V. DRUG STUDY

MULTIVITAMINS + ZINC

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Multivitamins + Zinc (Vigor Ace)

Vitamins and/or Minerals

1 cap OD PO Vigor-ACE provides the synergistic actions of protective biologic antioxidants: Vitamins C and E, and selenium. Vitamin E protects the cell membranes against damage by preventing the formation of lipid hydroperoxides. Vitamin C and the selenium-containing enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, inactivate these oxidizing agents, thus maintaining the integrity and stability of the cell membrane structures.

Vigor-ACE also provides vitamin A and zinc to help stimulate and maintain nucleoprotein synthesis which is important in

Nutritional supplement to support active functioning in adults & to help restore vitality in aging & convalescing patients.

May be taken with or without food (May be taken w/ meals for better absorption).Use in pregnancy: The safety of routine use of >6000 units of vitamin A daily and selenium supplementation in pregnant women has not been established.

cellular maintenance and repair. The incorporation of lecithin, a lipotropic agent, in Vigor-ACE, supports normal functioning of the cells by enhancing the mobilization of fats and their subsequent conversion into energy or specific tissue elements.

Combining specific cell-protective and nutrient factors, once-a-day Vigor-ACE helps restore and maintain general well-being, strength and vitality.

V. DRUG STUDY

CIPROFLOXACIN

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic (Quinolones)

200 mg/ q 12o No test IV

Ciprofloxacin promotes breakage of double-stranded DNA in susceptible organisms and inhibits DNA gyrase, which is essential in reproduction of bacterial DNA.

Susceptible infections

Hypersensitivity. Not to be used concurrently with tizanidine. Avoid exposure to strong sunlight or sun lamps during treatment.

GI disturbances; headache, tremor, confusion, convulsions; rashes; joint pain; phototoxicity. Transient increases in serum creatinine. Haematological, hepatic and renal disturbances. Vasculitis, pseudomembranous colitis and tachycardia. Phototoxicity.Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactoid reaction; cardiopulmonary arrest.

May be taken with or without food. (May be taken w/ meals to minimize GI discomfort. Do not take w/ antacids, Fe or dairy products.)Epilepsy, history of CNS disorders; severe renal or hepatic dysfunction; G6PD deficiency; maintain adequate hydration; myasthenia gravis. Caution when used in patients with QT prolongation or risk factors e.g. bradycardia, pre-existing cardiac disease or uncorrected electrolyte disturbances. Discontinue treatment if patients experience tendon pain, inflammation or rupture. Avoid

usage in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections due to high level of resistance. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Safety and efficacy have not been established in pregnant and lactating women. Not to be used in children <18 yr; except where benefit clearly exceeds risk.

V. DRUG STUDY

TRIMETAZIDINE

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Trimetazidine Anti-Anginal Drugs

35 mg 1 tab BID PO

Trimetazidine is a cellular acting anti-ischemic agent. It has 3 main properties by which it acts as a cytoprotective agent. It inhibits the anaerobic glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism, thus allowing only aerobic glycolysis. This action helps to restore the energy balance in the cell. It inhibits acidosis and free radical accumulation in the cell. All these action help the cell to restore the normal ionic and metabolic balance.

Angina pectoris Hypersensitivity. Pregnancy and lactation.

GI disturbances, vomiting, nausea.

Should be taken with food.

V. DRUG STUDY

ASA (ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID)

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspilet)

Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets & Fibrinolytics (Thrombolytics)

80 mg 1 tab OD PO

Platelet aggregation inhibitors excluding heparin.

Reduction of atherosclerotic events (MI, stroke or vascular death) in patients w/ atherosclerosis documented by recent stroke, MI or established peripheral arterial disease.

Asthma, rhinitis & nasal polyps. History of active peptic ulcer disease. Hypersensitivity.

Fever, hypothermia, thirst. Dysrhythmias, hypotension, tachycardia. Agitation, cerebral edema, coma, confusion, dizziness, headache, subdural or intracranial hemorrhage, lethargy, seizures. Dehydration, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, resp alkalosis, dyspepsia, GI bleeding, ulceration & perforation, nausea, vomiting, transient hepatic enzyme elevations, hepatitis, Reye's syndrome, pancreatitis. Prolongation of prothrombin time, disseminated intravascular coagulation, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia. Acute anaphylaxis, angioedema, asthma, bronchospasm, laryngeal edema,

Should be taken with food (Take immediately after meals w/ a full glass of water unless patient is fluid-restricted. Swallow whole, do not chew/ crush/ bite the tab. ).Heavy alcohol consumption. Hemophilia, vit K deficiency or liver disease. Do not use 1 wk prior to & during labor, delivery & any surgery. Severe renal & hepatic insufficiency. 3rd trimester of pregnancy & lactation. Avoid use in childn or teenagers for viral infections w/ or w/o fever for risk of Reye's syndrome.

urticaria. Hearing loss, tinnitus. Prolonged pregnancy & labor, stillbirths, low birth wt infants, antepartum & postpartum bleeding. Hyperpnea, pulmonary edema, tachypnea. Interstitial nephritis, papillary necrosis, proteinuria, renal insufficiency & failure. Rhabdomyolysis. Hypo/hyperglycemia.

V. DRUG STUDY

CETIRIZINE

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Cetirizine Antihistamines & Antiallergics

10 mg tab OD at bedtime PO

Cetirizine is a potent and highly selective antagonist of the peripheral histamine H1-receptor on effector cells in the GI tract, blood vessels and respiratory tract.

Allergic conditions

Hypersensitivity; lactation.

Somnolence, insomnia, malaise, headache, dizziness; GI discomfort, dry mouth, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting; occasional hypersensitivity; epistaxis, pharyngitis, bronchospasm.

Hepatic or renal impairment; elderly; tasks requiring mental alertness eg, driving or operating heavy machinery; pregnancy.

V. DRUG STUDY

FERROUS + FOLATE

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Ferrous + folate (Fortifer FA)

Vitamins & Minerals / Antianemics

1 cap OD PO Prevention & treatment of Fe-deficiency anemia & folate deficiency

GI irritation. Should be taken on an empty stomach (Best taken between meals. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.).

V. DRUG STUDY

CIPROFLOXACIN

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic (Quinolones)

500 mg 1 tab/cap BID PO

Ciprofloxacin promotes breakage of double-stranded DNA in susceptible organisms and inhibits DNA gyrase, which is essential in reproduction of bacterial DNA.

Susceptible infections

Hypersensitivity. Not to be used concurrently with tizanidine. Avoid exposure to strong sunlight or sun lamps during treatment.

GI disturbances; headache, tremor, confusion, convulsions; rashes; joint pain; phototoxicity. Transient increases in serum creatinine. Haematological, hepatic and renal disturbances. Vasculitis, pseudomembranous colitis and tachycardia. Phototoxicity.Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactoid reaction; cardiopulmonary arrest.

May be taken with or without food. (May be taken w/ meals to minimize GI discomfort. Do not take w/ antacids, Fe or dairy products.)Epilepsy, history of CNS disorders; severe renal or hepatic dysfunction; G6PD deficiency; maintain adequate hydration; myasthenia gravis. Caution when used in patients with QT prolongation or risk factors e.g. bradycardia, pre-existing cardiac disease or uncorrected electrolyte disturbances. Discontinue treatment if patients experience tendon pain, inflammation or rupture. Avoid

usage in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections due to high level of resistance. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Safety and efficacy have not been established in pregnant and lactating women. Not to be used in children <18 yr; except where benefit clearly exceeds risk.

V. DRUG STUDY

OMEPRAZOLE

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Omeprazole (Omepron)

Antacids, Antireflux Agents & Antiulcerants

20 mg 1 cap OD PO

Suppresses gastric secretion by inhibiting hydrogen/potassium ATPase enzyme system in the gastric parietal cell: characterized as gastric acid pump inhibitor, since it blocks the final step of acid production.

Active duodenal ulcer & GERD w/ erosive esophagitis

Hypersensitivity to omeprazole or to any components of Omepron.Lactation and children.Combination therapy with clarithromycin should not be used in patients with hepatic impairment.

Constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting & acid regurgitation. Abdominal pain, asthenia, headache, dizziness, rash.

Symptomatic response to therapy does not rule out presence of gastric malignancy. Pregnancy & lactation.If patient will experience anorexia, small frequent meals may help maintain adequate nutrition.Caution patient to avoid alcohol, salycilates, ibuprofen: may cause GI irritation.

V. DRUG STUDY

RADIX GENTIANAE

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Radix Gentianae (Sinupret)

Other Drugs Acting on the Respiratory System

1 tab TID PO Acute & chronic inflammations of the sinuses & the resp tract; supplementary measure in antibacterial therapy.

None known to date.

Hardly ever, stomach intolerance.

May be taken with or without food

V. DRUG STUDY

ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE

Name of DrugGeneric (Brand)

Classification Dose/Frequency/

Route

Mechanismof Action

Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Precaution

Isosorbide Mononitrate

Anti-Anginal Drugs

Isosorbide mononitrate relaxes vascular smooth muscles by stimulating cyclic-GMP. It decreases left ventricular pressure (preload) and arterial resistance (afterload).

Long-term management of angina pectoris and heart failure.

Severe hypotension or anaemia, hypovolaemia, heart failure due to obstruction, or raised intracranial pressure due to head trauma or cerebral haemorrhage.

Hypotension, tachycardia, flushing, headache, dizziness, palpitation, syncope, confusion. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. Restlessness, weakness and vertigo. Dry mouth, chest pain, back pain, oedema, fatigue, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, dyspepsia and flatulence.Potentially Fatal: Severe hypotension and cardiac failure.

Should be taken on an empty stomach (i.e. At least one hour before food or two hours after food).Severe renal or severe hepatic impairment, hypothyroidism, malnutrition, or hypothermia. Caution in patients who are already hypotensive. May aggravate angina caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Tolerance may develop after long-term treatment. Lactation.