DIRECTORATE OF ACADEMICS GOMAL UNIVERSITY, DERA … University... · 2 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ayaz Khan Dean Faculty of Agriculture 3 Prof. Dr. Umar Ali Khan Acting Dean Faculty of Arts

FOREWORD

The university is a place wherein students not only acquire knowledge but also enhance

skill and build their character. In other words, university has been a source of higher

education, learning, knowledge and wisdom, transforming generations, inculcating

positivity, preaching peace and harmony. This could only be achieved when an effective

teaching and examination system is in place. However, Gomal University since 1974

lacks in any effective teaching and examination system without which the great aim of

education can hardly be achieved. An amalgamation of out dated term and annual

systems possessing numerous complications under the pretext of semester system was

in vogue at Gomal University. This necessitated replacing this outdated ineffective

system with true Semester System. In 2015-16, the Semester System was launched in

its true spirit which not only benefits both students and faculty through generating

interactive class room culture but also efficiently substantiates and manages academic

and administrative processes. Therefore, Semester System’s rules and regulations were

formulated, got approved through University’s Statutory Bodies and were implemented

in letter and spirit. This has not only improved graduate’s quality but also will go a long

way to attain at par excellence.

Focusing the same, new statutes, rules and regulations were introduced with an aim to

bring Gomal University at par with top ranked global universities administratively and

most importantly academically. The statutes and rules have been devised, amended

and implemented in accordance with Higher Education Commission, Islamabad’s

guidelines and in terms of Section-29(i) of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Universities Act

2012 amended 2016. These are called Gomal University Semester System of

Examinations Regulations–2005 (Revised–2016) implemented from 2015 to regulate

under- and post-graduate teaching and examinations. The new statutes and rules being

student centric have produced encouraging results which are acknowledged and

applauded by all and sundry.

I took over as Vice Chancellor, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan on 28th July 2016.

Since then, we have been striving hard to transform Gomal University into world class

educational institution though our professional insight, vision’s clarity and shared

leadership.

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Tamgha-i-Imtiaz

Distinguished National Professor OSU Distinguished Alumnus (USA)

S.No. CONTENTS PAGE #

Preamble

1. Title

2. Commencement

3. Credit hours for Bachelor / Master /MPhil or equivalent / PhD

4. Degree program (2-year bachelor)

5. Fall, spring & summer semesters

6. Course registration

7. Academic calendar

8. Change of course (s)

9. Migration and transfer of courses/ credit hours

10. Non-credit courses

11. Class attendance and cancellation of admission

12. Examination

13. Duration of examination

14. Evaluation of papers and result

15. Grading

16. Probation & dropout policy

17. Failure / re-appearing in examination

18. Calculation of GPA and CGPA

19. Ready reckoner table for determination of grade points

20. Requirement for the award of degree

21. Award of position

22. Format of final transcript

23. Course file

24. Freezing of semester


25. Teacher’s evaluation

26. Maintenance and implementation of semester rules

27. MPhil or equivalent/PhD programs

28. Rules and Regulations for MPhil or equivalent degree

29. Admission regulations for MPhil or equivalent degree

30. Requirements for award of MPhil or Equivalent degree

31. Research thesis for MPhil or equivalent degree

32. Rules and Regulations for PhD program

33. Regulations of admission for PhD program

A. Eligibility

B. Procedure

C. Registration of the selected candidates

34. Requirements for the award of PhD degree

A. Course requirements

b. Comprehensive Examination

c. Research Requirements

d. Thesis defense requirements

e. Thesis Submission Requirements

Guidelines for synopsis reparation (M.hil and PhD Degree programs)

Synopsis format

Certification of approval from the supervisory committee

List of contents

Research title

Abstract

Student’s Declaration

Chapters

How to cite, Journal, Book, Conference etc.


Guidelines for thesis writing (MPhil and PhD Degree programs)

Specific instructions

Thesis format

Certificate of approval from the supervisory committee

List of content

Student’s declaration

Lists

Acknowledgment

Research title

Abstract

Chapters

Using in text citation in APA

How to cite, Journal, Book, Conference etc.

Appendices (Different Proformas)

GOMAL UNIVERSITY SEMESTER SYSTEM REGULATIONS 2015-16 & ONWARDS

Preamble Whereas it is expedient to incorporate standard procedures provided by Higher Education

Commission (HEC) Islamabad in existing semester system-2005 regulations, revised-2015-16, in

order to bring them at par with rules of country’s best universities and international standards.

Aforesaid regulations are hereby amended in accordance with the HEC guidelines and in terms

of Section-29(i) of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Universities Act 2012 amended in 2016.

1. Title

These regulations shall be called the GOMAL UNIVERSITY SEMESTER SYSTEM REGULATIONS-

2005, revised-2015-16, which shall regulate semester system in all those Bachelor, Master,

MPhil or Equivalent and PhD degree programs where semester system is in vogue.

2. Commencement

These regulations shall come into force with effect from session 2015-16.

Scheme of Studies for Bachelor/Master/MPhil or Equivalent /PhD Programs

Total credit hours

• 60 – 70 (2-year program)

• 120 – 140 (4-year program)

• 160 (5-year program)

• 26–32 (MPhil or Equivalent program)

• 21(course work for PhD program)

Semester duration • 18 weeks

i. Fulltime students (Credit hours per semester)

• 15–18 credit hour (Undergraduate Programs)

• 09 – 12 credit hours (Postgraduate Programs)

ii. Part time students (Credit hours) • 06 – 09 credit hours (only MPhil and PhD Programs)

Programs)

Medium of instruction • English, except Islamic Studies, Arabic and Urdu

3. Credit Hours for Bachelor / Master / MPhil Or Equivalent / PhD

a) A credit hour means teaching a theory course for 60 minute each week

throughout the semester.

b) One credit hour in laboratory or practical work/project etc. requires laboratory contact

duration of at least 120 minute each week throughout the semester.

c) The credit hours are denoted by two digits within brackets with a hyphen in

between. The first digit represents the theory part while the second digit (right

side) represents the practical. For example, 4(3-1) means a total of 04 credit hours

course, out of which 03 credit hours are for theory and 01 credit hours is for practical.

d) 1 credit hour = 20 Marks

4. Degree Program (2-Year Bachelor)

a) The 2-year Bachelor Degree (BA, BSc, etc.) is equivalent to 50 credit

hours under semester system. The candidate can get benefit of maximum 50

credit hours, on course to course basis.

b) A Bachelor (Hons) degree program is of 120-140 credit hours.

i. A student after 2-year Bachelor degree should be enrolled in Bachelor (Hons)/ 2-

year Master programs to complete remaining 70-90 credit hour (if the courses

taken by him/her during the 2-year Bachelor program are relevant to the Bachelor

(Hons). However, 10 credit hours are devoted for Bridge Courses for the relevant

program.

ii. Program courses in which students want to enroll; e.g. a student of Arts with 2-

year Bachelor degree is not eligible for Bachelor (Hons) in Science. However, a

student with 2-year Bachelor’s degree in Science is eligible for admission in BBA

program or for the program where he / she is eligible. The Institute / Center /

Department / College must develop its own admission criteria for students holding

2-year degree through respective Departmental Board of Studies (DBS) and

approved by competent authority.

5. Fall, Spring & Summer Semesters

a) There are two regular semesters (Fall & Spring) and a Summer Semester in one

academic year. Each semester spreads over 18 weeks inclusive of examinations.

b) Student studying in Bachelor (02 years) and Master programs take up 12-18 and 09-12

credit hours, respectively.

c) Only failed students register in Summer Semester.

d) The credit hours during each week of Summer Semester (9 week) are doubled to ensure

that the course is completely taught to cover the duration deficiency compared with a

regular Semester (18 weeks).

e) In Summer Semester, students can register courses equivalent to regular Semester.

However, students completing their graduations after the Summer Semester can take

more courses than normal Semester’s load.

f) Regular/normal dues of the Semester will be charged in Summer Semester.

g) Semester break of two weeks (for students) after Fall and Spring semesters.

6. Course Registration

a) Students register courses for each semester by filling registration form. In first

semester, students register their courses during first week of the commencement of

the classes whereas in subsequent semesters, they register their courses during

semester break.

b) Complete registration includes fulfilling all financial obligations for the course.

c) Deans and Directors / Head of Departments (HoD) issue class formation of

undergraduate and postgraduate degree program, respectively before the

commencement of classes.

7. Academic Calendar

Each Faculty notifies a complete academic calendar for its Fall, Spring and Summer Semesters

including the following:

i. Semester start date

ii. Course registration

iii. Period of course registration (1 week)

iv. Withdrawal of course(s) 01week before Mid Examination

v. Mid Examination date

vi. Semester termination date

vii. Final examination week

viii. Result notification date by teacher

ix. First day teacher will hand over semester’s daily lecturer-wise teaching program of each

course to students.

x. Each teacher will maintain course file, ensuring students’ access to it.

xi. Deans shall ensure to meet requirements and deadline notified for each semester in the

academic calendar. Students are expected to know and observe rules, regulations,

course load, prerequisites and policies of the University/Departments / Institutes in

which they are enrolled. The HoD must arrange orientation classes during 1st week of

semester, making them aware about Rules and Regulations i.e. Semester System of

examination and students discipline rules etc.

8. Change of Course (s)

A student, on the recommendation of HoD with the consent of the concerned Dean, is allowed

to:

a) Change a course within seven days after Semester’s commencement.

b) Drop a course within five weeks after Semester commencement.

9. Migration and Transfer of Courses / Credit Hours

Migration and transfer of courses is allowed in undergraduate programs subject to following

conditions:

a) If DBS verifies that the course contents passed by the candidate are at par with the

course being taught in the department, the same will be allowed to be transferred else

he / she will have to register for deficiency courses whenever offered.

b) No course passed in less than B grade is transferred.

c) Migration from any HEC recognized university shall not be accepted in 1st and final

semester of degree program or if his/her merit is less than the last students admitted

during that academic year.

10. Non-Credit Courses On the recommendation of HoD, students can enroll audit courses from Elective Courses. If a

student fails in a paper (s), he / she will have to repeat the course.

11. Class Attendance and Cancellation of Admission

a) A student must attend at least 75% of classes to be eligible to appear in semester’s final

examination.

b) At the end of each month the teacher concerned sends a class attendance status,

stating total number of lectures delivered, practical conducted and lectures/practical

attended by each student to HoD / Centre / Institute / College. The HoD / Director must

display it on Department / Institute / Centre’s notice board for students. The teacher

concerned displays students’ names who fall in lecture shortage category at least one

week before Final Examination and such students are ineligible to appear in Final

Examination. They shall reenroll the course whenever offered in regular semesters but

not in Summer Semester.

c) Each teacher must submit daily list of absent undergraduate and postgraduate students

to Dean and Director / HoD, respectively and if any student remains absent

continuously for ten days in all enrolled courses, his/her admission shall stand cancelled

and the same be notified. He / She will have to get re-admission within 15 days on the

recommendation of the HoD / Director after Dean’s approval subject to payment of

prescribed charges (fee, fine, etc.). However, he/she is ineligible to appear in Final

Examination having less than 75% attendance. Only two chances of re-admission are

allowed in the whole period of his degree program.

d) If a student fails to apply for restoration of his admission within 15 days, he/she will be

allowed re-admission with students of next session in the same semester by paying

double fee.

12. Examination

a) There shall be Mid Examination, Quizzes, Assignments, Presentations, etc. and Final

Examinations in each course in every semester.

b) The weightage of these examinations (Mid/Final/Quizzes/Assignments etc. in theory

c

o

u

r

s

e

s

s

h

a

l

l

b

e

as follows:

Nature of examination Marks % Course contents covered Exam Schedule

Mid Examination 30 50 % of the course

contents 9th weeks of the semester

Quizzes / Assignments / Presentation, etc., Presentations etc.

10 100 % of the course

contents Time to time or schedule

issued by the concern HoD

Final Examination 60 100 % of the course

contents 18th weeks of semester

a) The distribution of marks for laboratory courses shall be as follows:

Nature of examination Marks %

1. Mid Examination 30

2. Practical note book 30

3. Final examination 30

4. Viva Voce 10

Practical exam can also be conducted as a whole depending upon departments’ policy

except engineering departments who will follow the above-mentioned breakup.

a) Dean / HoD must ensure the course completion of subject according to academic schedule.

b) Passing theory and practical courses independently is compulsory; if a student fails in any

one of them, he/she will be declared fail in the course.

c) There is no supplementary/special examination in a semester system; if a student fails in a

course, he / she is required to reenroll it whenever offered.

d) Paper setter of Final Examination must cover the whole course shown as under.

Nature of examination Marks %

1. MCQs 20

2. Short Questions 40

3. Long Questions 40

13. Duration of Examination

The date sheet shall be displayed one week before the start of examination on the Notice Board

of the Department / Institute concerned. The copy of the same will be sent to Controller of

Examinations (CE), the Director Graduate Studies & Research Board (GSRB), Director, QEC and

concerned Dean by HoD / Director.

14. Evaluation of Papers and Results

a) Concerned teacher after evaluation of Mid Examination must ensure an opportunity to

each student to see his/her answer sheet and must get it signed by the student on

his/her answer sheet as proof.

b) On the day of Final Examination, teacher has to notify the date, inviting students to see

their evaluated Final Examination’s answer sheets and getting them signed by students

as a proof.

c) The teacher concerned shall prepare final award list within a week of examination

conduct. The final award list of each examination, answer sheets, question paper and

Name of Examination Duration of paper

(Minutes) Exam Center/Duty Staff

Mid Examination 45 – 50 In the class / concern teachers and his / her staff if required

Quizs / Assignments / presentation

Dependent upon teacher concern

In class, home work/teacher concern

Final examination At least 90 In examination hall/in the supervision of the concern teacher and other teaching staff assistance

unsigned answer sheets

when student(s) not

satisfied by teacher’s

evaluation shall be

discussed in DBS and

DBS’s decision will be

final. Thereafter

concerned teacher will

send final award list to CE

within 10 days of Final Examination’s termination date. The minutes of each course

discussed in DBS will be recorded by HoD/Director and same will be communicated to

concerned Dean and CE.

d) The teacher shall display final award list on Department / Institute / Centre / College’s

Notice Board and the same is forwarded to Dean and HoD. The teacher concerned shall

retain one copy for record in student’s file.

e) Answer sheets, award lists and unfair means cases be submitted to CE for further

process within 10 working days after the termination of final examination and a copy to

HoD and Dean be sent for information. The CE shall declare result of each course within

15 day after the receipt of final award list except unfair means cases.

15. Grading a) The grading of the students in semester system shall be as follows:

Marks obtained Numerical Grade Letter Grades Remarks

90%- 100% 4.00 A+ Outstanding

80% – below 90% 4.00 A Excellent

75% – below 80% 3.50 – 3.99 B+ Very Good

70% – below 75% 3.00 – 3.49 B Good

65% – below 70% 2.50 – 2.99 C+ Fair

60% – below 65% 2.00 – 2.49 C Fair

55% – below 60% 1.50 – 1.99 D+ Pass

50% – below 55% 1.00 – 1.49 D Pass

Less than 50% 0.00 – 0.00 F Fail

NA NA W Withdrawn from the course

NA NA I Incomplete

a) Numerical Grade / GPA / CGPA will have to be rounded up to two decimal fractions

only.

b) Calculation of GPA / CGPA of each course shall be made according to the

example as given in Section 18 of the Regulation.

16. Probation & Dropout Policy

a) For completion of undergraduate degree (16 years of education), the minimum

qualifying CGPA is 2.00 and for MPhil or Equivalent/PhD is 3.00.

b) A Bachelor/Master and MPhil or Equivalent / PhD student who obtains CGPA less than

2.00 and 3.00

respectively in first

academic year (Fall,

Spring & Summer

semester) and in

any subsequent

semester, he / she

will be put on

probation and shall be issued a written warning by Dean (undergraduate) and Director /

HoD (postgraduate). A copy of the warning letter shall also be sent to parents /

guardian, Dean and CE.

c) If he / she fails to maintain succeeding CGPA above or equal to 2.00 and 3.00 in

Bachelor / Master and MPhil or Equivalent / PhD respectively, he / she will be dropped

off the roll.

d) If the CGPA falls below 2.00 and 3.00 in Bachelor/Master and MPhil or Equivalent /PhD

program respectively at the end of last semester, he / she will be required to improve

some / all subjects of any semester with multiple chances whenever offered till such

time he/ she meets the minimum requirement of 2.00 & 3.00 CGPA, but not exceeding

to maximum duration required for that degree program. Duration of various degree

programs is as under.

Name of Degree Program Duration of Degree Program

Minimum Maximum

BS (4-year program) 04 year 05 year

Bachelor / Master/MPhil or Equivalent (2-year

program) 02 year 03 year

PhD program (3-year program) 03 year 04 year

17. Failure / Re-

Appearing in

Examination

a) If a student fails in

securing 50% marks

(D-Grade) in any

subject, he / she will

be declared FAIL (F-

Grade) in that subject

and will have to PASS this subject. He / she will be required to re-register that course

whenever offered.

b) An undergraduate (Bachelor / Master) student, who obtains passing marks but less than

60% in a course, may also re-register in that course whenever offered in regular

semesters to improve his / her grade/marks. Maximum number of ≤6 & ≤3 courses that

a student may repeat in BS 4-year and MSc 2-year degree programs, respectively.

c) A postgraduate

(MPhil or Equivalent & PhD)

student who obtains passing

marks but less than 70% in a

course, may also re-register in

that course whenever offered

in regular semester to

improve his/her grade/marks.

Maximum number of 02

courses that a student may

repeat in a degree program.

d) Only one chance, succeeding to the first attempt for fail and improvement paper is

allowed to students. Only two subjects (fail papers & improvement of papers etc.) can be

registered in a semester in addition to his / her regular semester’s subjects.

e) The marks sheet for that semester will be re-prepared/failed subjects by concatenating

obtained subject grade with F. For awarding subject grades for re-appeared / improved

subjects as in the case of failed subjects, i.e. “R” will be concatenated to the subject

grade in the new transcript after improvement.

Example

Subject Credit Hours Marks % Grade Grade Point GP x Credits

Algorithm 3 60 C 2 6

C Language 3 70 B 3 9

Physics 3 80 A 4 12

Islamiat & Pak Studies 3 60 C 2 6

Microprocessor 3 40 F 0 0

Statistics 3 50 D 1 3

GPA = 36/18 = 2.0

After passing the subject

Subject Credit Hours Marks % Grade Grade Point GP x Credits

Algorithm 3 60 C 2 6

C Language 3 70 B 3 9

Physics 3 80 A 4 12

Islamiat & Pak Studies 3 60 C 2 6

Microprocessor 3 70 BF 3 9

Statistics 3 50 D 1 3

GPA = 45/18 = 2.5

18. Calculation of GPA and CGPA Consider the following example where a student has completed a course of 3, 3, 3 and 4

credit respectively in 1st semester and courses of 2, 3, 4 credit hour in 2nd semester.

Suppose he / she obtains 52% marks in Test / Assignment, 55% marks in Mid-Term Examination and

67.7 % marks in Terminal Examination of course 1 of 3 credit hour, his / her final percentage on

course 1 shall be as follows:

52.0 x .2 = 10.40 % 55.0 x .3 = 16.50 % 67.7 x .5 = 33.85 %

Total = 60.75 % which is equivalent to C-Grade.

The Grade Points associated with this percentage, as given in the Ready Reckoner Table,

comes out to be 2.07%.

Now, suppose the grade points calculated in similar fashion for course II, III and IV of the same

students are those given in the following table to calculate Grade Point Average (GPA):

Course Credits Grade GP Total GP credits

Course I 3 C 2.07 6.21

Course II 3 B 3.33 9.99

Course III 2 B+ 3.56 7.12

Course IV 4 B+ 3.89 15.56

Total 12 38.88

GPA = 38.88 / 12 = 3.24

Similarly his / her GPA of second semester is

Course Credits Grade GP Total GP credits

Course I 2 B 3.24 6.40

Course II 3 B+ 3.67 11.01

Course III 4 B+ 3.83 15.32

Course IV 3 A 4.00 12.00

Total 12 44.73

GPA = 44.73 / 12 = 3.72

CGPA after completion of courses of 24 credit is calculated as under:

CGPA = 83.61 / 24 = 3.483 = 3.49

19. Ready Reckoner Table for Determination of Grade Points

%AGE GRADE POINT

50.00 - 50.99

51.00 - 51.99

52.00 - 52.99

53.00 - 53.99

54.00 - 54.99

55.00 - 55.99

56.00 - 56.99

57.00 - 57.99

58.00 - 58.99

59.00 - 59.99

1.00 – 1.09

1.10 – 1.99

1.20 – 1.29

1.30 – 1.39

1.40 – 1.49

1.50 – 1.59

1.60 – 1.69

1.70 – 1.79

1.80 – 1.89

1.90 – 1.99

60.00 - 60.99

61.00 - 61.99

62.00 - 62.99

63.00 - 63.99

64.00 - 64.99

65.00 - 65.99

66.00 - 66.99

67.00 - 67.99

68.00 - 68.99

2.00 – 2.09

2.10 – 2.99

2.20 – 2.29

2.30 – 2.39

2.40 – 2.49

2.50 – 2.59

2.60 – 2.69

2.70 – 2.79

2.80 – 2.89

69.00 - 69.99 2.90 – 2.99

70.00 - 60.99

71.00 - 61.99

72.00 - 62.99

73.00 - 63.99

74.00 - 64.99

75.00 - 65.99

76.00 - 66.99

77.00 - 67.99

78.00 - 68.99

79.00 - 69.99

80.00 and above

3.00 – 3.09

3.10 – 3.99

3.20 – 3.29

3.30 – 3.39

3.40 – 3.49

3.50 – 3.59

3.60 – 3.69

3.70 – 3.79

3.80 – 3.89

3.90 – 3.99

4.00

20. Requirement for the Award of Degree

For BS or Equivalent and MPhil or Equivalent / PhD degree programs, a student must have

regular admission in the program of the institution, pass all the courses of study prescribed in

the relevant scheme of studies and obtain a CGPA of at least 2.00 and 3.00 respectively.

21. Award of Position

The 1st, 2nd and 3rd positions will be determined by obtained marks. The 1st , 2nd, and 3rd

position holders in undergraduate (4 year program) programs will be awarded Gold, Silver and

Bronze Medals, respectively and 1st position holder in MPhil or Equivalent degree is awarded

only Silver Medal provided each category of medal winners obtains not less than 70% marks in

first chance in any subject.

22. Format of Final Transcript The final transcript for the award of degree includes the following information:

a. Picture of the applicant (front side of the transcript).

b. Name of student (front side of the transcript).

c. Father name (front side of the transcript).

d. Registration No. (Front side of the transcript).

e. Session (front side of the transcript).

f. Semester (fall/spring/ summer semester) front side of the transcript.

g. Subjects detail along with credit hours (front side of the transcript).

h. GPA/CGPA and overall percentage against earned CGPA (front side at the end of the

transcript).

i. Signature of issuing officer(s) of Examination Section (front and back side at the end of

the transcript).

j. Scale (back side of the transcript).

23. Course File

Maintenance of Course / Project /

Internship file is compulsory for the

teacher. The course file will contain:

1. Class formation issued by Dean /

Director / HoD

2. Description of course / course contents

(as approved by the concerned DBS)

3. Lecture wise teaching program

4. List of materials to be consulted

5. Course code and its title

6. Handouts given by teacher in class

7. Date of Mid Examination

8. Grading policy will identify each activity,

such as

Quizzes/assignment/presentation, Mid-

Examination, Final Examination,

Research Project & Internship Report,

etc.

9. Copy of each assignment

10. Copy of each quiz given

11. Copy of Mid & Final Examinations

12. Grading sheets (Proforma) & statistical

data regarding the grade obtained by the

students

13. Difficulties/problems faced during

classroom / course delivery & attendance

and leave record of the students.

14. Regarding internship, the completion

report issued by the Trainer / Head of

the concerned Section of the

organization will be mandatory on the

prescribed proforma and evaluation will

be made by the internal and external

supervisor (wherever applicable) after

successful completion / defense of

internee.

15. Final Examination week

Note: Degree / Certificates of semester system

examinations will be issued without

mentioning words As a Whole / In-Parts.

24. Freezing of Semester

1. Freezing of Semester is only allowed after successful completion of 1st semester as

prerequisite.

2. There should be solid reasons on record (with documentary proof) up to the

satisfaction of Dean of the faculty concerned.

3. A student, during semester freezing period, is not allowed to stay in the

university hostels.

4. Double fee will be charged for semester freezing.

5. Semester freezing is allowed during the first four weeks after the

commencement of semester. No freezing after the first four weeks is

allowed. The maximum duration of the degree program shall remain the same.

6. If a student freezes a semester(s), he/she shall resume his/her studies from the same

semester where he /she froze it.

25. Teacher’s Evaluation

In semester system, the first step is the scrutiny and approval of the course outline by the

relevant bodies of the university. The course teacher plays a very pivotal role. There is very

little control over the Instructor when he /she is in the classroom, therefore;

a. It is mandatory on the Dean to ensure each course teacher evaluation from QEC. It must be

done in the last week of the semester (in the absence of the course teacher to maintain

impartiality). This evaluation should be objective and should be shared with the concerned

course

teacher for

his / her

improvement

/knowledge.

b. Evaluation

done by the

students will

be

completely anonymous. The student will not be required to indicate name or roll numbers,

registration numbers or by any other means whatsoever.

26. Maintenance and Implementation of Semester Rules

a. The rules/regulations shall be modified from time to time under the supervision of

Directorate of GSRB those statutory bodies.

b. Dean of the faculty and concern HoD ensure the implementation of Semesters’ Rules &

Regulations in letter and spirit.

27. MPhil or Equivalent/PhD Programs

The programs of studies of various disciplines shall be offered subject to infrastructure’s

availability, staff and facilities and shall be open to all eligible candidates of Pakistan and

beyond.

28. Rules & Regulations for MPhil or Equivalent Degree

a. For full time students, MPhil or equivalent programs shall extend over a period of 02 year

(04 Semesters) and shall not extend beyond 03 year (06 Semesters). However, extension

within stipulated period of 03 year may be granted on Supervisor’s categorical

recommendations provided approved by GSRB. For part time students, the duration of

MPhil or equivalent programs shall extend over a period of 03 year (06 Semesters) and

shall not extend beyond 04 year (08 Semesters).

b. The scheme of studies for MPhil or equivalent degree programs shall be as under:

i. Course work in major subjects in which candidate is registered

ii. Course work in minor subject, in which candidate is registered.

iii. Thesis based on original research work carries out under the guidance of a

Students Supervisor Committee (SSC).

iv. Evaluation of thesis by the concerned SSC and submission to CE for external

evaluator. The candidate ceases to be student of the Gomal University on the day

he/she successfully defends and submits his/her thesis to CE.

29. Admission Regulations for MPhil or Equivalent Degree

a. Eligibility

i. The candidate who possesses at least second division or 2.5 CGPA in BS or equivalent

degree of this university or an equivalent qualification from any other recognized

university in the relevant subject.

ii. Candidate must have qualified/passed an entry test duly approved by the Gomal

University. As per decision of GSRB in its 165th meeting held on 30/11/2016 submission

of proposed Project / Synopsis and its defense by the candidate seeking admission to

MPhil or equivalent program is mandatory.

b. Procedure

i. The number of seats for MPhil or equivalent programs depends on available facilities

and detail of admission schedule shall be advertised in national/international press by

GSRB on behalf of the department concerned.

ii. After receipt of applications for registration in degree programs, a Departmental

Admission Committee, HoD, Department’s 02 senior most teachers and Director, GSRB

or his nominee, shall scrutinize the applications, conduct candidates interview and

finalizes their list purely on merit.

iii. The Admission Committee shall forward the names of the suitable candidates to GSRB

for provisional selection of MPhil or equivalent program students.

iv. The provisionally selected candidates shall be notified by the GSRB under intimation to

Institute/ Department concerned.

c. Registration of Selected Candidates

i. A candidate who shall be accepted in MPhil or equivalent degree program by GSRB must

register itself with the department within thirty (30) days of admission notification’s

issuance.

ii. A candidate’s admission shall be confirmed when he /she has deposited prescribed dues in

university account within the period mentioned above, has submitted an undertaking

that he/she shall abide by rules and regulations framed by university from time to time and

has submitted all the documents required by the university.

iii. A student registered for MPhil or equivalent degree course shall be called MPhil or equivalent

degree student.

iv. A student can get registered as Part Time student in MPhil or equivalent degree program

and Part Time student shall take maximum 03 courses.

30. Requirements for Award of MPhil or Equivalent Degree

a. Course Requirements

i. An MPhil or Equivalent degree student shall have to pass 32 credit hours courses

including 02 credit hour; 01 for seminar and 01 for special problem shall be reserved for

course work prescribed by the respective Board of Studies and 6 credits shall be for

thesis research before submission of the thesis for the degree. The seminar and special

problem’s course number will be same for all disciplines of University.

ii. An MPhil or equivalent degree student shall have to deliver one seminar of one credit

hour and will be allotted course code. Seminar Evaluation Committee (SEC) constituted

for all departments of the faculty by the Dean taking one member from each

department will conduct seminar. A student who delivers seminar must have 75%

attendance in participation in other students’ seminars.

iii. An MPhil or equivalent degree student shall have to submit review/research report on

Special Problem of one credit hour, relating to the candidate’s field of research.

b. Research Requirements

The research work shall be carried out at Gomal University under the guidance of SSC

on title approved by the GSRB. The registered student of this university may carry out

his/her part of thesis research in another university/research organization under the

guidance of a co-supervisor.

31 Research Thesis for MPhil or Equivalent Degree

a. Research supervisor will be allotted by DBS in the first semester and Supervisor is

responsible to prepare and get approved student’s course work and SSC in 1st semester

and in case it is not approved, the student cannot be enrolled in 2nd semester. The

student has to submit his/her approved research synopsis in 2nd Semester failing which

he/she is not entitled to be registered in 3rd semester. The synopsis of the proposed

research work shall be carefully evaluated by SSC comprising Supervisor (Major Field of

Study), Member (Major Field of Study) and Member (Minor Field of Study). The SSC will then

send its recommendations along with the final copy of synopsis forwarded by Head of

the Department and Counter singed by the Dean to Director GSRB for approval.

b. The student shall conduct research and write thesis according to the approved plan

under the guidance of SSC.

c. Research thesis can be submitted by a candidate only after passing the approved course

work, passing comprehensive examinations (Written & oral) and successfully defending

thesis at university level. The candidate shall submit two printed copies and one

softcopy of his / her thesis through the supervisor to HoD / Director. The Supervisor of

the student will send his/her student’s thesis to Quality Enhancement Cell (QEC) for

plagiarism from his/her official E-mail ID and thereafter thesis be submitted to GSRB.

One hard copy of thesis will be sent for external evaluation after its approval from the

GSRB and the other hardcopy of thesis will be kept for office record.

d. There shall be a panel of examiners, duly approved by GSRB, from which the Vice-

Chancellor shall appoint one external examiner for the evaluation of thesis. The

external examiner shall examine the thesis and send his/her evaluation report on

prescribed proforma to the CE, Gomal University for consideration.

e. In case the external examiner approves the thesis for MPhil or equivalent degree, the

GSRB will send the approved evaluation report of the examiner to the Supervisor for

correction of thesis and fixing a date for defense.

f. The thesis Viva / defense shall be conducted by SSC and External Examiner.

g. Thesis marks (120) will be awarded on average basis by SSC and External Examiner. All

must be satisfied with the viva and unanimously declare the student PASS.

h. Thesis marks and Grade awarded will be mentioned in the final transcript of the student

and will be added in the CGPA.

i. If the external examiner finds that the thesis is inadequate, the candidate may be

permitted to revise and resubmit his/her thesis for a new examination within the stated

dates.

j. If the external examiner feels that the thesis though defective, but is of sufficient merit,

the candidate may be permitted to correct his / her thesis for re-submission within

three months.

k. Only one chance of re-submission shall be allowed to the student and if the revised

thesis is not approved under the aforesaid procedure, the thesis shall finally be

rejected.

l. If the thesis is adjudged as adequate but the candidate fails in viva examination he / she

may be permitted to reappear once in the viva examination within a period not

exceeding six months.

m. If the student successfully passes Viva exam, he/she shall be required to submit eight

hard-binding copies (inclusive one copy for the candidate) of his / her thesis to the

department concerned before he / she is recommended for MPhil or equivalent degree

award to the GSRB which after approval shall ask CE for result notification.

32. Rules & Regulations for PhD Program

a. The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) program shall extend over a period of at least 03 years

(06 Semesters) and shall not extend beyond 04 years (08 Semesters). However,

extension may be granted within stipulated period on the categorical recommendation

of supervisor conditioned with GSRB’s approval.

b. The PhD’s duration shall extend over a period of at least 04 years (08 Semesters) and

shall not extend beyond 05 years (10 Semesters) for a Part Time student/scholar at

Gomal University.

c. The requirement of PhD program shall be as follows:

i. Completing PhD level course work of 21 credit hours, including 02 seminar

courses, each of 01 credit hour and 01 credit hour course of special problem,

ii. Passing written and oral comprehensive examinations

iii. Thesis based on original research work carried out under the guidance of SSC.

iv. Thesis evaluation through public defense at University level

33. Regulations of

Admission for PhD

Program

a. Eligibility

i. The minimum

qualification for a

candidate to be

registered as PhD

scholar shall be MPhil or equivalent degree with minimum 3.00 CGPA or 1st division in

the relevant field from this university or an equivalent degree from any other

recognized university.

ii. Candidate has to pass an entry test duly approved by the Gomal University. As per

decision of GSRB in its 165th meeting held on 30/11/2016 submission of proposed

Project/Synopsis and its defense by the candidate seeking admission to PhD program

will be mandatory

iii. After selection, the candidate has to obtain consent of a qualified faculty member of

the Department / Institute / College concerned to act as his/her supervisor. In certain

cases, co-supervisor can be appointed from other Universities / Research &

Development Organizations where the scholar can conduct part of his / her thesis

research work.

b. Procedure

i. The PhD program shall be advertised by the GSRB in the national press on behalf of the

department concerned.

ii. After the receipt of applications for registration in a PhD program, an Admission

Committee, comprising Dean of faculty, HoD, 02 senior most PhD teachers of

department and Director GSRB or his nominee, shall scrutinize the applications and

arrange interview for the candidates:

iii. If number of PhD teachers in a department is less than 03, PhD teachers in other

relevant disciplines will be deputed/ appointed by the Vice-Chancellor.

iv. The Admission Committee shall forward the names of the suitable Candidates to the

GSRB for provisional selection of PhD research Scholars.

v. The provisionally selected candidates shall be notified by Director GSRB under

intimation to the department concerned.

Note: In case the candidate is awarded HEC Indigenous / Split PhD, his/her supervision shall only be

HEC recognized supervisor. Scholarship, he / she shall be directly considered for admission if

otherwise eligible. As per decision of GSRB in its 164th meeting held on 19/09/2016 PhD

admissions will be open round the year subject to eligibility and other procedural requirements.

However, it is pertinent to add that the classes will start either in spring or fall semester

respectively.

c. Registration of the Selected Candidates

i. The candidate accepted in PhD program by the GSRB must register

him/her within 30 days notification issued by GSRB.

ii. The candidate’s admission shall be confirmed when he/she has deposited the

prescribed dues in the university account within the period mentioned above, has

submitted an undertaking that he / she shall abide by the rules and regulations framed

by the university from time to time and submitted all the documents required by the

university.

iii. A student registered for the PhD program shall be called PhD scholar.

iv. A PhD scholar shall be registered in the university for a period of 03 years. In case the

scholar is not in a position to complete his / her PhD degree within 03 year, the GSRB

may extend the period for another 01 year on the recommendations of the supervisor.

34. Requirements for the Award of PhD Degree a. Course Requirements

i. A PhD Scholar shall have to meet the following conditions:

ii. A PhD Scholar is required to complete PhD level course work of minimum 21 credit

hours including 03 courses; 02 seminar courses, 01 credit hour each and 01 special

problem of 01 credit hour. The Seminar Committee (SC) representing each department,

constituted by the Dean will evaluate seminar course and result will be sent by

Supervisor.

iii. Conduct of Public Synopsis defense at university level dually approved by SSC before

submitting to GSRB for its final approval.

iv. PhD thesis research must be defended at University level and evaluated by SSC and

internal member before submission of thesis to GSRB for sending for external

evaluation.

v. Submission of thesis after incorporation of external examiners comments in case

examiners approve it.

vi. A student who delivers seminars must have 75% attendance.

vii. A PhD student shall have to submit review/research report on Special Problem of one

credit

hour

course and will be allotted course code. Special Problem course will relate to the

candidate’s field of research for his PhD studies.

b. Comprehensive Examination

i. A PhD scholar shall have to pass written comprehensive and oral examinations

(maximum 02 attempts) before submission of thesis.

ii. There are 03 papers for written comprehensive examination 02 from major field of

study and 01 from minor field of study after completion of the course work and will be

conducted by CE.

iii. The Comprehensive Examination Committee comprising 03 examiners (Paper setters)

two from Major Field of study and one from Minor field of study. The course outlines

will be prepared by Departmental Board of studies of Major and Minor field of studies.

The VC will tick the examiners out of panel of 03 for each paper.

iv. The duration of written comprehensive examination of one paper will be 05 hour. At

least one question will be taken from each core subject for conducting written

comprehensive examination. Out of Six questions, five will be mandatory.

v. After receiving the qualifying results (65%) from examiners, the CE, Gomal University,

notifies the result of successful scholars and the schedule for the oral comprehensive

examination. The candidate has to pass both written comprehensive and oral

examinations. In case he fails any one of them, the candidate will be declared fail in all

papers.

vi. Oral examination of the candidate will be conducted by the committee comprising Dean

of Faculty, 03 Paper Setters and 02 VC’s nominees.

vii. The successful completion of Comprehensive Examinations and approved PhD research

thesis is mandatory for granting candidacy as PhD researcher.

c. Research Requirements

i. The approval of student’s course work and his supervisor’s allotment shall be in 1st

semester otherwise he/she shall not enroll in 2nd semester. The PhD research synopsis

shall be approved in 2nd semester. In case not approved, he/she will not be enrolled in

3rd semester.

ii. The SSC must meet once in a month to assess student’s progress and minutes of this

monthly meeting be recorded.

iii. Research synopsis will be evaluated by SSC in a public seminar at university level.

iv. The research work shall be carried out in the Gomal University under the guidance of

SSC on the title approved by the GSRB. However, the registered student may conduct

part of his/her thesis research in another university /research organization under the

guidance of a Co-Supervisor if any.

v. The PhD scholar shall submit each semester’s progress report through his/her

supervisor for GSRB’s consideration. In case, 02consecutive adverse reports, his/her

admission shall be cancelled.

d. Thesis Defense Requirements

i. The defense will be conducted in a public presentation in which the candidate will

present his/her research work and answer questions of the audience. Any member(s) of

the faculty, other than those mentioned above, shall be allowed to sit during the

defense and put questions to the candidate. However, they will not have any influence

on the defense result.

ii. If the thesis is adjudged as adequate but the candidate fails to defend the

Thesis/dissertation, he/she may be permitted to reappear in the defense presentation

within a period not exceeding six months. However, only one chance is allowed to

reappear in such presentation.

e. Thesis Submission Requirements

i. The candidate shall conduct research and write thesis / dissertation according to the

approved plan under the guidance of SSC.

ii. The candidate shall submit copies of his/her thesis/ dissertation for examination, not

before a period of 03 years by complying with the following conditions:

iii. It must form distinct contribution to knowledge and show evidence of originally, either

by the discovery of

new facts or by the

exercise of

independent critical

judgment. It must

be written in English

and the

presentation must

be satisfactory for

publication.

iv. An abstract of his /

her research to be

incorporated in each copy of the thesis / dissertation submitted to the university.

v. A candidate shall not be permitted to submit his/her thesis / dissertation research work

for which a degree has been conferred on him / her in this or any other university.

vi. Research thesis can be submitted by a candidate only after passing the course work,

comprehensive examinations and successful defending of thesis research. The

candidate shall submit two printed copies (one softcopy) of his / her thesis through the

supervisor to the Head of the Department. The Supervisor of the student will send his /

her student’s thesis to Quality Enhancement Cell (QEC) for plagiarism test from his / her

official E-mail ID and thereafter four copies of thesis be submitted to DGSR. Two hard

copies of the thesis will be sent for external evaluation after its approval from the GSRB

and one hardcopy each of thesis will be kept for office record in the Directorate

graduate studies and in the office of CE.

vii. Minimum two research paper published in impact factor in journal or in HEC “X”

category journals for Sciences and “Y” category journals for Social Sciences will be

required before declaration of result.

viii. There shall be a panel of 12 examiners, duly approved by GSRB, from which the Vice-

Chancellor shall appoint two foreign examiners from technologically/ academically

advanced countries for the evaluation of thesis / dissertation of the candidate avoiding

Pakistani origin evaluators. The external examiners shall examine the thesis /

dissertation and send their evaluation reports on prescribed proforma to the CE, Gomal

University for consideration and decision of the GSRB.

ix. If the external examiners find that the thesis / dissertation is inadequate, the candidate may

be permitted to revise and resubmit his / her thesis / dissertation for a new

examination within the stated dates.

x. If the external examiners feel that the thesis though defective, but is of sufficient

merit, the candidate may be permitted to correct his / her thesis / dissertation for re-

submission within three months.

xi. A maximum of one chance of re-submission shall be allowed to the candidates and if

the revised thesis / dissertation is not approved under the aforesaid procedures, the

thesis / dissertation shall finally be rejected.

xii. If the candidate successfully defends the thesis / dissertation, he / she shall be required

to submit eight hard-binding copies (inclusive one copy for the candidate) of his / her

thesis / dissertation to the department concerned before he / she is recommended for

the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the GSRB which after approval shall

ask the CE for notification of the result.

xiii. The candidate shall also submit two copies of PhD thesis/dissertation (both hard and

soft) along with country directory proforma in Directorate of Graduate Studies, Gomal

University. Out of which, one hard + softcopy along with country directory proforma

will be sent to HEC for record and for attestation of the PhD degree in future and the

other hard copy for office record.

Note: The maximum number of PhD

students under the supervision of a

full time one faculty member will be

five which may be increased to eight

under special circumstances in

certain teaching departments

subject to prior approval of the HEC.

However, eminent faculty/scientists

such as HEC distinguished professors, fellow of Royal Societies (FRS) and those who

have cumulative impact factor of 100 or more can supervise as many PhD students as

they wish.

Guidelines for Synopsis Preparation

(MPhil and PhD Degree programs)

General Instructions

Margins

1½ inches at the left side, 1 inch at the top, bottom and right side. New chapters should start

on new pages with the first line indented. After the sub-headings, the first line is also indented

Text Spacing

Text font size 12 with line spacing 1.5 in Introduction, Review of Literature, Materials and

Methods, and References sections with justified right margins. Footnotes, long quotations,

table captions, appendices legend and similar special materials may be single spaced

Type Style

Times New Roman

Font Size

Text font size 12, main headings 14 (bold), sub-headings 12 (bold). Figures size 10 (single

spaced)

Paper Size and Specification

A4 size paper, recommended quality 80-90 g. Use only one side of the page for printing

Length of Synopsis

The synopsis should not be less than 12-15 pages for MPhil and 20-25 for PhD. degree

programs

Page Numbering

Preliminary pages of the synopsis (Certificate of approval from the Supervisory Committee, List

of Contents, Abstract and Student’s Declaration) are to be numbered in lower case Roman

numerals (i, ii, iii………) and placed in the middle at the bottom of each page. All items following

the text i.e. Introduction, Review of Literature, Materials and Methods, and References

sections should be numbered consecutively throughout in numeric (Arabic) numbers (1, 2,

3……….) beginning with number 1 on the first page of introduction and shown in the middle at

the bottom of each page. Page number should not be shown on the title page

Number of Copies

Four copies (1 for Student, 1 for Supervisor, 1 for Quality Enhancement Cell and 1 for Office

record) are to be submitted by the student in department/institute

Reference Style

The approved style for citing reference is “Manual of the American Psychological Association-

APA” (6th edition)

Specific Instructions

Composition of the Synopsis

The synopsis must be assembled in the following order:

→ Title

Synopsis must include title of proposed research, university logo, name of the student (with

registration number), place of work, month and year of submission

→ Certificate of Approval from the Supervisory Committee

Synopsis must be signed by the Supervisory Committee

→ Student’s Declaration

This page should contain declaration by the student on originality of the synopsis and proposed

research work. Following the student’s declaration, first page of the plagiarism report (if score

is less than 20%) must be attached along with signature of the student and research supervisor

Main Components

1. Introduction

1.1 Overview

1.2 Historical perspective

1.3 Problem statement

1.4 Significance of the study

1.5 Hypothesis (for Social Sciences)

1.6 Limitations of the study

1.7 Objectives

2. Review of Literature

Review of literature shows the work done previously in the area of proposed research and is

necessary to plan further research effectively. The information given in the review should be

supported by references. This section must be comprised of at least 1/3rd of the total synopsis

and written in running / story form. Last paragraph should be the conclusion of overall

literature reviewed and its relation to the student’s own research topic. One half of the

literature must be reviewed from the last 05 years

3. Materials and Methods

3.1 Proposed place of work and facilities available

3.2 Plan of work and methodology adopted

3.3 Treatments to be studied (if applicable)

3.4 Parameters/variables to be studied (if applicable)

3.5 Methods of data collection (if applicable)

3.6 Sampling technique and procedure (if applicable)

3.7 Sample size (if applicable)

3.8 Validity and reliability test (if applicable)

3.9 Research model / framework to be used (if applicable)

3.10 Layout plan

3.11 Statistical test to be used

4. References

The references should be in alphabetical order as per the APA format

Synopsis Format

(MPhil and PhD Degree Programs) Synopsis Title (Font 16, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

By (14, Italic, Center aligns)

Student Name (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

Registration Number <<e.g. 600-dagr-88>> (14, Title Case, Normal, Center aligns)

A synopsis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of <<MPhil or

PhD.>> in <<Degree Program Name>> (14, Normal, Center aligns)

<<DEPARTMENT NAME>>

GOMAL UNIVERSITY

DERA ISMAIL KHAN

PAKISTAN

(16, Bold, UPPER CASE, Center aligns)

Month and Year in which Synopsis is Submitted <<e.g. August 2017 >> (14, Bold, Center

aligns)

Certificate of Approval from the Supervisory Committee

(14, UPPER CASE, Bold, Center aligns)

We, the Departmental Supervisory Committee, hereby certify that the contents and form of

synopsis submitted by <<Student Name>>, <<Degree Program Name>>, <<Department

Name>> were checked and found satisfactory. As per directions of the Higher Education

Commission, the synopsis of the student was checked for plagiarism in which <<Plagiarism %>>

similarities were found as per report attached hereto which is within the acceptable range.

Thus, the revised synopsis is submitted for notification.

(12, Normal, Justify text)

Supervisory Committee

Name Signature

a) _____________________ Supervisor (from the major field) ________________

b) _____________________ Co-Supervisor (if any) ________________

c) _____________________ Member (from the major field) ________________

d) _____________________ Member (from the minor field) ________________

Forwarded by

_________________________ Chairperson/Director _________________

_________________________ Dean _________________

List of Contents (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

S. No Description Page No

1. Abstract…………………………………………………………………………. i

2. Student’s Declaration………………………………………………………. ii

3.

Chapter 1: Introduction………………………………………………

1

1.1 Overview

1.2 Historical perceptive



1.5 Hypothesis


1.7 Objectives

4. Chapter 2: Review of Literature………….………………………

5. Chapter 3: Materials and Methods………………………………

6.



3.3 Treatments to be studied

3.4 Parameters/variables to be studied

3.5 Methods of data collection

3.6 Sampling technique and procedure

3.7 Sample size

3.8 Validity and reliability test

3.9 Research model / framework to be use

3.10 Layout plan


7. Chapter 4: References……………………………………………..

Research Title (16, Bold, Center aligns)

Abstract (14, Bold, Center aligns)

The abstract should briefly explain the purpose of research, methodology adopted and

expected outcomes. It is presented separately and must be able to stand alone. The abstract

should be in one paragraph containing at least 200-300 words both for MPhil and PhD. degree

programs.

(12, Normal, Justify text, Line spacing 1, Paragraph spacing 6)

Student’s Declaration (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

I, <<Student Name>>, do hereby state that my <<MPhil or PhD.>> synopsis titled

_______________________________________________________________________is my

own work and has not been submitted previously by me for taking any degree from Gomal

University, Dera Ismail Khan or anywhere else in the country/world.

I understand the zero tolerance policy of the HEC and Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan

towards plagiarism. Therefore I declare that no portion of my synopsis has been plagiarized

and any material used as reference is properly cited.

I undertake that if I am found guilty of any formal plagiarism in the above titled synopsis even

after award of <<MPhil or PhD.>> degree, the university reserves the rights to

withdraw/revoke my <<MPhil or PhD.>> degree and that HEC has the right to publish my name

on the website on which names of students are placed who submitted plagiarized work.

(12, Normal, Justify text, Line spacing 1.5, Paragraph spacing 6)

Name of Student Signature_____________ Date___________

Name of Supervisor Signature_____________ Date__________

Chapter 1: Introduction (14, Bold, Center aligns)

Introduction should explain overview, historical perspective, problem statement, significance

of the study, hypothesis (for Social Sciences), limitations of the study and objectives. It must

contain citations / references from the relevant literature.


Chapter 2: Review of Literature (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

The concept base analysis of the existing studies in the research area should be the part of this

section. If there are multiple aspects / experiments under the main research topic then each

should be mentioned in separate headings along with review related to the topic of research in

chronological (year-wise) order. Students are directed to make sure that every reference cited

here is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Recent review should be consulted

and expressed in running / story form to avoid plagiarism. This section must form at least 1/3rd

of the total synopsis. All references should be cited as per the following APA style:

1. Using in-text citation in APA

Example:

For single author

One study found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is

familiarity with the topic (Derwing, 2002).

Or

Derwing (2002) found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is

familiarity with the topic.

For two authors


familiarity with the topic (Derwing & Munro, 2002).

Or

Derwing and Munro (2002) found that the most important element in comprehending non-

native speech is familiarity with the topic.

For more than two authors


familiarity with the topic (Derwing, Rossiter & Munro, 2002).

Or

Derwing et al. (2002) found that the most important element in comprehending non-native

speech is familiarity with the topic.

2. Web page with author

Example:

In-text citation

Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping with bullying (Kraiser, 2011).

3. Web page with no author

Example:

In-text citation

The term Nittany Lion was coined by Penn State football player Joe Mason in 1904 (All things

Nittany, 2006).

4. Web page with no date

Example:

In-text citation

Establishing regular routines, such as exercise, can help survivors of disasters recover from

trauma (American Psychological Association [APA], n.d.).

5. General Guidelines

In-text references should immediately follow the title, word, or phrase to which they are

directly relevant, rather than appearing at the end of long clauses or sentences. In-text

references should always precede punctuation marks. Below are examples of using in-text

citation.

Author's name in parentheses



Author's name part of narrative



Group as author

First citation: (American Psychological Association [APA], 2015)

Subsequent citation: (APA, 2015)

Multiple works: (Separate each work with semi-colons)

Research shows that listening to a particular accent improves comprehension of accented

speech in general (Gass & Varonis, 1984; Krech Thomas, 2004).

Direct quote (include page number)

One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the

interpretation of the entire message” (Derwing & Munro, 2002, p. 85).

Derwing and Munro (2002) found that “the listener’s familiarity with the topic of discourse

greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (p. 85).

Note: For direct quotations of more than 40 words, display the quote as an indented block of

text without quotation marks and include the authors’ names, year, and page number in

parentheses at the end of the quote.

Example:

This suggests that familiarity with nonnative speech in general, although it is clearly not as

important a variable as topic familiarity, may indeed have some effect. That is, prior experience

with nonnative speech, such as that gained by listening to the reading, facilitates

comprehension. (Derwing & Munro, 2002, p. 77).


Chapter 3: Materials and Methods (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

This section should explain the proposed place of work and facilities available, plan of work and

methodology adopted, treatments to be studied, parameters/variables to be studied, methods

of data collection, sampling technique and procedure, sample size, validity and reliability test,

research model / framework to be used, layout plan and statistical test to be used depending

upon the nature of research and field of specialization.


Chapter 4: References (14, Bold, Center aligns)

The references should be in alphabetical order as per the APA format. Second and succeeding

lines of each reference should be indented.

How to Cite a Book Citing a book in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Publisher

Example:

Newell, A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. (For one author)

Newell, A., & Simon, H.A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

(For two authors)

Newell, A., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:

Prentice-Hall. (For more than two authors)

Citing an e-book from an e-reader

E-book is short for “electronic book.” It is a digital version of a book that can be read on a

computer.

→Authors name, abbreviated names. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved from

http://xxxx or DOI:xxxx

Example:

Eggers, D. (2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com/

Eggers, D., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from

http://www.amazon.com/

Eggers, D., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from


Citing a book found in a database

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved from


Example:

Eggers, D. (2008). The circle. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8

Eggers, D., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8

Eggers, D., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8

Note: A DOI (digital object identifier) is an assigned number that helps link content to its

location on the Internet. All DOI numbers begin with a 10 and are separated by a slash.

How to cite a Journal Article

Citing a journal article in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Publication Year). Article title. Periodical Title, Volume

(Issue), pp.

Example:

Derwing, T.M. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to foreign-accented speech. Journal of

Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-259.

Derwing, T.M., & Munro, M.J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to foreign-accented

speech. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-259.

Derwing, T.M., Rossiter, M.J., & Munro, M.J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to

foreign-accented speech. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-

259.

Citing online journal article

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Publication Year). Article title. Periodical

Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp. DOI:XX.XXXXX or Retrieved from journal URL

Example:

Jameson, J. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of educational technology

research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-915. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103

Jameson, J., & Simon, H.A. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of

educational technology research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-915.

DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103

Jameson, J., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth

“age” of educational technology research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-

915. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103.

HOW TO CITE A GENERAL WEBSITE ARTICLE

Citing a general website article with an author

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article title. Retrieved

from URL

Example:

Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from

http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/

Simmons, B., & Simon, H.A. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from


Simmons, B., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved

from http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/

Citing a general website article without an author

→Article title. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Retrieved from URL

Example:

Teen posed as doctor at West Palm Beach hospital: police. (2015, January 16). Retrieved from

http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Teen-Posed-as-Doctor-at-West-Palm-Beach-Hospital-

Police-288810831.html

HOW TO CITE A MAGAZINE ARTICLE

Citing a magazine article in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, month of Publication). Article title. Magazine

Title, Volume (Issue), pp.-pp.

Example:

Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.

Tumulty, K., & Simon, H.A. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-

40.

Tumulty, K., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they

go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.

Citing online magazine article

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month of Publication). Article title. Magazine

Title, Volume (Issue), Retrieved from http://xxxx

Example:

Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved from

http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1179361,00.html

Tumulty, K., & Simon, H.A. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15)

Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article /0,9171,1179361,00.html


go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/ article/ 0,9171,

1179361,00.html

HOW TO CITE A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE

Citing a newspaper article in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article

title. Newspaper Title, pp. xx-xx.

Example:

Rosenberg, G. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an effective legal weapon. The

New York Times, p. D5.

Rosenberg, G., & Simon, H.A. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an effective legal

weapon. The New York Times, p. D5.

Rosenberg, G., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an

effective legal weapon. The New York Times, p. D5.

Note: Mention page numbers for newspaper articles with p. (for a single page) or pp. (for

multiple pages).

Citing online newspaper article


title. Newspaper Title, Retrieved from newspaper homepage URL

Example:


New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com


weapon. The New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com


effective legal weapon. The New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

HOW TO REFERENCE AN INTERVIEW

• A personal interview should not be included in a reference list in APA. They are not

considered recoverable data (they cannot be found by a researcher). You should reference

personal interviews as in-text citations instead.

• Example: (J. Doe, personal communication, December 12, 2004)

There is a general structure if you want to cite a personal interview as part of your APA works

cited list:

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month Date). Interview type.

Example:

Marino, B. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.

Marino, B., & Simon, H.A. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.

Marino, B., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.

HOW TO REFERENCE A LECTURE

Citing online lecture notes or presentation slides

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Publication Year). Name or title of lecture [file format].

Retrieved from URL

Example:

Saito, T. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of educational technology

[PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/Bclari25/educational-

technology-ppt

Saito, T., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of educational

technology [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from

http://www.slideshare.net/Bclari25/educational-technology-ppt

Saito, T., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of

educational technology [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from


Note: If you want to cite information from your own personal notes from a lecture as personal

communication and refer to it only in the body of your essay, you can follow the style guide

for personal communication available in the interview section.

HOW TO CITE A TV/RADIO BROADCAST

Citing an episode from TV or radio show

→Writer, A. (Writer), & Director, A. (Director). (Year of Airing). Episode title [Television series

episode]. In Executive Producer, A. (Executive Producer), TV series name. City, State of original

channel: Channel.

Example:

Kang, K. (Writer), & Fryman, P. (Director). (2006). Slap bet [Television series episode]. In Bays,

C. (Executive Producer), How I met your mother. Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Broadcasting

System.

HOW TO REFERENCE AN ENCYCLOPEDIA

Citing an encyclopedia entry in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Publication Year). Entry title. In Encyclopedia title, (Vol.

XX, pp. XX). City, State of publication: Publisher.

Example:

Kammen, C. (2012). Monuments. In Encyclopedia of local history. (pp. 363-364). Lanham, MD:

AltaMira Press.

Kammen, C., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Monuments. In Encyclopedia of local history. (pp. 363-364).

Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.

Kammen, C., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Monuments. In Encyclopedia of local history.

(pp. 363-364). Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.

HOW TO REFERENCE A PHOTOGRAPH

Citing a photograph

→Photographer, A. (Photographer). (Year, Month Date of Publication). Title of

photograph [photograph]. City, State of publication: Publisher/museum.

Example:

Roege, W.J. (Photographer). (1938). St. Patrick’s cathedral, fifth avenue from 50th street to

51st street [photograph]. New York, NY: New-York Historical Society.

Citing a photograph retrieved online


photograph [digital image]. Retrieved from URL

Example:

Ferraro, A. (Photographer). (2014, April 28). Liberty enlightening the world [digital image].

Retrieved from https://www.flickr.com/photos/afer92/14278571753/in/set-72157644 61703

0616


Guidelines for Thesis Writing

(MPhil and PhD Degree Programs)

General Instructions

Margins

1½ inches at the left side and 1 inch at the top, bottom, and right side. New chapters should

start on new pages with the first line indented. After the sub-headings, the first line is also

indented

Text Spacing

Text font size 12 with line spacing 1.5 in Introduction, Review of Literature, Materials and

Methods, Results and Discussion, Summary, Conclusion, Recommendations and Policy

Implications, and References sections with justified right margins. Footnotes, long quotations,

table captions, appendices legend and similar special materials may be single spaced

Type Style

Times New Roman

Font Size

Text font size 12, main headings 14 (bold), sub-headings 12 (bold). Figures size 10 (single

spaced)

Paper Size and Specification

A4 size paper, recommended quality 80-90 g. Use only one side of the page for printing

Length of Thesis

Excluding figures and graphs, the thesis should not be less than 60 pages for MPhil and 120 for

PhD. degree

Page Numbering

Preliminary pages of the thesis (Certificate of approval from the Supervisory Committee,

Student’s Declaration, List of Tables, List of Figures, List of Illustrations, List of Abbreviations,

List of Appendices, Acknowledgement and Abstract) are to be numbered in lower case Roman

numerals (i, ii, iii………) and placed in the middle at the bottom of each page. All items following

the text i.e. Introduction, Review of Literature, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion,

Summary, Conclusion, Recommendations and Policy Implications, References, and Appendices

sections should be numbered consecutively throughout in numeric (arabic) numbers (1, 2,

3……….) beginning with number 1 on the first page of introduction and shown in the middle at

the bottom of each page. Page number should not be shown on dedication and the title page

Thesis Binding

The colours prescribed for MPhil thesis binding is blue and red for PhD. degree

Number of Copies

Seven copies (1 for Student, 1 for Supervisor, 1 for Departmental/Faculty Library, 1 for

Directorate of Academics, 1 for CE, 1 for Central Library and 1 for Office record) are to be

submitted by the student for obtaining degree. PhD. students must submit an additional

hardcopy of thesis in Directorate of Academics for onward submission to HEC.

Reference Style

The approved style for citing reference is “Manual of the American Psychological Association-

APA” (6th edition)

Specific Instructions

Composition of the Thesis

The thesis must be assembled in the following order:

→ Title

Thesis must include title of research, university logo, name of the student (with registration

number), place of work, month and year of submission

→ Certificate of Approval from the Supervisory Committee

Thesis must be signed by the Supervisory Committee

→ Student’s Declaration

This page should contain declaration by the student on originality of the thesis and research

work done. Following the student’s declaration, first page of the plagiarism report (if score is

less than 20%) must be attached along with signature of the student and research supervisor

Basic Components The following components must be attached as part of research thesis:

a. List of Tables

b. List of Figures

c. List of Illustrations

d. List of Abbreviations

e. List of Appendices

f. Acknowledgement

g. Abstract

MAIN COMPONENTS

2. Introduction

1.8 Overview

1.9 Historical perspective



1.12 Hypothesis (for Social Sciences)


1.14 Objectives

4. Review of Literature

Review of literature shows the work done previously in the area of proposed research and is

necessary to plan further research effectively. The information given in the review should be

supported by references. This section must be written in running / story form. Last paragraph

should be the conclusion of overall literature reviewed and its relation to the student’s own

research topic. One half of the literature must be reviewed from the last 05 years

5. Materials and Methods



3.3 Treatments to be studied (if applicable)

3.4 Parameters/variables to be studied (if applicable)

3.5 Methods of data collection (if applicable)

3.6 Sampling technique and procedure (if applicable)

3.7 Sample size (if applicable)

3.8 Validity and reliability test (if applicable)

3.9 Research model / framework to be used (if applicable)

3.10 Layout plan


4. Results and Discussion

This section must be comprised of at least 1/3rd of the total thesis

6. Summary, Conclusion, Recommendations (for all), Policy Implications (for Social Sciences)

This section should be short but comprehensive giving overall reflection of the work done

7. References

The references should be in alphabetical order as per the APA format

8. Appendices

Thesis Format

(MPhil and PhD. Degree Programs) Thesis Title (Font 16, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

By (14, Italic, Center aligns)

Student Name (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

Registration Number <<e.g. 600-dagr-88>> (14, Title Case, Normal, Center aligns)

A thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of <<MPhil or

PhD.>> in <<Degree Program Name>> (14, Normal, Center aligns)

<<DEPARTMENT NAME>>

GOMAL UNIVERSITY

DERA ISMAIL KHAN

PAKISTAN

(16, Bold, UPPER CASE, Center aligns)

Month and Year in which Synopsis is Submitted <<e.g. August 2017 >> (14, Bold, Center

aligns)

Certificate of Approval from the Supervisory Committee

(14, UPPER CASE, Bold, Center aligns)

We, the Departmental Supervisory Committee, hereby certify that the contents and form of

dissertation submitted by <<Student Name>>, <<Degree Program Name>>, <<Department

Name>> were checked and found satisfactory. As per directions of the Higher Education

Commission, the thesis of the student was checked for plagiarism in which <<Plagiarism %>>

similarities were found as per report attached hereto which is within the acceptable range.

Thus, the revised thesis is submitted for notification.

(12, Normal, Justify text)

Supervisory Committee

Name Signature

a) ____________________ Supervisor (from the major field) _______________

b) ____________________ Co-Supervisor (if any) _______________

c) ____________________ Member (from the major field) _______________

d) ____________________ Member (from the minor field) _______________

Forwarded by

_________________________ Chairperson/Director _________________

_________________________ Dean _________________

Dedication (14, Bold, Regular, Center aligns)

List of Contents (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

S. No Description Page No

1. Student’s Declaration……………………………………………. i

2 List of Tables………………………………………………………. ii

3. List of Figures……………………………………………………… iii

4. List of Illustrations………………………………………………. iv

5. List of Abbreviations………………………………………………. v

6. List of Appendices…………………………………………………. vi

7. Acknowledgement…………………………………………………. vii

8. Abstract…………………………………………………………….. viii

Chapter 1: Introduction…………………………………………..

1

1.1 Overview

1.2 Historical perceptive



1.5 Hypothesis


1.7 Objectives

9. Chapter 2: Review of Literature……..………………………...

10. Chapter 3: Materials and Methods……….……………………

11.



3.3 Treatments to be studied

3.4 Parameters/variables to be studied

3.5 Methods of data collection

3.6 Sampling technique and procedure

3.7 Sample size

3.8 Validity and reliability test

3.9 Research model / framework to be used

3.10 Layout plan


12. Chapter 4: Results and Discussion….……………………………

13. Chapter 6: Summary, Conclusion, Recommendations and Policy Implications…………………………………….….………

14. Chapter 7: References…………………………………………….

Student’s Declaration (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

I, <<Student Name>>, do hereby state that my <<MPhil or PhD.>> thesis titled

_____________________________________________________________________________

__________ is my own work and has not been submitted previously by me for taking any

degree from Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan or anywhere else in the country/world.

I understand the zero tolerance policy of the HEC and Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan

towards plagiarism. Therefore I declare that no portion of my thesis has been plagiarized and

any material used as reference is properly cited.

I undertake that if I am found guilty of any formal plagiarism in the above titled thesis even

after award of <<MPhil or PhD.>> degree, the university reserves the rights to

withdraw/revoke my <<MPhil or PhD.>> degree and that HEC has the right to publish my name

on the website on which names of students are placed who submitted plagiarized work.


Name of Student Signature_____________ Date___________

Name of Supervisor Signature_____________ Date__________

List of Tables (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

List of Figures (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

List of Illustrations (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

List of Abbreviations (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

Table No Description Page No

1. Title of the table……………………………………………...................






Figure No Description Page No

1. Title of the figure……………………………………………………………..






Appendix No

Description Page No

1. Title of the illustration.…………………………………………………….






List of Appendices (14, Bold, Title Case, Center aligns)

Acknowledgement (16, Bold, Center aligns)

In acknowledgement, credit should be given to individuals who have contributed to the

research or to the thesis preparation, funding agency of research and the institute that

facilitated the research work. It must not exceed from one printed page.


Research Title (16, Bold, Center aligns)

Abstract (14, Bold, Center aligns)

The abstract should briefly explain the purpose of research, methodology adopted, results

obtained, final conclusion and recommendations. The abstract should not be less than 200-300

words for MPhil (in a single paragraph) and PhD. (in multi-paragraphs depending upon the

magnitude of research work).

(12, Normal, Justify text, Line spacing 1, Paragraph spacing 6)

Chapter 1: Introduction (14, Bold, Center aligns)

Introduction should explain overview, historical perspective, problem statement, significance

of the study, hypothesis (for Social Sciences), limitations of the study and objectives. It must

contain citations / references from the relevant literature.


Chapter 2: Review of Literature (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

The concept base analysis of the existing studies in the research area should be the part of this

section. If there are multiple aspects / experiments under the main research topic then each

should be mentioned in separate headings along with review related to the topic of research in

chronological (year-wise) order. Students are directed to make sure that every reference cited

here is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Recent review should be consulted

and expressed in running / story form to avoid plagiarism. All references must be cited as per

the following APA style:

6. Using in-text citation in APA

Appendix No

Description Page No

1. Title of the appendix.………………………………………………………






Example:

For single author


familiarity with the topic (Derwing, 2002).

Or

Derwing (2002) found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is

familiarity with the topic.

For two authors



Or



For more than two authors


familiarity with the topic (Derwing, Rossiter & Munro, 2002).

Or

Derwing et al. (2002) found that the most important element in comprehending non-native

speech is familiarity with the topic.

7. Web page with author

Example: In-text citation

Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping with bullying (Kraiser, 2011).

8. Web page with no author


The term Nittany Lion was coined by Penn State football player Joe Mason in 1904 (All

things Nittany, 2006).

9. Web page with no date


Establishing regular routines, such as exercise, can help survivors of disasters recover from

trauma (American Psychological Association [APA], n.d.).

10. General Guidelines

In-text references should immediately follow the title, word, or phrase to which they are

directly relevant, rather than appearing at the end of long clauses or sentences. In-text

references should always precede punctuation marks. Below are examples of using in-text

citation.

Author's name in parentheses



Author's name part of narrative



Group as author

First citation: (American Psychological Association [APA], 2015)

Subsequent citation: (APA, 2015)

Multiple works: (Separate each work with semi-colons)

Research shows that listening to a particular accent improves comprehension of accented

speech in general (Gass & Varonis, 1984; Krech Thomas, 2004).

Direct quote (include page number)

One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the

interpretation of the entire message” (Derwing & Munro, 2002, p. 85).

Derwing and Munro (2002) found that “the listener’s familiarity with the topic of discourse

greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (p. 85).

Note: For direct quotations of more than 40 words, display the quote as an indented block of

text without quotation marks and include the authors’ names, year, and page number in

parentheses at the end of the quote.

Example:

This suggests that familiarity with nonnative speech in general, although it is clearly not as

important a variable as topic familiarity, may indeed have some effect. That is, prior experience

with nonnative speech, such as that gained by listening to the reading, facilitates

comprehension. (Derwing & Munro, 2002, p. 77).


Chapter 3: Materials and Methods (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

This section should explain the proposed place of work and facilities available, plan of work and

methodology adopted, treatments to be studied, parameters/variables to be studied, methods

of data collection, sampling technique and procedure, sample size, validity and reliability test,

research model / framework to be used, layout plan and statistical test to be used depending

upon the nature of research and field of specialization.


Chapter 4: Results and Discussion (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

This is the main and an important part of the manuscript containing description of

experimental observations. Representative data, therefore, should appear in a clear, concise,

and logical form. The emphasis should be on precise description of the phenomenon observed

as well as collection of data. In this section, the students must interpret data in relation to the

original objectives. They also need to explain the principles, relationships, and generalizations

that can be supported by the results, explain how the results relate to previous findings,

whether in support, contradiction, or simply as added data. The reasoning done must be

accurate and in accordance with a recognized method of logic. This section must be comprised

of at least 1/3rd of the total thesis.


Chapter 6: Summary, Conclusion, Recommendations (for all) and Policy Implications (for

Social Sciences) (14, Title Case, Bold, Center aligns)

Text size (12, Normal, Justify text, Line spacing 1.5, Paragraph spacing 6)

Chapter 7: References (14, Bold, Center aligns)

The references should be in alphabetical order as per the APA format. Second and succeeding

lines of each reference should be indented.

HOW TO CITE A BOOK

Citing a book in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Publisher

Example:

Newell, A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. (For one author)

Newell, A., & Simon, H.A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

(For two authors)

Newell, A., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:

Prentice-Hall. (For more than two authors)

Citing an e-book from an e-reader

E-book is short for “electronic book.” It is a digital version of a book that can be read on a

computer.

→Authors name, abbreviated names. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved from


Example:

Eggers, D.(2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from http://www.amazon. com/

Eggers, D., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from


Eggers, D., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from


Citing a book found in a database

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved from


Example:

Eggers, D. (2008). The circle. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8

Eggers, D., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8

Eggers, D., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2008). The circle. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8

Note: A DOI (digital object identifier) is an assigned number that helps link content to its

location on the Internet. All DOI numbers begin with a 10 and are separated by a slash.

How to cite a Journal Article

Citing a journal article in print


(Issue), pp.

Example:

Derwing, T.M. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to foreign-accented speech. Journal of

Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-259.

Derwing, T.M., & Munro, M.J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to foreign-accented

speech. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-259.

Derwing, T.M., Rossiter, M.J., & Munro, M.J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to

foreign-accented speech. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-

259.

Citing online journal article


(Issue), pp.-pp. DOI:XX.XXXXX or Retrieved from journal URL

Example:

Jameson, J. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of educational technology

research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-915. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103

Jameson, J., & Simon, H.A. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of

educational technology research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-915.

DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103

Jameson, J., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth

“age” of educational technology research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-

915. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103

HOW TO CITE A GENERAL WEBSITE ARTICLE

Citing a general website article with an author

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article title. Retrieved

from URL

Example:

Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from


Simmons, B., & Simon, H.A. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from


Simmons, B., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved

from http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/

Citing a general website article without an author

→Article title. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Retrieved from URL

Example:

Teen posed as doctor at West Palm Beach hospital: police. (2015, January 16). Retrieved from

http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Teen-Posed-as-Doctor-at-West-Palm-Beach-Hospital-

Police-288810831.html

HOW TO CITE A MAGAZINE ARTICLE

Citing a magazine article in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, month of Publication). Article title. Magazine

Title, Volume (Issue), pp.-pp.

Example:

Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.

Tumulty, K., & Simon, H.A. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-

40.


go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.

Citing online magazine article

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month of Publication). Article title. Magazine

Title, Volume (Issue), Retrieved from http://xxxx

Example:

Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved from

http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1179361,00.html

Tumulty, K., & Simon, H.A. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15)

Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article /0,9171,1179361,00.html


go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/ article/ 0,9171,

1179361 ,00.html

HOW TO CITE A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE

Citing a newspaper article in print


title. Newspaper Title, pp. xx-xx.

Example:


New York Times, p. D5.


weapon. The New York Times, p. D5.


effective legal weapon. The New York Times, p. D5.

Note: Mention page numbers for newspaper articles with p. (for a single page) or pp. (for

multiple pages).

Citing online newspaper article


title. Newspaper Title, Retrieved from newspaper homepage URL

Example:


New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com


weapon. The New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com


effective legal weapon. The New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

HOW TO REFERENCE AN INTERVIEW

• A personal interview should not be included in a reference list in APA. They are not

considered recoverable data (they cannot be found by a researcher). You should reference

personal interviews as in-text citations instead.

• Example: (J. Doe, personal communication, December 12, 2004)

There is a general structure if you want to cite a personal interview as part of your APA

works cited list:

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Year, Month Date). Interview type.

Example:

Marino, B. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.

Marino, B., & Simon, H.A. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.

Marino, B., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.

HOW TO REFERENCE A LECTURE

Citing online lecture notes or presentation slides

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Publication Year). Name or title of lecture [file format].

Retrieved from URL

Example:

Saito, T. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of educational technology

[Powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/Bclari25/educational-

technology-ppt

Saito, T., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of educational

technology [Powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from


Saito, T., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of

educational technology [Powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from


Note: If you want to cite information from your own personal notes from a lecture as personal

communication and refer to it only in the body of your essay, you can follow the style guide

for personal communication available in the interview section.

HOW TO CITE A TV/RADIO BROADCAST

Citing an episode from TV or radio show

→Writer, A. (Writer), & Director, A. (Director). (Year of Airing). Episode title [Television series

episode]. In Executive Producer, A. (Executive Producer), TV series name. City, State of original

channel: Channel.

Example:

Kang, K. (Writer), & Fryman, P. (Director). (2006). Slap bet [Television series episode]. In Bays,

C. (Executive Producer), How I met your mother. Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Broadcasting

System.

HOW TO REFERENCE AN ENCYCLOPEDIA

Citing an encyclopedia entry in print

→Author’s name, abbreviated name. (Publication Year). Entry title. In Encyclopedia title, (Vol.

XX, pp. XX). City, State of publication: Publisher.

Example:

Kammen, C. (2012). Monuments. In Encyclopedia of local history. (pp. 363-364). Lanham, MD:

AltaMira Press.

Kammen, C., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Monuments. In Encyclopedia of local history. (pp. 363-364).

Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.

Kammen, C., Rossiter, M.J., & Simon, H.A. (2012). Monuments. In Encyclopedia of local history.

(pp. 363-364). Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.

HOW TO REFERENCE A PHOTOGRAPH

Citing a photograph


photograph [photograph]. City, State of publication: Publisher/museum.

Example:

Roege, W.J. (Photographer). (1938). St. Patrick’s cathedral, fifth avenue from 50th street to

51st street [photograph]. New York, NY: New-York Historical Society.

Citing a photograph retrieved online


photograph [digital image]. Retrieved from URL

Example:

Ferraro, A. (Photographer). (2014, April 28). Liberty enlightening the world [digital image].

Retrieved from https://www.flickr.com/photos/afer92/14278571753/in/set-72157644 61703

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Appendices (14, Bold, Center aligns)

Documents

DIRECTORATE OF ACADEMICS GOMAL UNIVERSITY, DERA … University... · 2 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ayaz Khan Dean Faculty of Agriculture 3 Prof. Dr. Umar Ali Khan Acting Dean Faculty of Arts