(DME 411) - Anucde · 4. (a) Explain with neat sketch pneumatic actuation system. (8) (b) Explain the building blocks of a mechanical system and show the block diagram. (7) Or 5

(DME 411)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2012.

(Examination at the end of Fourth Year First Semester)

Mechanical Engineering

Paper I — INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily. (15 × 1 = 15)

Answer ONE question from each Unit. (4 × 15 = 60)

1. Write brief note on :

(a) Production and Productivity.

(b) Rating.

(c) Chrono cycle graph.

(d) Therbligs.

(e) Allowance.

(f) String diagram.

(g) Work content.

(h) Controlling.

(i) Public limited.

(j) Scientific management.

(k) Distribution channels.

(l) Declining balance method.

(m) Ratio analysis.

(n) Simple Interest.

(o) Marketing.

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain measurement of productivity.

(b) What are the objectives of Micro Motion Study? How is it carried out?

Or

3. (a) Explain Man Machine chart and its use in method study.

(b) Explain with examples, the principles of motion economy applied to human

body while performing manual work.

UNIT II

4. (a) Describe the procedure to be followed for time study by stop watch.

(b) What is performance rating Explain the various methods of rating?

Or

5. (a) Explain how work sampling study is useful in determining the standard time

for a job.

(b) What are the various types of layouts? Explain the application of each.

UNIT III

6. (a) What are the functions of a personnel manager?

(b) What is a joint stock company? Explain the advantages, limitations, and

formation of a joint stock company.

Or

7. (a) Define Controlling. Describe its objectives and importance in managing the

business organization.

(b) What is job analysis and job design?

UNIT IV

8. (a) Discuss the objectives and functions of financial management

(b) State the various assumptions in breakeven analysis. Enumerate the

managerial uses of breakeven analysis.

Or

9. (a) Explain the basic functions of the marketing.

(b) Define the term ‘depreciation’. State the causes of depreciation. Discuss any two

methods of calculating depreciation fund.

–––––––––––

(DME 412)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2012



Paper II — ADVANCED MACHINE DESIGN


Answer Question No.1 compulsorily (15 marks)

Answer ONE question from each Unit (4 × 15 = 60)

1. (a) What is the Shot Peening of spring?

(b) Where do you used oil-hardened and tempered steel wire springs?

(c) What is differential band brake?

(d) What is back stop in an inclined conveyor?

(e) What are the principal stresses in solid disc flywheel?

(f) What is the relation between reliability and quality of product?

(g) What are the methods to achieve reliability?

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain the method of avoiding the tendency of compression spring to buckle?

(b) A helical spring is made from a wire of 6 mm diameter and has outside

diameter of 75 mm. If the permissible shear stress is 350 N/mm2 and modulus

of rigidity 84 kN/mm2, find the axial load which the spring can carry and the

deflection per active turn by consider the effect of curvature.

Or

3. A leaf spring system is subjected to a total load of 140 kN. The other parameters of

the spring are number of springs supported the load is 4, No of leaves = 10, span of

the spring = 1000 mm, deflection allowed = 80 mm and allowable stress in spring

material is 600 MPa with value of E = 200 kN/mm2. Design the leaf spring.

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain the design procedure of multiple disc clutches.

(b) A single plate clutch has an outside diameter of 180 mm and inside of 140 mm

and

µ = 0.25. How much HP it can transmit?

Or

5. A band and block brake has a brake drum of 1.0 m diameter is fitted with 24 blocks,

each having a contact angle of 10°. The radial thickness of each block, measured from

centre line of the band to the rim of the wheel is 70 mm. The band is designed to

sustain a maximum force of 1500 N. The lever is arranged as l = 800 mm, a = 100

mm, b = 80 mm. Calculate the force P required to be applied at the end of the lever if

µ = 0.4. Calculate the power loss due to friction if the drum rotates at 240 rpm.

UNIT III

6. An overhang pulley transmits 35 kW at 240 rpm. The belt drive is vertical and the

angle of wrap may be taken as 180°. The distance of the pulley centre line from the

nearest bearing is 350 mm, µ = 0.25. Determine the diameter of pulley, width of the

belt assuming thickness of 10 mm, diameter of the shaft, dimensions of the key for

securing the pulley on to the shaft and size of the arms six in number, the section of

the arm may be taken as elliptical, the major axis being the twice of minor axis. The

following stresses may be taken for design purposes :

Shaft key tension and compression = 80 MPa; shear = 650 MPa, belt tension = 4.5

MPa, pulley rim tension = 4.5 MPa, pulley arms tension = 15 MPa.

Or

7. Design an overhung crankshaft with two main bearings for an Ic engine with

cylinder diameter = 250 mm, stroke length = 300 mm, flywheel

weight = 25 kN, maximum pressure = 2.5 N/mm2, maximum torque at crank shaft at

crank rotation 30° and the pressure at that instant = 1.7 N/mm2.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain the optimization function of single variable and multi variables.

(b) Explain Optimum design of tension bar for minimum deflection.

Or

9. Explain the following :

(a) Series and Parallel reliability.

(b) Optimum design with a suitable example.

——————

(DME 413) B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2012.

(Examination at the end Fourth Year/ First Semester)


Paper III — FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS


Answer questions No. 1 Compulsory.

Answer ONE question from each Unit.

1. (a) Explain Isoparametric elements with examples.

(b) Explain shape functions for three nodded triangular element.

(c) Establish the shape functions for four nodded Quadrilateral element.

(d) Obtain the D-matrix for Plane Stress problems using Hook’s law.

(e) Rayleigh - Ritz method.

(f) LST.

(g) Steady state problems.

UNIT I

2. (a) Discuss in detail about the general procedure of FEM formulation.

(b) For the following differential equations and associated boundary conditions

construct the variational statements, i.e., weak forms and wherever possible,

quadratic functional:

Beam on elastic foundation

02

2

2

2

=++

fkw

dx

wdd

dx

d for ,0 Lx << 0

2

2

==dx

wdbw at Lx ,0= .

where b and f are functions of x, and k is a constant.

Or

3. (a) Explain in detail about different weighted residual methods with an examples.

(b) Discuss in detail about general procedure of finite element analysis using any

Software.

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain in detail about Galerkin method with an example.

(b) For the pin jointed configuration shown in Fig. 1, determine;

(i) Element stiffness matrices

(ii) Global stiffness matrix

(iii) Stress in the element 1

(iv) Strain in the element 2

(v) Strain energy of the system

(vi) Any one of the support reaction.

Fig. 1

Or

5. (a) Derive an equation for finding out the potential energy by Rayleigh-Ritz

method. Using Rayleigh-Ritz niethod, find the displacement of the midpoint of

the rod shown in Fig.2. Assume E = 1 A = 1, pg = 1 by using linear and

quadratic shape functions concept.

Fig. 2

(b) Explain minimum potential energy methods to solve one dimensional problems

with an example.

UNIT III

6. (a) Determine the matrix relating strains and nodal displacements for three and

six noded triangular element and compare the behaviour.

(10)

(b) Using a 2 × 2 rule, evaluate the integral ( )∫ ∫Ω

+++ dxdyyxyxyx 2223 by

Gaussian quadrature where Ω denotes the region shown in Fig.3.

Fig.3

Or

7. (a) Derive Hermite shape functions and also discuss its usefulness and limitations.

(b) Determine the deflection and stresses at the point of load application on a

plate, by considering two triangular elements shown in Fig. 4. Assume

thickness t = 4 mm. Poisson’s ratio = 0.25 and Young’s Modulus E = 210 GPa

Fig. 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) Discuss about different boundary conditions for scalar field problems.

(b) A pin of 1mm diameter 50 mm long is used to enhance heat transfer from a

wall maintained at 270°C. Thermal conductivity of pin material is 200 W/m°C,

the ambient conditions are h = 15 W/m°c, ∞T = 2 5°C. Assume the tip of pin to

be insulated. Find the temperature distribution with two and three elements.

Compare with exact solutions.

Or

9. (a) Discuss in detail about finite element formulation for an axisymmetric shell

with an axisymmetric loading. Determine the matrix relating strains and nodal

displacements for an axisymmetic three nodded triangular element.

(b) Obtain the functional approach of finite element equations for a one

dimensional heat conduction problem.

———————


(Examination at the end of IVth year First Semester)


Paper IV — COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING AND AUTOMATION


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.


1. Write short notes on :

(a) Job order production.

(b) Transfer lines.

(c) Write the principle of ECM.

(d) Designation of axes in NC systems.

(e) DNC.

(f) Miscellaneous functions.

(g) Part families.

UNIT I

2. (a) Distinguish between programmable automation and flexible automation.

(b) What is Single — spindle automatic machine? How do you classify them?

Or

3. (a) Explain principle and working of wire cut EDM with a neat sketch.

(b) Compare the similarities and differences of AJM and LBM.

UNIT II

4. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of NC? Explain them.

(b) Describe the nomenclature for slide displacement of NC machine tool.

Or

5. (a) Explain the design criteria be used while designing CNC machine tools.

(b) Discuss the different CNC machining centers with neat sketches.

UNIT III

6. (a) What are the specifications of punched tape? Explain.

(b) What is tool length compensation? How do you incorporate this in writing the

manual part programming?

Or

7. (a) What is APT? Write the different geometry statements in circle generation.

(b) What are the different motion commands? Explain with examples.

UNIT IV

8. (a) What are the computerized components in CIM? Explain.

(b) Explain the various types of FMS layouts.

Or

9. (a) Explain the MICLASS code system, and write the coding with any example.

(b) What are different types of CAPP systems? Explain.

—————

(DME 415)




Paper V — MECHATRONICS


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory. (15 marks)


1. Answer the following briefly :

(a) What are the key elements in mechatronics? (2)

(b) Give two difference between open loop and closed loop systems. (3)

(c) Explain quantizing theory. (3)

(d) Explain sensor and actuator. (2)

(e) Name the different timers. (2)

(f) Digital to Analog conversion. (3)

UNIT I

2. (a) Name the factors considered while selecting the sensors. Explain in detail.

(7)

(b) What are the different data presentation elements? Explain any one of them in

detail. (8)

Or

3. (a) How the testing and calibration carried out for the data presentation system?

(8)

(b) Explain magnetic recording displays (7)

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain with neat sketch pneumatic actuation system. (8)

(b) Explain the building blocks of a mechanical system and show the block

diagram. (7)

Or

5. (a) Explain the building blocks of a fluid system and show the block diagram. (8)

(b) Explain the building blocks of a Thermal system and show the block diagram.

(7)

UNIT III

6. (a) What are the Karnaugh maps? Explain them in detail. (8)

(b) Distinguish between continuous and discreet process. (7)

Or

7. (a) What are the different types of logic gates? Explain them with truth table.

(7)

(b) Realize the following function using SOP

f(A, B, C, D) = Σ (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) + d(1, 7). (8)

UNIT IV

8. (a) What are the features of programming controllers? Explain. (8)

(b) What are the different types of timers? Explain any one of them. (7)

Or

9. (a) Explain pick and place robot in detail. (8)

(b) Explain ladder diagrams with neat sketch. (7)

–––––––––––

(DME 416 C)




Paper VI – OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES


Answer question No. 1 compulsorily. (15)


1. (a) What is the difference between feasible solution and optimal solution? (2)

(b) State limitations of classical methods in solving one dimensional minimization

problem. (2)

(c) Mention under which the condition ( )

0=dx

xdf not be used to find the minimum

of the function ( )xf . (2)

(d) Define

(i) gradient of a function and

(ii) Hessian matrix of a function. (2)

(e) Define golden mean. (2)

(f) Why is Powell’s method called pattern search method? (2)

(g) Approximate the nonlinear function ( )xf as a linear function at 0x . (3)

UNIT I

2. (a) Frame an optimization problem from the mechanical engineering domain in the

category multivariable optimization without constraints, state the problem

clearly and explain the formulation procedure.

(b) Explain in detail how to solve a maximization problem as a minimization

problem.

Or

3. Write detailed notes on classification of optimization problems.

UNIT II

4. (a) State and prove the necessary and sufficient condition for a multivariable

problem with no constraints.

(b) Find the extreme points of the function :

( ) .642 22

21

32

31 ++++= xxxxxf

Or

5. (a) Explain any gradient search method using a flow chart.

(b) Using quadratic interpolation, find the minimum of 5205 35 +−−= xxxz .

UNIT III

6. Find the solution for the following problem using geometric programming method.

Minimize 2123

12

11

2321 2

352 −−−− +++= xxxxxxxxxz

0,, 321 ≥xxx .

Or

7. (a) What is stochastic programming? Give some application areas of stochastic

programming.

(b) A contractor plans to use four tractors to work on a project in a remote area.

The probability of a tractor functioning for a year without a breakdown is

known to be 80% . If X denotes the numbers of tractors operating at the end of a

year, determine the probability mass and distribution function of X .

UNIT IV

8. A beam of uniform rectangular cross section is to be cut from a log having a circular

cross section of diameter 2a. The beam is to be used as a cantilever beam to carry a

concentrated load at the free end. Find the cross sectional dimensions of the beam

which will have the maximum bending stress carrying capacity. Frame the problem

and solve as an unconstrained minimization problem.

Or

9. A closed cylindrical storage tank is required to hold a minimum of 3000 m3 of oil.

Cost of material in Rs. 50/- per square meter. Frame a constrained geometric

programming problem for minimum cost and solve.

———————–––

(DME 416/D)




Paper VI – REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING


Answer Question No.1 compulsorily. (15 marks)


1. (a) Name any two refrigerants with their nomenclature. (2)

(b) What are open and dense air systems? (2)

(c) Explain the principle of cascade system. (2)

(d) Write the classification of condensers. (2)

(e) What is a three fluid absorption system? (3)

(f) Define the terms (i) absolute humidity and (ii) dew point temperature. (2)

(g) Discuss the function of heat pump. (2)

UNIT I

2. (a) What is a refrigerant? Discuss the desirable properties of a ideal refrigerant.

(b) Describe with a neat sketch the function of a ice refrigeration system.

Or

3. (a) Explain with a neat sketch the working of Boot strap air cycle refrigeration

system.

(b) A Bell-Coleman refrigeration cycle works between 1 bar and 5 bar. The

adiabatic efficiency of compression is 85% and expansion is 90%. Find out the

COP of the system and its tonnage when the air flow rate is 1 kg/s. The

ambient temperature is 27°C and refrigerator temperature is 0°C.

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle.

(b) A R-12 vapour compression unit with flash intercooler is used for the following

requirement :

Evaporating temperature = –40°C, Interstage (inter cooler temperature) = –

24°C, Condensation pressure = 7.6 bar absolute. Calculate

(i) COP of the system. (ii) Power required to run the system when the load on

the evaporator is 20 tonnes and (iii) Calculate COP and power if a single stage

compressor is used for the same evaporator and condenser temperatures.

Or

5. (a) Stating advantages explain the working of a centrifugal compressor.

(b) What are the types of expansion devices? Describe the working of at

thermostatic expansion valve.

UNIT III

6. (a) Describe the working of aqva ammonia absorption refrigeration system.

(b) With a neat sketch discuss the concept of lithium bromide system.

Or

7. (a) Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of steam jet refrigeration

system.

(b) Explain the construction of a typical thermo electric refrigerator.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Briefly describe the requirements of a industrial air conditioning system.

(b) An air conditioned space is maintained at 26°C DBT 50% RH when the out door

conditions are 35°C DBT and 28°C WBT. The space has a sensible heat gain of

17.6 kW and the air to the space is supplied at a condition of 8°C saturated.

Determine (i) the mass and volume flow rate of the air supplied, (ii) latent heat

load in the room and (iii) the cooling load of the refrigerator plant if 15% of total

mass of air supplied to the space is fresh air and the remaining air is

recirculated.

Or

9. (a) Explain with a line diagram the function of axial flow fans and centrifugal fans

in an air conditioning system.

(b) What are humidifiers? Explain the working of a steam injection type

humidifier.

——————

(DME 421)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year

Second Semester)


Paper I — MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory. (15 marks)


1. (a) What is the relation between sensitivity and range? What are the advantages of

very Sensitive instruments?

(b) What are the characteristics of first order system?

(c) What do you understand active and passive transducers?

(d) Which type of differential gauge can follow most closely rapid changes in the

pressure differential?

(e) Explain the instrument for dynamic strain measurement?

(f) Explain flow visualization method.

(g) Explain thermisters for temperature measurement.

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain Static performance characteristics of an instrument.

(b) Explain experimental determination of system parameters.

Or

3. (a) Explain method of least squares.

(b) Explain Transient response specifications.

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain electronic transducer with a sketch.

(b) Explain rectangular rosette.

Or

5. (a) Explain bride circuits for measurement strain change with a neat sketch.

(b) Explain variable inductance transducer elements.

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain Bridgeman gauge with a neat sketch.

(b) Explain the thermal conductive gauges.

Or

7. Explain turbine type flow meter and electromagnetic flow meters.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain resistance type of thermometer with a neat sketch.

(b) Explain electrical torsion meter with a neat sketch.

Or

9. Explain the following :

(a) Dynamometes.

(b) Vibrometers and accelerometers.

(c) Strain gauge torsion.

–––––––––––


(Examination at the end of Fourth year

Second Semester)


Paper II — COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily. (15)


1. (a) Explain about CAD Work station.

(b) Input devices.

(c) Cubic spline.

(d) Solid entities.

(e) Algorithm for straight line generation.

(f) Composite transformation.

(g) Curve fitting techniques.

UNIT I

2. (a) What are the various CAD tools required to support any design process?

(b) Write in detail about the various types of hardware used in CAD systems.

(c) What are the applications of computers for mechanical engineering design?

Or

3. (a) What is CAD and what are its applications and benefits?

(b) What are graphic display units (devices)? Explain them in detail.

UNIT II

4. (a) What is Geometric Modeling? Explain Types with an examples.

(b) Write in detail about parametric and non parametric representation of curve

with an example.

Or

5. (a) Explain the Bresenham’s algorithm for generating a circle and discuss about its

advantages.

(b) Explain about the graphic primitives for display-file structure.

UNIT III

6. (a) What are the different forms of representation of surface modelling? Explain.

(b) What do you mean by solid models and entities? Give examples of each.

Or

7. (a) How is solid and sweep representation defined? Discuss with an examples.

(b) Discuss in detail about Blending function and parametric space of surface.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain the following terms used in 2-dimensional transformations:

(i) Scaling

(ii) Reflection

(iii) Rotation and

(iv) Translation.

(b) Describe in detail with an example about homogeneous transformation using

matrix representation.

Or

9. (a) What is windowing and clipping and discuss in detail with an example.

(b) Write about various 2-D transformations and discuss in detail about viewing

transformation.

—————

(DME 423) B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2012 (Examination at the end of Fourth Year Second Semester)


Paper III — ENERGY RESOURCES UTILIZATION


Answer Question No.1 compulsorily. (15)


1. (a) Write the factors affecting runoff.

(b) Explain the function of supercharger in diesel power plant.

(c) Write the primary difference between jet and surface condensers.

(d) What are high pressure boilers?

(e) Explain the concept of radiation sheild.

(f) Define the terms (i) use factor, (ii) diversity factor.

(g) What are the sources of geothermal energy?

UNIT I

2. (a) Describe the essential elements of hydro electric power plant.

(b) Explain flow duration curve and mass curve.

Or

3. (a) Write the function of cooling and lubricating systems in an I.C. engine.

(b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a gas turbine power plant.

UNIT II

4. (a) Draw a block diagram to represent the various steps involved in coal handling.

(b) What are the types of stokers? Briefly describe the working of multiretort

stoker.

Or

5. (a) What is draught? Explain steam jet draught system.

(b) Describe the types of cooling towers used in steam power plant.

UNIT III

6. (a) With a neat sketch explain the working of Boiling water reacter.

(b) Calculate the cost of generation per kWh for a power station having the

following data :

Installed capacity of the plant = 120 MW

Capital cost = Rs.96 × 106

Rate of interest and depreciation = 14%

Annual cost of fuel oil, salaries and taxation = Rs.12 × 105,

Load factor = 40%

Also find the saving in cost per kWh if the annual load factor is raised to 50%.

Or

7. (a) Explain the method of disposal of low level soild nuclear waste.

(b) Discuss air and water pollution by thermal power plants.

UNIT IV

8. (a) With a neat sketch explain the working of a solar pond.

(b) What are the types of wind mills used? Explain the working of vertical axis

wind machine.

Or

9. (a) With the help of neat diagram describe the function of a double basin one way

tidal power plant.

(b) Stating advantages and disadvantages describe hydrogen oxygen fuel cell.

——————

(DME 424/C)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year Second Semester)


Paper IV — ROBOTICS


Answer Question No.1 compulsorily. (15 marks)


1. Write brief notes on :

(a) Jacobian.

(b) Economic analysis.

(c) Grippers.

(d) Touch Sensor.

(e) Optical encoders.

(f) Specification of a robot.

(g) Homogeneous co-ordinate and transformation.

UNIT I

2. (a) Sketch a robotic system showing the various elements and explain the function

of each element.

(b) Discuss the different configurations of Robots with neat sketches.

Or

3. (a) Write about in detail classification of robots.

(b) Describe in detail about SCARA Robot with neat sketch and their significance.

UNIT II

4. (a) Describe in detail about considerations in the selection and design of remote

centered devices.

(b) Explain in detail about end effectors classification.

Or

5. (a) With help of a neat sketch discuss in detail about different grippers and its

limitations and applications.

(b) Discuss in detail about different industrial applications of end effectors and

grippers with neat sketch.

UNIT III

6. (a) Discuss in detail about Optical and Non-optical position sensors.

(b) What is meant by edge detection? Explain a method to find out the edges of an

object.

Or

7. (a) Discuss in detail about touch and slip sensors.

(b) With the help of a neat block diagram explain the principal of proximity

sensors.

UNIT IV

8. (a) A single-link robot with a rotary joint is motionless at θ = 15°. It is desired to

move the joint in a smooth manner to θ = 75° in 3 seconds. Find the coefficients

of a cubic which accomplishes this motion and brings the manipulator to rest at

the goal. Plot the position, velocity and acceleration of the joint as a function of

time.

(b) Discuss in detail direct and inverse kinematic analysis of planar parallel

manipulator.

Or

9. (a) Discuss in detail about representation of D-H Matrix and derive it with neat

sketch.

(b) Represent standard form of D-H matrix. Figure-1 shows the schematic diagram

of the Scrobot robot. In the diagram, the second, third and fourth joint axes are

parallel to one another and point into the paper at points A, B and P

respectively. The first joint axis points up vertically, and the fifth joint axis

intersects the fourth perpendicularly. The

D-H parameters are as given under. Find the overall transformation matrix for

the robot.

Fig.1

D-H Parameters of a Scorbot robot

Joint i αi ai d θi

1

2

3

4

5

–π/2

0

0

–π/2

0

a1 = 9

a2 = 18

a3 = 21

a4 = 0

a5 = 0

d1 = 6

d2 = 0

d3 = 0

d4 = 0

d5 = 6

θ1 = 30

θ2 = 45

θ3 = 60

θ4 = 90

θ5 = 65

——————

(DME 424/D)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year Second Semester)


Paper IV — COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS


Answer Question No.1 compulsorily.


1. Write brief notes on :

(a) Consistency.

(b) ADI Scheme.

(c) Modern developments of grid generation.

(d) CFD as a design tool.

(e) Different types of numerical grids.

(f) Challenges in CFD.

(g) Finite volume method is powerful tool over finite difference method.

UNIT I

2. (a) Discuss in detail about Momentum and Energy equations in 3 dimensions.

(b) Explain incompressible Stability Analysis Navier Stokes equation and write a

note on averaging of property.

Or

3. (a) Briefly discuss about challenges and applications of CFD and it can be used as

research tool.

(b) Write about Single generic Integral form equations for Continuity, Momentum

and Energy equations.

UNIT II

4. (a) Write in detail about difference between finite difference method, finite volume

method and finite element method.

(b) Write in detail about Implicit and Explicit approaches.

Or

5. (a) Write in detail about difference between finite difference method, finite volume

method and finite element method.

(b) Consider a steady compressible flow and write down the continuity equation.

Discretize the governing equations in conservative and non-conservative form

and show the consequence of it for 1-D flow.

UNIT III

6. (a) What are different types of errors that occur during the discretization of PDEs?

Using the von Neumann slab stability analysis obtains the stability criterion

for the explicit formulation of parabolic equations.

(b) Explain with examples and neat sketches about transformation of non-uniform

grids.

Or

7. (a) Discuss in detail about modern developments in grid generation.

(b) What are the four basic rules for discretization using Finite Volume Method?

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain in detail about LAX-WENDORFF technique and their significance.

(b) Write about MACCORMICK technique and mention their applications.

Or

9. (a) Write in detail about Relaxation technique and their importance and explain

with an example.

(b) Explain in detail about different aspects of numerical dissipation and

dispersion and mention their applications.

——————

Documents

(DME 411) - Anucde · 4. (a) Explain with neat sketch pneumatic actuation system. (8) (b) Explain the building blocks of a mechanical system and show the block diagram. (7) Or 5