DOING RESEARCH IN EDUCATION STYLES, STRATEGIES, APPROACHES, METHODS

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Introduction

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stylesStrategies/MethodsApproaches

Styles of educational research

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Naturalistic and ethnographic Historical and documentary Surveys, longitudinal, cross-sectional

and trend studies Internet-based and computer use Case studies Experiments, quasi-experiments, single

case research Action research

Strategies for data collection

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QuestionnairesInterviewsAccounts

ObservationTests

Personal constructs

Approaches to data analysis

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QualitativeQuantitativeContent analysis

Naturalistic and ethnographic style

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Tries to answer three questions:

1.What are the characteristics of a social phenomena?

2.What are the causes of the social phenomena?

3.What are the consequences of the social phenomena?

Naturalistic and ethnographic style 2

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Is concerned with Description (rather than prediction)Induction Generation (rather than verification)

Construction (rather than enumeration)

Subjectivities

Naturalistic and ethnographic style 3

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Main kinds of naturalistic inquiry- Case study

- Comparative studies- Retrospective studies- Longitudinal studies

- Ethnography (portrayal and explanation of social groups in real-life context)

- Biography

Naturalistic and ethnographic style 4

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Main methods (data collection)

Participant observationInterviews and conversations

Documents and field notes Accounts

Notes and memos

Historical and documentary

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Definition

”Systematic and objective location, evaluation and syntheis of evidence in order to establish facts

and draw conclusions abut past events” (p. 191)

Historical and documentary 2

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Tries to answer the questions:

1.Where do the events take place?2. Who are the people involved?

3. When do the events occur?4. What kinds of human activity

are involved?

Historical and documentary 3

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Data collectionPRIMARY SOURCES (original )- Relics of a period (fossils, weapons,

skeletons, coins, etc.)- Manuscrips, charters, laws, files, biography,

newspapers, films, transcriptins, wills, etc. SECONDARY SOURCES- textbooks, encyclopedias, quoted materials,

Bibliography

compiled by Anna Bączkowska

Cohen, L, L. Manion, and K. Morrison. 2007. Research Methods in Education, sixth edition, Routledge.

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