DNA FoldableDNA Foldable

DirectionsDirections: : • Fold 3 pieces of paper, so you have Fold 3 pieces of paper, so you have

5 layered flaps 5 layered flaps • Write “Write “DNA” DNA” on the top flap as a on the top flap as a

titletitle

On each flap On each flap writewrite::

1.1. DNA Basics & Organization DNA Basics & Organization

2.2. DNA Structure & Function DNA Structure & Function

3.3. DNA Replication DNA Replication

4.4. RNA Structure & Function RNA Structure & Function

5.5. Comparing DNA & RNAComparing DNA & RNA

1. DNA Basics & 1. DNA Basics & Organization Organization

(Inside) On Top Half of 1(Inside) On Top Half of 1stst Flap Flap write:write:

1. Make the following flow chart: 1. Make the following flow chart: Cell Cell Nucleus Nucleus Chromosome Chromosome DNA DNA Gene Gene

2. Glue in the following picture below it2. Glue in the following picture below itSegment of DNA

(Inside) On Bottom Half of 1(Inside) On Bottom Half of 1stst Flap Flap write:write:

DNA stands for “DeoxyriboDNA stands for “Deoxyribonucleicnucleic acid”acid”

(type of organic molecule)(type of organic molecule)

DNA DNA is the instructions for making is the instructions for making proteins that carry out life functionsproteins that carry out life functions

2. DNA Structure & 2. DNA Structure & Function Function

(Inside) On Top Half of 2(Inside) On Top Half of 2ndnd Flap Flap write:write:

Directions: Directions: 1.1. Write “DNA Write “DNA

STRUCTURE”STRUCTURE”2.2. Cut out panel and glue Cut out panel and glue

into flapinto flap 3.3. Circle the following:Circle the following:

• Green= Phospahte Green= Phospahte Group Group

• Red= Sugar Red= Sugar • Blue=Nitrogenous basesBlue=Nitrogenous bases• Yellow=Nucleotide Yellow=Nucleotide • Purple= Sugar-Purple= Sugar-

Phosphate backbonePhosphate backbone

DNA is has a double helical shape!

(Inside) On Top Bottom Half of 2(Inside) On Top Bottom Half of 2ndnd Flap Flap write:write:

Directions: Directions: 1.1. Write “DNA FUNCTION”Write “DNA FUNCTION”

2.2. Make the following table: Make the following table:

Function: Function: Facts:Facts:

Storage of Genetic Storage of Genetic CodeCode

• double stranded sugar-phosphate double stranded sugar-phosphate backbone backbone • internal code (nitrogenous bases are internal code (nitrogenous bases are protected by sugar-phosphate protected by sugar-phosphate backbone) backbone) • coiled tightly to allow for more surface coiled tightly to allow for more surface area area meaning more room to store meaning more room to store genetic code genetic code

Passing of Traits Passing of Traits • nitrogen bases are complementary (nitrogen bases are complementary (AA or adenine always bonds with or adenine always bonds with TT or or thymine; thymine; CC or cytosine always bonds or cytosine always bonds with with GG or guanine) or guanine) • weak hydrogen bonds hold bases weak hydrogen bonds hold bases together- allow for ease during together- allow for ease during replication replication

3. DNA Replication 3. DNA Replication

(Inside) On Top Half of 3(Inside) On Top Half of 3rdrd Flap Flap write:write:

Directions: Directions:

1.1. Cut out panel and Cut out panel and glue into flapglue into flap

2.2. Color the following Color the following in picture #1: in picture #1:

• Green= Parent Green= Parent Strand Strand

• Yellow= Yellow= Complementary Complementary Strand Strand

3.3. Outline the Outline the following: in picture following: in picture #2: #2:

• Red = Leading Red = Leading strand strand

• Blue = Lagging Blue = Lagging strand strand

#1

#2

(Inside) On Top Bottom Half of 3(Inside) On Top Bottom Half of 3rdrd Flap Flap writewrite

1.1. Write “Steps of DNA Replication”Write “Steps of DNA Replication”2.2. Make the following flow chart: Make the following flow chart:

2. The protein primase attached to the parent strand, this helps bind (attach) new nucleotides

3. Elongation DNA protein

polymerase reads template strand and continuously

adds new nucleotides that

are complementary to the parent strand

1. DNA unwinds with help of protein helicase, this breaks weak hydrogen bonds between bases

3. DNA primase adds more

primers, DNA is elongated in short

segments (okazzki

fragments) by DNA polymerase

and then is

4. DNA primers are removed & DNA ligase adds sugars

and phosphates

in gaps made by

fragments

Leading Strand ONLY!

Lagging Strand ONLY!5. DNA

Termination

6. DNA repairs itself

4. RNA Structure & 4. RNA Structure & Function Function

(Inside) On Top Half of 4(Inside) On Top Half of 4thth Flap Flap write:write:

Directions: Directions: 1.1. Write “RNA STRUCTURE”Write “RNA STRUCTURE”2.2. Cut out pictures, glue into flapCut out pictures, glue into flap and label types of RNA and label types of RNA

mRNA tRNArRNA

(Inside) On Top Bottom Half of 4th Flap (Inside) On Top Bottom Half of 4th Flap write:write:

Directions: Directions: 1.1. Write “RNA FUNCTION”Write “RNA FUNCTION”

2.2. Make the following table: Make the following table:

Type of RNA: Type of RNA: Function: Function:

mRNAmRNA

““messenger”messenger”

• makes a copy of DNA in the nucleus makes a copy of DNA in the nucleus • travels from nucleus travels from nucleus cytoplasm cytoplasm ribosomeribosome• bases in mRNA are read in sets of 3 = bases in mRNA are read in sets of 3 = codoncodon

rRNA rRNA

““ribosomal”ribosomal”

• “ “home” of protein synthesis= mRNA home” of protein synthesis= mRNA brings code, tRNA brings amino acids brings code, tRNA brings amino acids and and rRNA puts the two together to rRNA puts the two together to make proteinmake protein

tRNAtRNA

““transfer”transfer”

• gathers amino acidsgathers amino acids• travels to the ribosome travels to the ribosome • contains a set of 3 bases in tRNA contains a set of 3 bases in tRNA ((anticodonanticodon))

5. Comparing DNA & RNA 5. Comparing DNA & RNA

(Inside) On Top Half of 5(Inside) On Top Half of 5thth Flap Flap write:write:

Directions: Directions:

1.1. Cut out panel and Cut out panel and glue into flapglue into flap

(Inside) On Bottom Half of 5th Flap:(Inside) On Bottom Half of 5th Flap:

Directions:Directions: 1. Draw & Complete the following 1. Draw & Complete the following

Venn Diagram: Venn Diagram:

DNA RNA