DK2015_APP

Appendix A

Fundamental Atomic Data

Fundamental Physical ConstantsAlthough there are many physical constants, which determine the nature of ouruniverse, the following values are of particular importance when dealing with atomicand nuclear phenomena.

Table A.I. Some important physical constants as internationally recommendedin 1998. These and other constants can be obtained through the web fromhttp://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/index.html

Constant

Speed of light (in vacuum)

Electron charge

Atomic mass unit

Electron rest mass

Proton rest mass

Neutron rest mass

Planck's constant

Avogadro's constant

Boltzmann constant

Ideal gas constant (STP)Electric constant

Symbol

c

e

u

me

mp

mn

h

Na

k

R

to

Value

2.99792458 x 108 m s"1

1.60217646 x 10~19 C

1.6605387 x 10~27 kg(931.494013 MeV/c2)

9.1093819 x 10~31 kg(0.51099890 MeV/c2)(5.48579911 x 10~4 u)

1.6726216 x 10~27 kg(938.27200 MeV/c2)(1.0072764669 u)

1.6749272 x 10~27 kg(939.56533 MeV/c2)(1.0086649158 u)

6.6260688 x 10~34 J s4.1356673 x 10~15 eV s

6.0221420 x 1023 mor1

1.3806503 x 10~23 J K^1

(8.617342 x 10-5 eV K"1)

8.314472 J mor1 K"1

8.854187817 x 10~12 F m^1

Source: P.J. Mohy and B.N. Taylor, "CODATAFundamental Physical Constants," Rev. Modern

Recommended Values of thePhysics, 72, No. 2, 2000.

Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

The Periodic TableThe periodic table presented in Table A.2 shows the new IUPAC group formatnumbers from 1 to 18, while the numbering system used by the Chemical AbstractService is given in parentheses at the top of each column. In the left of eachelemental square, the number of electrons in each of the various electron shellsare given. In the upper right of each square, the melting point (MP). boiling point(BP). and critical point (CP) temperatures are given in degrees Celsius. Sublimationand critical temperatures are indicated by s and t. In the center of each elementalsquare the oxidation states, atomic weight, and natural abundance is given for eachelement. For elements that do not exist naturally, (e.g.. the transuranics), the massnumber of the longest-lived isotope is given in square brackets. The abundances arebased on meteorite and solar wind data.

The table is from Firestone et al. [1999], and may be found on the web athttp://isotopes.lbl.gov/isotopes/toi.html. Data for the table are from Lide[1997]. Leigh [1990]. Anders and Grevesse [1989], and CE News [1985].

Physical Properties and Abundances of ElementsSome of the important physical properties of the naturally occurring elements aregiven in Table A.3. In this table the atomic weights, densities, melting and boilingpoints, and abundances of the elements are given.

The atomic weights are for the elements as they exist naturally on earth, or.in the cases of thorium and protactinium, to the isotopes which have the longesthalf-lives. For elements whose isotopes are all radioactive, the mass number of thelongest lived isotope is given in square brackets.

Mass densities for solids and liquids are given at 25 °C, unless otherwise indi-cated by a superscript temperature (in °C). Densities for normally gaseous elementsare for the liquids at their boiling points. The melting and boiling points at nor-mal pressures arc in degrees Celsius. Superscripts "t" and "s" are the critical andsublimation temperature (in degrees Celsius).

The solar system elemental abundances (atomic %) are based on meteorite aridsolar wind data. The elemental abundances in the earth's crust and in the oceansrepresent the median values of reported measurements. The concentrations of theless abundant elements may vary with location by several orders of magnitude.

Data are from the 78th edition of the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics [Lide1997], and have been extracted from tables on the web at http://isotopes.lbl.gov/isotopes/toi.html.

Properties of Stable and Long-Lived NuclidesIn Table A.4. the percent abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of eachelement is given. Also tabulated are the half-life and decay modes of all the ra-dionuclides with half-lives greater than one hour. In this table, percent abundancesof stable nuclides and naturally occurring radionuclides are displayed in bold face.

For a half-life of a radionuclide expressed in years (or multiples of years), theyear is the tropical year (1900) equal to 365.242 19878 d or 31 556925.9747 s. Thepercent frequencies of the principle decay modes for radioactive nuclides are givenin parentheses.


The data in Table A.4 are taken from the NuBase data evaluation first publishedby G. Audi, O. Bersillon, J. Blachot, and A.H. Wapstra, "The NuBase Evaluationof Nuclear Decay Properties," Nuclear Physics A, 624, 1-124, (1997). The data forthis table (and for short-lived radionuclides) are available from the Atomic MassData Center on the web at http://www-csnsm.in2p3.fr/amdc/nubase-en.html.

Internet Data SourcesThe data presented in this appendix are sufficient to allow you to do most assignedproblems. All of these data have been taken from the web, and you are encouragedto become familiar with these important resources. Some sites, which have manylinks to various sets of nuclear and atomic data are

http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/http://isotopes.Ibl.gov/isotopes/toi.htmlhttp://www.nndc.bnl.gov/usndp/usndp-subj ect.htmlhttp://www.-nds.iaea.or.at/indg_intro.htmlhttp://neutrino.nuc.berkeley.edu/NEadm.htmlhttp://www.fysik.lu.se/nucleardata/toi_.html

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ANDERS, E. AND N. GREVESSE, "Abundances of the Elements: Meteoritic and Solar,"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 197 (1989).

Chemical and Engineering News, 63(5), 27 (1985).

DEBlEVRE, P. AND P.D.P. TAYLOR, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 123, 149, 1993.

FIRESTONE, R.B., C.M. BAGLIN, and S.Y.F. CHU, Table of Isotopes (1999), Wiley, NewYork, 1999.

LEIGH, G.J., Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Blackwells Scientific PubL, Oxford(1990).

LlDE, D.R., ed., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press (1997).


http://www-csnsm.in2p3.fr

www.nndc.bnl.gov

http://www.fysik.lu.se/

Group

3(IIIB) 4(IVB) 5(VB) 6 (VIB) 7 (VIIB) 8 (VIII) 9 (VIII)

s K.(, "'Vs.1) sCa,, i4x l sSc,. -'"',• sTi,, 'S- * V,, .u'" sCr,, ™i" *Mn,,Si" «Fe,. :«M : nCo,, ^S '" x -'' i) -1 10 -* i I ~- n 24 | ; 25 i^ Zr> j ^ 27

xRb,7 * sSr,, i.is: s Y,g .w' sZr,n u m ' sNb,S - ' I > ••" 1 x -*y I S "*" i S "*

,, Msr; « W,. ";v sRe,. 5 5 % : J<Os,t 5» i : ! sir 442*7.1 . i x 7-1 ,s 7s • |s 76 ,s 77

sRa... '""' sAc.,,.3 ''m ' s1 ,^HS,08 ,^09

,i I269| ^ [268]

LanthanidesPr i61 ."!»o sSm62 I'm ijEu63 I?*, «GdM ':'

3 Actinides: J U92 !!.M" JNp,3 "44 jPuw g . ' ( ' n jCm,,,

1243j -j [247]

Table A.2. The periodic table of the elements. The new IUPAC group format numbers are from 1to 18, while the numbering system used by the Chemical Abstract. Service is given in parentheses.For elements that are not naturally abundant (e.g.. the transuranics). the mass number of thelongest-lived isotope is given in square brackets. The abundances are based on meteorite and solarwind data. The melting point (MP), boiling point (BP). arid critical point (CP) temperatures aregiven in degrees cclsius. Source: Firestone, Baglin. and Chu [1999],


18 (VIIIA)

13 (IIIA) 15 (VA) 16 (VIA) 17 (VIIA)

113.7184.4

M 546° I 18+1+5+7-1 1° 0126.90447 j 8 131.292.9x10"'% i 1.5x10 8%

HiBk97 ")5"°i 18 »'

.12 +3+4" 1247]

2 p.,. 900° 2 w-, 860°

32 +3 32 +32» ( 2 5 1 ]

| 2 j 2

1 1252,2

8Md,n, 827°

18 lul 8NO.ft,18 102

32 +1 32 + 2+^ 32 +2+^3» [257] 3i |258| 38 (259]

2 2 2

2T 1627°sLr.,,,18 ""32 +.135 [262]

2

Table A.2. (cont.) The periodic table of the elements. The new IUPAC group format numbersare from 1 to 18, while the numbering system used by the Chemical Abstract Service is givenin parentheses. For elements that are not naturally abundant (e.g., the transuranics), the massnumber of the longest-lived isotope is given in square brackets. The abundances are based onmeteorite and solar wind data. The melting point (MP), boiling point (BP), and critical point(CP) temperatures are given in degrees Celsius. Source: Firestone, Baglin, and Chu [1999].


Table A.3. Some physical properties and abundances of the elements.

Elemental Abundances

Z

I23456789

10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546

El

HHeLiBeBCa

NOFNeNaMgAlSiPSClArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPd

AtomicWeight

1.007944.0026026.9419.012182

10.81112.010714.0067415.999418.998403220.179722.98977024.305026.98153828.085530.97376132.06635.452739.94839.098340.07844.95591047.86750.941551.996154.93804955.84558.93320058.693463.54665,3969.72372.6174.9216078.9679.90483.8085.467887.6288.9058591.22492.9063895.94

[98]101.07102.90550106.42

Massdensity(g/cm3)

0.07080.1249010.5341.852,372.267015°0.8071.1411.501.2040.970.742.702.32961.822.0671.561.3960.891.542.994.56.07.157.37.8758.868.9128.9337.1345.915.3235.7762<)

4.80926°3.112.4181.532.644.476.528.5710.21112.112.412.0

MeltingPoint

-259-272.180.

128720754492'-210.-218.-219.-248.

97.650660.

141444.

115.-101.-189.

3425

0079625980

32

1521535

63.38842

154116681910190712461538149514551084.62419.

29.938.817'221

-7.-157.

537625

236

39.31777

15221855247726232157233419641554.9

BoilingPoint

-252.87-268.931342247140003842s6'-195.79-182.95-188.12-246.08883

109025193265

280.5444.60-34.04

-185.85759

1484283632873407267120612861292729132562

90722042833

614s

68558.8

-153.22688

138233454409474446394265415036952963

SolarSystem

91.08.91.86xlO"7

2.38xlO"9

6.9xlO"8

0.0330.01020.0782.7xlO"6

0.01120.0001870.003500.0002770.003263.4xlO~5

0.001681.7xlO"5

0.0003291.23xlO~5

0.0001991.12xlO"7

7.8xlO~6

9.6xlO"7

4.4xlO~5

S.lxlO"5

0.002947.3xlO"6

0.0001611.70x10"°4.11xlO"6

1.23xlO~7

3.9xlO"7

2.1xlO"8

2.03xlO~7

3.8xlO"8

1.5xlO"7

2.31xlO"8

7.7xlO"8

l.SlxlO"8

3.72xlO~8

2.28xlO~9

8.3xlO~9

6.1xlO"9

1.12xlO"9

4.5xlO~9

CrustalAverage(mg/kg)

14000.008202.810200194.61xl05

5850.0052.36xl04

2.33xl04

8.23xl04

2.82xl05

10503501453.52.09xl04

4.15xl04

2256501201029505.63xl04

25846070191.51.80.052.4IxlO"4

9037033165201.2

0.0010.0010.015

Earth'sOceans(mg/L)

1.08x107x10"°0.185.6x10"4.44280.58.57x101.31.2x10"1.08x1012900.0022.20.069051.94x100.453994126xlO~7

0.0010.00253xlO"4

2x10 "4

0.0022xlO"5

5.6x10"2.5x10"0.00493xlO"5

5xlO"5

0.00372xlO~4

67,32.1x10"0.127.91.3x10"3xlO"5

IxlO"5

0.01

7xlO~7

5

6

5

4

4

4

4

4

4

5

"graphite 'critical temperature '"sublimation temperature


Table A.3. (cont.) Some physical properties and abundances of the elements.

Elemental Abundances

Z

47484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192

El

AgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRnFrRaAcThPaU

AtomicWeight

107.8682 .112.411114.818118.710121.760127.60126.90447131.29132.90545137.327138.9055140.116140.90765144.24

[145]150.36151.964157.25158.92534162.50164.93032167.26168.93421173.04174.967178.49180.9479183.84186.207190.23192.217195.078196.96655200.59204.3833207.2208.98038[209][210][222][223][226][227]232.0381231.03588238.0289

Massdensity(g/cm3)

10.5018.697.317.2872€p

6.6852ef

6.2324.932CP

2.9531.933.626.158.166.777.017.267.525.247.908.238.558.809.079.326.909.8413.316.419.320.822.522.521.4619.28213.533611.811.3429.8079.32

4.4

510.0711.7215.3718.95

MeltingPoint

961321156231630449113

-11128

727918798931

102110421074822

131313561412147415291545819

166322333017342231863033244617681064

78076093635177544

418

-38.83304327.46271254302-7127

7001051175015721135

40

BoilingPoint

2162767

207226021587988184.4

-108.04671

189734643443352030743000179415963273323025672700286819501196340246035458555555965012442838252856356.73

147317491564962

-61.7

31984788

4131

SolarSystem

15

58x103x10"

6.0x10"11121111352

83111281

25x1001x1057x109x10"5x10"21x1046x1045x1070x1044x1070x10

42x1017x10

-9

9

10

-8

-9

-8

9

8

-9

-8

-9

-9

-10

-9

-10

-10

076xlO"9

97x10-10

286xlO"9

90x1018x1023x10

8.08x101564122461614

1

2

-10

-10

-10

-10

197xlO"10

02x1075x1034x1069x1020x1016x10

-10

-11

-10

-10

-9

-9

4xlO"9

1x10"11x100x10"03x107x10"

09x10

94x10

10

-9

10

-8

10

-10

-11

CrustalAverage(mg/kg)

0.0750.150.252.30.20.0010.453xlO"5

34253966.59.241.5

7.052.06.21.25.21.33.50.523.20.83.02.01.257xlO"4

0.00150.0010.0050.0040.0850.85140.00852xlO"10

4xlO~13

9xlO"7

5.5xlO"10

69.61.4xlO"6

2.7

Earth'sOceans(mg/L)

4xlO"5

l.lxlO"4

0.024xlO"6

2.4xlO"4

0.065xlO"5

3xlO"4

0.0133.4xlO"6

1.2xlO"6

6.4xlO~7

2.8xlO"6

4.5xlO"7

1.3xlO"7

7xlO"7

1.4xlO"7

9. IxlO"7

2.2xlO~7

8.7xlO"7

1.7xlO"7

8.2xlO"7

1.5xlO"7

7xlO"6

2xlO"6

IxlO"4

4xlO~6

4xlO"6

3xlO"5

1.9xlO~5

3xlO~5

2xlO"5

1.5xlO"14

6xlO"16

8.9xlO~n

IxlO"6

5xlO~n

0.0032


Table A.4. Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decay char-acteristics of radionuclides with 7\/2 > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

] H2H3H

3 He4 He6Li7Li

7Be9 Be

10BeIOBnB12C

13C

14 C14 N15 N16Q

17Q

18Q

19F

20 Ne21 Ne22 Ne22 Na23 Na24 Na

24Mg25 Mg26Mg

20 Al27A1

28Mg28 Si29 Si30 Si3 lp

32Si32p

32 g

33p

33 g

34 S

35 g

35 Cl36 g

36 Cl30 Ar3TC137 Ar38 Ar39 Ar39 K

40 Ar40 K

40 Ca41 K

41 Ca

Half-life

stablestable12.33 ystablestablestablestable53.29 dstable1.51 Mystablestablestablestable5.73 kystablestablestablestablestablestablestablestablestable2.6019 ystable14.9590 hstablestablestable740 kystable20.91 hstablestablestablestable132 y14.262 dstable25.34 dstablestable87.51 dstablestable301 kystablestable35.04 dstable269 ystablestable1.277 Gystablestable103 ky

Abund. / Decay Mode

99.9850.015#-(100)0.00013799.9998637.592.5EC(IOO)100.#-(100)19.980.198.891.11,3" (100)99.6340.36699.7620.0380.200100.90.480.279.258+ (100)100.#-(ioo)78.9910.0011.01#+(100)100.8- (100)92.234.673.10100.#-(ioo)fl-(ioo)95.02#-(100)0.754.21#-(100)75.770.02#-(98.1) #+(1.9)0.336524.23EC(IOO)0.0632#-(100)93.258199.60030.0117 #-(89. 28) #+(10.72)96.9416.7302EC (100)

Nucl.

42 Ar42R

42Ca43 K

43 Ca43 Sc

44Ca44 Sc

44m gc

44Ti

45 Ca45 Sc

46 Ca46 Sc4GTi

47 Ca47Sc47Ti

48 Ca48 Sc48Ti48 y

48 Cr49 Tj

49y

50Ti

50y

50 Cr51y

51Cr52 Cr

52 Mn52 Fe53 Cr

•™ Mn54 Cr

54 Mn54 Fe

55 Mn55Fe

55 Co50 Mn

56 Fe56 Co50 Ni57 Fe

57Co57 Ni58 Fe58 Co

58m CQ

58 Ni59 Fe59 Co59 Ni60 Fe

60 Co60 Ni

Half-life

32.9 y12.360 hstable22.3 hstable3.891 hstable3.927 h58.6 h64.8 y162.67 dstablestable83.79 dstable4.536 d3.3492 dstable51 Ey43.67 hstable15.9735 d21.56 hstable330 dstable150 Pystablestable27.702 dstable5.591 d8.275 hstable3.74 Mystable312.3 dstablestable2.73 y17.53 h2.5785 hstable77.27 d5.9 dstable271.79 d35.60 hstable70.82 d9.15 hstable44.503 dstable80 kv1.5 My5.2714 ystable

Abund. / Decay Mode

#-(100)#-(ioo)0.647#"(100)0.135#+(100)2.086#+(100)IT(98.80) #+(1.20)EC(IOO)#"(100)100.0.004#-(100)8.25#-(100)#-(100)7.440.187#-(100)73.72#+(100)#+(100)5.41EC (100)5.180.250 #+(83) #-(17)4.34599.750EC(IOO)83.789#+(100)#+(100)9.501EC (100)2.365EC(IOO)5.845100.EC(IOO)#+(100)#-(100)91.7548+ (100)#+(100)2.119EC(IOO)#+(100)0.282/3+(100)IT(IOO)68.077#-(100)100./T1 (100)#-(100)#-(100)26.223


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radionuclides with T^/2 > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

61 Co61Ni

61Cu62Ni62Zn63Ni

63Cu64 Ni

64 Cu64 Zn65Ni

65 Cu65ZnG6Ni6GZn66 Ga66GeG7Cu67Zn67GaG8Zn68 Ge

69m. 2ji69 Ga69 Ge70 Zn70 Ge

71mZn

71Ga71 Ge71 As72 Zn72Ga72 Ge72 As72 Se

73Ga73 Ge73 As73 Se

74 Ge74As74 Se75 As75Se

76 Ge70 As76 Se76 Br76Kr

77Ge77 As77Se77Br78Se78 Kr79 Se79 Br

Half-life

1.650 hstable3.333 hstable9.186 h100.1 ystablestable12.700 hstable2.5172 hstable244.26 d54.6 hstable9.49 h2.26 h61.83 hstable3.2612 dstable270.8 d13.76 hstable39.05 hstablestable3.96 hstable11.43 d65.28 h46.5 h14.10 hstable26.0 h8.40 d4.86 hstable80.30 d7.15 hstable17.77 dstablestable119.79 d1.09 Zy1.0778 dstable16.2 h14.8 h11.30 h38.83 hstable57.036 hstablestable<650 kystable

Abund. / Decay Mode

ft- (100)1.140ft+(100)3.634ft+(100)ft- (100)69.170.926ft+(61.0) ft' (39.0)48.6ft- (100)30.83ft+(100)ft- (100)27.9ft+(100)ft+(100)ft- (100)4.1EC(IOO)18.8EC(IOO)IT(~100) ft- (0.033)60.108ft+(100)0.621.23ft- (-100)39.892EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)27.66ft+(100)EC (100)ft- (100)7.73EC(IOO)ft+(100)35.94ft+(66) ft- (34)0.89100.EC(IOO)7.44ft- (-100) EC(<0.02)9.36ft+(100)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)7.63ft+(100)23.780.35ft- (100)50.69

Nucl.

79 Kr80Se

80m gr

80Kr

81Br

81Kr

81 Rb82 Se82Br

82Kr82m Rb

82gr

83Br83Kr

83m j^r

83 Rb83 Sr

84 Kr84 Rb84 Sr85Kr

85mKr85 Rb85Sr85 Y

85mYx

SGKr86 Rb86 Sr86y

86 Zr87 Rb87Sr

87m gr

87Y

87m YX

87Zr88Kr

88Sr88y

88 Zr89 Sr89 Y

89Zr89 Nb

89m,Nb

90 Sr90 Y

90m YX

90 Zr90Nb90 Mo

91Sr91Y

91Zr91Nb

91mNb

92 Sr

Half-life

35.04 hstable4.4205 hstablestable229 ky4.576 h121 Ey35.30 hstable6.472 h25.55 d2.40 hstable1.83 h86.2 d32.41 hstable32.77 dstable10.756 y4.480 hstable64.84 d2.68 h4.86 hstable18.631 dstable14.74 h16.5 h47.5 Gystable2.803 h79.8 h13.37 h1.68 h2.84 hstable106.65 d83.4 d50.53 dstable78.41 h1.9 h1.18 h28.84 y64.10 h3.19 hstable14.60 h5.56 h9.63 h58.51 dstable680 y60.86 d2.71 h

Abund. /

ft+(100)49.61IT(IOO)2.2549.31EC(IOO)ft+(100)8.73ft" (100)11.6ft+(-100EC(IOO)ft- (100)11.5IT (100)EC(IOO)ft+(100)57.0/3+(96.2)0.56ft- (100)ft- (78.6)72.165EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft+(-10017.3ft- (-1009.86ft+(100)ft+(100)27.835 ft7.00IT(~100)ft+(100)IT (98 A3)ft+(100)ft- (100)82.58ft+(100)EC(IOO)ft- (100)100.ft+(100)ft+(100)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)IT(~100)51.45ft+(100)ft+(100)ft- (ioo)ft- (100)11.22

Decay Mode

IT(<0.33)

ft- (3.8)

IT(21.4)

IT(<0.002)

EC(0.0052)

^(100)

EC(0.30)

ft+(1.57)

ft- (0.0018)

EC(~100) e+(0.0138)IT(93) EC(7) e+ (0.0028)ft" (100)


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radionuclides with T\/2 > 1 h- Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

92y92 Zr

92 Nb92,nNb

92 Mo93 y

93 Zr93Nb

93m Nb

93 Mo93771 Mo

93 Tc

94 Zr94 Nb94 Mo

95 Zr95Nb

95m Nb

95 Mo95Tc

95m rpc

95 Ru96 Zr

96 Nb96 Mo96 Tc96 Ru97Zr

97 Mo9rTc

97m Tc

97Ru98 Mo98 Tc98 Ru"Mo99 Tc

99m Tc

99 Ru99 Rh

™9 9Rh100 Mo100 Ru100 Rh100 pd101 Ru101 Rh

101mRh101 Pd102 Ru102Rh

102m f^102pd103 Ru103 Rh

103 pd

104 Ru104 pd

Half-life

3.54 hstable34.7 My10.15 dstable10.18 h1.53 Mystable16.13 v4.0 ky6.85 h2.75 hstable20.3 kystable64.02 d34.975 d86.6 hstable20.0 h61 d1.643 h39 Ey23.35 hstable4.28 dstable16.90 hstable2.6 My90.1 d2.9 dstable4.2 Mystable65.94 h211.1 ky6.01 hstable16.1 d4.7 h10.2 Eystable20.8 h3.63 dstable3.3 y4.34 d8.47 hstable206.0 d3.76 ystable39.26 dstable16.991 dstablestable

Abund. / Decay Mode

£~(100)17.15£+(~100) £~(<0.05)£+(100)14.84£-(100)£"(100)100.IT(IOO)EC(IOO)IT(~100) £+(0.12)(3+ (100)17.380-(lOO)9.25#-(100),5" (100)IT(94.4) (3- (5.6)15.92£+(100)0+ (96.12) IT(3.88)£+(ioo)2.80 2£-(100)16.68£+(100)5.52£~(100)9.55EC(IOO)IT(~100) EC(<0.34)£+(100)24.13£-(100)1.88fl-(lOO)0~(100)IT(~100) 0- (0.0037)12.7£+(100)£+(-100) IT(<0.16)9.6312.6£+(100)EC(IOO)17.0EC (100)EC(93.6) IT(6.4)0+(lOO)31.60+(80) £-(20)£+(-100) IT(0.23)1.020-(100)100.EC (100)18.711.14

Nucl.

105 Ru105 Rh105 pd

105 Ag

10GRu10Gpd

106m A

106 Cd107pd

107A

107Cd108pd

108mA

108 Cd109 Pd109 Ag

109Cd

109 In110 pd

110mA

110Cdiio ln

110Snl l lmp d

niAginCdinln

112pd

112Ag112 Cd112Sn113A

113 Cd113mCd

113 Inl]3m l n

113 Sn114 Cd

114171 In114Sn115 Cd

115mCd

115 In11 s™ In

115Sn116 Cd116Snii6Te

117Cd117r,,.Cd

117SnI17mgn

117Sb118 Sn

118mSb

118Te

119Sn

119mSn

Half-life

4.44 h35.36 hstable41.29 d373.59 dstable8.28 dstable6.5 Mystable6.50 hstable418 ystable13.7012 hstable462.6 d4.2 hstable249.76 dstable4.9 h4.11 h5.5 h7.45 dstable2.8047 d21.03 h3.130 hstablestable5.37 h7.7 Py14.1 ystable1.6582 h115.09 dstable49.51 dstable53.46 h44.6 d441 Ty4.486 hstable34 Eystable2.49 h2.49 h3.36 hstable13.60 d2.80 hstable5.00 h6.00 dstable293.1 d

Abund. /

£-(100)£~(100)22.33£+(100)£-(ioo)27.330+(lOO)1.250-(lOO)51.839(3+ (100)26.46£+(91.3)0.89£-(100)48.161EC (100)£+(100)11.72£-(98.64)12.49£+(100)EC(IOO)IT(73) £-£-(100)12.80EC(IOO)£-(100)£-(100)24.130.97£-(100)12.22 £-£~(~100)4.29IT(IOO)£+(100)28.73IT(96.7540.65£-(100)£-(100)95.71 0-IT(95.0) f.0.347.4914.54£+(100)£-(100)£~(100)7.68IT(IOO)£+(100)24.22£+(100)EC(IOO)8.58IT(IOO)

Decay Mode

[T(8.7)

IT(1.36)

(27)

(100)IT(0.14)

£+(3.25)

(100)?-(5.0)


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radionuclides with T\II > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

119Sb119Te

119mrpe

120Sn120mSb

120Te

121Sn121mSn

121Sb121 Te

121mTe

121J122Sn122Sb122Te

122Xe123Sn123Sb123Te

123mrpe

123j123Xe124Sn124Sb124 Te

124j124Xe125Sn125Sbi25Te

125m rpe

125j125Xe126Sn126Sbi26Te

126j126Xe127Sn127Sb127Te

127m Te

127J127Xe127Cs128Sb128Te

128Xe128Ba129Sb

129mrpe

129j129Xe

129mXe

129Cs129Ba

129mBa

130Te

Half- life

38.19 h16.03 h4.70 dstable5.76 dstable27.06 h55 ystable19.40 d154 d2.12 hstable2.7238 dstable20.1 h129.2 dstable>600 Ty119.7 d13.27 h2.08 hstable60.20 dstable4.1760 dstable9.64 d2.7582 ystable57.40 d59.408 d16.9 h207 ky12.46 dstable13.11 dstable2.10 h3.85 d9.35 h109 dstable36.4 d6.25 h9.01 h2.2 Yystable2.43 d4.40 h33.6 d15.7 Mystable8.88 d32.06 h2.23 h2.16 h790 Zy

Abund. / Decay Mode

EC(IOO)ft+(100)/3+(~100) IT(<0.008)32.59ft+(100)0.096ft- (100)IT(77.6) ft- (22 A)57.21(3+ (100)IT(88.6) ft+(UA)ft+(100)4.63(3~ (97.59) ft+(2Al)2.603EC(IOO)f3~ (100)42.790.908 EC(IOO)IT(IOO)ft+(100)ft+(100)5.79(3' (100)4.816(3+ (100)0.10ft- (100)ft- (100)7.139IT(IOO)EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)18.952/3+(56.3) ft- (43.7)0.09ft' (100)ft- (100)ft- (100)IT(97.6) ft~(2A)100.EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft- (100)31.6871.91EC(IOO)ft- (100)IT(63) ft- (37)ft- (100)26.4IT(IOO)ft+(100)ft+(100)ft+(~10Q)33.799 2ft- (100)

Nucl.

130j130Xe130Ba

131mrpe

131j131Xe

131mXe

131 Cs131Ba132Te

132j

132mlx

132Xe132Cs132Ba132La132Ce

133j133Xe

133mXe

133Cs133Ba

133mBa

133La133m Ce

134Xe134Cs

134m Cg

134Ba134Ce

135j135Xe135 Cs135Ba

135mBa

135La135Ce136Xe136 Cs136Ba136Ce137Cs137Ba137La137Ce

137m Ce

137pr

138Ba138La138 Ce

138m pr

138Nd

139La139Ce139pr

isgmj^-j140Ba140La

Half-life

12.36 hstablestable30 h8.02070 dstable11.84 d9.689 d11.50 d3.204 d2.295 h1.387 hstable6.479 dstable4.8 h3.51 h20.8 h5.243 d2.19 dstable10.51 y38.9 h3.912 h4.9 hstable2.0648 y2.903 hstable3.16 d6.57 h9.14 h2.3 Mystable28.7 h19.5 h17.7 hstable13.16 dstablestable30.07 ystable60 ky9.0 h34.4 h1.28 hstable105 Gystable2.12 h5.04 hstable137.640 d4.41 h5.50 h12.752 d1.6781 d

Abund. / Decay Mode

ft- (100)4.10.106ft- (77. 8) IT(22.2)ft- (100)21.2IT(IOO)EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)IT(86) ft' (14)26.9ft+ (98.13) ft- (1.87)0.101ft+(100)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)IT(IOO)100.EC(IOO)IT(~100) EC(0.0096)ft+(100)ft+(100)10.4ft- (100) EC(0.0003)IT(IOO)2.417EC(IOO)ft- (100)ft- (100)ft- (100)6.592IT(IOO)ft+(100)ft+(100)8.9ft- (100)7.8540.19ft- (100)11.23EC(IOO)ft+(100)IT(99.22) ft+(0.78)ft+(100)71.700.0902/3+ (66.4) ft~0.25ft+(100)ft+(100)99.9098EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft+(88.2) IT(11.8)ft~ (100)ft- (100)

(33.6)


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radioiiuclides with 7\ 79 > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

140 Ce140 Nd141 La141 Ce141 pr

141 Nd142 Ce142pr

142 Nd143 Ce143 Pr

143 Nd143pm

144 Ce144 Nd

144 pm

144 Sm145 Pr

145 Nd145 Prn145 Sm145 Eu146 Nd

146 Pm146 Sm146 Eu146 Gd147Nd

147 Pm147Sm147Eu147Gd147Tb

148 Nd148 Pm

148m pm

148 Sm

148 Eu148 Gd149 Nd

149 pm

149 Sm149 Eu149 Gd149 Tb150 Nd150 Pm150 Sm150 Eu

150 '"Eu150 Gd150 Tb

151 pm

151 Sm151 Eu151 Gd151 Tb152 Sm

Half-life

stable3.37 d3.92 h32.501 dstable2.49 hstable19.12 hstable33.039 h13.57 dstable265 d284.893 d2.29 Pv363 dstable5.984 hstable17.7 y340 d5.93 dstable5.53 y103 My4.59 d48.27 d10.98 d2.6234 y106 Gv24.1 d38.06 h1.7 hstable5.370 d41.29 d7Py54.5 d74.6 y1.728 h53.08 hstable93.1 d9.28 d4.118 h21 Ey2.68 hstable36.9 y12.8 li1.79 My3.48 h28.40 h90 ystable124 d17.609 hstable

Abund. / Decay Mode

88.48EC (100)#-(100)tr (loo)100.# + (100)11.08#~ (~100) EC(0.0164)27.13#-(100)/3-(100)12.183+ ( 1 00)#-(100)23.80 o'(100)#-"(100)"3.1#-(100)8.30EC(H)O) a(2.8e-7)EC(IOO)/ j^(K)O)17.19EC(66.0) #"(34.0)a(100)#+(100)EC (TOO)#"(100)#-(100)15.0 a (100)

Nucl.

152 Eu152 '"Eu

lr '2Gd152Tb

l-'2Dy153 Sm153 Eu153 Gd153 Tb153 Dy154 Sm151Eu154 Gd154 Tb

154,,, Th

154 "Tb154 Dy155 Eu155 Gd155Th

155Dvi r > ( iSm15(iEu

ir'"Gd15(iTb

150,,, Th

15GDy157Eu157 Gd157 Tb

#+(~100) rv(0.0022) l 5 7Dytf+('lOO) | 158Gd#+(100) 1!58Tb5.76 158Dy#-(100) i 158Er#-(95.0) IT(5.0) 159Gd11.3 a(100) 159Tb#+(100) o(9.4e-7) 159Dya(100) 1GOGd/r(100) 1(i()Tb3- (100) 100Dy

13.8 1G()"'HoEC (100)#4"(100) a:(4.3e-4)#-(83.3) a(16.7)5.64 2#'"( lOOz#"(100)7.4#* ( LOO)#•-(89) # + ( l l )a(l()0)#~(~100) A(<0.05)#-(100)3 (100)47.8EC (100)#+(-100) a (0.0095)26.7

i oo YX101 Tb1G1Dy1( i lHoK,iE r

102 Dy162 Er

1(i3Dv1()3Ho

163 Tin1G4Dy104 ErlteDyUjr'Hol«5Er

lG5Tm

Half-life

13.537 y9.3116 h108 Ty17.5 h"2.38 h46.27 hstable241.6 d2.34 d6.4 hstable8.593 ystable21.5 h9.4 h22.7 h3.0 My4.7611 ystable5.32 d9.9 h9.4 h15.19 dstable5.35 d24.4 hstable15.18 hstable71 y8.14 hstable180 ystable2.29 h18.479 hstable144,4 dstable72.3 dstable5.02 h28.58 h6.88 dstable2.48 h3.21 hstablestablestable4.570 ky1.810 hstablestable2.334 hstable10.36 h30.06 h

Abund. / Decay Mode

#+(72.1) #-(27.9)#-(72) # 4 ( 2 8 )0.20 a(100)#+(100)EC(~100) a(0.100)#-(100)52.2EC(IOO)#+(100)# r(~100) a(0.0094)22.7#-(-100) EC(0.02)2.18#+(-100) #-(<0.1)#+(78.2) IT(21.8) #-(<0.1)#J-(98.2) IT(1.8)a(100)#-(100)14.80EC (100)#+(100)#"(100)#~(100)20.47# f (100)IT (100)0.06#"(100)15.65EC(IOO)#+(100)24.84#+(83.4) #-(16.6)0.10EC(IOO)0- (100)100.EC (100)21.86#-(100)2.34IT(65) #+(35)EC(IOO)#-(100)18.9EC (100)#+(100)25.50.1424.9EC(IOO)#+(100)28.21.61#-(100)100.EC (100)# + (100)


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radionuclides with Ti/2 > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

166 Dy

166Ho166mHo

166Er

166Tm

166 Yb

167Ho167 Er

167Tm168Er

168Tm

168 Yb

169Er

169Tm

169Yb169Lu170Er

170Tm170Yb170 Lu170Rf

171 Er171Tm171 Yb171 Lu171 Hf172 Er

172Tm172 Yb172Lu172 Hf

173 Tm173 Yb173 Lu173 Hf173Ta174Yb174 Lu

174mLu

174Hf

174 Ta175 Yb175Lu175 Hf175 Ta176Yb

176Lu176mLu

176Hf

176 Ta176W

177Yb177Lu

177mLu

177 Hf177Ta178Hf

178npjf

Half-life

81.6 h26.83 h1.20 kystable7.70 h56.7 h3.1 hstable

_9.25 dstable93.1 dstable9.40 dstable32.026 d34.06 hstable128.6 dstable2.012 d16.01 h7.516 h1.92 ystable8.24 d12.1 h49.3 h63.6 hstable6.70 d1.87 y8.24 hstable1.37 y23.6 h3.14 hstable3.31 y142 d2.0 Py1.05 h4.185 dstable70 d10.5 hstable37.8 Gy3.635 hstable8.09 h2.5 h1.911 h6.734 d160.4 dstable56.56 hstable31 y

Abund. / Decay Mode

ft- (100)ft- (100)ft- (100)33.6ft+(100)EC(IOO)ft- (100)22.95EC(IOO)26.8/3+(~100) ft- (0.010)0.13ft- (100)100.EC(IOO)ft+(100)14.9/3-(~100) EC(0.131)3.05(3+ (100)EC(IOO)/3~(100)/3-(100)14.3/3+(100)/3+(100)/3-(100)/3-(100)21.9/3+ (100)EC(IOO)(3~ (100)16.12EC(IOO)/3+(100)/3+(100)31.8/3+(100)IT(99.38) EC(0.62)0.162 a(100)(3+ (100)(3~ (100)97.41EC(IOO)(3+ (100)12.72.59 ft- (100)/3-(~100) EC(0.095)5.206/9+(100)EC(IOO)/3-(100)/3-(100)/3-(78.3) IT(21.7)18.606(3+ (100)27.297IT(IOO)

Nucl.

178mTa

178W

179 Lu179Hf

179njjf179Ta180Hf

180m jjf180 Ta

180m Ta

180W

181Hf

181 Ta181W

181 Re182Hf

182 Ta182W

182 Re182m Re

1820s183Hf

183Ta183W

183 Re1830s

183mOs

184Hf

184 Ta184W

184 Re184m Re

1840s184Ir

185W

185 Re1850s

185Ir

186W

186 Re186 Os

186Ir

186m jr186 pt

187W

187 Re1870s187jr

187pt

188W

188 Re188Qs

188Ir

188pt

189 Re1890s

189m Os

189jr

Half-life

2.36 h21.6 d4.59 hstable25.05 d1.82 ystable5.5 h8.152 hstablestable42.39 dstable121.2 d19.9 h9 My114.43 dstable64.0 h12.7 h22.10 h1.067 h5.1 dstable70.0 d13.0 h9.9 h4.12 h8.7 hstable38.0 d169 dstable3.09 h75.1 dstable93.6 d14.4 hstable3.7183 d2.0 Py16.64 h1.92 h2.08 h23.72 h43.5 Gystable10.5 h2.35 h69.4 d16.98 hstable41.5 h10.2 d24.3 hstable5.8 h13.2 d

Abund. / Decay

(3+ (100)EC (100)ft- (100)13.629IT(IOO)EC(IOO)35.100

Mode

IT(~100) ft- (0.3)EC(86) ft- (14)0.0120.120ft- (100)99.988EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)26.49810+ (100)ft+(100)EC(IOO)ft- (100)ft- (100)14.314EC(IOO)ft+(100)ft+(85) IT(15)ft- (100)ft- (100)30.642ft+(100)IT(75.4) EC(24.6)0.020ft+(100)ft- (100)37.40EC(IOO)ft+(100)28.426ft- (93.1) EC(6.91.58 a(100)ft+(100)ft+(~100)ft+(100)ft- (100)62.60 ft- (100)1.6ft+(100)ft+(100)ft- (100)ft- (100)13.3ft+(100)EC(IOO)ft- (100)16.1IT(IOO)EC(IOO)

)


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radionuclides with Ti/2 > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl.

189Pt190"'Re

1900si90Ir

190m Ir

190njr

190pt

1910s191n,0s

191Ir

191 pt

191 Au192 Os

192 Ir192n lr

192pt

192 An192H

193 Qs

193 Ir193m Ir

193pt

193m p{.193 Au193 Hg

193m Hg

194 Os194 jr

194nlr

194 Pt194 Au194 Hg

195 Ir

195m jr

195pt

195mpt195 Au195Hg

195,nH

195T]

196mlr

196 pt

196 Au196"Au

196Hg

196^1196m,rpi

197pt

197 Au197Hg

197m Hg

197T1

198 Pt198 Au

198mAu

198Hg

198rp|

198m pi

Half-life

10.87 h3.2 hstable11.78 d1.120 h3.087 h650 Gy15.4 d13.10 hstable2.802 d3.18 hstable73.831 d241 ystable4.94 h4.85 h30.5 hstable10.53 d50 y4.33 d17.65 h3.80 h11.8 h6.0 y19.28 h171 dstable38.02 h440 y2.5 h3.8 hstable4.02 d186.10 d9.9 h41 .6 h1.16 h1.40 hstable6.183 d9.6 hstable1.84 h1.41 h19.8915 hstable64.14 h23.8 h2.84 hstable2.69517 d2.27 rlstable5.3 h1.87 h

Abund. / Decay Mode

8+ (1 00)/3~(54.4) IT(45.6)26.4/3+(100)IT (100)0+(91A) IT(8.6)0.01 a(100)0-(100)IT(IOO)37.3EC (100)(3+ (100)41.0ft- (95.24) EC(4.76)IT (100)0.79(3+ (100)EC (100)0-(ioo)62.7IT (100)EC (100)IT (100)0+ (100)13+ (100),9+ (92.9) IT(7.1)ft- (100)ft- (100)0-(ioo)32.98+ (100)EC (100)0-(100)0-(95) IT(5)33.8IT (100)EC(IOO)/3+(100)IT(54.2) /3+(45.8)8+ (100)/3~(~100) IT(<0.3)25.3/?+ (93.05) £-(6.95)IT(IOO)0.15(3+ (100)0+ (95. 5) IT(4.5)0-(10Q)100.EC (100)IT(91.4) EC(8.6)/3+(100)7.20-(100)IT (100)9.97(3+ (100)/3+(54) IT(46)

Nucl.

198pb

199 Au199 H

199Tj

200 pt

200m Au

200 H

200 T1

200 pb

201 Hg201rpj

201pb

202pt

202 Hg202 rpj

202 Pb202m pb

202 Bi203H

203 -p]

203 Pb203 Bi

204H

204 p|

204 Pb204 Bi204 Po205 T1

205pb

205 Bi205 p0

206 Pb206 Bi206 Po207pb

207Bi

207 Po207At208 pb

208 Bi208 Po208 At209 Pb209 Bi209 Po209 At210 Pb2ioBi

210m Bi

210pQ

210At210Rn211 At211Rn212pb

222 Rri223 Ra224 Ra

Half-life

2.40 h3.139 dstable7.42 h12.5 h18.7 hstable26.1 h21.5 hstable72.912 h9.33 h44 hstable12.23 d52.5 ky3.53 h1.72 h46.612 dstable51.873 h11.76 hstable3.78 ystable11.22 h3.53 hstable15.3 My15.31 d1.66 hstable6.243 d8.8 dstable31.55 y5.80 h1.80 hstable368 ky2.898 y1.63 h3.253 hstable102 y5.41 h22.3 y5.013 d3.04 My138.376 d8.1 h2.4 h7.214 h14.6 h10.64 h3.8235 d11.435 d3.66 d

Abund. / Decay Mode

0+(lQO),3" (100)16.87(3+ (100)(3~ (100)(3~ (82) IT (18)23.100+(100)EC(IOO)13.18EC(IOO)0+(100)0-(100)29.866+ (100)EC(~100)IT(90.5) EC(9.5)(3+ (100)0-(100)29.524EC(IOO)0+(100)6.87ft- (97.10) EC(2.90)1.40+(100)/3+(99.34) a(0.66)70.476EC(IOO)0+(100)/3+(~100) a(0.04)24.10+(100)/3+(94.55) a(5.45)22.10+(100)/3+(~100) a(0.021)0+(91A) a(8.6)52.40+(100)a(~100) 0+ (0.00223)0+ (99.45) a(0.55)0-(100)100.a(~100) 0+(OA8)0+(95.9 5) a(4.1)0-(ioo)0-(100)a(100)a(100)/3+(~100) a(0.175)a(96) 0+(4)EC(58.20) a(41.80)0+(72.6) a(27A)0-(100)a(lOO)a (100)a (100)


Table A.4. (cont.) Percent isotopic abundances (bold) of naturally occurring nuclides and decaycharacteristics of radionuclides with Ti2 > 1 h. Branching ratios are in percent.

Nucl. Half-life Abund. / Decay Mode Nucl. Half-life Abund. / Decay Mode

224 Ac225Ra225 Ac226 Ra226 Ac227 Ac227Th

228 Ra228 Ac228Th

228 Pa229Th

229 Pa230Th

230pa

230 u

231Th

231Pa231 u

232Th

232 Pa232 u

233 Pa233TJ

234Th

234 Pa234 LI

234Np234pu

235 u

235Np

236TJ

236 Np

236mNp

236 pu

237

237pu

238 u

238Np

238pu

238Cm

239Np

239 pu

239 Am239Cm

240 u240Pu

240 Am240Cm

241Pu 14.35 y

241Am241 Cm242pu

242 Am

2.9 h /3+(90.9) a(9.1)14.9 d ft-(100)10.0 d a(100)1.600 ky a(100)29.37 h ft-(83) EC(17) a(0.006)21.773 y 0- (98.62) a(1.38)18.72 d a(100)5.75 y ft-(100)6.15 h ft-(100)1.9131 y a(100)22 h ft+(98.15) a(1.85)7.34 ky a(100)1.50 d EC(~100) a(0.48)75.38 ky a(100)17.4 d ft+(91.6) ft-(8.4) a(0.0032)20.8 d a(100) SF(<1.4e-10)25.52 h (3~ (100)32.76 ky a(100)4.2 d EC(~100) a(0.004)14.05 Gy 100. a(100) SF(lle-lO)1.31 d * /?-(~100) EC(0.003)68.9 y a(100)26.967 d ft-(100)159.2 ky a(100) SF(<6e-9)24.10d ft-(100)6.70 h (3~ (100) SF(<3e-10)245.5 ky 0.0055 a(100) SF(1.73e-9)4.4 d /3+(100)8.8 h EC(~94) a(~6)703.8 My 0.720 a(100) SF(7e-9)396.1 d EC(~100) a(0.00260)23.42 My a(100) SF(9.6e-8)154 ky EC(87.3) ft~(12.5) a(0.16)22.5 h EC(52) /3~(48)2.858 y a(100) SF(1.36e-7)6.75 d /3~(100)2.144 My a(100)45.2 d EC(~100) a(0.0042)4.468 Gy 99.2745 a(100) SF(5.45e-5)2.117 d ft-(100)87.7 y a(100) SF(1.9e-7)2.4 h EC(~90) a(~10)2.3565 d /3~(100)24.11 ky a(100) SF(3.1e-10)11.9 h EC(~100) a(0.010)2.9 h /3+(~100) a(<0.1)14.1 h ft-(100) a(<le-10)6.564 ky a(100) SF(5.7e-6)50.8 h ft+(100) a(~1.9e-4)27 d a(~100) EC(<0.5)

SF(3.9e-6)ft-(-100) a(0.00245)SF(<2.4e-14)

432.2 y a(100) SF(4.3e-10)32.8 d EC(99.0) a(l.O)373.3 ky a(100) SF(5.49e-4)16.02 h ft-(82.7) EC(17.3)

lAm 141 y

243Bk244 pu

244 Am244Cm244 Bk245 pu

245 Am245 Cm245 Bk246pu

246 Cm246 Bk246 Cf247pu

247Cm247Bk247Cf

248Cm248m Bk

248 Cf249 Bk

249 Cf250Cm250Bk

250Cf

250Eg

250m Es

251Cf

251ES251Fm

252Cm252Cf

252Es

252pm

253Cf

253 ES253pm

254Cf

254 ES254m Es

254pm

255 ES

255Fm

256m Es

257Fm

257Md

162.8 d4.956 h7.37 ky29.1 y

4.5 h80.8 My10.1 h18.10 y4.35 h10.5 h2.05 h8.5 ky4.94 d10.84 d4.73 ky1.80 d35.7 h2.27d15.6 My1.38 ky3.11 h340 ky23.7 h333.5 d320 d

351 y9ky3.217 h13.08 y8.6 h2.22 h900 y33 h"5.30 h<2 d2.645 y471.7 d25.39 h17.81 d20.47 d3.00 d60.5 d275.7 d39.3 h

3.240 h39.8 d

20.07 h7.6 h100.5 d5.52 h51.50 d

IT(~100) a(0.459)SF(1.5e-8)a(100) SF(6.33e-6)ft-(100)a(100) SF(3.7e-9)a(~100) EC(0.29)SF(5.3e-9)

(~9)

a(~100) SF(0.123)ft- (100)a(100) SF(1.347e-4)/3+(~100) a(0.006)(3~ (100)/3- (100)a(100) SF(6.1e-7)EC(~100) a(0.12)(3- (100)a(~100) SF(0.02614)^+(-100) a(<0.2)a(100) SF(2.0e-4)ft- (100)a(lOO)a(~100)EC(~100) a(0.035)a (91. 74) SF(8.26)ft- (70 5) EC(30) a(O.OOl)a(~100) SF(0.0029)/3~(~100) a(0.00145)SF(47e-9)a(100) SF(5.2e-7)SF(~80) a(~ll) ftft- (100)a(~100) SF(0.077)(3+(>97) a(<3)EC(>99) a(<l)a(100)EC(~100) a(0.49)(3+(98.20) a(1.80)ft- (100)a(96.908) SF(3.092)a(76) EC(24) /a(~100) SF(0.0023)/?-(~100) a(0.31)a(100) SF(8.7e-6)EC(88) a(12)SF(~100) a(0.31)a(100)ft- (98) IT(<3) a(0.33)EC(0.078) SF(<0.045)a(~100) SF(0.0592)ft- (92.0) a(8.0)SF(0.0041)a(100) SF(2.4e-5)^-(~100) SF(0.002)a(~100) SF(0.210)EC(84.8) a(15.2)a(~100)


Appendix B

Atomic Mass Table

Atomic Mass TablesIn this appendix a series of tables of atomic masses is given. These data are fromthe "The 1995 update to the atomic mass evaluation" by G. Audi and A.H. WapstraNuclear Physics, A595, Vol. 4 p. 409 480, December 25, 1995.


Table B.I. Atomic mass tables

N Z

1 00 11 12 11 23 12 21 34 13 22 31 45 14 23 32 45 24 33 42 56 25 34 43 52 67 26 35 44 53 68 27 36 45 54 63 78 37 46 55 64 79 38 47 56 65 74 89 48 57 66 75 810 49 58 67 76 85 9

A El

1 nH

2 H3 HHe

4 HHeLi

5 HHeLiBe

6 HHeLiBe

7 HeLiBeB

8 HeLiBeBC

9 HeLiBeBC

10 HeLiBeBCN

11 LiBeBCN

12 LiBeBCNO

13 BeBCN0

14 BeBCN0F

Atomic Mass(/xu)

11233444555566667777888889999910101010101011111111111212121212121313131313

008664.9233007825.0321014101.7780016049.2675016029.3097027830002603.2497027180039540012220012540040790044940018888.1015122.3019726028030016004.0016929.2029920033922022486.7005305.09024606.7037675043820026789.1012182.1013328.8031040.1052400035481013533.7012937.0016853.1042620043796021658009305.5011433.8026800053780026921014352.1000000.0018613.2034405036130017780.3003354.8378005738.58024810

14 0428201414141414

025404003241.988003074.0052008595.29036080

N

1098761110987612111098713121110987141312111098141312111098151413121110981615141312111098161514

Z

5678956789105678910567891011567891011678910111267891011121367891011121314789

A El

15 BCNOF

16 BCNOFNe

17 BCNOFNe

18 BCN0FNeNa

19 BCNOFNeNa

20 CNOFNeNaMg

21 CN0FNeNaMgAl

22 CN0FNeNaMgAlSi

23 N0F

Atomic Mass

15 03109715 010599.315 000108.898415 003065.415 01801016 03981016 01470116 006101.415 994914.622116 01146616 02575717 04693017 02258417 00845016 999131.5017 002095.2417 01770018 05617018 02676018 01408217 999160.418 000937.718 005697.118 02718019 06373019 03525019 01702719 00357918 998403.2019 001879.819 01387920 04032020 02337020 004076.219 999981.3219 992440.175920 00734820 01886321 04934021 02709021 00865520 999948.920 993846.7420 997655.121 01171421 02804022 05645022 03444022 00997022 00299921 991385.5121 994436.821 999574.122 01952022 03453023 04051023 01569023 003570

N Z

13 1012 1111 1210 139 1417 716 815 914 1013 1112 1211 1310 149 1517 816 915 1014 1113 1212 1311 1410 1518 817 916 1015 1114 1213 1312 1411 1510 1618 917 1016 1115 1214 1313 1412 1511 1619 918 1017 1116 1215 1314 1413 1512 1611 1720 919 1018 1117 1216 1315 1414 1513 1612 1720 10

A El

NeNaMgAlSi

24 N0FNeNaMgAlSiP

25 OFNeNaMgAlSiP

26 OFNeNaMgAlSiPS

27 FNeNaMgAlSiPS

28 FNeNaMgAlSiPSCl

29 FNeNaMgAlSiPSCl

30 Ne

Atomic Mass(/nil)

2222222323242424232323232424252524

994467.34989769.67994124.9007265025520050500020370008100993615990963.33985041.90999941011546034350029140012090997790

24 989954.424242525262626252525252626272726262626262728282727272727282829292928282828282930

985837.02990428.6004107020260037750019630000460992590982593.04986891.66992330011780027880026890007620994010984340.74981538.44986704.76999190018800035670012110998890983876.7981910.18976926.5327992312004370028510043260019350002810988550980444.8976494.72981801.4996610014110023870


Table B.I. Atomic mass tables (cont.)

N Z

19 1118 1217 1316 1415 1514 1613 1712 1821 1020 1119 1218 1317 1416 1515 1614 1713 1822 1021 1120 1219 1318 1417 1516 1615 1714 1813 1922 1121 1220 1319 1418 1517 1616 1715 1814 1923 1122 1221 1320 1419 1518 1617 1716 1815 1914 2024 1123 1222 1321 1420 1519 1618 1717 1816 1915 2024 1223 13

A El

NaMgAlSiPsClAr

31 NeNaMgAlSiPSClAr

32 NeNaMgAlSiPSClArK

33 NaMgAlSiPSClArK

34 NaMgAlSiPSClArKCa

35 NaMgAlSiPSClArKCa

36 MgAl

Atomic Mass(MU)

30292929292930303131303030303030313232313131313131313233333232323232323334343333333333333334353534343434343434353636

009230990460982960973770.22978313.8984903004770021560033110013600996550983946975363.27973761.51979554.4992420012130039910019650999150988120974148.1973907.16972070.69985689997660021920027390005590990870978001971725.3971458.50977451.8

N

22212019181716152524232221201918171625242322212019181716262524232221

989930 20007260 19034900 18009070 17996930 26978576 25973636 24967866.83 23973761.97 22980270 21998410 20014120 19044180 18017490 17999940984580973314.2969032.14968852.71975256.7988012004770022450006350

27262524232221201918

Z A

141516171819202112 3713141516171819202113 3814151617181920212213 3914151617181920212214 4015161718192021222314 41151617181920212223

El

SiPSClArKCaScMgAlSiPSClArKCaScAlSiPSClArKCaScTiAlSiPSClArKCaScTiSiPSClArKCaScTiVSiPSClArKCaScTiV

Atomic Mass(MU)

35 98669035 97826035 967080.8835 968306.9535 967546.2835 98129335 99309036 01492037 03124037 01031036 99300036 97961036 971125.7236 965902.6036 966775.936 973376.9136 98587237 00305038 01690037 99598037 98447037 97116337 968010.5537 962732.237 969080.137 97631937 99470038 00977039 02190039 00230038 98642038 97514038 968007.738 96431338 963706.938 970717.738 98479039 00132040 00580039 99105039 97547039 97042039 962383.12339 963998.6739 962591.239 97796439 99050040 01109041 01270040 99480040 98003040 97065040 964500.840 961825.9740 962278.340 969251.340 98313040 999740

N Z

28 1427 1526 1625 1724 1823 1922 2021 2120 2219 2318 2428 1527 1626 1725 1824 1923 2022 2121 2220 2319 2429 1528 1627 1726 1825 1924 2023 2122 2221 2320 2419 2530 1529 1628 1727 1826 1925 2024 2123 2222 2321 2420 2519 2631 1530 1629 1728 1827 1926 2025 2124 2223 2322 2421 2520 2631 1630 17

A El

42 SiPSClArKCaScTiVCr

43 PSClArKCaScTiVCr

44 PSClArKCaScTiVCrMn

45 PSClArKCaScTiVCrMnFe

46 PSClArKCaScTiVCrMnFe

47 SCl

Atomic Mass(AMI)

42424141414141414141424342424242424242424244

016100000090981490973170963050962403.1958618.3965516.8973032991230006430003310986600974200965670960716958766.8961151.0968523980650997710009880

43 9883204343434343434343444544444444444444444444454645454545454545454545464746

978540965365961560955481.1959403.0959690.2974400985470006870015140994820979700968090960700956185.9955910.2958124.3965782979160994510014560023830999570984120968090961976953692.8955170.3952629.5960199.5968362986720000810007620987950



N Z

29 1828 1927 2026 2125 2224 2323 2422 2521 2632 1631 1730 1829 1928 2027 2126 2225 2324 2423 2522 2621 2733 1632 1731 1830 1929 2028 2127 2226 2325 2424 2523 2622 2733 1732 1831 1930 2029 2128 2227 2326 2425 2524 2623 2722 2834 1733 1832 1931 2030 2129 2228 2327 2426 2525 2624 2723 2834 18

A El

ArKCaScTiVCrMnFe

48 SClArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCo

49 SClArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCo

50 ClArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNi

51 ClArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNi

52 Ar

Atomic Mass(MU)

46 97219046 96167846 954546.546 952408.046 951763.846 954906.946 96290746 97610046 99289048 01299047 99485047 97507047 96551347 95253447 95223547 947947.147 952254.547 95403647 96887047 98056048 00176049 02201048 99989048 98218048 96745048 95567348 95002448 947870.848 948516.948 951341.148 95962348 97361048 98972050 00773049 98594049 97278049 95751849 95218749 944792.149 947162.849 946049.649 954244.049 96299049 98154049 99593051 01353050 99324050 97638050 96147050 95360350 946616.050 943963.750 944771.850 948215.550 95682550 97072050 98772051 998170

N

33323130292827262524233534333231302928272625243534333231302928272625243635343332313029282726253635343332313029282726

Z

19202122232425262728291819202122232425262728291920212223242526272829301920212223242526272829302021222324252627282930

A El

KCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCu

53 ArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCu

54 KCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZn

55 KCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZn

56 CaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZn

Atomic Mass(MU)

51515151515151515151515352525252525252525252525353535353535353535353535454545454

982610965100956650946898944779.7940511.9945570.1948117963590975680997180006230987120970050959240949730944343940653.8941294.7945312.3954225968460985550993990974680963000950870946444938884.9940363.2939614.8948464.1957910976710992950999390980550967430955120947240

54 940844.25454545454545555555555555555555555

938049.6938298.0942003.1951336966050983980985790972660957990950360940645938909.4934942.1939843.9942136958560972380

N

25373635343332313029282726373635343332313029282726383736353433323130292827383736353433323130292827393837363534333231

Z

31202122232425262728293031212223242526272829303132212223242526272829303132222324252627282930313233222324252627282930

A El

Ga57 Ca

ScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGa

58 ScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGe

59 ScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGe

60 TiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAs

61 TiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZn

Atomic Mass(/LIU)

55 99491056 99236056 97704056 96290056 95236056 94375056 93828756 935398.756 936296.256 93980056 94921656 96491056 98293057 98307057 96611057 95665057 94425057 93999057 933280.557 935757.657 935347.957 944540.757 95460057 97425057 99101058 98804058 97196058 95930058 94863058 94045058 934880.558 933200.258 934351.658 939504.158 94927058 96337058 98175059 97564059 96450059 94973059 94319059 93407759 933822.259 930790.659 937368.159 94183259 95706059 97019059 99313060 98202060 96741060 95409060 94446060 93674960 932479.460 931060.460 933462.260 939514



N

30292839383736353433323130294039383736353433323130403938373635343332314140393837363534333231414039383736353433324241

Z A

31323323 622425262728293031323323 632425262728293031323324 6425262728293031323324 652526272829303132333425 6626272829303132333425 6726

El

GaGeAsVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeMnFe

Atomic Mass(/zu)

60 94917060 96379060 98062061 97314061 95580061 94797061 93677061 93405461 928348.861 93258761 93433461 94418061 95465061 97320062 97675062 96186062 94981062 94012062 93361562 929672.962 929601.162 933215.662 93914062 94964062 96369063 96420063 95373063 94087063 93581463 927969.663 929767.963 929146.663 93683863 94157063 95757064 97037064 95610064 94494064 93648564 930088.064 927793.764 929245.164 932739.364 93944064 94948064 96466065 96082065 94598065 93983065 92911565 928873.065 926036.865 93159265 93385065 94437065 95521066 96382066 950000

N Z

40 2739 2838 2937 3036 3135 3234 3333 3432 3542 2641 2740 2839 2938 3037 3136 3235 3334 3433 3543 2642 2741 2840 2939 3038 3137 3236 3335 3434 3533 3643 2742 2841 2940 3039 3138 3237 3336 3435 3534 3644 2743 2842 2941 3040 3139 3238 3337 3436 3535 3634 3745 2744 2843 2942 3041 3140 3239 33

A El

CoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBr

68 FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBr

69 FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr

70 CoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr

71 CoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRb

72 CoNiCuZnGaGeAs

Atomic Mass(MU)

66666666666666666667676767676767676767686868686868686868686869696969696969696969707070707070707070707071717171717171

940610931570927750927130.9928204.9932738939190950090964790952510944360931845929640924847.6927983.5928097936790941870958250957700945200935180929425926553.5925581927972932280939560950180965320949810936140932409925325926028924250.4930930933500944620956010951730940000932620927727924705.0924954.0927115932270939250950510965320956410941300935520926861926369.4922076.2926753

N

38373635454443424140393837363546454443424140393837364746454443424140393837484746454443424140393849484746454443424140

Z A

3435363728 732930313233343536373828 742930313233343536373828 752930313233343536373828 762930313233343536373828 77293031323334353637

El Atomic Mass(MU)

Se 71Br 71Kr 71Rb 71Ni 72Cu 72Zn 72Ga 72Ge 72As 72Se 72Br 72Kr 72Rb 72Sr 72Ni 73Cu 73Zn 73Ga 73Ge 73As 73Se 73Br 73Kr 73Rb 73Sr 73Ni 74Cu 74Zn 74Ga 74Ge 74As 74Se 74Br 74Kr 74Rb 74Sr 74Ni 75Cu 75Zn 75Ga 75Ge 75As 75Se 75Br 75Kr 75Rb 75Sr 75Ni 76Cu 76Zn 76Ga 76Ge 76As 76Se 76Br 76Kr 76Rb 76

927112936500941910959080946080936490929780925170923459.4923825926767931790938930950370965970947910940200929460926940921178.2923929.1922476.6929891933260944470956310952970941700932940926501922859.5921596.4922523.6925776931034938569949920955330945990933390928930921402.7922393.9919214.1924542925948935071941610960830947950937090929280923548.5920647.7919914.6921380924668930407



N Z

39 3838 3950 2849 2948 3047 3146 3245 3344 3443 3542 3641 3740 3839 3950 2949 3048 3147 3246 3345 3444 3543 3642 3741 3840 3939 4051 2950 3049 3148 3247 3346 3445 3544 3643 3742 3841 3940 4051 3050 3149 3248 3347 3446 3545 3644 3743 3842 3941 4040 4152 3051 3150 3249 3348 3447 3546 3645 37

A El

SrY

78 NiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrY

79 CuZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZr

80 CuZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZr

81 ZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNb

82 ZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRb

Atomic Mass

7676777777777777777777

937760949620963800952810938570931660922853921829917309.5921146920386

77 92814177777878787878787878787878787979797979797979797979798080808080808080808080808181818181818181

932179943500955280942680932920925400920948918499.8918337.6920083923997929707937350949160961890944410936590925445922578916521.8918530.0916378922519924525934340940550950480937750928820922133917992.9916291916592"918994923213929130936820949050954840943160929550924500916700.0916805913484.6918208

N

44434241525150494847464544434241535251504948474645444342535251504948474645444342545352515049484746454443545352515049

Z

38394041313233343536373839404142313233343536373839404142323334353637383940414243323334353637383940414243333435363738

A El

SrYZrNb

83 GaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMo

84 GaGeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMo

85 GeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTc

86 GeAsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTc

87 AsSeBrKrRbSr

Atomic Mass

81 91840181 92679081 93109081 94313082 94687082 93451082 92498082 91911982 91518082 91413682 91511282 91755582 92235082 92865082 93670082 94874083 95234083 93731083 92906083 91846583 91650483 91150783 91438583 91342583 92039083 92325083 93357083 94009084 94269084 93181084 92224084 91560884 91252784 911789.384 91293384 91642784 92147084 92791084 93659084 94894085 94627085 93623085 92427185 91879785 910610.385 911167.185 909262.485 91488885 91647085 92504085 93070085 94288086 93958086 92852086 92071186 913354.386 909183.586 908879.3

N Z

48 3947 4046 4145 4244 4343 4455 3354 3453 3552 3651 3750 3849 3948 4047 4146 4245 4344 4456 3355 3454 3553 3652 3751 3850 3949 4048 4147 4246 4345 4444 4556 3455 3554 3653 3752 3851 3950 4049 4148 4247 4346 4445 4557 3456 3555 3654 3753 3852 3951 4050 4149 4248 4347 4446 4545 4658 3457 35

A El

YZrNbMoTcRu

88 AsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTcRu

89 AsSeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRh

90 SeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRh

91 SeBrKrRbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPd

92 SeBr

Atomic Mass

86868686868687878787878787878787878788888888888888888888888888898989898989898989898989909090909090909090909090909191

910877.8914817920360927330936530949180944560931420924070914447911319905614.3909503.4910226917960921953932830940420949230936020926390917630912280907452.9905847.9908889913500919481927540936110949380939420930630919524914809907737.6907151.4904703.7911264913936923560929780942870945370933970923440916534910210907303905645.0906991911751918430926380936550949480949330939260



N

56555453525150494847465857565554535251504948475958575655545352515049484759585756555453525150494860595857565554535251

Z A

363738394041424344454635 93363738394041424344454635 9436373839404142434445464736 95373839404142434445464736 96373839404142434445

El At

Kr 91Rb 91Sr 91Y 91Zr 91Nb 91Mo 91Tc 91Ru 91Rh 91Pd 91Br 92Kr 92Rb 92Sr 92Y 92Zr 92Nb 92Mo 92Tc 92Ru 92Rh 92Pd 92Br 93Kr 93Rb 93Sr 93Y 93Zr 93Nb 93Mo 93Tc 93Ru 93Rh 93Pd 93Ag 93Kr 94Rb 94Sr 94Y 94Zr 94Nb 94Mo 94Tc 94Ru 94Rh 94Pd 94Ag 94Kr 95Rb 95Sr 95Y 95Zr 95Nb 95Mo 95Tc 95Ru 95Rh 95

Dniic Mass(AIU)

926153919725911030908947905040.1907193.2906810915260920120931980940420943100931270

N Z

50 4649 4748 4861 3660 3759 3858 3957 4056 4155 4254 4353 4452 45

922033 51 46914022909582906475.6906377.5906812910248917050925740935910948680934360926407915360911594906315.8907283.5905087.6909656911360921700928770942780939840929319919358912824908042.7906835.2905841.5907656910413915900924690935480943070934284921680915898908276908100904678.9907871907598914518

50 4749 4861 3760 3859 3958 4057 4156 4255 4354 4453 4552 4651 4750 4849 4962 3761 3860 3959 4058 4157 4256 4355 4454 4553 4652 4751 4850 4963 3762 3861 3960 4059 4158 4257 4356 4455 4554 4653 4752 4851 4950 5064 3763 38

A El

PdAgCd

97 KrRbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCd

98 RbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdIn

99 RbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdIn

100 RbSr

YZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSn

101 RbSr

Atomic Mass(MU)

9595959696969696969696969696969697979797979797979797979797989898989898989898989898989999999999999999999999999999100100

918220930680939770948560937340926149918131910951908097.1906021.0906365907555911340916480924000934940941700928471922220912746910331905407.8907216905287910716912721921760927580942240945420933320924635916511911618907711.6906254.6905939.3908132911768917600925010934610949870935350927760917760914181907477907657.6904219.7908117908505916070920230931150938950953200940520

N Z

62 3961 4060 4159 4258 4357 4456 4555 4654 4753 4852 4951 5065 3764 3863 3962 4061 4160 4259 4358 4457 4556 4655 4754 4853 4952 5065 3864 3963 4062 4161 4260 4359 4458 4557 4656 4755 4854 4953 5052 5166 3865 3964 4063 4162 4261 4360 4459 4558 4657 4756 4855 4954 5053 5166 3965 4064 4163 42

A El

YZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSn

102 RbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSn

103 SrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSb

104 SrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSb

105 YZrNbMo

Atomic Mass(/LUI)

100100100100100100100100100100100100101101101101101101101101101101101101101101102102102102102102102102102102102102102102103103103103103103103103103103103103103103104104104104

930310921140915252910347907314905582.2906164908289912800918680926560936060959210943020933560922980918040910297909213904349.5906843905608912000914780924710930490948950936940926600919140913200909179906323.7905504906087908972913419919914928130940120952330941450928780922460913760911440905430906655904035908628909848918340923190936290945090933050923930916970



N Z

62 4361 4460 4559 4658 4757 4856 4955 5054 5167 3966 4065 4164 4263 4362 4461 4560 4659 4758 4857 4956 5055 5154 5267 4066 4165 4264 4363 4462 4561 4660 4759 4858 4957 5056 5155 5268 4067 4166 4265 4364 4463 4562 4661 4760 4859 4958 5057 5156 5255 5368 4167 4266 4365 4464 4563 4662 4761 48

A El

TcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSb

106 YZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTe

107 ZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTe

108 ZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeI

109 NbMoTcRuRhPdAgCd

Atomic Mass(fj,u)

104104104104104104104104104105105105105105105105105105105105105105105106106106106106106106106106106106106106107107107107107107107107107107107107107107108108108108108108108108

911660907750905692905084906528909468914673921390931530950220935910928190918134914355907327907285903483906666906458913461916880928760937700940860930310921690915080909910906751905128905093906614910292915670924150935040944280935010923580918480910190908730903894905954904183909720911970922160929490943290937630927810919630913200908736905954904756904986

N

60595857566968676665646362616059585756696867666564636261605958577069686766656463626160595857717069686766656463626160

Z

49505152534142434445464748495051525354424344454647484950515253544243444546474849505152535455424344454647484950515253

A El

InSnSbTeI

110 NbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXe

111 MoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXe

112 MoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCs

113 MoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeI

Atomic Mass(/xu)

108108108108108109109109109109109109109109109109109109109110110110110110110110110110110110110110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111112112112112112112112112112112112112

907154911287918136927460938190942680929730923390913970910950905152906110903006907169907853916760922410935210944480934510925050917560911660907640905295904182905111907735913210921120930280941630936840929240918550914610907313907004902757.2905533904821912395917060927970935670950330942030931330922540915420910150906566904400.9904061905173909378915930923640

N Z

59 5458 5571 4370 4469 4568 4667 4766 4865 4964 5063 5162 5261 5360 5459 5558 5672 4371 4470 4569 4668 4767 4866 4965 5064 5163 5262 5361 5460 5559 5672 4471 4570 4669 4768 4867 4966 5065 5164 5263 5362 5461 5560 5673 4472 4571 4670 4769 4868 4967 5066 5165 5264 5363 5462 5561 5660 5774 44

A El

XeCs

114 TcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBa

115 TcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBa

116 RuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBa

117 RuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLa

118 Ru

Atomic Massdiu)

112 933380112 944540113 935880113 924000113 918850113 910365113 908808113 903358.1113 904917113 902782113 909100113 912060113 921850113 928150113 941420113 950940114 938280114 928310114 920120114 913680114 908760114 905431114 903878114 903346114 906599114 911580114 917920114 926540114 935940114 947710115 930160115 923710115 914160115 911360115 904755115 905260115 901744115 906797115 908420115 916740115 921740115 932910115 941680116 934790116 925350116 917840116 911680116 907218116 904516116 902954116 904840116 908634116 913650116 920560116 928640116 938860116 950010117 937030



N Z

73 4572 4671 4770 4869 4968 5067 5166 5265 5364 5463 5562 5661 5774 4573 4672 4771 4870 4969 5068 5167 5266 5365 5464 5563 5662 5761 5875 4574 4673 4772 4871 4970 5069 5168 5267 5366 5465 5564 5663 5762 5876 4575 4674 4773 4872 4971 5070 5169 5268 5367 5466 5565 5664 5763 5862 5976 4675 47

A El

RhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLa

119 RhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCe

120 RhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCe

121 RhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePr

122 PdAg

Atomic Mass

117117117117117117117117117117117117117118118118118118118118118118118118118118118119119119119119119119119119119119119119119120120120120120120120120120120120120120120120121121

929430918980914580906914906355901606905532905825913380916570926555933440946570931360922680915670909920905846903309903946906408910180915550922371931050940990952760935780924030918790909851907960902196.6905074904020

N Z

74 4873 4972 5071 5170 5269 5368 5467 5566 5665 5764 5863 5977 4676 4775 4874 4973 5072 5171 5270 5369 5468 5567 5666 5765 5864 5977 4776 4875 4974 5073 5172 5271 5370 5469 55

910048 68 56912150920678926050938070946640938080928180919850912980907849904236.9903818.0904930907366911386917184924490933010943670955360929800923320

67 5766 5865 5978 4777 4876 4975 5074 5173 5272 5371 5470 5569 5668 5767 5866 5979 4778 4877 4976 5075 5174 52

A El

CdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePr

123 PdAgCrlInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePr

124 AgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePr

125 AgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePr

126 AgCdInSnSbTe

Atomic Mass

121121121121121121121121121121121121122122122122122122122122122122122122122122123123123123123123123123123123123123123124124124124124124124124124124124124124125125125125125125

913500910280903440.1905175.4903047.1907592908550916122920260930710938010951650934260924900917000910439905721.9904215.7904273.0905598908471912990918850926240935510945960928530917650913180905274.6905937.5902819.5906211.4905895.8912246915088924530930520942960930540921250913600907784.9905248904424.7904624.1906398.2909725914620920670928540937830934500922350916460907654907250903305.5

N Z

73 5372 5471 5570 5669 5768 5867 5966 6080 4779 4878 4977 5076 5175 5274 5373 5472 5571 5670 5769 5868 5967 6080 4879 4978 5077 5176 5275 5374 5473 5572 5671 5770 5869 5968 6067 6181 4880 4979 5078 5177 5276 5375 5474 5573 5672 5771 5870 5969 6068 6182 4881 4980 5079 5178 5277 5376 5475 55

A El

IXeCsBaLaCePrNd

127 AgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNd

128 CdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPm

129 CdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPm

130 CdInSnSbTeIXeCs

Atomic Mass

125125125125125125125125126126

905619904269909448911244919370924100935310943070936880926430

126 917340126126126126126126126126126126126127127127127127127127127127127127127127127128128128128128128128128128128128128128128129129129129129129

910351906915905217904468905180907418911120916160922750930830940500927760920170910535909167904461.4905805903530.4907748908309915450918870928800935390948260932260921660913440909150906596904987904779.5906063908674912670918090924860933250943160933980924850913850911546906222.8906674

129 903507.9129 906706


N Z

74 5673 5772 5871 5970 6069 6168 6282 4981 5080 5179 5278 5377 5476 5575 5674 5773 5872 5971 6070 6169 6283 4982 5081 5180 5279 5378 5477 5576 5675 5774 5873 5972 6071 6170 6269 6384 4983 5082 5181 5280 5379 5478 5577 5676 5775 5874 5973 6072 6171 6270 6385 4984 5083 5182 5281 5380 5479 55

A El

BaLaCePrNdPmSm

131 InSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSm

132 InSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEu

133 InSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEu

134 InSnSbTeIXeCs

Atomic Mass

129129129129129129129130130130130130130130130130130130130130130131131131131131131131131131131131131131131131132132132132132132132132132132132132132132132133133133133133133133

906310912320914690923380928780940450948630926770916920911950908521.9906124.2905081.9905460906931910110914420920060927100935800945890932920917744914413908524907995904154.5906430905056910110911490919120923120933750940820954160938340923810915240910940907806905906905447906002908400911550916200922210929720938730948900944660928460920550911540909877905394.5906713

N Z

78 5677 5776 5875 5974 6073 6172 6271 6385 5084 5183 5282 5381 5480 5579 5678 5777 5876 5975 6074 6173 6272 6386 5085 5184 5283 5382 5481 5580 5679 5778 5877 5976 6075 6174 6273 6372 6487 5086 5185 5284 5383 5482 5581 5680 5779 5878 5977 6076 6175 6274 6373 6487 5186 5285 5384 5483 5582 56

A El

BaLaCePrNdPmSmEu

135 SnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEu

136 SnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGd

137 SnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGd

138 SbTeIXeCsBa

Atomic Mass

133 904503133 908490133 909030133 915670133 918650133 928490133 934020133 946320134 934730134 925170134 916450134 910050134 907207134 905972134 905683134 906971134 909146134 913140134 918240134 924620134 932350134 941720135 939340135 930660135 920100135 914660135 907220135 907306135 904570135 907650135 907140135 912650135 915020135 923450135 928300135 939500135 947070136 945790136 935310136 925320136 917873136 911563136 907084136 905821136 906470136 907780136 910680136 914640136 920710136 927050136 935210136 944650137 940960137 929220137 922380137 913990137 911011137 905241

N

81807978777675747388878685848382818079787776757488878685848382818079787776757489888786858483828180797877767590898887

Z

57585960616263646551525354555657585960616263646552535455565758596061626364656652535455565758596061626364656652535455

A El

LaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTb

139 SbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTb

140 TeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDy

141 TeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDy

142 TeIXeCs

Atomic Mass

137137137137137137137137137138138138138138138138138138138138138138138138139139139139139

907107905986910749911930919450923540933450939970952870945710934730926090918787913358908835906348906647908932911920916760922302929840938080948030938700931210921640917277910599

139 909473139139139139139139139139139140140140140140140140140140140140140140140140141141141141

905434909071909310915800918991928080933950945540953790944390934830926650920044914406910957908271907648909605913607918469924890932210941160951190948500940180929700924292



N Z

86 5685 5784 5883 5982 6081 6180 6279 6378 6477 6576 6675 6790 5389 5488 5587 5686 5785 5884 5983 6082 6181 6280 6379 6478 6577 6676 6791 5390 5489 5588 5687 5786 5885 5984 6083 6182 6281 6380 6479 6578 6677 6776 6891 5490 5589 5688 5787 5886 5985 6084 6183 6282 6381 6480 6579 6678 6777 68

A El

BaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHo

143 IXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTb

DyHo

144 IXeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoEr

145 XeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoEr

Atomic Mass(MU)

141141141141141141141141141141141141142142142142142142142142142142142142142142142143143143143143143143143143143143143143143143143144144144144144144144144144144144144144144144

916448914074909240910040907719912950915193923400928230938860946270959860944070934890927330920617916059912381910812909810910928914624920287926740934750943830954690949610938230932030922940919590913643913301910083912586911995918774922790932530939070951640960590943670935390926920

N Z

92 5491 5590 5689 5788 5887 5986 6085 6184 6283 6382 6481 6580 6679 6778 6877 6993 5492 5591 5690 5789 5888 5987 6086 6185 6284 6383 6482 6581 6680 6779 6878 6993 5592 5691 5790 5889 5988 6087 6186 6285 6384 6483 6582 6681 6780 68

921640 79 69917230 78 70914507912569

94 5593 56

912744 92 57913406916261921690928880936950946880957460

91 5890 5989 6088 6187 6286 6385 64

A El

146 XeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTm

147 XeCsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTm

148 CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYb

149 CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGd

Atomic Mass(/ill)

145145145145145145145145145145145145145145145145146146146146146146146146146146146146146146146146147147147147147147147147147147147147147147147147148148148148148148148148148148

947300940160930110925700918690917590913112914692913037917200918305927180932720944100952120966500953010943860933990927820922510918980916096915134914893916741919089924037930880 4

939840949310961080948900937680932190924390922180916889917468914818918154918110924300927180937270944440957550966760952720942460934370928290923791920144918329917180917926919336

N

84838281807995949392919089888786858483828180799695949392919089888786858483828180969594939291908988878685848382819796

Z

65666768697055565758596061626364656667686970715556575859606162636465666768697071565758596061626364656667686970715657

A El

TbDyHoErTmYb

150 CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu

151 CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu

152 BaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu

153 BaLa

Atomic Mass(nu)

148 923242148 927334148 933790148 942170148 952650148 963480149 957970149 945620149 938570149 930230149 927000149 920887149 920979149 917271149 919698149 918655149 923654149 925580149 933350149 937760149 949670149 957990149 972670150 962000150 950700150 941560150 934040150 928230150 923825150 921203150 919928150 919846150 920344150 923098150 926180150 931681150 937460150 945430150 955250150 967150151 954160151 946110151 936380151 931600151 924680151 923490151 919728151 921740151 919788151 924070151 924714151 931740151 935080151 944300151 950170151 963610152 959610152 949450



N Z

95 5894 5993 6092 6191 6290 6389 6488 6587 6686 6785 6884 6983 7082 7197 5796 5895 5994 6093 6192 6291 6390 6489 6588 6687 6786 6885 6984 7083 7182 7298 5797 5896 5995 6094 6193 6292 6391 6490 6589 6688 6787 6886 6985 7084 7183 7298 5897 5996 6095 6194 6293 6392 6491 6590 6689 6788 6887 69

A El

CePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu

154 LaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHf

155 LaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHf

156 CePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTm

Atomic Mass(/xu)

152152152152152152152152152152152152152152153153153153153153

940580933650927695924113922094921226921746923431925761930195935093942028949210958690954400943320937390929480926550922205

153 922975153153153153153153153153153154154154154154154154154154154154154154154154154155155155155155155155155155

920862924690924422930596932777941420946240957100964250958130948040939990932630928100924636922889922619923500925749929079933200939192945790954230962760951260944120935200931060925526924751922120924744924278

155 929710155155

931020939010

N

8685848399989796959493929190898887868584999897969594939291908988878685841009998979695949392919089888786851009998979695

Z

70717273585960616263646566676869707172735960616263646566676869707172737459606162636465666768697071727374606162636465

A El

YbLuHfTa

157 CePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTa

158 PrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaW

159 PrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaW

160 NdPmSmEuGdTb

Atomic Mass(/zu)

155155155155156156156156156156156156156156156156156156156

942850952910959250971690956340947170939270933200928350925419923957924021925461928190931950936760942660950102958130

156 968150157157157157157157157157157157157157157157157157158158158158158158158158158158158158158158158158159159159159159159

951780941870936690929990927840924101925410924405928950929910937000939858949170954650966370973940955230946390939130933200929084926385925343925736927709930681934810940150946620954000962910972280949390942990935140931970927051927164

N Z

94 6693 6792 6891 6990 7089 7188 7287 7386 7485 75101 60100 6199 6298 6397 6496 6595 6694 6793 6892 6991 7090 7189 7288 7387 7486 75101 61100 6299 6398 6497 6596 6695 6794 6893 6992 7091 7190 7289 7388 7487 7586 76102 61101 62100 6399 6498 6597 6696 6795 6894 6993 7092 7191 7290 7389 7488 7587 76

A El

DyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWRe

161 NdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWRe

162 PmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOs

163 PmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOs

Atomic Mass(Mu)

159 925194159 928726159 929080159 935090159 937560159 946020159 950710159 961360159 968370159 981490160 954330160 945860160 938830160 933680160 929666160 927566160 926930160 927852160 930001160 933400160 937850160 943540160 950330160 958370160 967090160 977660161 950290161 941220161 937040161 930981161 929480161 926795161 929092161 928775161 933970161 935750161 943220161 947203161 957150161 963340161 975710161 983820162 953520162 945360162 939210162 933990162 930644162 928728162 928730162 930029162 932648162 936270162 941200162 947060162 954320162 962530162 971970162 982050



N Z

102 62101 63100 6499 6598 6697 6796 6895 6994 7093 7192 7291 7390 7489 7588 76103 62102 63101 64100 6599 6698 6797 6896 6995 7094 7193 7292 7391 7490 7589 7688 77103 63102 64101 65100 6699 6798 6897 6996 7095 7194 7293 7392 7491 7590 7689 77104 63103 64102 65101 66100 6799 6898 6997 7096 7195 7294 7393 74

A El

164 SinEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOs

165 SmEuGdTb

DyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIr

166 EuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIr

167 EuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaW

Atomic Mass(/LIU)

163163163163163163163163163163163163163163163164164164164164164164164164164164164164164164164165165165165165165165165165165165165165165165166166166166166166166166166166166166

948280942990935860933350929171930231929197933451934520941220944420953570958980970320977930952980945720939380934880931700930319930723932432935398939610944540950820958340967050976480987580949970941600938050932803932281930290933553933880939760942250950470955020965800972530985510953050

N Z

92 7591 7690 77104 64103 65102 66101 67100 6899 6998 7097 7196 7295 7394 7493 7592 7691 7790 78105 64104 65103 66102 67101 68100 6999 7098 7197 7296 7395 7494 7593 7692 7791 78105 65104 66103 67102 68101 69100 7099 7198 7297 7396 7495 7594 7693 7792 78

945570 106 65940050 105 66935650 104 67933126 103 68932045 102 69932849 101 70934947 100 71938310 99 72942600 98 73947970 97 74954670 96 75

A El

ReOsIr

168 GdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPt

169 GdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPt

170 TbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPt

171 TbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWRe

Atomic Mass

166166166167167167167167167167167167167167167167167167168168168168168168168168168168168168168168168169169169169169169169169169169169169169169170170170170170170170170170170170

962560971550981540948360943640937230935500932368934170933894938700940630947790951860961610967830979970988040952870946220940300936868934588934211935187937649941160945920951760958830967080976390986420950250942670939610935460935798934759938472939650946090949290958160963570975030982330953300946480941460938026936426936322937910940490944460949460955550

N Z

95 7694 7793 7892 79106 66105 67104 68103 69102 70101 71100 7299 7398 7497 7596 7695 7794 7893 79107 66106 67105 68104 69103 70102 71101 72100 7399 7498 7597 7696 7795 7894 79107 67106 68105 69104 70103 71102 72101 73100 7499 7598 7697 7796 7895 79108 67107 68106 69105 70104 71103 72102 73101 74100 7599 7698 7797 7896 79

A El

OsIrPtAu

172 DyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAu

173 DyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAu

174 HoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAu

175 HoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAu

Atomic Mass

170170170170171171171171171171171171171171171171171171172172172172172172172172172172172172172172173173173173173173173173173173173173173174174174174174174174174174174174174174

963040971780981250991770949110944820939352938396936377.7939082939460944740947420955290960080970640977380990110953440947290942400939600938206.8938927940650943540947830953060959790967710976500986400951150944340942160938858.1940333.5940040944170946160953110957120966800972811984920954050947930943830941272.5940767.9941503943650946770951390957080964280972280981550



N Z

95 80108 68107 69106 70105 71104 72103 73102 74101 75100 7699 7798 7897 7996 80109 68108 69107 70106 71105 72104 73103 74102 75101 76100 7799 7898 7997 8096 81109 69108 70107 71106 72105 73104 74103 75102 76101 77100 7899 7998 8097 81110 69109 70108 71107 72106 73105 74104 75103 76102 77101 78100 7999 8098 81110 70109 71108 72107 73

A El

Hg176 Er

TmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHg

177 ErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTl

178 TmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTl

179 TmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTl

180 YbLuHfTa

Atomic Mass

174175175175175175175175

991410950290946990942568942682.4941401.8944740945590

175 951570175175175175175176176176176176176176176176176176176176176177177177177177177177177177177177177177178178178178178178178178178178178178178179179179179

954950963510969000980270987410954370949040945257943755.0943220.0944472946620950270955050961170968450977220986340996880952640946643945951943697.7945750945850950850953350961080965710975980982476995230955340950170947324945815.1945934947072949980953950959150965480973410981780991470952330949880946548.8947466

N Z

106 74105 75104 76103 77102 78101 79100 8099 81111 70110 71109 72108 73107 74106 75105 76104 77103 78102 79101 80100 8199 82111 71110 72109 73108 74107 75106 76105 77104 78103 79102 80101 81100 82112 71111 72110 73109 74108 75107 76106 77105 78104 79103 80102 81101 82113 71112 72111 73110 74109 75108 76107 77106 78105 79104 80103 81102 82113 72

A El

WReOsIrPtAuHgTl

181 YbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPb

182 LuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPb



185 Hf

Atomic Mass

179179179179179179179179180180180180180180180180180180180180180181181181181181181181181181181181181182182182182182182182182182182182182183183183183183183183183183183183183184

946706950790952350959250963220972400978320990190956150951970949099.1947996948198950065953270957640963180969950977810986900996710955210950553950152948206951210952186958130961270969620974750985610992676957570953530951373950224.5950821953110956810961730967620974560982700991930961170955450954009950932.6952524952491957390959900967470971900981760988200958780

N Z

112 73111 74110 75109 76108 77107 78106 79105 80104 81103 82102 83114 72113 73112 74111 75110 76109 77108 78107 79106 80105 81104 82103 83114 73113 74112 75111 76110 77109 78108 79107 80106 81105 82104 83115 73114 74113 75112 76111 77110 78109 79108 80107 81106 82105 83115 74114 75113 76112 77111 78110 79109 80108 81107 82106 83116 74115 75114 76

A El

TaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBi

186 HfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBi

187 TaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBi

188 TaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBi

189 WReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBi

190 WReOs

Atomic Mass

184184184184184184184184184184184185185185185185185185185185185185185186186186186186186186186186186186187187187187187187187187187187187188188188188188188188188188188189189189

955559953420.6952955.7954043956590960750965810971980979100987580997710960920958550954362954987953838957951959430966000969460978550984300996480960410957158955750.8955747.9957361960560964560969790976170984030993460963710958487958112.3955836.0958852959396965090967560975920981060992170961910959228958144.9958716960832963890968130973690980880989510963180961820958445



N Z

113 77112 78111 79110 80109 81108 82107 83106 84116 75115 76114 77113 78112 79111 80110 81109 82108 83107 84117 75116 76115 77114 78113 79112 80111 81110 82109 83108 84117 76116 77115 78114 79113 80112 81111 82110 83109 84108 85118 76117 77116 78115 79114 80113 81112 82111 83110 84109 85119 76118 77117 78116 79115 80114 81113 82112 83111 84110 85

A El

IrPtAuHgTlPbBiPo

191 ReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPo

192 ReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPo

193 OsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAt

194 OsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAt

195 OsIr

Pt

AuHgTlPbBiPoAt

Atomic Mass(piu)

189189189189189189189189190190190190190190190190190190191191191191191191191191191191192192192192192192192192192193193193193193193193193193193193194194194194194194194194194194

960590959930964699966280973790978180988520995110963124960928960591961685963650967060971890978200986050994650965960961479962602961035964810965570972140975760985370991520964148962924962985964132966644970550976080983060991100000190965179965076962664965339965382971050973970982750988280998970968120965977964774965018966640969650974470980750988050996550

N Z

120 76119 77118 78117 79116 80115 81114 82113 83112 84111 85110 86120 77119 78118 79117 80116 81115 82114 83113 84112 85111 86121 77120 78119 79118 80117 81116 82115 83114 84113 85112 86122 77121 78120 79119 80118 81117 82116 83115 84114 85113 86122 78121 79120 80119 81118 82117 83116 84115 85114 86113 87123 78122 79121 80120 81119 82118 83117 84

A El

196 OsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRn

197 IrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRn



200 PtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRnFr

201 PtAuHgTlPbBiPo

Atomic Mass(Mu)

195195195195195195195195195195196196196196196196196196196196197197197197197197197197197197197198198198198198198198198198198199199199199199199199199199200200200200200200200200

969620968380964935966551965815970520972710980610985510995700002310969636967323966552967195969540973380978930985570993290001660972280967876968225966752970470971980979020983340992750998780973790970576968748968262969810972910977580983600990630998310971424970720968309970945971816978140981740990290995680006500974500971641970285970804972850976970982210

N Z

116 85115 86114 87124 78123 79122 80121 81120 82119 83118 84117 85116 86115 87124 79123 80122 81121 82120 83119 84118 85117 86116 87115 88125 79124 80123 81122 82121 83120 84119 85118 86117 87116 88126 79125 80124 81123 82122 83121 84120 85119 86118 87117 88126 80125 81124 82123 83122 84121 85120 86119 87118 88127 80126 81125 82124 83123 84122 85

A El

AtRnFr

202 PtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRnFr

203 AuHgTlPbBiPoAtRnFrRa



206 HgTlPbBiPoAtRnFrRa

207 HgTlPbBiPoAt

Atomic Mass(juu)

200200201201201201201201201201201201202202202202202202202202202203203203203203203203203203203204204204204

988490995540003990975740973790970626972091972144977670980700988450993220003290975137972857972329973375976868981410986850993320001050009210977710973476973849973029977805980307987260991370000590006480979610976056

204 974412204204204204204204205205205205205205205205205206206206206206206206

974467977375981170986040991670998660006190977499976095974449978483980465986600990160998490003780982580977408975881978455981578985776



N Z

121 86120 87119 88118 89128 80127 81126 82125 83124 84123 85122 86121 87120 88119 89128 81127 82126 83125 84124 85123 86122 87121 88120 89129 81128 82127 83126 84125 85124 86123 87122 88121 89120 90129 82128 83127 84126 85125 86124 87123 88122 89121 90130 82129 83128 84127 85126 86125 87124 88123 89122 90131 82130 83129 84128 85127 86126 87125 88

A El

RnFrRaAc

208 HgTlPbBiPoAtRnFrRaAc

209 TlPbBiPoAtRnFrRaAc

210 TlPbBiPoAtRnFrRaAcTh

211 PbBiPoAtRnFrRaAcTh

212 PbBiPoAtRnFrRaAcTh

213 PbBiPoAtRnFrRa

Atomic Mass(MU)

206206207207207207207207207207207207208208208208208208208208208209209209209209209209209209210210210210210210210210210211211211211211211211211211211212212212212212212212212213

990730996860003730012090985940982005976636979727981231986583989631997130001780011490985349981075980383982416986159990380995920001940009570990066984173984105982857987131989680996398000450009260015030988731987258986637987481990585995529000890007650014860991887.5991272988852990735990689996195999783007810012920996500994375992843992921993868996175000350

N Z

124 89123 90122 91132 82131 83130 84129 85128 86127 87126 88125 89124 90123 91132 83131 84130 85129 86128 87127 88126 89125 90124 91133 83132 84131 85130 86129 87128 88127 89126 90125 91133 84132 85131 86130 87129 88128 89127 90126 91134 84133 85132 86131 87130 88129 89128 90127 91126 92134 85133 86132 87131 88130 89129 90128 91127 92135 85134 86

A El

AcThPa

214 PbBiPoAtRnFrRaAcThPa

215 BiPoAtRnFrRaAcThPa

216 BiPoAtRnFrRaAcThPa

217 PoAtRnFrRaAcThPa

218 PoAtRnFrRaAcThPaU

219 AtRnFrRaAcThPaU

220 AtRn

Atomic Mass(MU)

213213213213213213213213213214214214214215214214214215215215215215216216216216216216216216216217217217217217217217217218218218218218218218218218219219219219219219219219220220

006570012960021180999798.1998699995186996356995346998955000091006890011450020740001830999415998641998729000326002704006450011730019100006200001905.2002409000258003188003518008721011051019110006250004710003915004616006306009333013070018290008965.8008681005586007563007124011630013268020010023490011300009475009241010069012400015520019880024920015300011384.1

N

133132131130129128136135134133132131130129137136135134133132131130138137136135134133132131138137136135134133132139138137136135134133132140139138137136135134133141140139138137

Z

87888990919285868788899091928586878889909192858687888990919286878889909192868788899091929386878889909192938687888990

A El

FrRaAcThPaU

221 AtRnFrRaAcThPaU

222 AtRnFrRaAcThPaU

223 AtRnFrRaAcThPaU

224 RnFrRaAcThPaU

225 RnFrRaAcThPaUNp

226 RnFrRaAcThPaUNp

227 RnFrRaAcTh

Atomic Mass(Am)

220 012313220 011015220 014750220 015733220 021880220 024710221 018140221 015460221 014246221 013908221 015580221 018171221 021860221 026350222 022330222 017570.5222 017544222 015362222 017829222 018454222 023730222 026070223 025340223 021790223 019730.7223 018497223 019126223 020795223 023960223 027720224 024090224 023240224 020202.0224 021708224 021459224 025610224 027590225 028440225 025607225 023604225 023221225 023941225 026120225 029380225 033900226 030890226 029340226 025402.6226 026090226 024891226 027933226 029340226 035130227 035410227 031830227 029170.7227 027747.0227 027699



N Z

136 91135 92134 93142 86141 87140 88139 89138 90137 91136 92135 93134 94142 87141 88140 89139 90138 91137 92136 93135 94143 87142 88141 89140 90139 91138 92137 93136 94144 87143 88142 89141 90140 91139 92138 93137 94136 95145 87144 88143 89142 90141 91140 92139 93138 94137 95145 88144 89143 90142 91141 92140 93139 94138 95137 96146 88145 89144 90

A El

PaUNp

228 RnFrRaAcThPaUNpPu

229 FrRaAcThPaUNpPu

230 FrRaAcThPaUNpPu

231 FrRaAcThPaUNpPuAm

232 FrRaAcThPaUNpPuAm

233 RaAcThPaUNpPuAmCm

234 RaAcTh

Atomic Mass

227227227228228228228228228228228228229229229229229229229229230230230230230230230230231231231231231231231231231232232232232232232232232232233233233233233233233233233234234234

028793031140034960038080035720031064.1031014.8028731.3031037031366036180038730038430034820032930031755032089033496036250040140042510037080036030033126.6034533033927037810039646045410041220038550036297.1035878.9036289038230041260045560

N Z

143 91142 92141 93140 94139 95138 96146 89145 90144 91143 92142 93141 94140 95139 96138 97147 89146 90145 91144 92143 93142 94141 95140 96139 97147 90146 91145 92144 93143 94142 95141 96140 97139 98148 90147 91146 92145 93

049650 144 94043690 143 95042020 | 142 96038050.4038582037146.3040100041179046590048000044550041576.9040240.2039628040730042990046470050800050550048420043595

141 97140 98148 91147 92146 93145 94144 95143 96142 97141 98149 91148 92147 93146 94145 95144 96143 97142 98

A El

PaUNpPuAmCm

235 AcThPaUNpPuAmCmBk

236 AcThPaUNpPuAmCmBk

237 ThPaUNpPuAmCmBkCf

238 ThPaUNpPuAmCmBkCf

239 PaUNpPuAmCmBkCf

240 PaUNpPuAmCmBkCf

Atomic Mass

234 043302234 040945.6234 042889234 043305234 047790234 050240235 051100235 047500235 045440235 043923.1235 044055.9235 045282235 048030235 051590235 056580236 055180236 049710236 048680236 045561.9236 046560236 046048.1236 049570236 051410236 057330237 053890237 051140237 048724.0237 048167.3237 048403.8237 049970237 052890237 057130237 062070238 056240238 054500238 050782.6238 050940.5238 049553.4238 051980238 053020238 058270238 061410239 057130239 054287.8239 052931.4239 052156.5239 053018239 054950239 058360239 062580240 060980240 056586240 056169240 053807.5240 055288240 055519.0240 059750240 062300

N

141149148147146145144143142150149148147146145144143142150149148147146145144143151150149148147146145144151150149148147146145144152151150149148147146145153152151150149148147146

Z

99929394959697989992939495969798991009394959697989910093949596979899100949596979899100101949596979899100101949596979899100101

A El

Es241 U

NpPuAmCmBkCfEs

242 UNpPuAmCmBkCfEsFm

243 NpPuAmCmBkCfEsFm

244 NpPuAmCmBkCfEsFm

245 PuAmCmBkCfEsFmMd



Atomic Mass(MU)

240

241241241241241241241241242242242242242242242242242243243243243243243243243244244244244244244244244245245245245245245245245246

068920060330058250

056845.3056822.9

057646.7060220063720068660062930061640

058736.8059543.0

058829.3062050063690069700073430064270061997061372.7

061382.2063002065420069630074510067850

064198064279.4

062746.3065168065990070970074080067739066445065485.6066355.4

068040071320075380

081020070198

246 069768

246246246246246

067217.6

068670068798.8072970075280

246 081930247247247247247247247247

074070072090070347070299070992073650076820081800



N Z

153 95152 96151 97150 98149 99148 100147 101154 95153 96152 97151 98150 99149 100148 101147 102154 96153 97152 98151 99150 100149 101148 102155 96154 97153 98152 99151 100150 101149 102148 103156 96155 97154 98153 99152 100151 101150 102149 103156 97155 98154 99153 100152 101151 102150 103149 104157 97156 98155 99

A El

248 AmCmBkCfEsFmMd

249 AmCmBkCfEsFmMdNo

250 CmBkCfEsFmMdNo

251 CmBkCfEsFmMdNoLr

252 CmBkCfEsFmMdNoLr

253 BkCfEsFmMdNoLrDb

254 BkCfEs

Atomic Mass

248 075750248 072342248 073080248 072178248 075460248 077184248 082910249 078480249 075947249 074980249 074847249 076410249 079020249 083000249 087820250 078351250 078311250 076400.0250 078650250 079515250 084490250 087490251 082278251 080753251 079580251 079984251 081566251 084920251 088960251 094360252 084870252 084300252 081620252 082970252 082460252 086630252 088966252 095330253 086880253 085127253 084818253 085176253 087280253 090650253 095260253 100680254 090600254 087316254 088016

N

154153152151150157156155154153152151150158157156155154153152151158157156155154153152158157156155154153152159158157156155154153159158157156155154153

Z

1001011021031049899100101102103104105989910010110210310410599100101102103104105100101102103104105106100101102103104105106101102103104105106107

A El

FmMdNoLrDb

255 CfEsFmMdNoLrDbJl

256 CfEsFmMdNoLrDbJl

257 EsFmMdNoLrDbJl

258 FmMdNoLrDbJlRf

259 FmMdNoLrDbJlRf

260 MdNoLrDbJlRfBh

Atomic Mass

254254254254254255255255255255255255255256256256256256256256256257257257257257257257258258258258258258258259259259259259259259260260260260260260260

086848089730090949096590100170091040090266089955091075093232096770101490107400093440093590091767094050094276098760101180108110095980095099095535096850099610103070107860097070098425098200101880103570109440113150100590100500101020102990105630109720114650103650102640105570106430111430114440121800

N

159158157156155154160159158157156155160159158157156155160159158157156160159158157156160159158157160159158157160159158161160159161160162161162161163

Z A

102 261103104105106107102 262103104105106107103 263104105106107108104 264105106107108105 265106107108109106 266107108109107 267108109110108 268109110108 269109110109 270110109 271110110 272111110 273

El Atomic Mass

No 261Lr 261Db 261Jl 261Rf 261Bh 261No 262Lr 262Db 262Jl 262Rf 262Bh 262Lr 263Db 263Jl 263Rf 263Bh 263Hn 263Db 264Jl 264Rf 264Bh 264Hn 264Jl 265Rf 265Bh 265Hn 265Mt 265Rf 266Bh 266Hn 266Mt 266Bh 267Hn 267Mt 267Xa 267Hn 268Mt 268Xa 268Hn 269Mt 269Xa 269Mt 270Xa 270Mt 271Xa 271Xa 272Xb 272Xa 273

105740106940108750112110116200121800107520109690109920114150116480123010111390112540115080118310123150128710113980117470118920124730128410118660121070125200130000136570121930127010130040137940127740131770137530143960132160138820143530134110139110145140140720144630141230146080146310153480149250


Appendix C

Cross Sections andRelated Data

The tables in this appendix present basic interaction data for thermal neutrons andfor photons. These tables give but a very small fraction of the data contained incomprehensive data libraries and other voluminous compilations. The data selectedfor these tables are for important interactions encountered in many shield analyses.However, for many calculations, it is necessary to obtain interaction data directlyfrom data libraries maintained at several national nuclear data centers around theworld. In the United States, the National Nuclear Data Center at BrookhavenNational Laboratory (nndcObnl. gov) and the Radiation Shielding and InformationCenter at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (pdc@ornl .gov) provide access to exten-sive nuclear data libraries. The Nuclear Data Service of the International AtomicEnergy Agency (online@iaeand. iaea.or .at) and the Japan Atomic Energy Re-search Institute (wwwndc.tokai.jaeri .go.jp/index.html) also provide nucleardata to the international shielding community.

Data TablesThe following data are provided in this appendix.

Table C.I. Thermal neutron cross sections for special isotopes.Table C.2. Radioisotopes produced by thermal neutron absorption.Table C.3. Photon coefficients for air, water, concrete, iron, and lead.

Sources for the neutron data tables are provided in the tables. All photon interactiondata were provided courtesy of S. Seltzer.1

In Table C.3. listing photon interaction coefficients, the following notation isused: incoherent scattering coefficient with electron binding, /ic; photoelectric effectcoefficient, /^p/ t; pair-production coefficient, fj,pp\ effective total interaction coefficientIJL = ^c+i^ph+l^pp] energy transfer coefficient, Htr', and energy absorption coefficient,

iS.M. Seltzer. "Calculation of Photon Mass Energy-Transfer arid Mass Energy-Absorption Coeffi-cients/' Radial. Res., 136, 147-179 (1993). J.H. Hubbell and S.M. Seltzer, Tables of X-Ray At-tenuation Coefficients 1 keV to 20 MeVfor Elements Z = I to 92 and 48 Additional Substancesof Dosimetnc Interest, Report NISTIR 5632, National Institute of Standards and Technology,Gaithersburg, MD. 1995.


Table C.I. Thermal neutron (2200 m s 1 or 0.0253 eV) cross sections for some specialisotopes at 300 K. Cross-section notation: cr-y for (71,7); as for elastic scattering; at fortotal; erf for fission; aa for (n, a); and ap for (n,p).

Isotope

:H2H3H

6Li7Li

10g

J1B

12C

13C14C

14N15N

16Q

170180232 Th233Th

233U234 y

235U236u238 u

239U

239pu

240pu

241 Pu242pu

Source:Service,

Abundance(atom %)

99.9850.015

92.57.42

19.680.4

98.891.11

99.640.36

99.7560.0390.205

100

0.00550.7200

99.2745

Half-life

12.33 y

5736 y

1.405 X 1010 y22.3 m

1.592 X 105 y2.455 X 105 y7.038 x 108 y2.342 x 107 y4.468 x 109 y

23.45 m

24110 y6564 y14.35 y

3.733 x 105 y

Reaction cross sections

<77 = 333 mb<77 = 506 ^tb<77 = 6 fj,b

aa = 941<77 =45.7 mb

ffa - 3840<77 = 5.53 mb

as = 4.74cr7 = 1.37 mbcr7 = 1.0 /Lib

ap = 1.83cr-y = 24 /Lib

<77 = 190 ^bera = 235 mbcr7 = 160 fj.b

fff = 2.5 /J,bfff = 15

fff = 529<Tf = 0.465<Tf = 587

af = 47 mbfff = 11.8 Albfff = 14

fff = 749erf = 64 mbfff = 1015fff = 1.0 mb

ffs = 30.5as = 4.26crs = 1.53

<77 = 38.6 mbcrs = 1.04

cr7 = 0.50<rs = 5.08

ff-y = 3.4 mbfft = 4.19

cr7 = 75 mbffs = 4.58

<TS = 4.03cr7 = 3.84 mb

o-7 = 5.13<J7 = 1450

a7 = 46.0CT7 = 103cr7 = 99.3<77 = 5.14o-7 = 2.73CT7 = 22

ff-y = 271

CT7 = 289o-7 = 363<J7 = 19.3

(b)

fft = 30.9at = 4.30fft = 1.53

at = 943at = 1-09

at = 3847o-t = 5.08

fft = 4.74

(7t = 12.2fft = 4.58

fft = 4.03<7t =4.17

fft = 20.4<7t = 1478

fft = 588at = 116fft = 700

fft = 14.1crt = 12.2

fft = 1028<rt = 290fft = 1389fft = 27.0

ENDF/B-VI and other data extracted from the National Nuclear Data Center OnlineBrookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, January 1995.


Table C.2. Activation radionuclides resulting from thermal neutron(2200 m s^1 or 0.0253 eV) capture. Activation cross sections include pro-duction of short-lived metastable daughter nuclides except for 59Co. Thegamma photon energies and frequencies for the decay of the activationnuclide are given in Ap. D. More extensive tabulations are provided byB. Shleien (ed.), The Health Physics and Radiological Health Handbook,Scinta, Silver Spring, MD, 1992.

Activated

Nuclide

12B16N17Na

19024 Na28 Al31Si38 Cl41Ar42 K

46 Sc47 Ca49 Ca51Cr36 Mn59 FeGO™Co60 Co

75 Se76 As95 Zr97 Zr

"MO99m T{;

108 Ag110n,In

198 Au203 Hg

233 Th

233 Pa239 u

239 Np

nuclide

Half-life

0.0202 s7.13 s

4.173 s

26.91 s

14.96 h

2.241 m

2.62 h

37.24 m1.822 h

12.36 h

83.81 d

4.536 d8.715 m

27.70 d2.579 h44.50 d10.47 m

5.271 y

119.8 d

1.078 d

64.02 d16.91 h

65.94 h6.01 h

2.37 m

54.4 m

2.6952 d46.61 d

22.3 m

26.97 d23.45 m2.357 d

Nuclide

nB15 N170J8Q

23 Na27 Al30 Si37C140 Ar41K45 Sc40 Ca48 Ca50 Cr55 Mn58 Fe59 Co59 CoOOmCo

74 Se75 As94 Zr90 Zr98 Mo99 Mo107 Ag115 In197 Au202 Hg232 Th

233 Th238U239 0

Parent nuclide

Abundance (%)or half-life

80.40.38

0.0390.205100

100

3.1224.2399.59

6.7

100

0.00330.1854.35100

0.31100

100

10.47 m0.87100

17.52.8

23.465.94 h51.8395.7100

29.8100

22.3 m99.274523.45 m

Activationcross section (b)

5.5 mb

24 p.b

5.2 fj,b

160 nb0.5300.2310.1070.4330.6601.4627.20.741.0915.913.31.2820.416.8

51.84.5

49.9 mb22.9 mb

0.130

37.6202

98.654.897.3715002.6822.0

"Decays by neutron emission.Source: Data extracted from the National Nuclear Data Center OnlineService, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, January 1995.


Table C.3. Mass coefficients (cm2/g) for dry air near sea level. Composition by weight fraction:N 0.755268, O 0.231781, Ar 0.012827, C 0.000124. Nominal density is 1.205 x 10~3 g cm-3,entry 1.234-5 as 1.235 X 10~5.

Read

E (MeV)

0.00100.00150.00200.00300.003200.00320K

0.00400.00500.00600.00800.0100.0150.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0800.100.150.200.300.400.500.600.801.001.251.502.003.004.005.006.008.00

10.015.020.030.040.050.060.080.0

100.0

Mc/P

1.038-22.116-23.340-25.748-26.196-26.196-27.770-29.331-21.051-11.213-1

1.316-11.471-11.556-11.625-11.631-11.613-11.586-11.523-11.460-11.324-11.217-11.061-19.511-28.687-28.039-27.064-26.352-25.682-25.162-24.407-23.467-22.892-22.497-22.207-21.806-21.538-21.138-29.134-36.652-35.286-3

4.411-33.801-32.998-32.488-3

Vph/P

3.605+31.190+35.267+21.616+21.331+21.476+2

7.713+13.966+12.288+19.505+0

4.766+01.335+05.347-11.451-15.704-22.755-21.517-25.912-32.847-37.602-43.026-48.604-53.698-51.998-51.246-5

6.296-63.914-62.545-61.798-61.128-66.276-74.297-73.252-72.611-71.869-71.453-79.323-86.859-84.483-83.329-8

2.647-82.197-81.640-81.308-8

Air

Mpp/P

1.781-59.848-53.918-41.132-31.866-32.536-33.147-34.196-35.067-36.717-37.920-39.629-31.082-2

1.173-21.245-21.354-21.435-2

A*/P

3.605+31.190+35.267+21.616+21.332+21.477+27.721 + 13.975+12.299+19.626+04.897+01.482+06.904-13.076-12.202-11.889-11.738-11.582-1

1.489-11.332-11.220-11.061-19.514-28.689-28.040-27.065-26.353-25.684-25.172-24.446-23.580-23.079-22.751-22.522-22.225-22.045-21.810-21.705-21.628-21.610-21.614-21.625-21.654-21.683-2

/WP

3.599+31.188+35.263+21.615+21.330+21.460+2

7.637+13.932+12.271+19.448+0

4.743+01.334+05.391-11.538-16.836-24.100-23.042-22.408-22.326-22.497-22.674-22.875-2

2.953-22.971-22.958-22.889-2

2.797-22.675-22.557-22.359-22.076-21.894-21.770-21.683-21.571-21.506-21.434-21.415-21.427-21.456-2

1.488-21.519-21.572-21.617-2

fJ-en/P

3.599+31.188+35.262+21.614+21.330+21.460+27.636+13.931 + 12.270+19.446+0

4.742+01.334+05.389-11.537-16.833-24.098-23.041-22.407-22.325-22.496-22.672-22.872-22.949-22.966-22.953-2

2.882-22.789-22.666-22.547-22.345-22.057-21.870-21.740-21.647-21.525-21.450-21.353-21.311-21.277-21.262-21.252-21.242-21.220-21.195-2

(cont.)


Table C.3. (cont.) Mass coefficients (cm2/g) for water with density of 1 g/cm3. Read entry1.234-5 as 1.235 x 10~ 5.

E (MeV)

0.00100.0015

0.00200.0030

0.00400.0050

0.0060

0.0080

0.01000.015

0.0200.030

0.0400.050

0.060

0.0800.100.150.20

0.300.40

0.50

0.600.80

1.001.25

1.502.003.004.00

5.006.008.00

10.0

15.020.030.0

40.050.060.080.0

100.0100.0

Mc/P

1.319-22.673-24.184-2

7.075-2

9.430-2

1.123-11.259-1

1.440-1

1.550-11.699-11.774-1

1.829-1

1.827-11.803-1

1.770-1

1.697-1

1.626-11.473-1

1.353-1

1.179-11.058-19.663-2

8.939-2

7.856-27.066-26.318-2

5.741-24.901-23.855-2

3.216-2

2.777-22.454-22.008-2

1.710-21.266-21.016-27.395-3

5.875-34.906-34.225-33.333-32.767-32.767-3

Vph/P

4.076+31.375+36.161+2

1.919+2

8.198+14.191 + 12.407+1

9.919+0

4.943+01.369+0

5.437-11.457-15.680-22.725-2

1.493-2

5.770-3

2.762-37.307-4

2.887-4

8.162-53.495-5

1.884-5

1.173-5

5.920-63.680-62.394-6

1.689-61.063-65.937-74.075-7

3.089-72.484-71.780-7

1.386-78.905-8

6.555-84.289-8

3.186-82.534-82.104-81.570-81.253-81.253-8

Water

P-PP/P

1.777-59.820-53.908-4

1.131-31.867-32.540-33.155-3

4.211-35.090-36.754-3

7.974-39.709-3

1.091-21.183-21.256-21.368-21.450-21.450-2

M/P

4.076+31.375+36.161+2

1.919+28.207+1

4.203+1

2.419+1

1.006+1

5.0981.539

7.211-13.286-12.395-1

2.076-1

1.920-11.755-11.654-1

1.481-11.356-11.180-1

1.058-19.664-2

8.940-27.857-2

7.066-26.320-2

5.751-24.940-2

3.968-23.402-2

3.031-22.770-2

2.429-22.219-2

1.941-2

1.813-21.710-21.679-21.674-2

1.679-21.701-2

1.727-21.727-2

V-tr/P

4.065+31.372+36.152+21.917+28.192+14.189+1

2.406+1

9.918

4.9451.374

5.505-11.557-1

6.950-24.225-2

3.191-22.598-2

2.547-22.765-2

2.969-2

3.195-23.282-2

3.303-2

3.289-23.212-2

3.111-22.974-2

2.844-22.621-2

2.300-22.091-2

1.946-21.843-2

1.707-21.626-2

1.528-21.495-21.490-2

1.510-21.537-21.563-21.613-2

1.655-21.655-2

Men/ ' P

4.065+31.372+36.152+21.917+2

8.191 + 14.188+1

2.405+1

9.9154.9441.374

5.503-11.557-16.947-24.223-2

3.190-22.597-2

2.546-22.764-2

2.967-2

3.192-23.279-2

3.299-2

3.284-23.206-23.103-22.965-2

2.833-22.608-2

2.281-22.066-2

1.915-21.806-2

1.658-21.566-2

1.441-21.382-21.327-2

1.298-21.279-21.261-21.228-21.194-21.194-2


Table C.3. (cont.) Mass coefficients (cm2/g) for ANSI/ANS-6.4.3 standard concrete of density of2.3 g/cm3. Composition by weight fraction: H 0.005599, O 0.498250, Na 0.017098, Mg 0.002400,Al 0.045595, Si 0.315768, S 0.001200, K 0.019198, Ca 0.082592, Fe 0.012299. Read entry 1.234-5as 1.235 x 10~5.

E (MeV)

0.001000.001040.001070.00107K0.001180.001310.00131K0.001500.001560.00156K0.001690.001840.00184K0.00200.002470.00247K0.00300.003610.00361K0.00400.004040.00404K0.00500.00600.007110.00711K0.00800.0100.0150.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0800.100.150.200.300.400.500.600.801.001.251.502.003.004.005.006.008.00

10.015.020.030.040.050.060.080.0

100.0

Hc/P1.117-22.098-21.249-21.249-23.115-21.701-21.701-22.098-22.220-22.220-25.019-22.790-22.790-23.115-24.044-24.044-25.019-26.036-26.036-26.635-26.691-26.691-27.972-29.069-21.007-11.007-11.073-11.190-11.372-11.470-11.557-11.579-11.573-11.555-11.503-11.447-11.319-11.214-11.060-19.517-28.699-28.051-27.077-26.366-25.693-25.174-24.416-23.474-22.898-22.503-22.212-21.810-21.541-21.141-29.156-36.665-35.296-34.422-33.808-33.004-32.494-3

Vph/P3.443+33.144+32.871+32.972+32.300+31.775+31.787+31.233+31.110+31.274+31.025+38.223+21.733+31.454+38.479+28.501+24.966+22.998+23.203+22.410+22.347+23.094+21.733+21.043+26.448+16.884+14.937+12.599+17.8913.3269.629-13.942-11.959-11.103-14.432-22.181-26.028-32.447-37.120-43.100-41.687-41.057-45.359-53.332-52.163-51.542-59.586-65.267-63.576-62.692-62.153-61.533-61.187-67.581-75.561-73.625-72.689-72.136-71.772-71.321-71.053-7

Concrete

V-pp/P

2.904-51.575-46.212-41.775-32.899-33.915-34.833-36.400-37.696-31.013-21.189-21.438-21.611-21.742-21.845-22.000-22.112-2

fJ'/P

3.443+33.144+32.871+32.972+32.300+31.775+31.787+31.233+31.110+31.274+31.025+38.223+21.733+31.454+38.479+28.501+24.966+22.999+23.204+22.410+22.348+23.095+21.734+21.044+26.458+16.894+14.948+12.611+18.0283.4731.1195.521-13.533-12.658-11.947-11.665-11.379-11.239-11.068-19.548-28.716-28.062-27.083-26.369-25.698-25.191-24.480-23.652-23.189-22.895-22.696-22.450-22.311-22.153-22.105-22.105-22.141-22.184-22.226-22.300-22.361-2

P-tr/P

3.436+33.138+32.865+32.964+32.295+31.771+31.783+31.231+31.108+31.266+31.019+38.177+21.687+31.418+38.299+28.320+24.878+22.954+23.133+22.361+22.301+22.938+21.659+21.005+26.246+16.549+14.718+12.503+17.6893.2659.580-14.011-12.075-11.246-16.215-24.208-23.023-22.892-22.942-22.985-22.992-22.974-22.900-22.806-22.683-22.567-22.376-22.124-21.975-21.884-21.826-21.766-21.745-21.754-21.794-21.887-21.973-22.046-22.109-22.211-22.288-2

fJ-en/P

3.436+33.138+32.865+32.964+32.295+31.771+31.783+31.230+31.108+31.266+31.019+38.176+21.687+31.417+38.299+28.319+24.878+22.953+23.133+22.361+22.300+22.938+21.659+21.005+26.244+16.548+14.716+12.502+17.6853.2629.571-14.007-12.072-11.244-16.206-24.203-23.019-22.887-22.937-22.978-22.983-22.964-22.888-22.792-22.666-22.548-22.353-22.091-21.934-21.832-21.764-21.684-21.643-21.602-21.592-21.588-21.581-21.566-21.546-21.497-21.443-2


Table C.3. (cont.) Mass coefficients (cm2/g) for natural iron with a density of 7.874 g/cm3.Read entry 1.234-5 as 1.235 x 1CT5.

Iron (Z = 26)

E (MeV)

0.00100.00150.00200.00300.00400.00500.00600.007110.00711K

0.00800.0100.0150.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.080

0.100.150.20

0.30

0.400.50

0.60

0.801.001.251.502.003.00

4.005.006.00

8.0010.00

15.020.0

30.040.050.060.080.0

100.0

Mc/p

8.776-31.530-22.124-23.206-24.212-25.133-25.966-26.798-26.798-27.395-28.541-21.047-11.162-11.286-11.338-11.355-11.355-11.332-11.296-11.200-1

1.114-19.788-28.810-2

8.065-27.472-26.574-25.916-25.292-24.811-24.107-23.232-22.697-22.329-22.058-21.684-21.434-21.061-28.520-36.202-34.929-34.114-33.544-32.796-32.321-3

Vph/P

9.080+33.395+31.622+35.542+22.538+21.373+28.272+1

5.138+14.058+23.040+21.693+25.623+12.505+17.762

3.3161.6989.776-14.060-12.044-15.861-22.432-2

7.265-33.209-31.762-31.109-35.650-43.515-42.277-41.627-41.003-45.448-53.669-52.746-52.188-51.548-51.196-57.592-65.554-63.610-62.673-6

2.122-61.759-61.311-61.045-6

P-pp/P

7.031-53.580-41.364-33.792-36.085-38.124-39.951-31.305-21.559-22.030-22.371-22.848-23.173-23.416-23.607-23.892-24.097-2

M / P

9.080+33.395+31.622+35.543+22.539+21.374+28.278+1

5.144+14.059+23.040+2

1.694+25.633+12.516+17.891

3.4501.8331.1135.391-13.340-11.786-11.357-1

1.051-19.131-28.241-27.583-26.631-25.951-25.322-24.863-24.254-23.616-23.309-23.144-23.056-22.991-22.994-2

3.092-23.223-23.469-23.666-23.828-23.961-24.172-24.329-2

Mtr/P

9.052+33.388+31.620+35.536+22.536+21.372+28.268+1

5.135+12.978+22.316+21.369+24.899+12.262+17.2663.1641.6439.591-14.122-1

2.189-18.010-24.856-23.386-23.064-22.941-22.866-22.749-22.642-22.517-22.410-22.258-22.122-22.094-22.112-22.154-22.264-22.381-22.646-22.869-23.215-23.466-23.663-23.820-24.063-24.239-2

fJ-en/P

9.052+33.388+31.620+35.535+22.536+21.372+28.265+15.133+12.978+22.316+21.369+24.896+12.260+17.251

3.1551.638

9.555-14.104-1

2.177-17.961-24.825-23.361-23.039-22.914-22.836-22.714-22.603-22.472-22.360-22.199-22.042-21.990-21.983-21.997-22.050-22.108-22.221-22.292-22.346-22.333-2

2.292-22.236-22.115-21.997-2


Table C.3. (cont.) Mass coefficients (cm2/g) for natural lead with a density of 11.35 g/cnrRead entry 1.234-5 as 1.235 x 10~5.

Lead (Z = 82)

E (MeV)

0.00100.00150.00200.002480.00248M50.002530.002590.00259M40.00300.003070.00307M30.003300.003550.00355M20.003700.003850.00385M10.00400.00500.00600.00800.01000.013040.01304L30.01500.015200.01520L20.015530.015860.01586L10.02000.03000.04000.05000.06000.08000.088000.08800K0.1000.1500.2000.3000.4000.5000.6000.8001.001.251.502.003.004.005.006.008.00

10.015.020.030.040.050.060.080.0

100.0

Mc/P3.586-36.600-39.620-31.241-21.241-26.600-31.298-21.298-21.525-21.560-21.560-21.684-21.814-21.814-21.887-21.963-21.963-22.037-22.515-22.970-23.807-24.540-25.441-25.441-25.920-25.965-25.965-26.038-26.110-26.110-26.897-28.228-29.019-29.478-29.734-29.922-29.928-29.928-29.893-29.484-28.966-28.036-27.310-26.734-26.263-25.537-24.993-24.476-24.075-23.482-22.744-22.290-21.978-21.749-21.431-21.219-29.021-37.243-35.272-34.188-33.496-33.014-32.376-31.972-3

Vph/P5.198+32.344+31.274+37.898+21.386+31.714+31.933+32.447+31.954+31.847+32.136+31.784+31.486+31.575+31.431+31.302+31.359+31.242+37.222+24.599+22.226+21.256+26.311+11.582+21.082+21.045+21.451+21.384+21.312+21.517+28.395+12.886+11.335+17.2914.4332.0121.5477.3205.2381.8158.463-12.928-11.417-18.258-25.407-22.871-21.809-21.169-28.321-35.034-32.631-31.723-31.263-39.893-46.845-45.202-43.229-42.334-41.497-41.101-48.699-57.190-55.339-54.243-5

Mpp/P

3.781-41.806-35.449-31.193-21.716-22.155-22.535-23.171-23.698-24.722-25.457-26.479-27.180-27.697-28.099-28.691-29.108-2

M/P

5.198+32.344+31.274+37.898+21.386+31.714+31.933+32.447+31.955+31.847+32.136+31.784+31.486+31.575+31.431+31.302+31.359+31.242+37.222+24.599+22.227+21.257+26.316+11.582+21.083+21.045+21.452+21.384+21.313+21.517+28.402+12.894+11.344+17.3864.5312.1121.6477.4205.3371.9109.359-13.732-12.148-11.499-11.167-18.408-26.803-25.683-25.087-24.530-24.200-24.178-24.260-24.382-24.670-24.969-25.656-26.205-27.022-27.610-28.056-28.408-28.934-29.310-2

V-tr/P5.197+32.344+31.274+37.897+21.367+31.683+31.895+32.390+31.913+31.809+32.091+31.749+31.459+31.546+31.405+31.279+31.335+31.221+37.126+24.548+22.208+21.248+26.279+11.292+29.108+18.815+11.132+21.084+21.033+21.181+26.906+12.542+11.216+16.7764.1781.9341.4972.1751.9901.0695.975-12.525-11.419-19.514-27.143-24.911-23.896-23.226-22.873-22.604-22.629-22.837-23.082-23.327-23.788-24.205-25.073-25.728-26.668-27.326-27.818-28.203-28.772-29.176-2

Men/P

5.197+32.344+31.274+37.895+21.366+31.682+31.895+32.390+31.913+31.808+32.090+31.748+31.459+31.546+31.405+31.279+31.335+31.221+37.124+24.546+22.207+21.247+26.270+11.291+29.100+18.807+11.131+21.083+21.032+21.180+26.899+12.536+11.211+16.7404.1491.9161.4822.1601.9761.0565.870-12.455-11.370-19.128-26.819-24.644-23.654-22.988-22.640-22.360-22.322-22.449-22.600-22.744-22.989-23.181-23.478-23.595-23.594-23.481-23.338-23.193-22.925-22.697-2


Appendix D

Decay Characteristics ofSelected Radionuclides

This tabulation is based on calculations performed using the EDISTR code.1 Datawere kindly provided by J.C. Ryman and K.F. Eckerman of the Metabolism andDosimetry Research Group, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge Na-tional Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

For the most part, the tabulation is based on the data used in preparation ofthe MIRD compendium of radioactive decay data.2 For those nuclides not includedin the MIRD document, tabulations are based on data used in preparation of theICRP compendium of radioactive decay data.3 Exceptions are the nuclides 16Nand 89Kr, for which the tabulations are based on data of Kocher.4 Frequencies ofannihilation quanta are included.

Individual radiations are listed only if two criteria are met. First, the (maximum)energy must exceed 10-keV. Second, for any one group, e.g., combined gamma andx rays, the product of the energy and the frequency of an individual radiationmust exceed 1% of the sum of the products for that group. Group totals includecontributions from all radiations in the group, not just those listed. When the sumof the products of those listed is less than 95% of the group total, an asterisk afterthe group total is used to alert the reader.

The selected radionuclides in this compilation are primarily those of most con-cern for reactor operations and environmental radiological assessments. Decay dataand energies and frequencies of emitted radiation for all radionuclides can be foundat several sites on the web. One particularly useful site is http:/ /www.nndc.bnl.gov/nndc/formmird.html.

1Dillman, L.T., EDISTR—A Computer Program to Obtain a Nuclear Decay Data Base for Ra-diation Dosimetry, Report ORNL/TM-6689, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, Ten-nessee, 1980.

2Weber, D.A., K.F. Eckerman, L.T. Dillman, and J.C. Ryman. MIRD: Radionuclide Data andDecay Schemes, Society of Nuclear Medicine, New York, 1989.

3 Radionuclide Transformations, Publication 38, International Commission on Radiological Pro-tection, Annals of the ICRP 11-13, 1983.

4Kocher, D.C., Radioactive Decay Tables, Report DOE/TIC 11026, Technical Information enter,U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, B.C., 1981.


www.nndc.bnl.gov

www.nndc.bnl.gov

J H (12.33 y)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) Eav (keV) Emax (keV)

100.0 5.67 18.6keV/ decay 5.67

C (20.39 min)

PositronsFreq. (%) Eav (keV) Emax (keV)

99.76 385.6 960.1keV/decay 384.6

Principal Gamma and X RaysFreq. (%) E (keV)

199.52 511.0keV/decay 1019.5

^C (5730 y)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) Eav (keV) £max (keV)

100.00 49.5 156.5keV/decay 49.5

X|N (9.965 min)

PositronsFreq. (%) £av (keV) Emax (keV)

99.82 491.8 1198.5keV/decay 490.9

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/decay 4.61 x 10~4 *


199.64 511.0keV/decay 1020.2

'IN (7.13 s)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)

4.9 1461.5 3301.968.0 1941.2 4288.326.0 4979.2 10419.0

keV/decay 2692.7Principal Gamma and X Rays

Freq. (%) E (keV)69.0 6129.2

5.0 7115.1keV/decay 4618.2

1|O (122.24 s)

PositronsFreq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)

99.89 735.3 1731.8keV/decay 734.5

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/decay 4.15 x 10~6*


199.77 511.0keV/decay 1020.8

1|O (26.91 s)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) £:av (keV) £max (keV)

56.06 1442.7 3264.839.77 2103.5 4621.6

3.83 2216.1 4818.8keV/decay 1732.7

Conversion/ Auger ElectronskeV/decay 0.431 *


3.45 110.090.34 197.050.34 1356.03.35 1444.02.20 1550.0

keV/decay 957.0

Emax (keV)633.5

( 109.77 min)

PositronsFreq. (%) £av (keV)

100.00 249.8keV/decay 249.8


200.00 511.0keV/ 'decay 1022.0

(2.602 y)

PositronsFreq. (%) £av (keV)

89.84 215.4keV/decay 194.0

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/decay 0.088 *

£max (keV)545.5


Na (continued)2211Principal Gamma and X Rays

Freq. (%) E (keV)179.80 511.099.94 1274.5

keV/decay 2192.6

llNa (15.020 h)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) Eav (keV) Emax. (keV)

99.94 553.8 1390.2keV/decay 553.5



100.00 1368.599.94 2754.1

keV/decay 4123.1

J§P (14.26 d)


100.00 694.7 1710.4keV/decay 694.7

l|S (87.44 d)


100.00 48.8 167.5keV/decay 48.8

1?C1 (3.01 x 109 y)17Positrons

Freq. (%) Eav (keV) Emax (keV)keV/decay 0.009 *

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) EW (keV) Emax (keV)

98.10 278.8 709.5keV/decay 273.5


Principal Gamma and X RayskeV/decay 0.155 *

f®Cl (37.21 min)


32.53 420.1 1107.211.41 1181.4 2749.656.06 2244.0 4917.2

keV/decay 1529.4

Conversion/Auger ElectronsFreq. (%) E (keV)keV/decay 0.020 *


32.50 1642.444.00 2167.5

keV/decay 1488.4

^JZr (1.827 h)


99.17 459.0 1198.1keV/decay 463.7



99.16 1293.6keV/decay 1283.6

igK (7.636 min)

Eav (keV) ^max (keV)1216.5 2733.41208.5

PositronsFreq. (%)

99.29keV/decay



198.93 511.099.80 2167.0

keV/decay 3186.9

(1.28 x 109 y)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%)

89.30keV/decay

(keV)585.0522.4

£max (keV)1311.6


more


19 K (continued)


10.70 1460.7keV/decay 156.3

gK (12.36 h)


17.49 822.0 1996.482.07 1563.7 3521.1

keV/decay 1429.5



17.90 1524.7keV/decay 275.9

f JJK (22.6 h)


2.24 136.9 422.491.97 297.9 826.7

3.69 469.1 1223.61.30 761.5 1817.0

keV/decay 308.8Conversion/Auger Electrons

keV/decay 0.292 *


4.11 220.687.27 372.811.43 396.911.03 593.480.51 617.5

1.88 1021.8keV/decay 970.0

(163.8 d)


100.00 77.2 256.9keV/decay 77.2

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/decay 2.22 x 10"4 *

Principal Gamma and X RayskeV/decay 1.34 x 10~5 *

(4.536 d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life47Sc (100.0%) 3.345 y


80.83 241.0 690.918.96 816.7 1988.0

keV/decay 350.5



6.51 489.26.51 807.9

74.00 1297.1keV/decay 1047.1

(83.83 d)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) £av (keV) Emax (keV)

100.00 112.0 357.3keV/decay 112.0



99.98 889.399.99 1120.5

keV/'decay 2009.5

2i>^ (3.345 d)


68.30 142.7 441.231.70 204.1 600.6

keV/decay 162.2



67.90 159.4keV/'decay 108.2


(27.704 d)



10.08 320.1keV/decay 33.4

||Mn (312.5 d)Conversion/Auger Electrons

keV/decay 4.22 *Principal Gamma and X Rays

Freq. (%) E (keV)99.98 834.8

keV/decay 836.0

leFe (8.275 h)Radioactive Daughter52rnMn (100.0%)

Half-Life21.1 min

PositronsFreq. (%) Eav (keV) .Emax (keV)

56.00 339.9 803.6keV/decay 190.4



99.23 168.7112.00 511.0

keV/decay 740.5

(2.73 y)



20Fe (44.496 d)


1.29 35.6 130.545.26 80.9 273.253.17 149.1 465.5


keV/decay 0.252 *

25 Fe (continued)


1.02 142.73.08 192.3

56.50 1099.343.20 1291.6

keV/decay 1188.3

27^v (271.80 d)Conversion/Auger Electrons

Freq. (%) E (keV)6.83 13.61.84 114.91.39 129.4


Freq. (%) E (keV)9.23 14.4

85.95 122.110.33 136.5

keV/decay 125.3

|f Co (70.916 d)

PositronsFreq. (%) E&V (keV) Ernax (keV)

14.99 201.2 475.0keV/decay 30.2'



29.98 511.099.45 810.8

keV/decay 975.8

27v^ (5.2704 y)


99.94 95.8 317.9keV/decay 96.1



99.90 1173.299.99 1332.5

keV/decay 2504.5


(100.1 y)


100.00 17.1 65.9keV/'decay 17.1

J|Zn (9.26 h)Radioactive Daughter Half-Life62Cu (100.0%) 9.74 min

PositronsFreq. (%) Eav (keV) £max (keV)

8.39 258.6 605.0keV/decay 21.7

Conversion/Auger ElectronsFreq. (%) £ (keV)

14.65 31.91.46 39.8

keV/decay 10.9 *


25.19 40.92.49 243.41.88 247.01.34 260.42.21 394.0

14.65 507.616.78 511.015.16 548.325.70 596.6

keV/decay 439.0

(243.9 d)


1.42 142.6 328.8keV/decay 2.02

Conversion/Auger ElectronsFreq. (%) E (keV)keV/decay 4.79 *


2.83 511.050.70 1115.5

keV/decay 583.2

Half-Life55.6 min

more

(13.76 h)

Radioactive Daughter69Zn (100.0%)

Principal Beta ParticleskeV/decay 0.096 *

603rSZn (continued)

Conversion/Auger ElectronsFreq. (%) E (keV)

4.53 429.0keV/decay 22.2 *


94.87 438.6keV/decay 416.5

(9.49 h)


3.80 397.0 923.750.24 1903.4 4153.0

keV/decay 981.0



113.07 511.06.03 833.5

37.90 1039.21.23 1333.12.14 1918.65.71 2189.91.96 2422.8

23.19 2752.01.48 3229.21.40 3381.31.02 3791.61.14 4086.33.49 4295.91.48 4806.6

keV/decay 2454.6 *

(3.261 d)


27.77 83.72.46 92.1


Freq. (%) E (keV)2.96 91.3

37.00 93.320.40 184.6

2.33 209.016.60 300.24.64 393.5

keV/decay 154.8


fnci f\r- ' \(68.06 mm)

PositronsFreq. (%)

1.1287.92

keV/decay

Eav (keV)352.6835.8738.8

£max (keV)821.7

1899.1



178.08 511.03.00 1077.4

keV/decay 947.4

3lGa (14.10 h)


14.97 217.1 650.221.65 223.7 667.027.64 341.9 956.4

1.87 381.0 1048.58.88 569.1 1477.22.98 773.9 1927.08.48 1054.8 2528.0

10.28 1354.2 3158.0keV/decay 497.8



5.54 601.024.77 630.03.20 786.42.01 810.295.63 834.09.88 894.21.10 970.56.91 1050.71.45 1230.91.45 1230.91.13 1260.11.56 1276.83.55 1464.04.24 1596.75.25 1861.11.04 2109.5

25.92 2201.77.68 2491.0

12.78 2507.8keV/decay 2724.2

33^0 (26.0 h)


5.80 821.8 1865.064.04 1114.4 2495.016.29 1525.7 3329.0

keV/decay 1021.3


1.43 679.9keV/decay 12.0 *


175.27 511.07.92 629.9

79.50 834.01.11 1464.0

keV/decay 1776.4 *

(17.76 d)


25.70 407.9 944.33.40 700.9 1540.1

keV/decay 128.6


15.38 242.8 718.318.78 530.9 1353.1


keV/decay 2.49 *


1.45 11.058.20 511.059.22 595.815.39 634.8

keV/decay 758.5

(26.32 h)


1.19 92.8 313.61.89 173.8 540.12.02 436.3 1181.27.60 691.6 1752.8

34.59 996.2 2409.850.99 1266.9 2968.9

keV/decay 1063.8


33 As (continued)


Principal Gamma and X RaysPreq. (%) E (keV)

44.70 559.11.17 563.26.08 657.01.63 1212.73.84 1216.01.39 1228.5

keV/decay 430.0 *

l*Se (119.770 d)

Conversion/ Auger ElectronsPreq. (%) E (keV)

3.02 10.22.48 10.44.48 10.41.05 11.65.32 12.72.70 84.91.55 124.1


Freq. (%) E (keV)16.50 10.532.11 10.5

2.41 11.74.72 11.71.14 66.13.48 96.7

17.32 121.158.98 136.0

1.47 198.659.10 264.725.18 279.5

1.34 303.911.56 400.7

keV/decay 391.7

gBr (16.2 h)Positrons

Freq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)1.42 333.8 770.06.20 373.0 860.35.12 425.1 979.41.22 549.3 1259.82.76 1218.5 2713.92.07 1262.7 2807.7

25.41 1529.8 3370.95.91 1797.3 3930.0


Freq. (%) E (keV)1.16 10.81.71 11.0


Freq. (%) E (keV)6.98 11.2

13.55 11.21.04 12.52.03 12.51.86 472.9

109.53 511.074.00 559.13.55 563.2

15.91 657.04.59 1129.81.70 1213.18.81 1216.12.09 1228.72.52 1380.52.31 1471.1

14.65 1853.71.36 2096.72.49 2111.24.74 2391.21.95 2510.85.62 2792.77.40 2950.51.55 3604.0

keV/decay 2790.4 *

3gBr (57.036 h)

PositronskeV/decay 1.14 *

Conversion/ Auger ElectronsFreq. (%) E (keV)

2.58 10.82.13 11.03.79 11.0

keV/decay 8.36 *

more ...


35 Br (continued)


15.48 11.230.06 11.22.31 12.54.51 12.51.45 87.61.14 161.81.25 200.4

23.89 239.03.08 249.82.37 281.74.30 297.21.22 303.81.62 439.51.03 484.61.48 511.0

23.17 520.71.23 574.63.06 578.91.62 585.51.72 755.32.15 817.8

keV/decay 331.4 *

fjBr (35.30 h)35Principal Beta Particles

Freq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)1.36 76.2 264.6

98.64 137.8 444.3keV/decay 137.0



2.26 221.470.78 554.3

1.17 606.343.45 619.128.49 698.383.56 776.524.04 827.8

1.27 1007.627.20 1044.026.52 1317.516.32 1474.8

keV/decay 2642.0

(13s)Conversion/Auger Electrons

Freq. (%) E (keV)1.10 10.63.42 10.81.05 12.4

26.86 176.12.51 188.51.03 188.71.04 188.8

keV/decay 59.0


5.07 12.69.81 12.71.50 14.1

67.10 190.4keV/decay 130.0

853™Kr (4.480 h)

Radioactive Daughter85Kr (21.1%)

Half-Life10.72 y


79.00 290.3 840.7keV/decay 229.3


3.15 136.06.00 290.5

keV/decay 26.1 *


1.13 12.62.19 12.71.18 13.4

75.37 151.213.76 304.9

keV/decay 156.7

8|Kr (10.72 y)


99.56 251.4 687.0keV/decay 250.5




ggKr (76.3 min)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life87Rb (100.0%) 4.7 x 1010 y


4.39 326.0 927.49.48 499.9 1333.25.59 562.1 1473.66.88 1293.6 3042.6

40.69 1501.3 3485.430.42 1694.0 3888.0



Freq. (%) E (keV)49.50 402.6

1.91 673.97.28 845.41.12 1175.42.05 1740.52.90 2011.99.31 2554.83.91 2558.1

keV/decay 793.1 *

l|Kr (2.84 h)Radioactive Daughter Half-Life88Rb (100.0%) 17.8 min


2.64 109.5 364.666.80 165.4 520.8

9.07 226.5 681.21.91 441.0 1198.31.31 824.4 2050.71.79 1135.9 2716.7

13.96 1233.0 2913.0keV/decay 358.6


1.43 11.410.75 12.31.13 25.41.17 181.1

keV/ 'decay 5.70 *

more ...

ggKr (continued)


2.40 13.34.63 13.42.07 27.53.10 166.0

25.98 196.32.25 362.2

12.97 834.81.31 985.81.28 1141.31.12 1250.71.48 1369.52.15 1518.4

10.93 1529.84.53 2029.83.74 2035.4

13.18 2195.83.39 2231.8

34.60 2392.1keV/decay 1954.6 *

QQ f r

36lvr (3.16 m)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life89Rb (100.0%) 15.44 m


4.00 850.0 2103.914.40 970.0 2371.95.70 1070.0 2569.13.09 1180.0 2810.02.53 1260.0 2971.5

10.20 1400.0 3276.22.90 1480.0 3439.83.60 1580.0 3645.71.30 1730.0 3972.52.30 1930.0 4384.14.40 1940.0 4393.01.20 1980.0 4472.5

23.00 2210.0 4970.0keV/decay 1360.7 *

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/decay 1.3

more ...


CQ -f-r

gglvr (continued)


20.00 220.96.64 497.55.64 577.0

16.60 585.84.20 738.45.92 867.17.18 904.32.92 1107.81.66 1116.63.06 1324.36.88 1472.81.32 1501.03.32 1530.05.12 1533.74.38 1693.71.04 1903.41.56 2012.21.74 2866.21.04 3140.31.04 3361.71.34 3532.97.12 2181.1

keV/decay 1834.5 *

|7Rb (4.576 h)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life81 Kr (100.0%) 2.13 x 105 y


1.79 252.7 577.426.31 446.3 1023.5

keV/decay 123.3Conversion/ Auger Electrons

Freq. (%) E (keV)1 f\7 104-L -VJ 1 -LU ,'~±.

3.64 10.62.12 10.7

11.27 10.83.23 10.92.39 12.21.93 12.43.45 12.4

25.69 176.09 40 188 4^j,^-±\J J.OO.T:

1.00 188.6keV/decay 60.9 *

more ...

37Rb (continued)


16.73 12.632.35 12.7

2.54 14.14.95 14.1

64.03 190.323.20 446.1

3.02 456.75.34 510.5

57.05 511.02.23 537.6

keV/decay 644.9 *

|7Rb (32.87 d)


12.41 338.5 776.713.51 756.3 1658.1

keV/decay 144.1Principal Beta Particles

Freq. (%) Eav (keV) £max (keV)4.00 331.2 890.0

keV/decay 13.2f~>t • / * TT1 J_Conversion/Auger Electrons

Freq. (%) E (keV)1.16 10.42.52 10.61.47 10.77.82 10.82.24 10.91.65 12.21.34 12.42.40 12.4


Freq. (%) E (keV)11.60 12.622.44 12.7

1 7fi 141J. . 1 \J -LT; . X

3.43 14.151.82 511.067.87 881.5

keV/ 'decay 886.6


3?Rb (18.66 d)Principal Beta Particles

Freq. (%) Eav (keV) £max (keV)8.78 232.6 698.0

91.22 709.4 1774.6keV/decay 667.5



8.78 1076.6keV/decay 94.5

||Sr (64.84 d)38Conversion/Auger Electrons

Freq. (%) E (keV)1.57 11.03.29 11.22.02 11.3

10.21 11.43.09 11.52.26 12.91.82 13.13.24 13.1


Freq. (%) E (keV)17.10 13.332.98 13.42.64 15.05.15 15.0

98.30 514.0keV/decay 513.4

85™Sr (2.81 h)38Radioactive Daughter Half-Life87Rb (0.3%) 4.73 x 1010 y


1.60 12.115.02 372.3

1.78 386.2keV/decay 67.1 *


3.01 14.15.79 14.2

82.26 388.4keV/decay 321.0

fjJSr (50.5 d)Principal Beta Particles

Freq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)99.99 583.3 1492.1

keV/'decay 583.2



(29.12 y)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life90Y (100.0%) 64.0 h


100.00 195.7 546.0keV/decay 195.7

(64.0 h)


99.98 934.8 2284.0keV/decay 934.6



|JY (58.51 d)


99.70 603.7 1543.0keV/decay 602.2




4Q^L (64.02 d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life95Nb (99.2%) 35.02 d


54.59 109.2 366.444.20 120.4 398.9

1.11 327.0 887.4keV/decay 116.9



44.14 724.254.50 756.7

keV/decay 732.1

954™Nb (86.6 h)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life95Nb (94.5%) 35.02 d


2.31 334.9 957.23.22 437.7 1161.3

keV/decay 21.9


1.45 13.71.04 13.84.42 14.01.58 14.11.14 15.91.61 16.2

54.39 216.77.41 233.01.23 233.22.23 233.32.00 235.3

keV/decay 152.6


11.71 16.522.35 16.6

1.99 18.63.73 18.62.24 204.1

24.07 235.7keV/decay 68.7

4lNb (35.02 d)


99.95 43.3 159.7keV/decay 43.5



99.79 765.8keV/decay 764.3

J|MO (65.94 h)42

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life99mTc (88.6%) 6.01 h


16.39 133.0 436.31.13 289.6 847.9

81.86 442.7 1214.3keV/decay 389.2


3.44 19.5keV/decay 3.51 *


1.06 18.32.01 18.41.05 40.64.52 140.56.08 181.11.15 366.4

12.13 739.64.34 778.0

keV/decay 149.2

"™TC (6.01 h)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life"Tc (100.0%) 2.11 x 105 y



8.84 119.5keV/decay 16.1 *


"4™Tc (continued)


2.10 18.33.99 18.4

89.06 140.5keV/decay 126.5

(39.26 d)

Radioactive Daughter103Rh (99.7%)

Half-Life56.11 min


6.61 30.8 116.192.18 64.2 229.4

keV/decay 63.8

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/ 'decay 2.77 *


90.90 497.15.73 610.3

keV/decay 494.7

(368.2 d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life106Rh (100.0%) 29.9 s


100.00 10.0 39.4keV/decay 10.0

103JgRh (56.114 min)


9.54 16.529.34 36.641.40 36.814.39 39.32.48 39.8

keV/decay 37.1 *


2.20 20.14.17 20.2

keV/decay 1.71 *

Radioactive Daughter110Ag (1.3%)

(29.9s)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) E&v (keV) £max (keV)

1.70 779.2 1978.19.69 976.1 2406.48.39 1266.5 3028.2

78.84 1508.0 3540.0keV/decay 1412.3



20.60 511.89.81 621.81.46 1050.1

keV/decay 204.9 *

1104?Ag (249.9 d)

Half-Life24.6 s


67.49 21.8 83.930.59 165.5 530.7

keV/decay 65.7

Conversion/Auger ElectronskeV/'decay 6.54 *


3.66 446.82.78 620.3

94.74 657.710.72 677.66.49 687.0

16.74 706.74.66 744.3

22.36 763.97.32 818.0

72.86 884.734.32 937.524.35 1384.33.99 1475.8

13.11 1505.01.18 1562.3

keV/decay 2750.5


(24.6s)


4.40 893.9 2235.195.21 1199.1 2892.8

keV/decay 1181.4



4.50 657.7keV/decay 30.6

109(462.9 d)


1.29 17.82.04 18.11.72 18.35.89 18.52.40 18.71.87 21.11.46 21.42.52 21.6

41.77 62.53.26 84.2

18.86 84.521.93 84.78.95 87.51.61 88.0

keV/decay 82.6 *


28.47 22.053.66 22.2

4.95 24.99.66 24.92.71 25.53.61 88.0

keV/decay 26.0

l\\ln (2.83 d)


1.01 18.61.57 18.91.34 19.04.48 19.31.85 19,51.46 22.01.13 22.31.96 22.58.41 144.65.04 218.6

keV/'decay 34.7 *


23.61 23.044.38 23.2

4.15 26.18.08 26.12.35 26.6

90.24 171.394.00 245.4

keV/decay 404.9

(1.658 h)


1.21 20.128.80 363.7

4.09 387.51.13 391.0

keV/decay 134.0 *


6.99 24.013.12 24.2

1.24 27.22.40 27.3

64.23 391.7keV/decay 257.7


115JgIn (4.486 h)

Radioactive Daughter115In (96.3%)

Half-Life4.36 h


4.95 279.3 831.2keV/decay 13.9


1.65 20.139.29 308.3

5.78 332.01.51 332.51.69 335.6

keV/decay 158.5


9.54 24.017.90 24.21.69 27.23.28 27.3

45.37 336.2keV/decay 161.1

Sb (2.77 y)12551Radioactive Daughter Half-Life125mTe (23.1%) 119.7 d


13.54 25.0 95.45.72 33.1 124.8

18.15 34.8 130.81.50 67.6 241.8

40.32 87.0 303.57.22 134.6 445.9

13:54 215.5 622.2keV/decay 86.6


1.80 22.76.17 30.51.35 34.6

keV/decay 13.6 *

1|lSb (continued)


13.43 27.225.01 27.52.43 30.94.73 31.01.45 31.74.31 35.56.70 176.31.50 380.5

29.50 427.910.33 463.417.64 600.64.84 606.7

11.33 636.01.72 671.5

keV/decay 430.8

h)53J

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life123Te (100.0%) 1.3 x 1013 ;


1.24 22.11.10 22.43.30 22.71.42 23.01.19 26.01.57 26.6

13.62 127.21.61 154.0

keV/decay 28.4 *


24.65 27.245.90 27.54.46 30.98.68 31.02.66 31.7

83.30 159.01.39 529.0

keV/'decay 172.7 *


3I (4-18 d)Positrons

Freq. (%) Eav (keV) Emax (keV)11.29 685.9 1532.311.29 973.6 2135.0


Freq. (%) E (keV)2.20 22.71.05 26.6


Freq. (%) E (keV)16.47 27.230.67 27.5

2.98 30.95.80 31.01.78 31.745.73 511.060.50 602.79.98 722.81.43 1325.51.66 1376.02.99 1509.510.41 1691.0

keV/decay 1083.2 *

125ll (60.14 d)


1.37 21.82.00 22.11.78 22.45.31 22.72.28 23.01.92 26.01.50 26.32.54 26.69.49 30.62.13 34.7


Freq. (%) E (keV)39.71 27.273.95 27.57.19 30.9

13.98 31.04.29 31.76.65 35.5

keV/decay 42.0

53x (1 .57x l0 7 y)


100.00 50.3 154.4keV/decay 50.3


2.27 24.51.13 28.89.64 32.12.14 36.7


Freq. (%) E (keV)19.96 29.537.02 29.83.65 33.67.11 33.62.37 34.47.50 37.6

keV/decay 24.5

Xf 3! (8.04 d)

Half-Life11.84 d


2.13 69.4 247.97.36 96.6 333.8

89.41 191.5 606.3keV/decay 181.7


3.63 45.61.55 329.9


Freq. (%) E (keV)1.40 29.52.59 29.82.62 80.26.06 284.3

81.24 364.57.27 637.01.80 722.9

keV/decay 381.6

Radioactive Daughter131mXe (1.1%)


133531 (20-8 h)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life133Xe (97.1%) 5.25 d

Principal Beta ParticlesPreq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)

1.24 109.8 373.83.74 139.7 461.83.12 161.5 523.64.15 298.5 884.71.81 351.6 1016.2

83.52 440.6 1230.11.07 573.2 1526.8


keV/decay 4.28 *


1.81 510.586.31 529.9

1.49 706.61.23 856.34.47 875.31.49 1236.42.33 1298.2

keV/'decay 607.2 *

531 (6-61 h)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life135Xe (83.5%) 9.09 h


1.04 86.4 302.41.41 103.1 353.84.79 137.5 455.57.42 145.4 478.01.59 195.9 618.11.11 213.4 665.18.00 242.9 742.78.81 312.5 919.8

21.77 358.4 1032.98.10 405.1 1145.77.70 450.4 1253.4

24.10 534.9 1450.61.11 591.1 1579.5

keV/'decay 363.9Conversion/Auger Electrons

keV/decay 3.19 *

53 1 (continued)


1.75 220.53.09 288.53.52 417.67.13 546.66.67 836.81.20 972.67.93 1038.81.60 1101.63.61 1124.0

22.53 1131.528.63 1260.48.65 1457.61.07 1502.81.29 1566.49.53 1678.04.09 1706.57.70 1791.2

keV/decay 1576.3 *

(36.4 d)Conversion/ Auger Electrons

Freq. (%) E (keV)1.18 23.01.06 23.33.08 23.61.33 23.93.93 24.41.15 27.11.50 27.71.54 112.13.65 139.06.62 169.7

keV/decay 32.4 *


24.98 28.346.43 28.6

4.55 32.28.82 32.32.83 33.11.23 57.64.29 145.3

25.54 172.168.30 202.917.21 375.0

keV/decay 280.1


133,g|Xe (2.188 d)

Radioactive Daughter133Xe (100.0%)

Half-Life5.25 d


1.83 24,563.51 198.611.87 227.72.56 228.16.26 228.44.57 232.21.23 233.2

keV/decay 192.4Principal Gamma and X Rays

Freq. (%) E (keV)16.05 29.529.78 29.8

2.94 33.65.72 33.61.91 34.49.99 233.2

keV/decay 40.8

1||Xe (5.245 d)


99.33 100.5 346.0keV/decay 100.3


1.44 25.553.54 45.0

6.52 75.31.45 80.0


Freq. (%) E (keV)13.71 30.625.34 31.0

2.52 34.94.89 35.01.70 35.8

37.42 81.0keV/decay 46.1

135m Xe (15.29 min)Radioactive Daughter133Xe (100.0%)


Half-Life9.09 h

more

(continued)


15.59 492.02.26 521.1


Freq. (%) E (keV)3.94 29.57.31 29.81.40 33.6

80.66 526.6keV/decay 429.0

1|4Xe (9.09 h)Radioactive Daughter Half-Life135Cs (100.0%) 2.3 x 106 y


3.12 170.7 549.896.00 307.4 908.2


Freq. (%) E (keV)5.64 213.8


Freq. (%) E (keV)1.46 30.62.70 31.0

90.13 249.82.90 608.2

keV/decay 248.6

1||Xe (14.17 min)Radioactive Daughter138Cs (100.0%)

Half-Life32.20 min


3.06 150.2 492.49.46 176.9 566.9

32.55 266.0 803.320.01 948.9 2379.813.34 966.2 2417.95.57 1036.7 2571.64.98 1139.5 2819.28.96 1148.5 2814.3

keV/decay 652.3


54Xe (continued)


2.56 10.91.74 117.81.80 222.3

keV/decay 20.3 *


1.15 30.62.12 31.05.95 153.73.50 242.6

31.50 258.36.30 396.42.17 401.4

20.32 434.51.47 1114.3

16.73 1768.31.42 1850.95.35 2004.7

12.25 2015.81.44 2079.22.29 2252.3

keV/decay 1125.0 *

1||Cs (32.06 h)


1.33 23.91.19 24.23.38 24.51.47 24.91.29 28.11.68 28.83.81 34.1

keV/decay 17.8 *


29.74 29.555.18 29.85.45 33.6

10.60 33.63.53 34.42.99 39.61.33 278.62.46 318.2

30.80 371.922.45 411.53.42 548.9

keV/decay 281.2

(29.9 min)

(keV) £max (keV)893.0 1988.0397.2

PositronsFreq. (%)

44.02keV/decay


1.36 24.5keV/decay 3.89 *


11.95 29.522.16 29.82.19 33.64.26 33.61.42 34.4

89.29 511.04.10 536.1

keV/decay 516.7

1HCS (9.69 d)


2.39 24.51.04 24.91.19 28.8

keV/decay 6.60 *


21.02 29.538.99 29.83.85 33.67.49 33.62.50 34.4

keV/decay 22.8

,134™CS (2.91 h)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life134Cs (100.0%) 2.062 y


16.03 10.23.92 11.2

35.18 91.53.01 121.8

19.60 122.118.33 122.59.13 126.52.30 127.5

keV/decay 112.4 *

more .


(continued)


9.03 30.616.68 31.0

1.66 34.93.22 35.01.12 35.8

12.70 127.5keV/decay 27.1

13,lCs (2.062 y)OO v u '

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) Ew (keV) £max (keV)

27.28 23.1 88.62.47 123.4 415.2

69.80 210.1 657.9keV/decay 157.4



1.46 475.48.38 563.2

15.43 569.397.56 604.785.44 795.8

8.73 801.91.80 1167.93.04 1365.2

keV/decay 1555.3

1|^Cs (30.0 y)

Half-Life2.552 min


94.43 173.4 511.55.57 424.6 1173.2

keV/decay 187.4

131

Radioactive Daughter137Ba (94.6%)

Ba (11.8 d)Radioactive Daughter131Cs (100.0%)

PositronskeV/decay 6.76 x 10~4

Half-Life9.69 d

ggBa (continued)


1.17 24.81.05 25.12.92 25.51.27 25.81.14 29.21.48 29.91.17 42.8

18.13 87.81.69 118.12.08 118.42.23 118.81.28 122.81.83 180.1

keV/decay 45.8 *


27.72 30.651.24 31.05.10 34.99.89 35.03.43 35.829.05 123.8

2.19 133.619.90 216.12.41 239.62.81 249.4

13.33 373.31.29 404.01.89 486.5

43.78 496.31.23 585.01.57 620.01.19 1047.6

keV/decay 458.9

Radioactive Daughter133Ba (100.0%)

(38.9 h)

Half-Life10.74 y


15.85 11.25.36 12.31.47 26.4

59.24 238.610.87 270.12.31 270.54.88 270.84.04 275.01.16 276.1

keV/decay 221.3 *


56Ba (continued)


1.39 12.315.18 31.827.95 32.22.80 36.35.42 36.41.96 37.3

17.51 276.1keV/ 'decay 66.8

(28.7 h)


1.50 26.460.16 230.811.17 262.22.39 262.65.22 263.04.21 267.21.21 268.2

keV/decay 208.1


15.41 31.828.39 32.22.84 36.35.51 36.41.99 37.3

15.64 268.2keV/decay 60.1

(2.552 min)


8.32 624.21.19 655.7

keV/decay 65.1 *


2.13 31.83.92 32.2

89.78 661.6keV/decay 596.5

(12.74 d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life140La (100.0%) 40.27 h


24.60 136.5 453.99.82 176.6 567.43.80 305.6 872.4

38.86 339.6 991.222.92 356.9 1005.0


Freq. (%) E (keV)10.82 12.72.57 13.9

53.82 23.75.62 24.12.45 24.5

12.80 28.83.45 30.01.48 123.7

keV/decay 36.5 *


1.22 13.913.78 30.01.01 33.46.21 162.64.30 304.93.15 423.71.93 437.6

24.39 537.3keV/decay 182.7

1|°La (40.272 h)


11.12 440.8 1238.25.71 443.2 1243.95.61 465.0 1295.7

44.87 487.1 1347.75.11 514.4 1411.8

20.83 629.2 1676.54.81 845.8 2163.5

keV/'decay 525.8Conversion/Auger Electrons

keV/decay 9.33 *

more ...


57-Lcl (continued)


1.05 34.720.74 328.8

2.99 432.545.94 487.04.41 751.8

23.64 815.85.59 867.82.68 919.67.05 925.2

95.40 1596.53.43 2521.7

keV/decay 2315.9

1||Ce (32.50 d)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) E&V (keV) £/max (keV)

70.20 130.0 435.929.80 181.1 581.3

keV/decay 145.2


18.71 103.52.35 138.6

keV/decay 25.5 *

Principal Gamma arid X RaysFreq. (%) E (keV)

4.86 35.68.87 36.01.76 40.7

48.20 145.4keV/decay 76.5

145|Ce (284.3d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life144Pr (98.6%) 17.28 min


19.58 49.4 181.94.60 65.3 235.3

75.82 90.2 315.4keV/decay 81.1


3.485.33

38.191.5

keV/decay 11.1

(284.3 d)

Principal Gamma and X Rays? (keV)

35.636.040.780.1

133.5

Freq. (%)2.965.401.071.64

10.80keV/decay 20.7

144 (17.28 min)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) £av (keV) Smax (keV)

266.9894.7

1221.71207.5

811.32300.52997.0

1.081.17

97.74keV/decay



1.48 696.5keV/decay 31.9 *

147o~~ (2.6234 y)

Half-Life6.9 x 109 y


99.99 62.0 224.7keV/decay 62.0



Radioactive Daughter147Sm


(32.022 d)


7.14 10.61.89 18.98.38 34.21.26 39.52.09 40.91.12 47.31.35 48.8

34.85 50.43.90 53.01.43 53.51.79 54.51.33 58.81.58 61.26.07 71.11.15 83.54.78 99.71.26 107.9

10.30 117.82.44 120.92.14 121.91.25 128.6

12.79 138.61.39 167.11.74 187.8

keV/decay 123.2 *


53.00 49.893.73 50.7

9.94 57.319.17 57.58.20 59.1

43.74 63.12.66 93.6

17.37 109.81.88 118.2

11.11 130.521.45 177.234.94 198.0

1.90 261.110.80 307.7

keV/decay 311.4

*?f All (2.696 d)


1.30 79.4 284.898.68 314.5 960.7

keV/decay 311.5


2.88 328.7keV/decay 15.5 *


1.38 70.895.51 411.8

1.06 675.9keV/decay 404.4

^Hg (64.1 h)


8.88 11.13.57 11.22.93 11.81.42 13.0

31.98 63.014.91 63.610.91 65.414.03 74.64.39 77.3

keV/decay 66.5 *


1.81 11.212.84 11.44.39 11.62.31 11.62.57 13.4

20.47 67.034.96 68.818.00 77.34.14 77.67.94 78.03.27 80.2

keV/decay 70.3 *


Hg (46.612 d)


100.00 57.8 212.6keV/decay 57.8


13.80 193.72.07 263.81.05 264.5

keV/decay 41.2 *


2.17 10.31.62 12.23.86 70.86.53 72.91.49 82.6

81.46 279.2keV/decay 238.0

2018lTl (73.1 h)


7.09 11.53.23 11.51.55 12.11.14 13.47.30 15.86.28 17.41.90 27.81.63 29.37.47 52.2

15.44 84.31.14 120,52.35 152.6

keV/decay 43.4 *


1.21 11.610.55 11.84.19 11.91.51 12.02.15 13.8

27.15 68.946.18 70.8

5.48 79.810.53 80.34.43 82.62.65 135.3

10.00 167.4keV/decay 93.5

2°4lTl (3.779 y)

Principal Beta ParticlesFreq. (%) EW (keV) £max (keV)

97.42 243.9 763.4keV/decay 237.6



2HT\ (3.053 rain)


3.11 340.9 1033.024.66 439.4 1285.621.94 533.2 1518.949.01 647.2 1796.3

keV/decay 557.1


1.27 10.12.84 189.41.97 422.81.28 495.2

keV/decay 53.9 *


1.23 10.62.23 72.83.76 75.06.31 277.4

22.61 510.884.48 583.2

1.81 763.112.42 860.699.16 2614.5

keV/decay 3360.2

218°2Pb (22.3 y)

Radioactive Daughter210Bi (100.0%)

Half-Life5.013 d

Alpha ParticleskeV/decay 7.07 x 10~5


80.00 4.14 16.520.00 16.1 63.0

keV/decay 6.54

more ...


2loPb (continued)82Conversion/Auger Electrons

Preq. (%) E (keV)8.25 10.32.94 10.61.42 12.52.39 12.62.14 13.3

51.90 30.15.43 30.8

13.60 43.34.60 46.5

keV/decay 31.4 *


8.37 10.82.13 12.72.09 13.04.11 13.02.46 13.24.05 46.5

keV/decay 4.81 *

2|2Pb (10.64 h)

Half-Life50.55 min


5.08 41.9 157.582.98 94.4 334.211.77 172.6 572.8

keV/decay 101.0


5.76 10.32.19 12.63.42 24.7

32.32 148.11.29 209.65.04 222.21.32 235.5

keV/decay 74.4 *

Radioactive Daughter212Bi (100.0%)

2||Pb (continued)82Principal Gamma and X Rays

Freq. (%) E (keV)5.84 10.81.46 13.03.75 13.0

10.42 74.817.51 77.12.08 86.83.99 87.31.84 89.9

43.65 238.63.34 300.1

keV/decay 145.2

(26.8 min)82

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life214Bi (100.0%) 19.9 min


2.52 49.7 184.948.10 207.2 672.142.12 227.4 728.86.29 336.7 1024.0

keV/decay 219.2


5.06 10.31.79 12.69.50 36.82.48 50.05.32 151.47.43 204.69.48 261.41.16 278.81.47 335.5

keV/decay 74.0 *


5.13 10.81.28 13.03.08 13.01.10 53.26.39 74.8

10.73 77.11.28 86.82.45 87.31.13 89.97.46 241.9

19.17 295.237.06 351.9

1.09 785.9keV/decay 249.8 *


Bi (5.013 d)

Radioactive Daughter212Po (64.1%)

21083Radioactive Daughter Half-Life210Po (100.0%) 138.7 d

Alpha ParticleskeV/decay 0.006 *


100.00 388.9 1161.4keV/decay 388.9

2g|Bi (60.55 min)

Half-Life0.298 s

Alpha ParticlesFreq. (%) E (keV)

25.24 6050.99.64 6090.0

keV/decay 2174.7Principal Beta Particles

Freq. (%) £av (keV) £max (keV)1.89 190.5 625.41.46 228.6 733.34.49 530.6 1518.8

55.30 831.5 2246.0keV/decay 491.9


18.25 24.51.87 25.24.73 36.91.57 39.9


Freq. (%) E (keV)2.82 10.31.50 12.21.09 39.96.65 727.21.11 785.41.51 1620.6

keV/decay 106.3 *

214 (19.9 min)

Radioactive Daughter214Po (100.0%)

Half-Life164.3 s

Alpha ParticleskeV/decay 1.15 *


1.04 248.1 787.52.78 260.8 822.35.48 352.0 1065.94.31 385.0 1151.42.48 424.5 1252.71.49 427.0 1259.21.18 433.4 1275.41.57 474.8 1379.78.28 491.9 1422.6

17.60 525.2 1505.517.90 539.3 1540.43.32 615.2 1726.61.01 667.9 1854.57.52 683.6 1892.3

17.70 1268.6 3270.0keV/decay 637.6



46.09 609.31.56 665.54.88 768.41.23 806.23.16 934.1

15.04 1120.31.69 1155.25.92 1238.11.47 1281.04.02 1377.61.39 1401.52.48 1408.02.19 1509.21.15 1661.33.05 1729.615.92 1764.52.12 1847.41.21 2118.54.99 2204.11.55 2447.7

keV/decay 1508.2 *


(138.376 d)


100.00 5304.6keV/decay 5304.5



(0.298 s)


100.00 8784.3keV/decay 8784.3

212 p84^0

84x v (164.3 s)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life210Pb (100.0%) 22.3 y


99.99 7687.2keV/decay 7687.1



2g|Po (3.05 min)g

Radioactive Daughter214Pb (100.0%)


99.98 6002.6keV/decay 6001.4


Half-Life26.8 min

(55.6 s)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life216Po (100.0%) 0.145 s


99.93 6288.4keV/decay 6288.0



2f|Rn (3.8235 d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life218Po (100.0%) 3.05 min


99.92 5489.7keV/decay 5489.3



2||Ra (3.66 d)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life220Rn (100.0%) 55.6 s


4.90 5448.995.08 5685.6

keV/'decay 5673.9



3.90 241.0keV/decay 9.90 *

2HRa (1600 y)

Radioactive Daughter Half-Life222Rn (100.0%) 3.824 d


5.55 4601.894.44 4784.5

keV/decay 477 4 A



3.28 186.0keV/decay 6.75 *


A TY~1 /"/1QO Ogr-rA.111 (Qi6£.2

Alpha ParticlesFreq. (%)

1.4012.8085.19

keV/decay

y)

E (keV)5388.45443.15485.85479.1

Conversion/Auger ElectronsFreq. (%) £ (keV)

22.30 10.611.593.64

16.047.942.29

20.612.192.71

11.871.385.491.722.743.503.682.791.44

12.014.384.761.733.24

11.0610.06

1.242.40

10.107.722.71

keV/decay

10.811.613.113.414.214.615.616.016.116.917.117.921.021.821.925.826.327.728.832.233.234.137.137.938.539.041.955.159.5

58.6 *

more ...

gcjAm (continued)

Principal GammaFreq. (%) E

1.382.75

24.596.533.191.41

20.022.824.861.331.221.032.41

35.90keV/decay

and X Rays(keV)11.913.813.916.817.117.517.818.020.821.121.321.526.359.534.1


Documents

DK2015_APP