Diferendo Marítimo Fallo completo Ingles.doc

8/13/2019 Diferendo Martimo Fallo completo Ingles.doc

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27 JANUARY 2014 JUDGMENT

MARITIME DISPUTE (PERU v. CHILE)

DIFFREND MARITIME (PROU c. CHILI)

27 JANVIER 2014 ARRT


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraphs

CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROCEDURE

1-15

I. GEOGRAPHY16

II. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

17-21

III. POSITIONS OF THE PARTIES 22-23

IV. WHETHER THERE IS AN AGREED MARITIME BOUNDARY 2-151

1. T!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, % C!+'" (,/ P"$0 25-

2. T!" 1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%, 5-7

3. T!" ($+%0 1#5 A$"")",* 71-#5

A. T!" C%)4'")",*($ C%,",*+%, *% *!" 1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%, 7-77

B. T!" A$"")",* $"'(*+, *% M"(0$" % S04"$++%, (,/ C%,*$%' % *!" M($+*+)" %," %*!" S+,(*%$ C%0,*$+" 7-7#

C. T!" A$"")",* $"'(*+, *% ( S4"&+(' M($+*+)" F$%,*+"$ %," -#5

. T!" 1#6-1#6# '+!*!%0" ($$(,")",* #6-##

5. T!" ,(*0$" % *!" ($""/ )($+*+)" 8%0,/($ 1-12

6. T!" "9*",* % *!" ($""/ )($+*+)" 8%0,/($ 13-151

A. F+!+, 4%*",*+(' (,/ (&*++* 1-111

B. C%,*")4%$(,"%0 /""'%4)",* +, *!" '(: % *!" "( 112-11

C. L"+'(*+" 4$(&*+&" 11#-122

D. T!" 1#55 P$%*%&%' % A&&"+%, 123-125

E. E,%$&")",* (&*++*+" 126-12#

F. T!" 1#6-1#6# '+!*!%0" ($$(,")",* 13

G. N"%*+(*+%, :+*! B%'++( ;1#75-1#76< 131-133

H. P%+*+%, % *!" P($*+" (* *!" T!+$/ U,+*"/ N(*+%, C%,"$",&" %, *!" L(: % *!" S"( 13-135

I. T!" 1#6 B=>0'( M")%$(,/0) 136-12?. P$(&*+&" (*"$ 1#6 13-1

K. T!" "9*",* % *!" ($""/ )($+*+)" 8%0,/($@ &%,&'0+%, 1#-151

V. THE STARTING-POINT OF THE AGREED MARITIME BOUNDARY152-176

VI. THE COURSE OF THE MARITIME BOUNDARY FROM POINT A

177-1#5

VII. CONCLUSION 1#6-1#7 OPERATIVE CLAUSE

1#


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INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

YEAR 20142014 27 J!"#!$% G&"&$!' L* N+. 1,7

27 J!"#!$% 2014

MARITIME DISPUTE

(PERU v. CHILE)

Geography Historical background 1929 Treaty of Lima between Chile and Peru 19! Proclamations of Chile and Peru Twel"e instruments negotiated by Chile# $cuador andPeru%

&o international maritime boundary established by 19! Proclamations &o sharedunderstanding of the Parties concerning maritime delimitation &ecessity of establishing the

lateral limits of their maritime 'ones in the future%

19(2 )antiago *eclaration is an international treaty +ules of interpretation &o e,pressreference to delimitation of maritime boundaries Certain elements rele"ant howe"er to maritimedelimitation -rdinary meaning of paragraph ./ 0aritime 'ones of island territories )copeof 19(2 )antiago *eclaration restricted to agreement on limits between certain insular maritime

'ones and 'ones generated by continental coasts -bect and purpose )upplementary means ofinterpretation confirm that no general maritime delimitation was effected by 19(2 )antiago

*eclaration )uggestion of e,istence of some sort of a shared understanding of a more generalnature concerning maritime boundaries 19(2 )antiago *eclaration did not establish a lateralmaritime boundary between Chile and Peru along the parallel%


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19( greements Complementary Con"ention to 19(2 )antiago *eclaration Primary purposeto assert signatory )tates3 claims to so"ereignty and urisdiction made in 19(2 greement relating to

0easures of )uper"ision and Control of 0aritime 4ones &o indication as to location or nature ofmaritime boundaries )pecial 0aritime 5rontier 4one greement &ot limited to the $cuador6Perumaritime boundary *elay in ratification without bearing on scope and effect of greement

cknowledgment of e,istence of an agreed maritime boundary Tacit agreement Tacit agreement

cemented by 19( )pecial 0aritime 5rontier 4one greement &o indication of nature and e,tent ofmaritime boundary 197 8a'n -pinion Conclusion of the Court as to the e,istence of an agreedmaritime boundary not altered%

197:61979 lighthouse arrangements Limited purpose and geographical scope &o reference to apre6e,istent delimitation agreement rrangements based on presumed e,istence of a maritime boundarye,tending along parallel beyond 12 nautical miles &o indication of e,tent and nature of maritimeboundary%

&ature of agreed maritime boundary ll6purpose maritime boundary%

$,tent of agreed maritime boundary ssessment of rele"ant practice of the Parties pre619( 5ishing potential and acti"ity )pecies taken in the early 19(;s were generally to be found within a rangeof 7; nautical miles from the coast -rientation of the coast Location of main ports in the region

4one of tolerance along the parallel for small fishing boats Principal fishing acti"ity carried out bysmall boats 5isheries acti"ity# in itself# not determinati"e of e,tent of the boundary Parties howe"erunlikely to ha"e considered the agreed maritime boundary to e,tend to 2;;6nautical6mile limit Contemporaneous de"elopments in the law of the sea )tate practice


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)tarting6point of the agreed maritime boundary 1929 Treaty of Lima The Court not asked todetermine location of starting6point of land boundary identified as AConcordiaB 8oundary 0arker &o%1 197:61979 lighthouse arrangements ser"e as compelling e"idence that the agreed maritime boundary

follows the parallel that passes through 8oundary 0arker &o% 1 Point Concordia may not coincide withstarting6point of maritime boundary )tarting6point of maritime boundary identified as the intersection ofthe parallel of latitude passing through 8oundary 0arker &o% 1 with the low6water line%

*elimitation to be effected beginning at endpoint of agreed maritime boundary =Point > 0ethodof delimitation Three6stage procedure%

5irst stage Construction of a pro"isional e@uidistance line starting at Point *etermination ofbase points Pro"isional e@uidistance line runs until intersection with the 2;;6nautical6mile limitmeasured from Chilean baselines =Point 8>%

Peru3s second final submission moot &o need for the Court to rule thereon%

)econd stage +ele"ant circumstances calling for an adustment of the pro"isional e@uidistanceline &o basis for adusting the pro"isional e@uidistance line%

Third stage *isproportionality test Calculation does not purport to be precise &o e"idence ofsignificant disproportion calling into @uestion e@uitable nature of pro"isional e@uidistance line%

Course of the maritime boundary Geographical co6ordinates to be determined by the Parties inaccordance with the udgment%

JUDGMENT

PresentD President TOMKA /ice6President SEPLVEDA-AMOR udges OWADA ABRAHAM KEITHBENNOUNA SKOTNIKOV CANADO TRINDADE YUSUF UE DONOGHUE GA?A SEBUTINDEBHANDARIudges (/ !%& GUILLAUME ORREGO VICUA+egistrar COUVREUR.

Course o

f

the maritim

e

boundary fro

m

Point 8 8oundary

run

s

alon

g

t

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M$. M%*%!+$% M("/( S%'+&+*%$ (/)+**"/ +, E,'(,/ (,/ W('" F$"!+"'/ B$0&>!(0 D"$+,"$LLP

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H/$%$(4!+& O+&" M$. D+&> G",* M($+," D"'+)+*(*+%, L*/. ( T"&!,+&(' A/+"$

THE COURT &%)4%"/ ( (8%" (*"$ /"'+8"$(*+%,

deli"ers the following udgmentD

1. O, 16 ?(,0($ 2 *!" R"408'+& % P"$0 ;!"$"+,(*"$ P"$0< +'"/ +, *!" R"+*$ % *!" C%0$* (,A44'+&(*+%, +,*+*0*+, 4$%&""/+, ((+,* *!" R"408'+& % C!+'" ;!"$"+,(*"$ C!+'"< +, $"4"&* % (/+40*" &%,&"$,+, %, *!" %," !(,/ *!" /"'+)+*(*+%, % *!" 8%0,/($ 8"*:"", *!")($+*+)" %," % *!" *:% S*(*" +, *!" P(&++& O&"(, 8"+,,+, (* ( 4%+,* %, *!" &%(* &(''"/


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(&"$*(+,"/ *!" +": % *!" P($*+" 40$0(,* *% *!(* ()" 4$%++%, *!" C%0$* /"&+/"/ *% $(,* "(&! %*!"" $"Q0"*. T!" R"+*$($ /0' &%))0,+&(*"/ *!"" /"&++%, *% *!" (+/ G%"$,)",* (,/ *% *!"P($*+".

1. I, (&&%$/(,&" :+*! A$*+&'" 53 4($($(4! 2 % *!" R0'" % C%0$* *!" C%0$* (*"$ !(+,

(&"$*(+,"/ *!" +": % *!" P($*+" /"&+/"/ *!(* &%4+" % *!" 4'"(/+, (,/ /%&0)",* (,,"9"/ :%0'/ 8")(/" (&&"+8'" *% *!" 408'+& %, *!" %4",+, % *!" %$(' 4$%&""/+,.

11. P08'+& !"($+, :"$" !"'/ 8"*:"", 3 (,/ 1 D"&")8"$ 212 (* :!+&! *!" C%0$* !"($/ *!" %$('($0)",* (,/ $"4'+" %@

F%$ P"$0@ H.E. M$. A''(, W(,"$

M$. A'(+, P"''"*

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M$. ?()" C$(:%$/

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M$. S()0"' W%$/:%$*!.

12. A* *!" !"($+, ( M")8"$ % *!" C%0$* 40* ( Q0"*+%, *% *!" P($*+" *% :!+&! $"4'+" :"$" +",%$('' +, (&&%$/(,&" :+*! A$*+&'" 61 4($($(4! % *!" R0'" % C%0$*.

13. I, +* A44'+&(*+%, *!" %''%:+, $"Q0"* :"$" )(/" 8 P"$0@

P"$0 $"Q0"* *!" C%0$* *% /"*"$)+," *!" &%0$" % *!" 8%0,/($ 8"*:"", *!"

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T!" G%"$,)",* % P"$0 0$*!"$ $""$" +* $+!* *% 044'")",* ()",/ %$

)%/+ *!" 4$"",* A44'+&(*+%, +, *!" &%0$" % *!" 4$%&""/+,.

1. I, *!" :$+**", 4$%&""/+, *!" %''%:+, 08)++%, :"$" 4$"",*"/ 8 *!" P($*+"@

-n behalf of the Go"ernment of Peru

+, *!" M")%$+(' (,/ +, *!" R"4'@

F%$ *!" $"(%, "* %0* X+, P"$0 M")%$+(' (,/ R"4' *!" R"408'+& % P"$0$"Q0"* *!" C%0$* *% (/0/" (,/ /"&'($" *!(*@

;1< T!" /"'+)+*(*+%, 8"*:"", *!" $"4"&*+" )($+*+)" %," 8"*:"", *!" R"408'+& %P"$0 (,/ *!" R"408'+& % C!+'" + ( '+," *($*+, (* ZP%+,* C%,&%$/+( ;/"+,"/ (*!" +,*"$"&*+%, :+*! *!" '%:-:(*"$ )($> % ( 1->+'%)"*$" $(/+0 ($& !(+, ( +* &",*$" *!" +$* 8$+/"%"$ *!" R+"$ L'0*( % *!" A$+&(-L( P( $(+':(< (,/ "Q0+/+*(,* $%) *!" 8("'+," % 8%*! P($*+" 04 *% (

4%+,* +*0(*"/ (* ( /+*(,&" % 2 ,(0*+&(' )+'" $%) *!%" 8("'+," (,/

;2< B"%,/ *!" 4%+,* :!"$" *!" &%))%, )($+*+)" 8%$/"$ ",/ P"$0 + ",*+*'"/ *% "9"$&+" "9&'0+" %"$"+,$+!* %"$ ( )($+*+)" ($"( '+, %0* *% ( /+*(,&" % 2 ,(0*+&(' )+'" $%) +* 8("'+,".

T!" R"408'+& % P"$0 $""$" +* $+!* *% ()",/ *!"" 08)++%, ( *!" &(")( 8" +, *!" &%0$" % *!" 4$"",* 4$%&""/+,.


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-n behalf of the Go"ernment of Chile

+, *!" C%0,*"$-M")%$+(' (,/ +, *!" R"%+,/"$@

C!+'" $"4"&*0'' $"Q0"* *!" C%0$* *%@

=a> /+)+ P"$0 &'(+) +, *!"+$ ",*+$"*=b> (/0/" (,/ /"&'($" *!(*@;+< *!" $"4"&*+" )($+*+)" %," ",*+*'")",* % C!+'" (,/ P"$0 !(" 8"", 0'' /"'+)+*"/ 8 ($"")",*

;++< *!%" )($+*+)" %," ",*+*'")",* ($" /"'+)+*"/ 8 ( 8%0,/($ %''%:+, *!" 4($(''"' % '(*+*0/" 4(+,*!$%0! *!" )%* "(:($/ 8%0,/($ )($>"$ % *!" '(,/ 8%0,/($ 8"*:"", C!+'" (,/ P"$0 >,%:, ( H+*%N%. 1 !(+, ( '(*+*0/" % 1[ 21\ ] S 0,/"$ WGS D(*0) (,/

;+++< P"$0 !( ,% ",*+*'")",* *% (, )($+*+)" %," "9*",/+, *% *!" %0*! % *!(*4($(''"'.

15. A* *!" %$(' 4$%&""/+, *!" P($*+" 4$"",*"/ *!" ()" 08)++%, ( *!%" &%,*(+,"/ +, *!"+$:$+**", 4'"(/+,.

I. GEOGRAPHY

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II. HISTORICAL -ACGROUND

17. C!+'" (+,"/ +* +,/"4",/",&" $%) S4(+, +, 11 (,/ P"$0 /+/ % +, 121. A* *!" *+)" %+,/"4",/",&" P"$0 (,/ C!+'" :"$" ,%* ,"+!8%0$+, S*(*". S+*0(*"/ 8"*:"", *!" *:% &%0,*$+" :( *!"S4(,+! &%'%,+(' *"$$+*%$ % C!($&( :!+&! ( $%) 125 8"&()" *!" R"408'+& % B%'++(. I, 17# C!+'"/"&'($"/ :($ %, P"$0 (,/ B%'++( +, :!(* + >,%:, !+*%$+&('' ( *!" W($ % *!" P(&++&. I, 13

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

1. C!+'" (,/ P"$0 (+'"/ *% ($"" %, *!" *"$) % *!" (8%"-)",*+%,"/ 4'"8+&+*". F+,('' %, 3 ?0,"1#2# %''%:+, )"/+(*+%, (**")4* 8 *!" P$"+/",* % *!" U,+*"/ S*(*" % A)"$+&( *!" *:% &%0,*$+"+,"/ *!" T$"(* %$ *!" S"**'")",* % *!" D+40*" $"($/+, T(&,( (,/ A$+&( ;!"$"+,(*"$ *!" 1#2# T$"(*% L+)(< (,/ +* A//+*+%,(' P$%*%&%' :!"$"8 *!" ($""/ *!(* T(&,( :%0'/ 8" $"*0$,"/ *% P"$0 :!+'"

C!+'" :%0'/ $"*(+, A$+&(. T!" 1#2# T$"(* % L+)( ('% +9"/ *!" '(,/ 8%0,/($ 8"*:"", *!" *:% &%0,*$+".U,/"$ A$*+&'" 3 % *!(* T$"(* *!" P($*+" ($""/ *!(* ( M+9"/ C%))++%, % L+)+* !%0'/ 8" &%,*+*0*"/+, %$/"$ *% /"*"$)+," (,/ )($> *!" ($""/ 8%0,/($ 0+, ( "$+" % )($>"$ ;!+*% +, S4(,+! V%'. 1644. 31 315 323 (,/ 331 R"+*$(*+%, N%. I-1756 *% I-175#


17/70

% +,*$0)",* % $(*++&(*+%,. W+*! $"($/ *% *!" *:% 1#67 ($"")",* *!" S"&$"*($+(* :( +,%$)"/ +,1#76 *!(* *!" +,(*%$ S*(*" !(/ ($""/ ,%* *% +,+* 04%, *!" $"+*$(*+%, % *!"" +,*$0)",* ( *!"$"'(*"/ *% )(**"$ % 40$"' +,*"$,(' %$(,+(*+%,.

R"4$"",*(*+" % *!" *!$"" S*(*" ('% +,"/ +, 1#55 (,/ '(*"$ $(*++"/ *!" A$"")",* %$ *!" R"0'(*+%,% P"$)+* %$ *!" E94'%+*(*+%, % *!" R"%0$&" % *!" S%0*! P(&++&. T!(* *$"(* :( ,%* !%:""$

08)+**"/ *% *!" U,+*"/ N(*+%, %$ $"+*$(*+%, ('%, :+*! *!" %*!"$ *:"'" +,*$0)",* +, 1#73 %$ (* (,%*!"$ *+)".

III. POSITIONS OF THE PARTIES

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

'+," &'(+)"/ 8 P"$0 (,/ C!+'" $"4"&*+"'.< P"$0 ('% ($0" *!(* 8"%,/ *!" 4%+,* :!"$" *!" &%))%,)($+*+)" 8%0,/($ ",/ +* + ",*+*'"/ *% "9"$&+" "9&'0+" %"$"+, $+!* %"$ ( )($+*+)" ($"( '+, %0**% ( /+*(,&" % 2 ,(0*+&(' )+'" $%) +* 8("'+,". ;T!+ )($+*+)" ($"( + /"4+&*"/ %, >"*&!-)(4 N%. 2+, ( /($>"$ !(/" % 8'0".< C!+'" $"4%,/ *!(* P"$0 !( ,% ",*+*'")",* *% (, )($+*+)" %," "9*",/+, *%*!" %0*! % *!" 4($(''"' % '(*+*0/" ('%, :!+&! ( C!+'" )(+,*(+, *!" +,*"$,(*+%,(' )($+*+)" 8%0,/($$0,.

23. C!+'" &%,*",/ *!(* *!" 4$+,&+4'" % 4(&*( 0,* "$(,/( (,/ *!" 4$+,&+4'" % *(8+'+* % 8%0,/($+"4$"",* (, (**")4* *% +,+*" *!" C%0$* *% $"/$(: ( 8%0,/($ *!(* !( ('$"(/ 8"", ($""/. C!+'" (// *!(**!"$" !(" 8"", +,++&(,* 8","+* *% 8%*! P($*+" ( ( $"0'* % *!" *(8+'+* % *!"+$ '%,-*(,/+,)($+*+)" 8%0,/($. P"$0 ($0" *!(* *!" /"'+)+*(*+%, '+," (/%&(*"/ 8 C!+'" + *%*('' +,"Q0+*(8'" ( +*

(&&%$/ C!+'" ( 0'' 2-,(0*+&('-)+'" )($+*+)" "9*",+%, :!"$"( P"$0 +, &%,*$(* 0"$ ( ""$" &0*-% ""&*. P"$0 *(*" *!(* +* + "9*$(%$/+,($ %$ C!+'" *% ""> *% &!($(&*"$+" ( 8%0,/($ '+," :!+&!(&&%$/ C!+'" )%$" *!(, *:+&" ( )0&! )($+*+)" ($"( ( +* :%0'/ P"$0 ( ( *(8'" $%,*+"$ :!+&! +8","+&+(' *% P"$0.


18/70


19/70

IV. /HETHER THERE IS AN AGREED MARITIME -OUNDARY

2. I, %$/"$ *% "**'" *!" /+40*" 8"%$" +* *!" C%0$* )0* +$* (&"$*(+, :!"*!"$ (, ($""/ )($+*+)"8%0,/($ "9+* ( C!+'" &'(+). I, (//$"+, *!+ Q0"*+%, *!" P($*+" &%,+/"$"/ *!" +,++&(,&" % *!"1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, *!" 1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%, (,/ ($+%0 ($"")",* &%,&'0/"/ +, 1#52 (,/ 1#5.T!" ('% $""$$"/ *% *!" 4$(&*+&" % *!" P($*+" 08"Q0",* *% *!" 1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%,. T!" C%0$*

:+'' /"(' :+*! "(&! % *!"" )(**"$ +, *0$,.

1. T& 147 P$+c'!!*+" +3 C'& !" P&$#

25. A ,%*"/ (8%" ;"" 4($($(4! 1#


20/70

31. C!+'" 0$*!"$ ($0" *!(* *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, "* &'"($ 8%0,/($+" % *!" )($+*+)" %,"$""$$"/ *% *!"$"+,. C!+'" &%,*",/ *!(* *!" )"*!%/ +, P"$0 1#7 D"&$"" % 0+, ( "%$(4!+&(' 4($(''"'*% )"(0$" *!" %0*:($/ '+)+* % *!" )($+*+)" %," ('% ,"&"($+' /"*"$)+," *!" ,%$*!"$, (,/ %0*!"$,'(*"$(' '+)+* % 0&! %," ('%, 0&! '+," % "%$(4!+&(' 4($(''"'. A&&%$/+, *% C!+'" +* %:, $""$",&"*% ( 4"$+)"*"$ (,/ *% *!" )(*!")(*+&(' 4($(''"' +, +* 1#7 D"&'($(*+%, &%0'/ 8" +)+'($' 0,/"$*%%/ (+,/+&(*+, *!(* ( *$(& 4($(''^'" )"*!%/ :( 0"/ *% +,/+&(*" *!" 4"$+)"*"$ % *!" &'(+)"/ C!+'"(, %,".

32. C!+'" (// *!(* 4($(''"' % '(*+*0/" :"$" ('% 0"/ +, *!" 4$(&*+&" % A)"$+&(, S*(*". P"$0$"4%,/ *!(* *!" 0" % 4($(''"' % '(*+*0/" 8 %*!"$ A)"$+&(, S*(*" /"&$+8"/ 8 C!+'" ($" ,%* +,*(,&"% *!" 0" % 4($(''"' % '(*+*0/" ( +,*"$,(*+%,(' )($+*+)" 8%0,/($+".

33. F%$ C!+'" *!" 4$+)($ +,++&(,&" % *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, + ( (,*"&"/",* *% *!" 1#52S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%,. C!+'" ('% $""$ *% *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, ( &+$&0)*(,&" % *!" &%,&'0+%, % *!"1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%, (,/ *!" 1#5 S4"&+(' M($+*+)" F$%,*+"$ %," A$"")",* +, (&&%$/(,&" :+*!A$*+&'" 32 % *!" V+",,( C%,",*+%, %, *!" L(: % T$"(*+". C!+'" )(+,*(+, *!(* *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%,+, 4($*+&0'($ P"$0 0" % ( '+," % *!" "%$(4!+& 4($(''"' *% )"(0$" +* )($+*+)" 4$%"&*+%, $",/"$"/

*!" 8%0,/($ /"'+)+*(*+%, 0,&%,*$%"$+(' +, 1#52 ( *!"$" &%0'/ 8" ,% '" &%,*$%"$+(' 8%0,/($/"'+)+*(*+%, *!(, :!", *!" &'(+)"/ )($+*+)" %," % *:% (/(&",* S*(*" (80* 4"$"&*' 80* /% ,%* %"$'(4.H%:""$ C!+'" 0$*!"$ &'($++" *!(* +* /%" ,%* &%,+/"$ *!(* *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, *!")"'""*(8'+!"/ ( )($+*+)" 8%0,/($ 8"*:"", *!" P($*+".

3. P"$0 Q0"*+%, *!" C!+'"(, &'(+) *!(* *!" (/(&",* )($+*+)" %," (80* 4"$"&*' 8 4%+,*+, %0**!(* *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, /% ,%* *+40'(*" &%-%$/+,(*" %$ $""$ *% +,*"$,(*+%,(' 8%0,/($+". P"$0 +":%, *!" &%,,"&*+%, 8"*:"", *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, (,/ *!" 1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%, + *!(* *!" 1#7P$%&'()(*+%, &(,,%* &%,*+*0*" &+$&0)*(,&" % *!" 1#52 S(,*+(%

D"&'($(*+%, &%,&'0+%, +, *!" "," % A$*+&'" 32 % *!" V+",,( C%,",*+%, %, *!" L(: % T$"(*+" (*!" 4$"-/(*" *!" &%,&'0+%, % *!" 1#52 S(,*+(% D"&'($(*+%, 8 +" "($. P"$0 ('% Q0"*+%, C!+'"("$*+%, *!(* *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, &%,*+*0*" &+$&0)*(,&" % *!" &%,&'0+%, % *!" 1#5 S4"&+('M($+*+)" F$%,*+"$ %," A$"")",*.

35. T!" P($*+" 0$*!"$ /+($"" %, *!" '"(' ,(*0$" % *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, 4($*+&0'($' C!+'"1#7 D"&'($(*+%,. C!+'" &%,*",/ *!(* *!" 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, "(&! !(/ +))"/+(*" ""&* :+*!%0* *!" ,""/%$ 0$*!"$ %$)('+* %$ ",(&*+, '"+'(*+%,. P"$0 /",+" *!+ &%,*",/+, $(*!"$ *!(* C!+'" 1#7D"&'($(*+%, /+/ ,%* !(" *!" ,(*0$" % ( '"(' (&*. I* 4%+,* *% *!" (&* *!(* *!" 1#7 D"&'($(*+%, :(408'+!"/ %,' +, ( /(+' ,":4(4"$ (,/ ,%* +, *!" O+&+(' G("**" % C!+'".

36. C!+'" $"4%," *% *!"" ($0)",* + *!(* *!" *(*0 % +* 1#7 D"&'($(*+%, 0,/"$ /%)"*+& '(: +,%* /"*"$)+,(*+" % +* *(*0 0,/"$ +,*"$,(*+%,(' '(: ")4!(++, *!(* +* :( (, +,*"$,(*+%,(' &'(+) )(/"8 *!" P$"+/",* % C!+'" (,/ (//$""/ *% *!" +,*"$,(*+%,(' &%))0,+*. C!+'" 4%+,* %0* *!(* *!" P($*+""9&!(,"/ %$)(' ,%*++&(*+%, % *!"+$ 1#7 P$%&'()(*+%, ($0+, *!(* *!" '(&> % 4$%*"* *!"$"*%/")%,*$(*" (&&"4*(,&" % *!" ('+/+* % *!" %*!"$ &'(+) *% %"$"+,* +,&'0/+, +, $"'(*+%, *% *!"4"$+)"*"$. T!+ :( &!(''","/ 8 P"$0.


21/70

37. T!" $"'"(,* 4($($(4! % C!+'" 1#7 D"&'($(*+%, 4$%+/" ( %''%:@

C%,+/"$+,@

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4$"+/",*+(' /"&'($(*+%, )(/" %, 2 S"4*")8"$ 1#5 2# O&*%8"$ 1#5 (,/ 11 O&*%8"$ 1#6 $"4"&*+"'

................................................................

2. T!(* *!" !(" "94'+&+*' 4$%&'(+)"/ *!" $+!* % *!"+$ S*(*" *% 4$%*"&* 4$""$" &%,*$%' (,/ +,4"&*+!+, ",*"$4$+" :+*! *!" %8"&* % 4$"",*+, +''+&+* (&*++*+" *!$"(*",+, *% /()(" %$ /"*$% *!"&%,+/"$(8'" ,(*0$(' $+&!" % *!+ >+,/ &%,*(+,"/ +, *!" "( (/(&",* *% *!"+$ &%(* (,/ :!+&! ($"+,/+4",(8'" *% *!" :"'($" (,/ 4$%$" % *!"+$ $"4"&*+" 4"%4'" (,/ *!(* *!" 0*+&" % 0&! &'(+) ++,/+40*(8'"

3. T!(* +* + )(,+"*' &%,",+",* +, *!" &(" % *!" C!+'"(, R"408'+& *% +0" ( +)+'($ 4$%&'()(*+%, %%"$"+,* ,%* %,' 8 *!" (&* % 4%"+, (,/ !(+, ('$"(/ 0,/"$ "94'%+*(*+%, ,(*0$(' $+&!"

"",*+(' *% *!" '+" % *!" ,(*+%, (,/ &%,*(+,"/ +, *!" &%,*+,",*(' !"' 0&! ( *!" &%('-)+," :!+&! ($""94'%+*"/ 8%*! %, *!" )(+,'(,/ (,/ 0,/"$ *!" "( 80* 0$*!"$ 8"&(0" +, +": % +* *%4%$(4! (,/ *!",($$%:," % +* 8%0,/($+" *!" '+" % *!" &%0,*$ + '+,>"/ *% *!" "( (,/ *% ('' 4$"",* (,/ 0*0$" ,(*0$('$+&!" &%,*(+,"/ :+*!+, +* )%$" % *!(, +, *!" &(" % (, %*!"$ &%0,*$

................................................................

;1< T!" G%"$,)",* % C!+'" &%,+$) (,/ 4$%&'(+) +* ,(*+%,(' %"$"+,* %"$ ('' *!" &%,*+,",*(' !"'(/(&",* *% *!" &%,*+,",*(' (,/ +'(,/ &%(* % +* ,(*+%,(' *"$$+*%$ :!(*""$ )( 8" *!"+$ /"4*! 8"'%: *!""( (,/ &'(+) 8 &%,"Q0",&" ('' *!" ,(*0$(' $+&!" :!+&! "9+* %, *!" (+/ !"' 8%*! +, (,/ 0,/"$ +*>,%:, %$ *% 8" /+&%"$"/.

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

;3< T!" /")($&(*+%, % *!" 4$%*"&*+%, %," %$ :!('+, (,/ /""4 "( +!"$ +, *!" &%,*+,",*(' (,/ +'(,/"( 0,/"$ *!" &%,*$%' % *!" G%"$,)",* % C!+'" :+'' 8" )(/" +, (&&%$/(,&" :+*! *!+ /"&'($(*+%, %%"$"+,* (* (, )%)",* :!+&! *!" G%"$,)",* )( &%,+/"$ &%,",+",* 0&! /")($&(*+%, *% 8"$(*++"/ ()4'++"/ %$ )%/++"/ +, (, :( *% &%,%$) :+*! *!" >,%:'"/" /+&%"$+" *0/+" (,/

+,*"$"* % C!+'" ( $"Q0+$"/ +, *!" 0*0$". P$%*"&*+%, (,/ &%,*$%' + !"$"8 /"&'($"/ +))"/+(*"' %"$ (''*!" "( &%,*(+,"/ :+*!+, *!" 4"$+)"*"$ %$)"/ 8 *!" &%(* (,/ *!" )(*!")(*+&(' 4($(''"' 4$%"&*"/ +,*% *!""( (* ( /+*(,&" % 2 ,(0*+&(' )+'" $%) *!" &%(* % C!+'"(, *"$$+*%$. T!+ /")($&(*+%, :+'' 8"&('&0'(*"/ *% +,&'0/" *!" C!+'"(, +'(,/ +,/+&(*+, ( )($+*+)" %," &%,*+0%0 *% *!" &%(* % *!" (+/+'(,/ 4$%"&*"/ 4($(''"' *% *!"" +'(,/ (* ( /+*(,&" % 2 ,(0*+&(' )+'" ($%0,/ *!"+$ &%(*.

;< T!" 4$"",* /"&'($(*+%, % %"$"+,* /%" ,%* /+$"($/ *!" +)+'($ '"+*+)(*" $+!* % %*!"$ S*(*" %,( 8(+ % $"&+4$%&+* ,%$ /%" +* ("&* *!" $+!* % $"" ,(+(*+%, %, *!" !+! "(.

3. T!" $"'"(,* 4($($(4! % P"$0 1#7 D"&$"" 4$%+/" ( %''%:@

T!" P$"+/",* % *!" R"408'+&

C%,+/"$+,@

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22/70

T!(* *!" !"' &%,*(+, &"$*(+, ,(*0$(' $"%0$&" :!+&! )0* 8" 4$%&'(+)"/ ( %0$ ,(*+%,(' !"$+*("

T!(* +* + /"")"/ "Q0('' ,"&"($ *!(* *!" S*(*" 4$%*"&* )(+,*(+, (,/ "*(8'+! ( &%,*$%' %+!"$+" (,/ %*!"$ ,(*0$(' $"%0$&" %0,/ +, *!" &%,*+,",*(' :(*"$ :!+&! &%"$ *!" 08)"$"/ !"' (,/*!" (/(&",* &%,*+,",*(' "( +, %$/"$ *!(* *!"" $"%0$&" :!+&! ($" % "",*+(' *% %0$ ,(*+%,(' '+" )(&%,*+,0" *% 8" "94'%+*"/ ,%: (,/ +, *!" 0*0$" +, 0&! ( :( ( *% &(0" ,% /"*$+)",* *% *!" &%0,*$

"&%,%) %$ *% +* %%/ 4$%/0&*+%,................................................................

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