2017
• Bloom has started this
year both offshore and
on beach
• Warm water (2017-
2018 El Nino) will
facilitate blooms
• HABs/biotoxins will be
a “normal” part of
crab/shellfish
management in future
14
Questions?
15
Rules Advisory Committee Members
Name Affiliation Port
Andrew Bornstein Bornstein Seafoods Astoria
Cari Brandberg Living Pacific Seafood; Chelsea Rose Seafood Newport
Robert Browning FV Lady Lee Garibaldi
John Corbin FV Buck & Ann; FV Southeast Astoria
Holly Dahl BC Fisheries Brookings
Scott Kastengren FV Sunset Charge Astoria
Mike Lane FV Morning Star Charleston
Brian Nolte FV Dynamik Brookings
Joel Purkey FV Alice Faye Port Orford
Dave Wright Pacific Seafood Newport
Justin Yager FV Eddie & Rod; FV Sarah Belle Newport
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