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DNA˙Practice
Name: Date:
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell?
A. to store the genetic instructions needed to specify traits
B. to release energy by breaking down food molecules
C. to transport nutrients into and out of the cell
D. to protect the cell from microorganisms
2. The mold Aspergillus flavus grows on grain. A. flavus produces a toxin that binds to DNA in the bodies ofanimals that eat the grain.
The binding of the toxin to DNA blocks transcription, so it directly interferes with the ability of an animal cell todo which of the following?
A. transport glucose across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm
B. produce ATP using energy released from glucose and other nutrients
C. transfer proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi complexes
D. send protein-building instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and ribosomes
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DNA˙Practice
3. The diagram below represents part of a process that occurs in cells.
Which process is represented?
A. meiosis B. osmosis C. replication D. translation
4. Which of the following describes DNA replication in eukaryotic cells?
A. A copy of the DNA is made in the nucleus.
B. A molecule of RNA is produced from the DNA.
C. Each strand of DNA is combined with a strand of RNA.
D. Each strand of DNA is separated into a new chromosome.
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DNA˙Practice
5. In a eukaryotic cell, which of the following processes directly involves DNA?
A. translation B. cellular respiration
C. active transport of ions D. replication of chromosomes
6. The diagram below represents the beginning and end products of a process that occurs in the nucleus of a cell.
Which process does the diagram represent?
A. recombination B. replication C. transcription D. translation
7. A laboratory technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) produces millions of copies of a DNA molecule inonly a few hours. PCR is most similar to which of the following cellular processes?
A. mitosis B. replication C. transcription D. translocation
8. The following cell structures are located within cells that make proteins. Which description best explains therelationship among these cell structures in making a protein?
• nucleus
• ribosome
• endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
A. nucleus makes protein → protein winds through the ER → protein folds into its active shape
B. nucleus directs ER to assemble the protein → ribosomes surround protein → protein folds into its active shape
C. ER creates protein → DNA in the nucleus codes for ribosomes to surround protein → protein folds into itsactive shape
D. DNA in nucleus codes for protein → protein assembled in ribosomes and moves to ER → protein folds intoits active shape
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DNA˙Practice
9. Which organelle stores genetic information?
A. flagellum B. nucleus C. mitochondrion D. vacuole
10. Protein synthesis occurs at which of the structures shown below?
A. I B. II C. III D. IV
11. Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below?
tRNA : ribosome
A. book : publisher B. truck : factory C. key : lock D. baker : pie
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DNA˙Practice
12. This diagram represents a cell.
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
A. B. C. D.
13. A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will bestopped?
A. osmosis B. photosynthesis C. protein synthesis D. respiration
14. Which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging the proteins that the cell secretes?
A. cytoskeleton B. cell membrane C. lysosome D. Golgi apparatus
15. Which of these are used directly to make proteins in all cells?
A. nuclei B. ribosomes C. membranes D. mitochondria
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DNA˙Practice
16. Use the information below to answer the following question(s).
Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives attached to the side of a tree. An organism from thisnew species
• is multicellular
• has cell walls
• has vascular tissues
• makes its own food
• has structures that absorb moisture from the air
The scientists learned that this organism produces a special protein that prevents it from freezing in cold weather.Which of these contains the information for making this protein?
A. a vacuole B. a lipid C. a vitamin D. a gene
17. Which of these statements best explains how genes and proteins are related?
A. Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins. B. Proteins are segments of DNA that code for genes.
C. Genes are the building blocks of proteins. D. Proteins are the building blocks of genes.
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DNA˙Practice
18. Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s).
Part of the process of protein synthesis is shown below. The different structures in this process arenumbered 1 through 5.
Structure 2 in the diagram represents a
A. ribosome B. mitochondrion C. protein D. chloroplast
19. The process shown in the diagram occurs in the
A. nucleus B. cytoplasm C. vacuole D. chromosome
20. Structure 1 is produced in what part of the cell?
A. vacuole B. cytoplasm C. mitochondria D. nucleus
21. What is one role of transfer RNA in the cell?
A. preparing the genes for messenger RNA B. changing nitrogen bases into amino acids
C. preparing messenger RNA for the ribosomes D. carrying amino acids to the ribosomes
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DNA˙Practice
22. Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s).
The diagram below shows stages of cell division of an amoeba, a unicellular organism.
CELL DIVISION IN AN AMOEBA
Scientists have found that the rate of division in amoebas is controlled. Scientists believe that the transition fromstage 2 to stage 3 is slowed by proteins. The additional time seems to help the amoeba change coding errorscaused during DNA replication.
Specialized proteins control cell division in the amoeba. Which cell part is responsible for making these proteins?
A. mitochondrion B. nucleus C. pseudopod D. ribosome
23. How can two plant cells from the same plant have different structures and functions?
A. Genes do not control the structure and function of a plant cell.
B. Sexual reproduction provides for genetic variation in plant cells.
C. Certain genes are turned on in one cell and turned off in the other cell.
D. Different cells in the plant have different DNA.
24. Which part of a plant cell contains the chromosomes?
A. vacuole B. ribosome C. nucleus D. cytoplasm
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DNA˙Practice
25. Which of the following statements about cell membranes is not true?
A. They are barriers between the inside and outside of the cell.
B. They contain proteins which perform a variety of transport functions.
C. They are composed of phospholipids.
D. They allow DNA to move in and out of the cell.
26. A strand of DNA consists of thousands of smaller, repeating units known as
A. lipids B. amino acids C. nucleotides D. polysaccarides
27. In molecules of DNA, which nitrogenous base bonds with adenine
A. adenine B. uracil C. guanine D. thymine
28. Which nitrogenous base is normally present in DNA but absent from RNA?
A. adenine B. cytosine C. thymine D. guanine
29. Which two bases are present in equal amounts in a double-stranded DNA molecule?
A. cytosine and thymine B. adenine and thymine C. adenine and uracil D. cytosine and uracil
30. All nucleotides of DNA and RNA contain a
A. uracil base B. thymine base C. ribose sugar D. phosphate group
31. The DNA code for a particular amino acid contains a sequence of how many nucleotides?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4
32. Which structure pairs with the adenine nucleotide during the formation of messenger RNA?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
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DNA˙Practice
33. Within which organelle does process 1 occur?
A. ribosome B. nucleus
C. centriole D. lysosome
34. The diagram represents a molecule of
A. DNA B. RNA C. ATP D. FSH
35. Which two scientists proposed the double helix arrangement of this molecule
A. Hardy and Weinberg B. Darwin and Lamarck C. Watson and Crick D. Mendel and De Vries
36. Which is a structural component of a DNA nucleotide?
A. glucose B. an enzyme C. deoxyribose D. an amino acid
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DNA˙Practice
37. The group of atoms represented by the symbol labeled I is also present in molecules of
A. glucose B. uracil C. H2O D. ATP
38. A DNA nucleotide is composed of
A. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus B. carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and calcium
C. calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and iron D. oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron
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DNA˙Practice
39. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents some biochemicalreactions involved in a cellular process, and on your knowledge of biology.
What is an example of a molecule produced by this type of process?
A. glucose B. glycogen C. a fatty acid D. a protein
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DNA˙Practice
40. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents some components involvedin cellular protein synthesis, and on your knowledge of biology.
Molecules C, D, and E will combine to form part of
A. a polypeptide B. a polysaccharide C. DNA D. RNA
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Acces format version 4.4.170c_ 1997–2011 EducAide Software
Licensed for use by greg poruban
DNA˙Practice 04/08/2013
1.Answer: A
2.Answer: D
3.Answer: D
4.Answer: A
5.Answer: D
6.Answer: C
7.Answer: B
8.Answer: D
9.Answer: B
10.Answer: C
11.Answer: B
12.Answer: B
13.Answer: C
14.Answer: D
15.
16.Answer: D
17.Answer: A
18.Answer: A
19.Answer: B
20.Answer: D
21.Answer: D
22.Answer: D
23.Answer: C
24.Answer: C
25.Answer: D
26.Answer: C
27.Answer: D
28.Answer: C
29.Answer: B
30.Answer: D
31.Answer: C
32.Answer: B
33.Answer: B
34.Answer: A
35.Answer: C
36.Answer: C
37.Answer: D
38.Answer: A
39.Answer: D
40.Answer: A
