Druckschrift 99810560, Combiners and Filters for FM ... · Today there is a team of antenna and mechanical engineers dealing exclusively with broadcast transmitting systems. Customers

BCACombiners and Filters for FM Broadcast and TV Systems

ABRIDGEMENT

Please note:As a result of more stringent legal regulations and judgements regarding product liability, we areobliged to point out certain risks that may arisewhen products are used under extraordinaryoperating conditions.

Extraordinary operating conditions, such as exceptionaldynamic stress (e.g. strain caused by oscillating support structures), may result in decline in technicalperformance.

Installation teams must be properly qualified andalso be familiar with the relevant national safetyregulations.

Photo on title page: FM Multipattern Combiner, 3x 10 kW

Catalogue Issue 02/2007

All data published in previous catalog issues hereby becomes invalid.We reserve the right to make alterations in accordance with the requirements of our customers, therefore for binding datas please check valid datasheets!

KATHREIN-Werke KG . Phone +49 80 31 184-0 . Fax +49 80 31 184-495Anton-Kathrein-Straße 1 – 3 . P.O. Box 10 04 44 . D-83004 Rosenheim . Germany

Internet: http://www.kathrein.de

“Quality leads the way”As the world’s oldest and largest antenna manufacturer, we live up to claim “Qualityleads the way” on a daily basis. One of the fundamental principies is to always be onthe lookout for the best solution for our customers.

Our quality assurance system and our environmental management system apply to theentire company and are certified by TÜV according to EN ISO 9001 and EN ISO 14001.

3

Contents

Page

Who we are 4

Band II (FM)87.5 – 108 MHz 5 – 13

Band III (VHF)174 – 230 MHz 14 – 17

Band IV/V (UHF)470 – 860 MHz 18 – 19

Further Components 20 – 21

Customized Design 22 – 23

Technical Annex 24 – 29

4

Who we are

Kathrein-Werke KG, founded in 1919 in Rosen-heim (Germany), is an international enterprise,active in antenna and communications technology.

Since the early 1960’s Kathrein-Werke KG hasbeen supplying professional combiner systems of all sizes to broadcasters in every part of theworld – from Canada to China and from Norway toSouth Africa.

Right from the start Kathrein-Werke KG hasmaintained a high level of engineering capability.Today there is a team of antenna and mechanicalengineers dealing exclusively with broadcasttransmitting systems.

Customers are welcome to take advantage of the technical expertise available from Kathrein-Werke KG and to discuss their specific require-ments. If your needs cannot met with our standardcomponents we are prepared to developcustomized solutions for you.

Kathrein-Werke KG quality management system is certified in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9001.This certification includes manufacturingoperations as well as design processes.

As a result of the introduction of the EnvironmentManagement System according DIN EN ISO14001 environmental protection is beeingsystematically integrated into the corporationentire process chain.

5

Type No. 719 118

Technical Data

Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHzInsertion loss (1 < 0.7 dBVSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 100 WTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7-16 femaleMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)

Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)Weight 12 kgDimensions (l x w x h) 460 mm x 312 mm x 100 mmPacking size (l x w x h) 550 mm x 360 mm x 160 mm

(1 Insertion loss value apply to standard tuning with 3-dB bandwidth of about 1.250 kHz.

Band-pass Filter87.5 ... 108 MHz, 100 W

Band-pass filter can be used– for improving the input selectivity of receivers and

amplifiers– for increasing the isolation of transmitters where

respective antennas are close together– for suppressing noise side bands and intermodulation

products– as a component in the construction of combiners

Design and ConstructionThe band-pass filter is made of three capacitivelycoupled resonators. The operating frequency, thecoupling between the resonators and also the input andoutput couplings are adjustable.The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, no ventila-tors are required.The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are part of the delivery extent.

719 118 FM Band-pass filter, 100 W

0

40

30

20

10

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 f 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5

5

0

4

3

2

1

-0.4 -0.2 f 0 +0.2 +0.4-0.8 -0.6 +0.6 +0.8 +1.0-1.0

50

Atte

nuat

ion/

dBA

ttenu

atio

n/dB

Frequency/MHz

Frequency/MHz

6

Type No. 728 726

Technical Data

Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHzInsertion loss (1 < 0.25 ... 0.5 dBVSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 3 kWTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7/8″ EIA-flangeMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)

Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)Colour RAL 7032 (grey)Weight 55 kgDimensions (l x w x h) 680 mm x 220 mm x 1320 mmPacking size (l x w x h) 720 mm x 300 mm x 1500 mm

(1 Insertion loss value with standard tuning will be approx. 0.35 dB; refering 3-dB bandwidth is 900 kHz.

Band-pass Filter87.5 ... 108 MHz, 3 kW


amplifiers– for increasing the isolation of transmitters whose



Design and ConstructionThe band-pass filter is made of three capacitivelycoupled, temperature stabilised resonators. Theoperating frequency, the coupling between theresonators and also the input and output couplings areadjustable.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundingsvia heat sinks. The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, so no ventilators are required.The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are part of the delivery extent.

728 726 FM Band-pass filter, 3 kW

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 f 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5

5

0

4

3

2

1

-0.4 -0.2 f 0 +0.2 +0.4-0.8 -0.6 +0.6 +0.8 +1.0-1.0

50

0

40

30

20

10Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

7

Type No. 730 150

Technical Data

Band-pass Filter87.5 ... 108 MHz, 5 kW


amplifiers– for increasing the isolation of transmitters whose



Design and ConstructionThe band-pass filter is made of three capacitivelycoupled, temperature stabilised resonators. Theoperating frequency, the coupling between theresonators and also the input and output couplings areadjustable.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundingsvia heat sinks. The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, so no ventilators are required.The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are part of the delivery extent.

Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHzInsertion loss (1 < 0.25 ... 0.4 dBVSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 5 kWTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 1 5/8″ EIA-flangeMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)


(1 Insertion loss value with standard tuning will be approx. 0.30 dB;reference 3-dB bandwidth is 800 kHz.

730 150 FM Band-pass filter, 5 kW

5

0

4

3

2

1

-0.4 -0.2 f 0 +0.2 +0.4-0.8 -0.6 +0.6 +0.8 +1.0-1.0

50

0

40

30

20

10

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 f 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

8

Starpoint Combiner87.5 ... 108 MHz, 100 W

GeneralStarpoint combiners enable several transmitters orreceivers to be connected to one common output. Thisarrangement provides a cost-efficient solution whileretaining the advantages of band-pass filter usage.

Design and ConstructionThis starpoint combiners consist of one 3-pole band-pass filter per channel. The inputs of the filters are nar-rowband. The outputs are connected via pre-defined cable lengths to a common starpoint. Thisstarpoint then forms the output of the combiner.The starpoint combiners may be extended by addingfurther band-pass filters and by exchanging the star-point.The combiners are maintenance-free and are thusespecially safe to operate.The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are supplied along with the combiner.

793 196 FM Starpoint combiner, 4x 100 W

793 192 2 < 0.9 dB 7-16 female 31 kg 8 HU 650 x 590 x 450793 194 3 < 0.9 dB 7-16 female 43 kg 8 HU 650 x 590 x 450793 196 4 < 1.0 dB 7-16 female 55 kg 12 HU 650 x 590 x 630

Type No. Inputs Insertion Connectors Weight Height (2 Packing sizeloss (1 Input / Output [mm]

Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHzChannel spacing > 2 MHzIsolation > 30 dBVSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 100 W (per input)Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)

Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)Colour (front plate) RAL 7032 (grey)Dimensions 19″ drawer (depth 550 mm)

(1 Insertion loss value refers to a 3-dB bandwidth of 1.250 kHz. Minimum 3-dB bandwidth is 1000 kHz.(2 One HU (height unit) is equivalent to 44.45 mm

CH 1Input 1

Starpoint

Output

CH 2Input 2

CH 3Input 3

CH 4Input 4

Technical Data

9

Starpoint Combiner87.5 ... 108 MHz, 3 kW

GeneralStarpoint combiners enable several transmitters orreceivers to be connected to one common output. Thisarrangement provides a cost efficient solution whileretaining the advantages of band-pass filter usage.

Design and ConstructionThis starpoint combiners consist of one temperaturestabilised 3-pole band-pass filter per channel. Theinputs of the filters are narrowband. The outputs areconnected via pre-defined rigid-lines onto a commonstarpoint. This starpoint then forms the output of thecombiner.The starpoint combiners may be extended by addingfurther band-pass filters and by exchanging the star-point.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundingsvia heat sinks. The starpoint combiner is convection-cooled, so no ventilators are required.The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are supplied along with the combiner.

728 868 FM Starpoint combiner, 2x 3 kW

728 868 2 < 0.5 dB 7/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 110 kg 790 x 482 x 1320 1010 x 610 x 1400730 040 3 < 0.6 dB 7/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 180 kg 1553 x 482 x 1320 1x 1010 x 610 x 1400

1x 1010 x 315 x 1400730 041 4 < 0.7 dB 7/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 250 kg 1553 x 482 x 1320 2x 1010 x 610 x 1400

Type No. Inputs Insertion Connectors Weight Dimensions Packing sizeloss (1 Input / Output (l x w x h) [mm] [mm]

Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHzChannel spacing > 1.5 MHzIsolation > 30 dBVSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 3 kW (per input)Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)

Brass, sliver plated (inner conductor)Colour RAL 7032 (grey)

(1 Insertion loss value refers to a 3-dB bandwidth of 900 kHz. Minimum 3-dB bandwidth is 600 kHz.

Starpoint

Output

CH 1Input 1

CH 2Input 2

Technical Data

10

Starpoint Combiner87.5 ... 108 MHz, 5 kW

GeneralStarpoint combiners enable several transmitters orreceivers to be connected to one common output. Thisarrangement provides a cost efficient solution whileretaining the advantages of band-pass filter usage.

Design and ConstructionThis starpoint combiners consist of one temperaturestabilised 3-pole band-pass filter per channel. Theinputs of the filters are narrowband. The outputs areconnected via pre-defined rigid-lines onto a commonstarpoint. This starpoint then forms the output of thecombiner.The starpoint combiners may be extended by addingfurther band-pass filters and by exchanging the star-point.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundingsvia heat sinks. The starpoint combiner is convection-cooled, so no ventilators are required.The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are supplied along with the combiner.

790 719 FM Starpoint combiner, 4x 5 kW

790 717 2 < 0.4 dB 1 5/8″ EIA / 1 5/8″ EIA 220 kg 975 x 695 x 1275 1080 x 890 x 1500790 718 3 < 0.5 dB 1 5/8″ EIA / 3 1/8″ EIA 335 kg 2185 x 695 x 1260 2x 1080 x 890 x 1500

1x 1080 x 470 x 1500790 719 4 < 0.6 dB 1 5/8″ EIA / 3 1/8″ EIA 450 kg 2185 x 695 x 1260 2x 1080 x 890 x 1500

Type No. Inputs Insertion Connectors Weight Dimensions Packing sizeloss (1 Input / Output (l x w x h) [mm] [mm]

Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHzChannel spacing > 1.5 MHzIsolation > 35 dBVSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 5 kW (per input)Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)

Brass, silver-plated (inner conductor)Colour RAL 7032 (grey)

(1 Insertion loss value refers to a 3-dB bandwidth of 800 kHz. Minimum 3-dB bandwidth is 600 kHz.

CH 1Input 1

Starpoint

Output

CH 2Input 2

CH 3Input 3

CH 4Input 4

Technical Data

11

Technical Data

Directional Filter Combiner87.5 ... 108 MHz, 200 W

GeneralDirectional filter combiners enable several transmittersto be connected to one common output.The design offers an expandable system which isconstructed in a modular form. The configurationprovides the best frequency response and optimumisolation between the inputs.

Design and ConstructionThis combiner consists of two 3-pole band-pass filters,two 3-dB couplers and a balancing load.One input is narrowband (NB) in accordance with thefrequency response of the band-pass filters. Thesecond input is broadband (BB) within the operatingfrequency range of the 3-dB coupler.The directional filter combiner may be extended byadding further combiners – directional filter combinersas well as starpoint combiners.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundings.Thus the combiner is maintenance free and especiallysafe to operate.The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are supplied along with the combiner.

Inputs Narrowband input (NB) Broadband input (BB)Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHz 87.5 – 108 MHz

tuned to one channel free choice of channelInsertion loss (1 < 0.8 dB < 0.2 dBInput power 200 W 800 WChannel spacing > 1.5 MHzIsolation > 30 dB (NB to BB-input)

> 50 dB (BB to NB-input)VSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)

< 1.25 (at stop band)Impedance 50 ΩTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7-16 femaleColour (front-plate) RAL 7032 (grey)Weight 34 kgDimensions 19″ drawer

(6 height units, depth 550 mm) (2

Type No. 790 277

(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the min. channel spacing of 1.5 MHz.(2 One HU (hight unit) refers to 44.45 mm.

790 277 FM Directional filter combiner, 200 W

Output

Load

CH 2Broadband input

(BB)

CH 1Narrowband input

(NB)

12

Technical Data

Directional Filter Combiner87.5 ... 108 MHz, 5 kW

GeneralThe directional filter combiners enable several trans-mitters to be connected to one common output.The design offers an expandable system which isconstructed in a modular form. The configurationprovides the best frequency response and optimumisolation between the inputs.

Design and ConstructionThis combiner consists of two temperature stabilised 3-pole band-pass filters, two 3-dB couplers and abalancing load.One input is narrowband (NB) in accordance with thefrequency response of the band-pass filters. Thesecond input is broadband (BB) within the operatingfrequency range of the 3-dB coupler.The directional filter combiner may be extended byadding further combiners – directional filter combinersas well as starpoint combiners.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundingsvia heat sinks. Thus the combiner is maintenance-freeand especially safe to operate.The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are supplied along with the combiner.

Inputs Narrowband input (NB) Broadband input (BB)Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHz 87.5 – 108 MHz

tuned to one channel free choice of channelInsertion loss (1 < 0.35 ... 0.5 dB < 0.2 dBInput power 5 kW 15 kWChannel spacing > 0.8 MHzIsolation > 30 dB (NB to BB-input)


< 1.25 (at stop band)Impedance 50 ΩTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7/8″ EIA-flange (NB-input)

1 5/8″ EIA-flange (BB-input and Output)Colour RAL 7032 (grey)Weight 140 kgDimensions (l x w x h) 850 mm x 560 mm x 1320 mmPacking size (l x w x h) 1015 mm x 615 mm x 1400 mm

Type No. 726 473

Technical Data

(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the min. channel spacing of 0.8 MHz.

Output

Load

CH 2Broadband input

(BB)


(NB)

726 473 FM Directional filter combiner, 5 kW

13

Technical Data

Directional Filter Combiner87.5 ... 108 MHz, 10 kW

GeneralThe directional filter combiners enable several trans-mitters to be connected to one common output.The design offers an expandable system which isconstructed in a modular form. The configurationprovides the best frequency response and optimumisolation between the inputs.

Design and ConstructionThis combiner consists of two temperature stabilised 3-pole band-pass filters, two 3-dB couplers and abalancing load.One input is narrowband (NB) in accordance with thefrequency response of the band-pass filters. Thesecond input is broadband (BB) within the operatingfrequency range of the 3-dB coupler.The directional filter combiner may be extended byadding further combiners – directional filter combinersas well as starpoint combiners.Any heat produced is dissipated into the surroundingsvia heat sinks. Thus the combiner is maintenance freeand especially safe to operate.The band-pass filters must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are supplied along with the combiner.

Inputs Narrowband input (NB) Broadband input (BB)Frequency range 87.5 ... 108 MHz 87.5 ... 108 MHz

tuned to one channel free choice of channelInsertion loss (1 < 0.3 ... 0.4 dB < 0.15 dBInput power 10 kW 50 kWChannel spacing > 0.8 MHzIsolation > 35 dB (NB to BB-input)


< 1.25 (at stop band)Impedance 50 ΩTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 1 5/8″ EIA-flange (NB-input)

3 1/8″ EIA-flange (BB-input and Output)Colour RAL 7032 (grey)Weight 290 kgDimensions (l x w x h) 1150 mm x 695 mm x 1435 mmPacking size (l x w x h) 1350 mm x 870 mm x 1620 mm

Type No. 728 393

Technical Data

(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the min. channel spacing of 0.8 MHz.

CH 2Broadband input

(BB)

Output


(NB)

Load

~~~

~~~

728 393 FM Directional filter combiner, 10 kW

14

Technical Data

Band-pass Filter210 ... 230 MHz, DAB, 1 kW

The band-pass filter can be used– as output filter of DAB-transmitters– for appliances where high Q is requested to achiveve

low insertion loss in addtion with high selectivity closeto the pass-band

– to achieve filter-mask criteria conform to standard ETS-300401 – non critical mask

– as a component in the construction of DAB-combiners

Design and ConstructionThe band-pass filter is made of six inductively coupledresonators. The operating frequency, the couplingbetween the resonators and also the input and outputcouplings are adjustable.The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, no ventilatorsare required.The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are part of the delivery extent.

Frequency range 210 ... 230 MHzInsertion loss (1 < 0.9 dB (at f0 typ. 0.7 dB)

< 1.1 dB (at edge frequencies)Selectivity > 40 dB (at f0 ± 1.768 MHz)

> 60 dB (at f0 ± 5 MHz)VSWR < 1.2 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 1 kWTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7-16 femaleMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)


Type No. 792 776

(1 Insertion loss value apply to standard tuning with pass-band width of 1.54 kHz.

792 776 DAB Band-pass filter, 1 kW

Frequency/MHz

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

0

20

40

60

80

100

–5.0 –4.0 –3.0 –2.0 –1.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0f0/MHz

15

Type No. 792 955

Technical Data

Band-pass Filter210 ... 230 MHz, DAB, 2 kW

The band-pass filter can be used– as output filter of DAB-transmitters– for appliances where high Q is requested to achiveve

low insertion loss in addtion with high selectivity closeto the pass-band

– to achieve filter-mask criteria conform to standard ETS-300401 – critical mask

– as a component in the construction of DAB-combiners

Design and ConstructionThe band-pass filter is made of eight inductively coupledresonators. The operating frequency, the couplingbetween the resonators and also the input and outputcouplings are adjustable.The band-pass filter is convection-cooled, no ventilatorsare required.The band-pass filter must be tuned to the operatingchannel. Tuning may be done at our factory or can becarried out on site.The band-pass filter can be mounted in an 19″ rack.Clear tuning instructions and also any special toolsnecessary are part of the delivery extent.

Also availble is a version with 1 5/8″ EIA-flanges. Max power handling then 3 kW.

Frequency range 210 ... 230 MHzInsertion loss (1 < 0.8 dB (at f0 typ. 0.6 dB)

< 1.5 dB (at edge frequencies)Selectivity > 20 dB (at f0 ± 0.968 MHz)

> 55 dB (at f0 ± 1.768 MHz)> 60 dB (at f0 ± 5 MHz)

VSWR < 1.2 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power max. 2 kWTemperature range –20° C ... +50° CConnectors 7-16 femaleMaterial Aluminium (outer conductor)

Brass, sliver plated (inner conductor)Colour RAL 7032 (grey)Weight 150 kgDimensions (l x w x h) 1.140 mm x 570 mm x 500 mmPacking size (l x w x h) 1.400 mm x 800 mm x 800 mm

(1 Insertion loss value apply to standard tuning with pass-band width of 1.54 kHz.

792 955 DAB Band-pass filter, 2 kW

Frequency/MHz

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

0

20

40

60

80

100

–5.0 –4.0 –3.0 –2.0 –1.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0f0/MHz

16

Stretchline Combiner174 ... 230 MHz, 200 W

GeneralStretchline combiners enable several transmitters to beconnected to one common output.The stretchline combiner offers a low cost solution withcompact design. The configuration is ideal if thefrequency spacing is not too close.

Design and ConstructionThis stretchline combiner consists of two 3-dB couplers,a commutating line and a balancing load.The inputs are narrowband (NB) in accordance with thefrequency response of the commutating line.The principle of operation refers to the length of thecommutating line. The electrical characteristics of the 3-dB couplers make the functioning possible. Isolationbetween the inputs is determined by the 3-dB couplers.The stretchline combiner may be extended by addingfurther directional filter combiners.The length of the commutating line has to be calculatedwith refer to the operating channels.

714 624 VHF Stretchline combiner, 2x 200 W

714 624 2 < 0.5 dB 200 W 3.5 kg 450 x 350 x 90 540 x 460 x 180792 302 3 < 0.6 dB 200 W 4.0 kg 450 x 350 x 200 540 x 460 x 320

Type No. Inputs Insertion Power Weigth Dimensions Packing sizeloss (1 (per input) [mm] [mm]

Frequency range 174 ... 230 MHzChannel spacing > 3 channels (2 CH between)Isolation > 30 dB VSWR < 1.06 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7-16 femaleColour RAL 7032 (grey)

(1 Insertion loss and isolation values refer to the minimum channel spacing.Given is the typical value. Insertion loss is depending on channel combination.

Technical Data

30

0

20

230223216209202195188181174

10

3

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

f1 f2

1

Channel 2Channel 1

Output

Load

CH 1Input 1

CH 2Input 2

17

Type No. / Order No. 714 624

Technical Data

Type No. 792 462

Stretchline Combiner174 ... 230 MHz, 2 kW

GeneralStretchline combiners enable several transmitters to be connected to one common output.The stretchline combiner offers a low cost solution with compact design. The configuration is ideal if thefrequency spacing is not too close.


Frequency range 174 ... 230 MHzInputs 2Channel spacing > 3 channels (2 CH between)Insertion loss (1 < 0.4 dBIsolation > 30 dBVSWR < 1.06 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩInput power 2 kW (per input)Temperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7/8″ EIA-flangeColour RAL 7032 (grey)Weight 85 kgDimensions (l x w x h) 1500 mm x 800 mm x 200 mmPacking size (l x w x h) 1800 mm x 1000 mm x 500 mm


792 462 VHF Stretchline combiner, 2x 2 kW

Output

Load

CH 1Input 1

CH 2Input 2

Technical Data

30

0

20

230223216209202195188181174

10

3

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

f1 f2

1

Channel 2Channel 1

18

Stretchline Combiner470 ... 860 MHz, 100 W

GeneralStretchline combiners enable several transmitters to beconnected to one common output.The stretchline combiner offer a low cost solution withcompact design. The configuration is ideal if thefrequency spacing is not too close.


723 185 2 < 0.5 dB 100 W 3 kg 700 x 400 x 50 900 x 600 x 100723 186 3 < 0.6 dB 100 W 5.5 kg 700 x 400 x 90 900 x 600 x 150


Frequency range 470 ... 860 MHzChannel spacing > 3 channels (2 CH between)Isolation > 30 dB VSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7-16 femaleColour RAL 7032 (grey)


Technical Data

850800750700650600550500470

30

10

0

3

20

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

1

f1 f2

Output

Load

CH 1Input 1

CH 2Input 2

723 185 UHF Stretchline combiner, 2x 100 W

19

Stretchline Combiner470 ... 860 MHz, 1 kW

GeneralStretchline combiners enable several transmitters to beconnected to one common output.The stretchline combiner offer a low cost solution withcompact design. The configuration is ideal if thefrequency spacing is not too close.


724 602 UHF Stretchline combiner, 3x 1 kW

725 955 2 < 0.5 dB 1 kW 9 kg 1000 x 800 x 210 1200 x 1000 x 400724 602 3 < 0.6 dB 1 kW 14 kg 1300 x 950 x 330 1500 x 1100 x 500


Frequency range 470 ... 860 MHzChannel spacing > 3 channels (2 CH between)Isolation > 30 dB VSWR < 1.1 (at pass band)Impedance 50 ΩTemperature range –20 °C ... +50 °CConnectors 7/8″ EIA-flangeColour RAL 7032 (grey)


Technical Data

850800750700650600550500470

30

10

0

3

20

Atte

nuat

ion/

dB

Frequency/MHz

1

f1 f2

Output

Load

CH 1Input 1

CH 2Input 2

20

Load50 Ω, 0.5 W – 100 W

50-Ω loads are suited as absorbers for small and mediumpower.

They are used:– as termination for transmitters or amplifiers used for testing,

measuring or tuning,– as termination for circulators, directional couplers, hybrid ring

junctions and decoupled power splitters.

Special features of the loads are:– very low VSWR within a wide frequency range,– high stability and RF shielding due to the closed aluminium

construction,– arbitrary installation position because of convectional cooling,– 50 W and 100 W models can be installed on front or rear

panels of electrical equipment for heat dissipation.

Type No. K 62 26 61 1 (602 362)

Connector N maleFrequency range 0 – 2500 MHzVSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20Application IndoorWeight 40 gPacking size 90 mm x 60 mm x 25 mmDimensions 33 mm / 21 mm diameter

0.5 Watt *)

Type No. 784 10367

Connector 7-16 maleFrequency range 0 – 4000 MHzVSWR 0 – 2000 MHz < 1.10VSWR2000 – 4000 MHz < 1.30IP rating IP65Application OutdoorWeight 120 gPacking size 50 mm x 90 mm x 100 mmDimensions 40 mm / 32 mm diameter

1.5 Watt *)

K 62 26 61 1

784 10367

Type No. K 62 26 11 1 (601 559)

Connector N maleFrequency range 0 – 2500 MHzVSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20Application IndoorWeight 40 gPacking size 90 mm x 60 mm x 25 mmDimensions 30 mm / 21 mm diameter

2 Watt *)

K 62 26 11 1

21

Load50 Ω, 0.5 W – 100 W

*) Rated power at 40 °C ambient temperature. The max. power ratingincreases or decreases with falling or rising ambient temperature.

Type No. K 62 26 30 1 K 62 26 31 1 K 62 26 30 7 K 62 26 31 7(601 565) (601 566) (601 567) (601 568)

Connector N female N male 7-16 female 7-16 maleFrequency range 0 – 2500 MHzVSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20Application IndoorWeight Approx. 800 gPacking size 80 mm x 95 mm x 145 mmDimensions by mm (w x h x d) 67 x 90 x 130 67 x 90 x 138 67 x 90 x 134 67 x 90 x 133

(incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector)

50 Watt *)

Type No. K 62 26 50 1 K 62 26 51 1 K 62 26 50 7(601 718) (601 719) (602 252)

Connector N female N male 7-16 femaleFrequency range 0 – 1000 MHzVSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08Application IndoorWeight Approx. 2.4 kgPacking size 130 mm x 195 mm x 180 mmDimensions by mm (w x h x d) 114 x 153 x 156 114 x 161 x 156 114 x 170 x 156

(including connector) (including connector) (including connector)

100 Watt *)

Type No. K 62 26 20 1 K 62 26 21 1 K 62 26 20 7 K 62 26 21 7(601 567) (601 562) (601 563) (601 564)

Connector N female N male 7-16 female 7-16 maleFrequency range 0 – 2500 MHzVSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08VSWR1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15VSWR2000 – 2500 MHz < 1.20Application IndoorWeight Approx. 500 gPacking size 50 mm x 100 mm x 135 mmDimensions by mm (w x h x d) 35 x 94 x 113 35 x 94 x 121 35 x 94 x 125 35 x 94 x 124

(incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector) (incl. connector)

25 Watt *)

K 62 26 30 1

K 62 26 50 1

K 62 26 20 1

Type No. K 62 26 40 1 K 62 26 41 1(601 710) (601 711)

Connector N female N maleFrequency range 0 – 2500 MHzVSWR 0 – 1000 MHz < 1.08V 1000 – 2000 MHz < 1.15VSWR2000 – 2200 MHz < 1.20VSWR2200 – 2500 MHz < 1.25Application IndoorWeight Approx. 250 gPacking size 50 mm x 90 mm x 100 mmDimensions (w x h x d) 40 x 82 x 77 40 x 82 x 85by mm (incl. connector) (incl. connector)

10 Watt *)

K 62 26 40 1

22

Customized Design

VHF Multiplexer combinerwith 2 inputs, 10 kW each

FM Starpoint combinerwith 6 inputs, 5 kW each

23

Customized Design

FM Directional Filter Combiner2 x 5 kWfor Multipattern application

UHF High powerStretchline Combinerwith 2 inputs, 10 kW each

24

Technical Annex

IntroductionFilters and combiners are essential components of manybroadcasting antenna systems. They are used for selectingfrequencies, suppressing disturbing emissions and noisesidebands. Several channels can be combined into onecommon antenna by using combiners. In certain cases,separate antenna diagrams for individual channels can also begenerated.

Selection of parametersAccording to their use as elements of a system, filters areconstructed as two-port networks and are matched to theimpedance of the other system elements (e.g. transmitter,receiver, antenna or connecting cables) at both the input andthe output.

Frequency responseThe attenuation usually depends on the frequency used. Thisrelationship is illustrated in diagram 1, showing a typicalattenuation curve for a filter.

A plot of the attenuation vs frequency shows the typical filtercurve. The attenuation a (1.1) is the logarithmic ratio betweeninput power and transmitted power.

MatchingAs a measurement of how a filter is matched the return loss,which is the logarithmic relationship between the input andreflected power ar (1.2), is displayed in diagram 2.

The return loss ar, reflection coefficient r and VSWR factor s(1.3 and 1.4) are all related according to the formulas.

P2 = P1 - Pr - Pv

P1 = Input power

Pr = Reflected power

Pv = Power loss through filter

P2 = Power transmitted

Source 2-port LoadP1

Pr

P2

Transmitter Filter Antenna

f

a

∆ f

f1a10

a2

3 dB

b

Diagram 2: Return loss of a 2-cavity band-pass filter, tunedto the frequency f1 and with pass-band bandwidth d.

f10 dB

a

fd

Diagram 1: Frequency response of a filter tuned tofrequency f1 with insertion loss a1, stop band attenuation a2at the frequency of f1 – ∆ f and with bandwidth b at 3 dB.

Fig. 1: Filter as element of a system.

25

Technical Annex

FiltersWhere used in broadcasting systems, filters are normally setup as a combination of several λ/4 resonators. The Q factor ofthe resonators is very important with regard to the electricaldata and is influenced by the shape and volume of the filter aswell as by the conductivity of the material used.

The selectivity of the filters used for combiners has a decisiveinfluence on the minimum spacing required between thetransmitters to be connected onto one common antenna. If the frequency spacing is narrow then the filters must similarlybe tuned in a very narrow way. But this will cause an increasein the insertion loss resulting in the filters becoming hot(diagram 3). This problem can be avoided if filters of greatervolume are used which have a relatively lower insertion loss.

Directional couplersA directional coupler is a reciprocal four-port construction,whereby two of the ports are isolated from each other.

For example, the power fed in at port 1 is split up to ports 2and 3, whereas port 4 is isolated. The power fed into the otherports is similarly split.

If the coupling range of a transmission-line coupler is λ/4 at the center frequency fm then the coupling attenuation over afrequency range of f1/ f2 = 2 is almost independent of thefrequency (fig. 3).

For example, with a 3-dB directional coupler there is adivergence of ± 0.4 dB and phase difference of 90° occursbetween the signals at ports 2 and 3, which is also almostindependent of the frequency (fig. 2).

If every port is terminated with a reflection-free load, then theformulas for coupling attenuation and directivity apply.

Diagram 3: Examples of two different tuning possibilities for a band-pass filter. Narrower tuning will result in higherinsertion loss and steeper slopes.

Fig. 2: Directional coupler.

f0

f

0 dB

a

P11

P2,ϕ = 0°

2

P3,ϕ = -90°

P4

3

4

Coupling attenuation

Directivity

ad = 10 logP2

P4

ak = 10 logP1

P2

Fig. 3: Coupling attenuation for 3-dB transmission-linecoupler of λ/4 length.

2.5 dB

3 dB

3.5 dB

fm2/3 fm

4/3 fm

26

Technical Annex

CombinersCombiners are a combination of frequency-selecting components(e.g. filters, stretchlines) with nodes and connecting elements (e.g. directional couplers, starpoints).

In high quality combiners bandpass filters are used in preference tostop band filters.

Starpoint combinersStarpoint combiners for n channels consist of n band-pass filters withoutputs that are connected to a common starpoint.

The individual band-pass filters are tuned to the respectivefrequencies. Since the band-pass filters are mismatched outsidetheir pass-bands (with inductive coupling the impedance approachesa short-circuit) the impedance can be transformed up to very highlevels by selecting the appropriate length for the link between thefilters and the starpoint.

This means that for every input the transformed impedances of allthe other inputs are very high at the starpoint which produces a verylow parallel load at the antenna output.

Directional filter combinerDirectional filter combiners are a combination of filters and 3-dB couplers. One module consists of two band-pass filters, two 3-dB couplers and a balancing load.

One input is narrowband, corresponding to the band-pass curve ofthe band-pass filter. The other input is broadband, corresponding tothe operating range of the 3-dB coupler.

Compared to other types of combiners that can be produced at lessexpense, directional filters offer a number of useful advantages:

– Simple set-up of multiple combiners through cascading of modules

– Very high isolation between the inputs

– Broadband matching at all inputs

– Easy extension of existing combiners by adding new modules.

Function of module

The signal fed into the narrowband input is split into two halves bythe 3-dB coupler. Both of these pass through one of the band-passfilters to the second 3-dB coupler where they are then added inequal phase at its output due to the 3-dB couplers function.

At the broadband input the two partial signals are anti-phase andtherefore practically no signal appears at this port. The broadbandinput is isolated from the narrowband input by the directional coupler.However the isolation depends on the band-pass filters beingidentically tuned.

The frequency of a signal fed into the broadband input lies within thestop band of the band-pass filters. The signal is split into two halvesby the 3-dB coupler and reflected completely by the band-pass filtersand proceeds to the output after co-phase addition. The narrowbandinput is isolated from the broadband input by the directional coupler,as described above, but there is additional isolation due to the stopband attenuation of the band-pass filters.

CH 1Input 1

Starpoint

Output

CH 2Input 2

CH 3Input 3

CH 4Input 4

Output

Load

CH 2Broadband input

(BB)


(NB)

Load

CH 2Broadband input

(BB)


(NB)

Fig. 4: Starpoint combiner for 4 channels

Fig. 5: Directional filter combiner

Fig. 6: Functioning of module

27

Technical Annex

Cascading of modulesMultiple combiners are easly set up by using several moduleswith the output of each module feeding the broadband input ofthe next module.

The number of channels possible in a given frequency band islimited only by the minimum spacing between the signals.However limitation can also arise because the insertion loss foreach additional module increases by 0.05 up to 0.2 dB and canassume intolerable values.

The power rating of the 3-dB coupler at the output also canlimit the number of channels in practice.

MultiplexerMultiplexers consist of one or more directional filter modulesand a starpoint combiner. The output of the starpoint combineris connected to the broadband input of the directional fitercombiner.

It is advantageous to feed the channels with the largestpossible frequency spacing into the starpoint combiner sincethis produces the optimal isolation.

The isolation between the narrowband input to the starpointcombiners’ inputs is determined by the directional couplers andadditionally by the stop-band attenuation of the band-passfilters.

Stretchline combinerStretchline combiners consist of two 3-dB couplers, a stretch-line (communtating line) and a balancing load.

Decoupling of the inputs is achieved through the directionalcoupler. The combiner can not be tuned but it may bereconfigured for other channels simply by changing the stretch-line.

Signals fed in at the 3-dB coupler are each split into half. Onehalf signal is then routed through the stretchline. The length ofthe stretchline must be chosen in such a way, that the partialpower flows will add up at the output and no power flows intothe load. These conditions are fulfilled if the stretchline has alength of nλ2 for f2 and (n+1/2)λ1 for f1.

CH 1Narrowband Input

(NB1)

CH 2Narrowband Input

(NB2)

CH 3Broadband Input

(BB)

Output

Load Load

Output


(NB1)

Load

Starpoint


(NB2)

CH 3Narrowband input(NB3)

Output

Load

CH 1Input 1

CH 2Input 2

Fig. 7: Directional filter combiner with 2 modules

Fig. 8: Multiplexer for three channels

Fig. 9: Stretchline combiner for two channels

28

Technical Annex

ComparisonStarpoint combiners / Directional filter combiners /Multiplexers / Stretchline combiners

Combiner Starpoint Directional Multiplexer StretchlineType combiner filter combiner combiner

Set-up Band-pass filters Band-pass filters Directional filter - 3-dB couplers+ starpoint + 3-dB coupler + starpoint combiner + stretchline

SpacingFM: 30 W – 1 kW 2.5 MHz 2 MHz 2 MHzFM: 3 kW – 20 kW 1.5 MHz – 2 MHz 0.8 MHz – 1 MHz 1 MHzVHF: 100 W – 2 kW –– 3 channels 3 channels 3 channelsUHF: 200 W – 3 kW 3 channels 3 channels 3 channels 3 channels

Matching All inputs matched All inputs Starpoint inputs: All inputs(VSWR) in pass-band range; broadband matched pass-band matched; broadband matched

Directional filter inputs:broadband matched;

Frequency All inputs are narrow- Narrowband input: All inputs are narrowband All inputs are narrow-response band according to according to frequency according to frequency band, depending on

frequency response response of the response of the channel combinationof the band-pass filters band-pass filters band-pass filters

Broadband input:not selective

Isolation According to NB – BB: Between starpoint inputs: Attenuation throughstop-band attenuation attenuation through like starpoint combiner; 3-dB couplersof the band-pass filters 3-dB coupler Directional filter inputs:

BB – NB / NB – NB: attenuation through 3-dBAttenuation through coupler + stop band

3-dB coupler + attenuation ofstop-band attenuation band-pass filters

of band-pass filters

Extensions With additional Very simply by adding Simple by adding newband-pass filter; up a directional filter directional filter module

new starpoint cabling module; no altering of between starpoint and necessary existing cabling directional filter; altering

of existing cablingnecessary

Costs Economical solution Sophisticated solution Costs between starpoint and Ecomomical solutionfor wide frequency with several technical directional filter combiner; for wide frequency

spacing advantages smaller frequency spacing spacing; usage inpossible than with starpoint VHF and UHF-band

29

Technical Annex

Locate the known value on the appropriate scale, then read across horizontally to find the equivalent valuesas shown in the examples above.

VSWR Return loss Reflected Reflectedin dB power in % coefficient

VSWR, Return LossReflected Power, Reflection Coefficient

30

Notice

31

Notice

9981

.056

0/02

07/3

/ZW

/PF

Sub

ject

to

alte

ratio

n.

KATHREIN-Werke KG . Phone +49 80 31 184-0 . Fax +49 80 31 184-495Anton-Kathrein-Straße 1 – 3 . P.O. Box 10 04 44 . D-83004 Rosenheim . Germany

Internet: http://www.kathrein.de E-mail: [email protected]

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