HANDBOUND AT THE

UNIVERSITY OF

APPENDIXTO THE

DICTIONARY AND GRAMMAROF THE

KONGO LANGUAGEAsspokenat

San Salvador,

the

Ancient

Capital of the

Old

Kongo Empire, West Africa

COMPILED AND PREPARED FOR THE BAPTIST MISSION ON THE KONGO RIVER, WEST AFRICABY THE

REV.

W.

HOLMAN BENTLEY

Missionary of the Baptist Missionary Society on the Kongo

PUBLISHED BY THE BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY19,

FURNIVAL STREET, HOLBORN, LONDON, E.G.AND

KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER &PATERNOSTER HOUSE, CHARINGCROSS

CO.,

LTD.

ROAD,

LONDON, W.C.

PL

PREFACEand Grammarthan seven years have passed since the completion of the Dictionary of the Kongo language. During this time the New Testament has been translated, and other books for religious instruction and school use " " have been translated and prepared a Bi-monthly Magazine, Se kukianga;

MORE

(The

Breaking), has appeared, containing original native articles. School work has been well pushed, and a Kongo correspondence passes freely between the natives about our stations.is

Dawn

an unwritten language. Appendix to the work published in 1887. Every new word acquired has been most carefully preserved and inobscure idioms, and any constructions throwing light on the vestigated Grammar and Syntax, have been noted. While the New Testament was in the press, the Appendix to the Dictionary was printed. Returning to the Kongo a few days after the first hundred copies of the New Testament came from the book-binders, the mass of Grammatical and Syntactical notes which had accumulated was studied and arranged.

Kongo can no longer be spoken

of as

All this literary activity has called for an

;

The Dictionary of 1887 contains some 10,000 Kongo words, omitting as far as possible the thousands of derivative words, which, being formed from the

As the possibiliroot-words according to simple rules, needed no special note. ties of this highly flexible language are so great, these derivatives in actual orpossible use would

number hundreds

of thousands

;

it

was therefore necessary

rigorously to exclude them, except such as by their frequent or special usage

required special note.

Some 4,000 new words are now added on the same principle, which include, as far as possible, all words or roots which are used in the Kongo literature ofthe English Baptist Mission published up to the present. In the same way, the endeavour has been made to reduce the rules of

Grammar and Syntax which have been foundthe literary

to be further necessary, during which the correctness and sufficiency of the former work was tested. As for the correctness, it has been found that no great changes are necessary in some two or three cases only it has been necessary to narrow the these cases have application of certain rules which had been too widely stated been carefully noted in their proper places in the Grammar and Syntax of this

work

in

;

;

Appendix. In this translation and linguistic work, Nlemvo, who rendered such valuable assistance in the preparation of what was published in 1887, has still continued his aid, rendered all the more efficient by these fourteen years of work, which have trained and developed his great natural aptitude. This gives the uniformity which is of such great importance. A change has been made in the Kongo Alphabet, which must here be noted.

PREFACEat San Salvador, and in its neighbourhood, large proportion of the people the letter x was and i before i .as sh and j ; for the sound sh pronounce while z before i was written as j. Our books are adopted (as in Portuguese), and in those wider area than the district of San Salvador,

A

read over a

has proved unchanged before i, the use of x and j been decided to use s and z only, and in those it has therefore difficulty of these letters is softened before i they will be naturally parts where the sound remain unchanged they will be proin pronunciation, and where they softenedparts where 8

much

and

z remain

nounced as

written.

of the Dictionary and Appendix, This may cause some difficulty in the use in the Dictionary, and as simba under as ximba under since simfca appears

X

but that lack of uniformity is of small moment, compared of a permanent form at the earliest with the importance of the attainment and the wider usefulness of our literary productions. possible date, of 1887, the frequent For reasons noted in the preface to the Grammar has not been made in this Appendix, elision of final and initial vowels in Kongo as to the actual forms used. in order that there might be no obscurity of Kongo and of interest to note the comparative compactness

S

in the

Appendix

;

It

289 words, and 1172 letters. On page xi. of the preface to the work of 1887, reference is made to an o in Lisbon translation of a Portuguese treatise on Christian Doctrine, published Maria de Cannecattim, author of the Bunda Grammar Fr. Bernardo;

number of words used in the expression of ideas. For this English, in the words and letters used in Kongo and English in the ist Epistle to purpose the in the Kongo version there the Corinthians, I3th chapter, have been counted ; ish Revised Version there are 274 are words, and 1209 letters in the E.

may be

in 1624.

above was "the first work printed in the Kongo language," first work and we may be most probably correct in saying that it was the Bantu languages. printed in any of the The Rev. G. R. Macphail, who was minister of the Presbyterian Church of for me by Scotland in Lisbon, very kindly arranged to have the work copied(1804), says that the

hand.copies a Catechism in Portuguese and Kongo interlinear. in the National Library at Lisbon, and one in the Library of the PropagandaIt is

Two

are in

Rome. The Portuguese from which the;

translation was made "by the order of Mattheus Cardoso," is still in use in the schools in Madeira, as a standard Catechism it was written by Marcos Jorge, S.J. The Portuguese-Kongo work has been very carefully studied, and is a very words evidence of the usage of certain special

a which we find current to-day. It is a creditable production, showing that of Coast and vocabulary has been acquired. There is a liberal admixture good Mbamba words, suggesting that the early missionaries had picked up the with them this is language on the Coast, and carried up the Coast influence of cu (ku) as a prefix to the Infinitive Noun. noticeable in the;

interesting work, affording

early

employment w as ii, ki as qui the nasals and n are hopelessly is always written as b er confounded, and often omitted or written as in old Portuguese with the vowel But, after all, it affords no evidence of any change in the language. The main points are true to Kongo but where there are differences, it is imto determine how much is due to a mixture of the Coast and other;;

V

m

;

possible

PREFACEdialects,

vii

and how much to an imperfect knowledge of the language. It is White-man's Kongo, and sometimes the words are awkwardly spelt. The N of Nzainbi ampungu, God, never appears on the name itself, but is dian Zambi ampungu. often found on the end of the preceding word It is interesting to find untotela (p. 39) used for majesty, so that Ntotela iscertainly

not simply a dynastic name of the present kings. Anquissi (-ankisi, fetish} is used for holy, sacred; and even uquissi (fetish nature) for divinity (p. 30) This is a very objectionable use of nkisi, fetish. The words in use for the " Holy Faith of the Church of Rome " are " Canca! :

anquissi yanzua muquissi acuna E-oma"

(p. 85).

nkanka, devotion, faithfulness, and, for want of a better word, was this explains the exby these early missionaries into that use " pression Dingamena muna nkanka a Nzambi ampungu," continue in the Faith of God; so fftish devotion was used for Holy Faith. Yanzua muquissi is ya nzo ankisi, of the fetish house (nzo ankisi the grave also) this is the only translation used for the Holy Church (of Rome), not the buildSo we find " The Holy ing called a "church," but the Church of the Saints. Faith of the Church of Rome " thus translated, to the mystification of the " native mind The fetish devotion of the fetish house of at Rome " is always spoken of then, and by the Baptism priests to-day, as diais

Canca

strained

;

:

;

:

!

mungua,

ceremony Baptism according to the Romish' rVtual. Ecussuilu [ekuswilu, the place of rubbing on, or smearing (from kusu, to rub on or smear}] is the equivalent of Purgatory. Nsambu is used for grace, favour, as it is still by us and much of the " religious terminology," as to-day used, is found in this old book only it has been necessary to make a discreet selection. However, the work is certainly creditable for those far-off times, when viewed with a kindly eye, even in these days in which we have learned to value a greater accuracy. My thanks are due to the Committee of the Baptist Missionary Society, for,

with the words,

to eat salt; the placing of a little salt in the mouth of the infant, r of _the earth," being part of the "ye are the salt

;

;

undertaking the expense of publication of this Appendix, as they did that of the previous work. May the work be found helpful to all who seek to make known in Kongo the

Gospel of the Grace of God, and to extend the Kingdom of Righteousness andPeace.

W.

H. B.

WATHEN

STATION, B.M.S., CONGO FREE STATE, September \st, 1894.

APPENDIXTO

ENGLISH-KONGO DICTIONARY.ABANDON (as of no use), v.t., tengola ABANDONMENT, n., luyambulu, 10luvunzanisu,10;

ABUNDANT,be,v.t.,

a.,

-avomo.

seez/.,

lutengolo tengola, Appendix.

10;

selalala, sama, tuta.

bwembwena,

be-

ABDICATE,

kunkuka..,

ABHORRENCE,;

nkenonoka,

2.

ABILITY, ., ndwenga, 2 (generally plural] hie, pi. 6.in

make, v.t., seleleka, beseka. ABUSE, v.t., duvula, duka. luduvuku, 10 luduku,.,;

10

;

nlevo, 4.

one's

profession12.

or

craft,

..

umfuzi,zadi,6.

(quickness) in

learning,

n.,

zadi-

obscene language, v.t., bukalala. v.t., pitakesa. ABUSIVE toward, be, v.t., duka. ABYSS, ., mbilu, 2.in

(misuse),

ACCENT,v.t.,

.,

ABJECT, become,

nsiamu,v.,

2.

boloka.

ABLE

ACCEPT

as true,

sia

to,

be, v., see

omu matu.

fwanwa, Kongo-

ACCEPTABLE,.,

adj.,

Eng. Appendix,

-edienga.

may be, v, -fwete (v. aux.\ ABOMINABLE behaviour or insolence,nduvu, 4 lunkulu, ABORTIVE, become, v., funga..,;

ACCOMPLISH much, v., totola. ACCORD, ngwawani, 2. v. wawana, kwenda e bambala(6),

10.

totama.to,

ACCORDING

ABOUND,ABOUT,

v.t.,

see

adv.,

muna owuis,?);

wa.5;

abundant, be, App.

omu, App. used verbally to... about, v., nanga I ...ye, App. finished about ten on the spot, mana;

see -ina

ACCURSED, one whoziaku, 2 (P.

.,

kiudi,

mwana

(j);

yananga

a kandu (6); see kandu, App. you are accursed, ongeye ukiudi.

ye tezo kia ekumi vana fulu.

\BOVE

the other, one, adv., e kiani, e nkundieka, e kiani, e mbandieka.

nkundambanda-

ACCUSATION, mfundu, ACCUSE, v.t., funda..,

4.

ACCUSTOM to, v., yukisa. ACCUSTOMED to, be, v.i., yukwa.

.,

-ankundakiani, -aukundieka, -ambandieka, -ambandakiani..,

ACHE

(of the.,

head

only), v.t., tota.;

ACIDITY,

ABUNDANCE,of

nsa, 2 (Bako)

wingi, 12;

ngani,

2.

;

ebidi, 8

;

wokela, 9everything,

bidi, 6

;

vomo,

6.

have,

v.,

vwama,

pututa.

ACQUIT, TA, kangula. ACTION, evangu, 8. ACTIVE, be very, /./., tumpa-tumpa. ADAPT, v./., sobola..,

3

A

ADD-ALMADD,v.t.,

(

722

)

kundikabandika.v.,

further, v.,to, v.t.,

AGREE, continued. upon a price, zengawell together (besia

yikula.

e ntalu (2). on good terms),see

r/.,

together or up,e

bangumuna,(5),

kimbangumuna.,

tota.

ADDITIONter,

of a very different charac-

bakana. AGREEABLE, become, v.i. o ntima (4), App.(good},a.,!

;

buwa

nswangu,

4.

ADDRESS

(a fetish), v., vovelela.to, v.t.,n.,

AGREED

see

-ambote, -abiza. twe lubasa! App.

ADHERE

tatidila.4.

to be, v.t.,

kwikana

;

it

is

agreed

ADJECTIVE,

mbaku,

then, ozevo dikwikanini.10.;

ADMONITION, n., lutemweno, ADULATION, n., lusanisu, 10nisinu,10.

lusa-

AID

AGREEMENT,^.,nkangu, 4 ekangn, 8. in the prosecution of some enter;

prise, v.t.,

yakulula.so,i.,

ADULTERATE, v., lumba. ADULTERY, commit, v. kemba nkaza(i)

one who does

ngyaku,

2

;

nyakuludi,

&

4.

angani (Bako).;

ADVANCEMENT, n., lunungununu, 10, act. lunungunuku, io,pass. ADVANTAGE (profit), n., luwete, 10see mfunu, 4 mfunu, App. ADVERB, n., mpangilu,;

AILMENT

the aid rendered, n., nyaku, 4. of babyhood, any, con-

;

also

vwa

cerning which we can ask no be conscious questions, only that there is something wrong,funze,6.

2.

AIM, the

chief,6,.,

n.

;

see

etima,

8,

&

ADVERSEADVISE,

(hostile), a.,

-atantu.

vaki,

App.nsakila, 4 (Bako). ta nsakila (Bako).5.

v.t.,

kubikila.

ALARM

cry,

ADVOCATE, n., nzonzi, 2 (Bako), nkambakani, i & 4.ADZE, cutwith, v.,

utter such a cry,

ALCOHOL,ALIKE, be,

.,

kindakidi,(6).

vaba.

v.i.,

totama, kwenda e

AFFAIR AFFECT

(business), n., nkolo, 4.abilities, v.,

bambala

kuvaka.

AFFECTION,

intense, .,lunziototo, 10. (mutual), #., nzolani, 2.//.,

make, v.t., toteka. ALIVE, a., -amoyo.be,v.i.,

AFORESAID person, the, (pi. ambana). AFRAID of, no longer be

mbana,

i

kLL,prefix.to

vuka (Bako). The prefix

all- is

some

;

see

zanuna

noun

adjectives to the All-wise ;

makeit

applied ais

ex-

zanu, App. AFTER, see also za, App. after this or that or awhile, adv., oku se ntu. one after the other, a,, -andandani.adv., e

as pressed by Mpungu applied a prefix to the abstract noun.

Almighty, the, Mpungu-ngolo (2). All-wise, the, Mpungu- zayi (2).

ALL

ndandani.conj.,

AGAIN (in a discourse),diaka.to. ..over

ye diaka;

again, v., Vlltukila

see

due course, adv., oku kukwiziwa. not at all, ke dionso (7) dia...ko it does not move at all, ke kuna dionso dia nikuka ko.in;

Kongo-Eng. App. AGITATE, v.t., tumpanisa. AGITATED, be, v.i., tembela. mviangalu (4) a ntima(4). AGONY, unspeakable, n .,tema (6) kia nsongo..,

all

right (in safety), adv.,

male-

mba-lemba.all sorts

of things,v.,

.,

wadiwonso,i2.

ALLUDE to,

tola (Bako), zangata,n.,

AGREE

(coincide),(6),

z/.,

kwenda

e ba-

suma. ALMIGHTY, the,

Nengolo,i.

i

;

Mpu-

mbala

totama.

ngu-ngolo,

(

723

)

ALO-ANX

ALONG

the edge, brink, or side, adv., o lunseka-lunseka (10).adv., e

ANGER, continued. one who is slow to, nkwa ntimaa vunda. soothe, v.t., wondeleka.

(4)

ALOOF,

vaudi

(6).

ALREADY, adv., see mpasi own, App. ALTER (of a palaver or language only), v.i., bindama. ALTERNATE, v.t., swanga, swanganisa.v.i.,

ANGLE,

n.,

nzinga,

4.

at right angles, adv., ANGRY, to get or be, z/.,

ku nkayikwa.baika maketo

(Bako)

;

see also

fwama(Bako)(Bako), App.cries out,.,

swangana..,nswangani,2.

& baka efwemaANGUISHat

arrangement,

which one

ALTERNATELY, adv., e nswangani. ALTHOUGH, conj., kana vo, kana una vo, o sia ele vo, kufwilaowu...koalthough(even;

tatu, 6. ANIMAL, huge,.,

.,

evwendengele,

8.

see also ndivo,

App.

;

I

tooki

it,

kufwila

owu mbongelewhen), conj., nkutu... ndivo.;

kio ko.

ANISE (?), mana-nsusu, 6. ANNOY, v.t., tuntanisa, tokeka. (pester) v.t., lakama. ANNOYED, be, v.t., tuntana, tokama.much,v.;

muna wauI

see also

fwama

(Bako)

&or

(verbal),-lembiit,

although

scrubbed

would not come off, yalembi kio fusula, kansi ke ikatukidi ko see -lembi, p.it;

322.

baka efwema (Bako), App. ANNOYING, a., -anangi. ANOINT with oil, v.t., lengola nwika o mazi (pi. 7). ANSWER, make no, v.i., voloka. be unable to make an, tungama.ANT,driver, n., nsalafu, 2 (Bako).

ALWAYS... -ing,

be, v.,

sama (=kwa-

ma), lakama.

AMASS,

v.,

vwisisa.v.i.,

white, a variety of, n., ndaulau, 2. nest of (mushroom like), vava, 6

;

AMAZED, be very much,neka.

kuzenge-

&

utter a cry,

kiololokan.,

AMBASSADOR,;

kululnka. ntumwa, 2 nku;

nkuku, 2. swarm of winged (perfect) nkumbi, 2 (Bako).see also

ants,

;

vunga sama, App.bread,"

mbi, 2 nlualua, 4; mbaku,4. AMBITIOUS, be, v., kukundidika.

"Ants'

a

honey-combed

AMBUSH, set an, v., kanga e mbaki (2). AMETHYST, n., ametiste, 2. AMONG (before a pers. pron.}, vava or vovo or vana (bena, &c.);see -ina,

|

cultivation of fungus (?) found in the nests of white ants, or

i

ANT

App.

frequented by them, n., mbungu, 2. LION (inyrmeleon formicarius], n., nkenge, 2.gazelle-like, n., nsiesie, 2

among them, vana bena. among us, vava twina. among you, vovo nwina. ANARCHY, ntumpa-ntumpa,.,

ANTELOPE,

(Bako).

ANTIPHON,4.

n.first

to lead

with thev.,

antiphonal(4).

ANCESTOR,

n.,

nkulu,a.,

i.

song,8.

bonga

o

nkunga

ANCIENT

times, most, n., ekulu,

to

ancient veiy,

-ankulu-nkumbi..== nsita);;

AND

answer back, v., yakula, yakulula, tambulula.n.,

that, conj.,n.,

yovo, yo ovo.pi.

the choral answer,

ngyaku,n.,

2.

ANGER,

nkafi 4 (gen.2

ANXIETY

(apprehensiveness),2;

nsu-

nkenene,

nlula,8)

4

;

mbi,(care), n.,

efwema, 8 (Bako). very great, makasi (pi. or mavengenene.

mansuva

songololo, 6 swengeti, lu, 10;

nsumbi-nsumbi, 2. lunzumbu;

6.5.

to do, go, &c., n.,

kiangula,

ANX-ASANXIOUS,be, v.,

(

724

)

zanginika or zanga(u-)

APPROVE

of,

z/.,

ludika

;

lunganisa

;

nanwa ontima (4), ntimafor,

zanganana, yela e nsumbi (2). viangalwa or zinwa or lakukwa o moyo (3) or ntima (4), ntima or moyo (u-) viangalaor zina.

tonda, App. APRON, ., lenga, 6. ARACHID, harvest season

see also

for,

.,

a mpava. crushed with pepper and

nsungi

(2)

salt,

n.,

kindungu,ARC, ARCH,n.,

5.

make, zanginika o ntima. ANY, see wonso & una -ina, App. APART, adv., e kikaka (5). (aside), e kingenga (2), kuna mpe-

ngumbu,

2.

ARDENT, be, ARDUOUS,ARE,n.,

?/./.,

vela-vela.100.

.,

-afuki.

are,

meta akare

nga

(2).

(separate), e

from, prep., e

vaudi (6). kikaka yo,2.

ARISE, z/., zangumuka (never used by an inferior in reference to ae

vaudi

muna.APOSTLE,n.,

superior), (of a dispute),

z/.,

[e

mpaka

(2) zi-]

ntumwa,('),.,

lekama.6.

APOSTROPHEAPPAREL,.,

nienie,6.

ARM,toz/.z'.,

see

nkonda a koko, App.

vwatwa,

APPEAR suddenlytema.for a

or unobserved,

arms over the chest and clasp one's shoulders, ta nkondobela (2) (Bako), zingacross the

moment

(come

only, v.i., sunsumina. into view, also come out of

nkondo (4) (Bako). AROUND, adv., e kinzieta.prep.,

sun,

moon, or

stars),

z/.z'.,

seloka.

muna nzinguluka

(2) a.i>.t.,

APPEARANCE,2,

#., zizi,

6

;

see

nsampu,

AROUSE and

cause to run away,

App..,

dikumuna.8.

altered,

ekitu,n.,

and run away,5.

APPETITE (taste),luntati, 10

kinzola-nzola,

ARRANGE,(fix), v.,

v.,

dikumuka. kumpa, lumpika.z/.z'.,

APPLICATION, close;

(to one's work), n.,

sungididi,to

6.

APPLY

one's

self closelyv.,

(one's

in

sikanisa (Bako), konkota, sikana. a line, v.t., kiatumuna, kialu-

work),

sia...o

luntati (10)

muna.together according to size, height, or quality, v., taka, takanisa. (set right straight), z/., ludika.

or sungididi (6). as a brake or against the surface(of

something revolving),(fix),

v.t.

kakidila.

be arranged, as above,v.,

v.,

lulama.an,z/.,

APPOINT

sikinisa (Bako), konkota, sikana. appointed (by), #., -esika-sika (yo). to a duty, z/./., toneka, sonekena,sila.(tell off

ARRANGEMENTkonka

(with),;

make

dio (yo)

bakonkele

dio yo nengandi, they arranged it with so and so.

ARROGANT, beto a duty),

(arrogate great thingsself),z/.,

suma..,

to one's

kurnvalala,

the day appointed,

e

lumbu kia

kuvalala.

nkangu (4) a ntangwa. APPREHENSION (fear), swengenia,.,

make, kumvidika, kuvidika, kumvika.

nsumbi-nsunsumbi, 2 mbi, 2. be full of, v., yela e swengenia or nsumbi.;

6

;

ARTICLE (gram.\ yikilwa, 6. ARTIFICE, ., lumpeso, TO. As for, conj., vo i, ngavo, ngavoas though, conj., as often as you (he,if,

i.

as

ne banza vo.c.)

APPROPRIATE,(fitting), a.,

z/./.,

lainuna.

like,

kie-

-ansongi.

kiele kaka.

(

725

)

As-ArrI

As, continued. as soon as, adv., una...kaka (past),

ASS STA N C E, contin ut-d.

lulumuna, lundumuna, twalakesa;

ovo...kakaaswell,

(/#/.)

adv.,well,

kumosioyandi

;

he

goes

ASSUMEairs, v.,

the

as

o-kwenda

nkuwu

K.-Eng. App. government, yala e (2), see nkuwu, App.v.i.

see

kumosi.as well, as well as, con/., i after the demonstrative pronoun in what-

kukundidlka.,kuvaka,

(some very great work),

ever position;will

these (people)well,

go and Nlemvo as

aya bekwenda, oyu i Nlemvo. As well as we who are here, aya we bought i yeto tuna vava;

vakama, vampama. become responsible for, v., yekama. ASSUMPTION, kuvaka, 9. ASSURANCE (guarantee), n., lusikidi.,

su, 10.

ASTONISHMENT (dumbfounded),luzengeneko,utter criesof, v.,

n.,

those knives on our market, and those hoes (which you hold) as

10.

kululuka, kiolo-

tusumbidi e mbele zina vana ezandu dieto, ezo i nsengo I cannot come, for I am too busy, and these visitors have come as well, kilendi kwiza ko e kuma e salu kingi ngina kiau, ezi i zau nzenzawell,;

loka.

ASTOUNDED, be, v.i., sivika, kumba. be very, kuzengeneka (re/I.}, zenganana, yenganana. ASTRAY, go, v., tungiana, zieziana.to

lead,

send,

tungianisa, ziezia.,

nisa.

ezi zizidi.

one who has gone,(before the

ntungianu,4.

as well as,

musungula

AT

all,

adv.,all,

WOnso

;

he did not speak

noun).

at(a hill or tree), v., tota,first,

yandi kavovi diambu

ASCEND, go up

wonso.adv.,

kuma.(as smoke), n.,

vana

kintete,

vana

fotomoka,to, v.,

fita.

ntete, e ntete.once, adv.,

ASHES, reduce

komona, bo-

VOVO fulu, VOVO vau,see

mona.ASIDE(apart), adv., e

kikilu;

also

mu

(i

mu),

kikaka

(5),

eat

App.once is expressed also by the reduplicated verb, to take atonce, bonga-bonga.

kingenga (5), kuna mpenga (2), va beko (6). ASK to come, v., susumuna, vukulula.

ASKEW,a.,

adv., o

nzungu

(4).

ATHWART, adv., oku nkayikwa. ATTACHED to, be, or become,selomokena,(10).

v.t.,

-anzungu. ASLEEP, fall, v., wondoka yo tulu(pi.

sia...o

luntati

10).n.,;

ATTACHMENT,kalala, 6;

great, n., luntati, 1010.

;

ASPARAGUS,2

nsende2.

;

&

1 1

nsende-nsende,lunganisa.v.i.,

K.-Eng. App. loving, n., lunziototo,

see

ASSEMBLE,(of

v.t.,

people only),

lungwa, kutakuta.

ATTACK in force, v.t., bundamena. ATTEMPT to do something, well knowingit

(of things only), v.t.,

to be hopeless,

v.i.,

kuv.t.,

ASSEMBLY, n., lukutakanu, 10. ASSIDUOUS, be, v.t., see persevere,App ASSISTANCE, ;/., nsadisa, 2 luambu;

fianunga, fianungina. ATTEND [(listen) to a matter],vivila.

10.

ATTENTION, give,v.,

v.,

teka o matuis

(9).z/. ;

render,

vana

o

luambu.v.t.,

refuse attention to whatsee

heard,

withhold, in crisis,

filakesa

pakumuna, App.

ATT-BEA.,

(

726)BARE,place,.,

-anzoko-zoko. ATTENTIVE, AUDIT, z/./., visa. AUDITOR, mpisa, 2. AUTHORITY, n., olodi, 2 (P. ordem). delegated, n., wiswa, 6 wisiswa, 6,.,;

-ampenza, -ankulungunzu.., ., -angidinginza. seswa, 6. .,

(dreary),

small,

evela,.,

8.;

BARENESS,

seswa, 6

nkulungu-

(over),

kiyekwa

AVARICE,

n.,

(kia) 6. evudidila, 8 ukabu,;

12.

nzu, 4 mpenza, 2. BARGAIN over a price, z/., ta or;

vuna

AVARICIOUS person, n., ekabu, 8. AVENUE, mumpumpu, 3. AVOID carefully, z/., kukenka. AVOIDED, something to be, n., mve.,

e

ntalu., .,

(2).

kaku, 6. BASE, basis, ezuku, 8 see K.-Eng. App.;

BARNACLE, BARRIER,

eyidi, 8 (Solongo).

ngo,

4-

(foundation),

.,

nsilu,

2

;

nsidi-

AWAKE, z/./., katumuna. z/.z., katumuka.with astart,z/.z'.,

kwa,upon,

2.

something having no base to stand.,

dikumuka.BASIN,6.

AWARE,make,

be,

z/.,

lubuka.

.,

kila,

nsundungulu, 4. 5 lumpinu, 10.;

z/./.,

tumbulwila..,

BASIS, see base, App.

AWFUL, something,AXE,.,

tema,;

BASKET2.

of fan

palm

leaves,

.,

nteva,

kiubi,;

(Bako)

(Bako) kiavu, 5.5' ;

sengele, 6

AXLE, } AXLE-TREE, ngungu)

"" ezita 8.,

see

K Eng''

'

App.z., yiva. very, a., -andudi (bitter). BAG, with a running string sewn and around its neck,mpodi,BALE,.,

vo, App.

BEADSinto

the strings of which arecount,

full

nzimbu

(pi.

2)

za-

.,

ki-

5.

BAN,

.,!

mfuna, kandu,

4.

BEARj^ K.-Eng. App.!

6;

inter tewa j., make a, z/., xia e tewa. BANK, along the, muna (&c.) nlambu a nlambu o lunseka-lunseka. bank of earth, ekunkwa, 8.to;

BANG

nsodia, 2. mind, z/., sia oku ntima (endure) z/./., siamina.J

.,

in

(4).

patiently,

stoically,

z/.,

zozoka,3.

zizila, viyidila.

she

whoz/./.,

bore,

muti.,

(pi.;

miuti),

BEARDBEAT,

(long),

papa, 6

kievo,

5.

.,

BAPTISM,see

n.,pass., mvubwa, 2. after the rite of the Church of Rome

kafa. against (as a storm),

z/.z.,

wulama

;

muna.cruelly, severely,z/./., yosona, yovona, niosona, teva.

BAR,

n.,

mungwa, App. mbmdi, 2.

(

727

)

BEA-BET

BEAT, continued. with, zuba, vama, venza. (with a lash or rods), vizula, zwabula.(with a stick), v.,

13

EG IN, continued.begin crying,v.,

seloka

dila.,

(9).

BEGINNING (the ndamu, 2

first;

thing),

mba-

kwangula.kenga.

(the point from which

ngyatiku, 2. it was com;

BEAUTIFUL, be, very, kekoka.

v.,

make, kekola.

menced), n., eyatiku, 8 ntiku, 8. (making, creation), esemo, 8

eba-

;

from

BECAUSE, see under sia, o kala kwa, App.(for

i

sia vo,

and

the very beginning,

tuka kuna

esemo.

the reason that), conj'., e bila, e bila ye ebandu.

BEGUILE,

v.t.,

vukika.

now that), wail VO, wau kina or kinana vo, wau kadi. BECKON, v.t., labisa (Bako). BECOMING, a., -ansongi.(since,

BEHAVE, BEHIND,beleft

v.,

sikila.

adv., o

lunima. behind by mistake,nkala,be, v.i.,2.

v.,

sa-

didila.

BEING,

.,

be, v.,it is, i

songa. betela kiki..,

BELATED,2 (Kib.)5.;

yididilwa, bwiti-

dilwa.basa,

BEDSTEAD,

mbuka,;

6 (Bako)

kingembo,

BELIEF (creed), n., kwikizi, 6. BELIEVE (a person), v.t., kwikidila.see think,

BEETLE, the unicorn,fine metallic

also others of

zaya,(of

& nkanka,a matter),

colour, n.,

yunga,

8 (Bako).

BELIEVED, be kana.cause to be,

v.i.,

App. kwi-

BEFALL, v., vaika. have befall one, v., vaikilwa. BEFITTING, be, v.i., songa.it is, i

v.t.,

kwikanisa.

betela kiki.

BEFORE

(in time), adv.) e nkete, prewhich ceding the predicate, should be in the subj. mood, and only used where the action is not yet performed j before

BELOVED, a., -anzolwa, -a nsi a ntima (4). one specially, n., ntambuki, i 4. BEND, v.t., koza.down,v.i., v.t.,

yizika.10.:

yizama. BENEDICTION, n., lusambu,

you sit down, tie the goat, e nkete ofonga, okanga e nko-

BENEVOLENCE, mba, 2 pi. BENIGHTED, be,

.,

luzolo, 10

nge(of

v.i.,

bwitidilwa

mbo.(in

place or time), prep.,a.

kuna

ntll

time only), bubalala, yididilwa (mentally also).

BEREAVED,yet... not), adv.,

be, v.,

fwilwa, kala

ku

(while as

wau;

orof,

fwidi.

una

ke...ko,

vava

ke...ko,

fwidilwa.n.,

see also

yavana, App. before the time, wau ke kiafwene e

person,

mfwidi,n.,

i

&

4.

BEREAVEMENT,

fwidi,

6.2.

ntangwaBEGI

ko.

(beseech),

v.,

wondelela.

beg you to allow me further to remark, ke mu simba edi diabegat,.,

BERIBERI (?), n., mpimbu, BERYL, n., beril, 2. BESEECH, v., wondelela.

vova ko. BEGET, he whomiuti).

muti, 3

(pi.

BESIDE, adv., see as well, App. BEST, do one's very, v., babanisa, vangalela he did his best in;

building

it,

obabanisi

yo

o

BEGIN,

bandama, toza, bantama, dokama.v.t.,

tunga.BET,.,

ntela,

2.

BET-BLUBETRAYintodifficulties, v.t,

(728sinda-

)

BITTERNESS, continued.of speech or feeling,.,

kesa, twalakesa,

huidumuna,girl),

lunkuln,

10.

lulumuna.

BLACK,only of thesee

a., -afio.

BETROTHED

n. (used2.v.i.,

be, grow,

v.z.,

fiota.(2).2.

nzitikila,also vaza,feelit

be very, via e mpila

BETTER, become,

under voza,

BLACKNESS,excessive,

.,.,

ndombola,nziu, 2;

App.

fio (pi. 6).

much, v., mona e lo (6). would be better or best to..., see wete-fiole ( 2), or o wete-wete,1

BLAME,.,

v.,

semba.

or mpasi, App. (rather), deke, vezi.

BETWEEN, adv., kuna or muna or vana mposoko see also under;

lusembo, 10. BLASPHEME, ^.,tiangnna (oNzambi). BLASPHEMER, ., ntianguni, i, 2,& 4. BLAZE, ., nkwimu, 4. v. kwima, lekoka.

BLEND

(combine),

v.t.,

lumba.;

kati, App.

BEVERAGE,zana.

n.,

ndua,

2

;

nua,

9.

BEWAIL, with

gesticulations,

v.i.,

za-

BLESS, v.t., sambula. (as God, not invoke a blessing), v. vana e nsambu (2) see saku;

BEWARE

!

inter}.,

makono

!

BLESSED,(12

BEWILDER, v.t., ziezianisa. BEWILDERED, be, v., zayizenzela, ziezianaplexed, be, p. 158,;

n-)

muna, App. be, v. sambuka. blessed one, nsambuki, (i) nsambu.t

.,

i,

nkwa

see also per-

&

App.

BIDBIG,

(tell), v.t.,

samwina.;

BLESSING, an invocation of a, n., lusambu, 10 lutaulwilu, 10 lukandwilu, 10 ^^kandwila,App.; ;;

(command), kanikina. a., -ambafu, -ankofo

invoke,see

utter,

pronounce,;

v.t.,

also

nkingwa &BIGGER,be, or

utiangi, App.size, v.i.,

become, in tuntuka e ntela (2).

-atonga. -antongO. BIGNESS (corpulence), n., tonga, 6. BIRD, young, //., nswidi, 4 (Bako).(stout, great),

sambula, taulwila. BLOCK, single, ;z., ebaya, 8 it is one single block only, ebaya dimosi kiau ekulu. BLOCK the view, v.t., kika o meso(pl- 7).

(of pigs only], a.,

something which blocks the view,up, see obstruct,

BIRTH

(a 8 ;

being born), n., ewutuka, from his birth, tuka 6WU-

nkakidiswa, 2. App.in by, be, v.,

BLOCKED

bambamena.

tuka diandi.(a

BLOW;

(a fire) v.,

lemona, lemuna.

bringing forth), n., ewuta, 8 her first bearing, ewuta diandi diantete.n.,

along, v.i. t vekomoka. (as the wind), v.i., vekomoka, beba.

out (distend),

v.t.,

tuva, tividika.the wind),v.t.,

BIRTHRIGHT,BISHOP,BIT,n.,

efwafwa,i

8.

over or6.

down

(of

n.,

nkengi,;

4.;

vitumuna.tente,2.

vasina, 6little, n.,

bela, 6

up

(as

gunpowder),

v.t.,

vubuna.was

least

nsunungina,

(slice), n., sele, 6.

(with the breath), v.t., fula. the manner in which a blowstruck,.,

BITE,

v.,

off

a large piece,a.,

vwengo-

ewanda,

8.

mona, vwengona.BITTER, excessively,kiolo, adv. e kiokiolo, e4.

BLUNT, a., -ambufu-bufu. BLUNTNESS, ;/., bufu-bufu, 12. BLUSTER (in speech), v., vulumukina.rush and bluster (as the wind),v.i.)

BITTERNESS,

.,

nlula,2.

excessive, n., ukio,

pekomoka, vekomoka.

(

729

)

BOA-BRI(of a tree only),n.,

BOAST, n., lusanu, 10. BOASTING, habit of, n., esemba, 8. BODY, dead (of an animal), n., fwila, 6. BOGIE, n., kakiingu, 9 ngobodi, 2.;

BRANCH

ta,

6

(Bako).small, kola,6.

BOIL,

v.,

fukusa (Bako), bila (Bako).

branch out a second time (i.e. to put out a branch from a branch), v.,tekola.

to pieces, v.t.,v.t.,

bombomona. bombomoka.kabuka.;

BOLD,

be, v.,

BRASS wire, thick, BRAVERY, to show,

BOLDLY

to tell or speak, v., kabula he went and told it boldly to

kaBREAD,

(3)

mbienga, 2. songa o mwia kiakala (5)..,

v.,

n.,

the chief,

wele dio kabula

kwa

BREAK

in two, v.t.,.,

kwanga, 6. minguna.nkakilwa, bangula efight), v.,2.

mfumu.BOLDNESS,n.,

(check),

mu,BOLT

12

;

unkabu, 12 nkabu, 2.

;

ungya-

a law,

.,

nkuwu

(2)

;

(bar), n.,

BOND

(covenant),

mbindi, 2. n., ekangu, 86.;

out (of a free:

[nkindu

(2)

nka-

ngu,(tie), n.,

4.

kangwa,

dituka. pull and break in two, zuzuna.i-]

v.t.,

duduna,

BONDAGE, n., wayi, 12 BOOTH, n., lembeka, 6.

uwayi,bayi,a.,

12.

a vow,2

(snap) in two, kendona. v., fumba e ndofitake, v.,

(2).

BORDERBORED,

of a

cloth,

n.,

(P.

BREAKFAST,

mina

e ete (8)

;

bainha).in

see ete,

App.

manyv.,

places,

-azoko-

zoko.be (wearied),

BREAST-CLOTH, n., lenga, 6. BREAST-PLATE, n., nkikwa (2) a tulu(6).

sukwa

moyo

(3)

;

tantwa

e

mpasi

(2 pi.).

BREATHE(3)

into, v.t.,v.,

fuhunwina.

BORERS, those which destroy woodin brackish water, n.,

the last gasp,

kuma

o

mongo

mumbidi,

3 (Solongo).

by many, adv., e kambakamba, e kakamba. BORROW, v.t., see also sombola, App.at interest,

BORNE

a fwa. softly (as one asleep or unconscious), v., tumbula, tundula.

BREATHING, painful, with ekomongo, 8.

difficulty, n.,

dima.a.,

BORROWED, BOTTLE (for

-ansompa.n.,

BREED (stock), n., kuna, 12. BREEDER of stock, n., ntwedi,

i

& 4.

water for travelling),

luamba, 10. BOULDER, n., ngengele (2) a etadi. nkeBOUNDARY, n., mwingilu, 3;

BREEZE, strong, n., tembo, 6 (Bako). BRIBE (to secure judgment), .,v.,

mbabu, 2. vana e mbabu.a, a.,

ndelo, 2

;

nsilu, 4

;

luiku,

10.2.

given as

-ambabula.

BOUNDS

of moderation,v.t.,

;/.,

ngingu,

Bow

down,

yizika.8see

yizama. BOWELS, n., ekati,v.i.,

;

K.-Eng. App.

BRIBERY, n., mbabula, 2. BRIDE, n., ndumba, 2. BRIDEGROOM, kiyowa-nkula, 5 (so-called from the custom of.,

be regular as regards one's bowels, v., mona o mafula (8). BOWL, n., lumpinu, 10 kila, 5.;

rubbing a cosmetic of powdered camwood all over the body onthe festal occasion).

BOY,

n.,

kiusi,

5

(Bako).

BRIDESMAID,BRIEF,a.,;

;/.,

ndumbizi,

2.

BRACKISH, a., -akanga (Solongo). BRAIN, ., tomvi, pi. 10 (Bako), wo-

-a kolo kiakete. so to state things briefly,that,it

BRIEFLY

mbo

(Solongo).

was arranged

kana meugi,

BRI-BUT

(

730

)

BRIEFLY, continued. vuya aka, dikubamene vo; see also story, App.

BUNDLE, BURDEN,

BRIGHT

(dazzling), a., e sezi (adv.}.a.,

(giving light),

-antemo.8.

efunda, 8. enatn, 8 zitu, BURIAL, ., zikwa, 6. BURN, z/./., yisa (Bako). fiercely, z/./., lekoka..,.,;

6.

be very,dazzling,

z/.z.,

kengomoka..,

up, to

ashes,

z/.,

bomona, fumfula,

BRIGHTNESS,.,

elezi-lezi,

fumpula.z/./'.,

sezi, pi. 6..,

bomoka, boma.1

BRILLIANCE, BRILLIANT, a

elezi-lezi, 8.

(set fire to),

z/./ .,

,

-elezi-lezi.

up with a

roar,

z/./.,

vika. kitima.

BRIM

of a hat,(2).

matu

(pi. 9)

ma mpu

BURNING

BRING up

to the surface orz/.,

the dead,

up from tumbulula.App.toaffair), v.t., zio-

fiercely, a., -anyuyi. be burning to (anxious), z/., viangaIwa or zinwa o moyo (3) or ntima (4) moyo or ntima (u-);

to perfection, see perfect,

viangala or zina.(longing)(3);

up again (some oldtola, not iised

of or

one's

lakukwa z/., jr K.-Eng. App.

o

moyoz/.z'.,

betters;(foster),

yangumnna.

z/.,tongonona, kubulula. (rear), z/., kudisa.calycinium,^., luyuki, 10 (Bako) ; luyukia-yukia, 10to atoms, be,.,

BRIOPHYLLUM(Bako).

BURNT, be (consumed by fire), ya (Bako). up to ashes, be, z/.z'., bomoka, boma. nduzu, 4. BURROW,.,

BUSH

(jungle),to,z/.,

.,

mfuta,

4.

relapsez/.,

futa.profession),.,

BROKEN

wesomoka.;

BUSINESS

(trade,4.

BROKERAGE,

mbata, 2 mboko, 2. BROTHER (used by or of the opposite sex only), n., nsanga, 2..,

nkono,

see also mwana-ngudi, App. BROW, mbunzu, 2. BRUISE (& cause swelling), z/./., fungumuna. BRUSHWOOD, just outside a town, nganzu, 2 nkunku, 2 (Bako). BRUTE, brutal fellow, mbangadi,.,;

(something to be attended to), nkolo, 4. (work in one's profession), mfunu, 4 he brought them a good deal of business, mfunu wingi kabatwasidi.;

pressure

of,

lunzumbulu,busy,

nziezie, 4 10

;

nzieta, 4I

;

;

am

very

.,

nziezie

i

&

wingi;

nginaK.-Eng.

4

;

mbangazi,6.

i

&

4

;

wan.one'sfirst,.,

bangazi,

vaki, 64.

see

BUBBLE

slowly (of thick fluids),12

z/.,

App.pressureof,.,

bwadinga. BUILD, ., kanda,

nziezie,

;

they are both of

the same build, yau ewole kanda umosi the build of one who comes early to maturity, kanda wa mvudi (4) or wa;

nknnda-ngongo, 2. BUSTLE (rush), ngungula-ngu.,

BUSTARD,

ngnla, 2. BUSY, be very, z/.z., zuwana.

BUSYBODY,bea,z/./.,

vulu-vulu

(6)..,

nyakami, yakama..,

i

&

4.

BUILDINGBULKY,be,

material,

ntungu,

2

BUT,

wz/., osee}.

nlongo (=mpasi, which;

(sing. only}.z/./.,

yilalala.

render,

BUMP

yididika. (protruding lump),z/./.,

(bringing a strong contrast), kaka do not as you like, but as I like,.,

fungu-

ke nuvangi luzolo lueno ko

dia, 6.

luame kaka (mine

only).

(

731

)

BUT-CAS(in

BUT, continued.(except), see but now, see

CAPITAL

trade),6.

.,

lusalu,

10

;

evengwa, App. kasi OWU, App.ntetedi,4.

kuta,

in slaves, n.,

kuta,

6.i

BUTCHER,BUTTRESS,Iwa,

n.,

n.,

mwekwa,;

3

;

nsiku2.

2

(Bako)

nsiamu,kutula.

CAPTIVE, .,mbakami, (i)ambaki. a., -ambaki.

& 4 muntu;

BUYup,

(a slave only], v.t.,v.t.,

CAREnkaa-

(anxiety),

;/.,

songololo,10.

6.

kita.jackal),

(business),

lunzumbulu,

BUZZARD, jackal (buteoyi-nuni,2.

white-breasted,

n.,

nkodi

(2)

(concern), n., sunga-sunga, 6. done without any attempt at a., -afwatiku -fwatiku.

care,

nkwata.

beof,

full

of care,

v.i.,

zumbuluka.

BY

(day by day, &c.), see ke, App.

C.CAGE,n., see

kenga, keya. (look after something alive or movable), v., lunga-lun^a, yenga-yenga. CAREFUL (against), be very, v., kuv.,

take good,

nkulubu, App.(the true),.,

kenkangongo

[reft,

(muna)].

CALABAR bean(2)

antela.

CALABASH, medium-sized,

., mfiba, 4. unripe or blighted, ebubulu, 8. CALCULATE, v.t,, dikula. CALCULATION, by, adv., muna ki-

CARELESS, a., -ankwalu. manner, in a, adv., nkwalu. which involves great loss, n., nsoki see K.-Eng. (4) a mbwanzi (2);

App.(blundering), n., nsansansalu, 2 see sansala. CARGO, n., enatu, 8. CARPENTER, n., mbangu (2) a nti (4).;

CARELESSNESS

mbalu. CALL, v.t., loka (Bako), loka(2)

e

mbila

(Bako).

for (on the way), v., vitula.

CARRIED onv.,

(something to bokelesa.

be

brought),

industriously, be, finiziana.(as

v.i.,

CARRY awayc.),

a

flood,

crowd,

(name), v., yika. out (to a duty), v., suma. over (names, items, &c.), tangu-

v.,

twalakesa, kukumuna,v.t.,

vitumuna.(an infant) in a sling,

zembeka.

muna.out loudly,v.,

kaluluka.v.t.,

upon upon

(a fetish), v., vovelela.

on industriously, v.t., finizieka. on the head without holding, nata e ntentela (2).

for help (beseech), ndelela.

wo-

safely through danger, v.,

wombesa.

upon,

make a.,

(visit), v.,

kangadila.

something very heavy, v., kaba. take up and carry away at once, v.t.,kikula.

CALM, be, v., vuvama. samo (Fr. chameau). CAMEL, CAMCENSIA maxima (hot.), n., mfundangavu,4-

CARTE BLANCHE,misahave,v.i.,(reft.}.

allow,

v.t.,

kuta-

kutamina

(reft.}.

CAMP

(regular resting-placevellers), n.,

for

tra-

CARVECASEto

(sculpture), v.t.,

sema.

eboko,

8.

CANDLE, n., nkengwa, 2. CANNIBAL, n., mundia-wantu, 3. bwatu (Bako, pi. matu), 13. CANOE, CAPE (headland), n., nkonko, 2 (So.,

pwa-meso, 6. be judged, n., mfundu, 4.or in case of(lest), conj.,

in point, n.,

in case that,

-nkwa.(if

perhaps),;

unkwa, unkwa kala

longo),

ekunkwa,

8.

vo

see

-nkwa, App.

CAS-CHA

(

732

)

CASING, ., ngumbu, 2. permanent, of leather, &c., n., kasu, 6. CASSAVA leaves, and a dish prepared from them, ., nsaki, 2.smallfield of,fistula,;/.,.,

ntembelela,4.v.t.,

2.

CASSIA

nsazu,

-ankwamu. CEASELESS, CEASELESSNESS, n., kwaminini, 6. CELL, ., see esangala, 8, App. CENSURE, z/., semba. ?/., lusembo, 10. CENTI- (metre, &c.)= x 100, senti.,

CAST

(into

an abyss),

one's selflala.

upon one'sv.t.,

face, v.,

nengona. buka-

(meta,

etc.)..,

CASTRATE, CAT-FISH

nwata

(Bako).

(siluroid),

long-headed;

CENTIME, sentime, 2. mwalala, 3. CENTIPEDE, CENTRE, n., ndunda, 2 the centre of the town, ndunda a evata..,;

species of, n., dwele, 6 broad-headed, ngola, 2.

dole,

6.

the very,line(of

n.,

ediongi,

8.

something long, as road,plank,3.c.),

CATCH

(seize), v.t., yimba. and carry away, v., kukula. by cunning or treachery, z/./.,

river,

n.,

munga-

nga,lo-

weJa.the foot and stumble,v.z.,

kankala-

CEREMONIOUS, a., -afuka. CEREMONY, fuka, 6. perform a, z/., vanga e fuka..,

catch holdin

kana, konkalakana. of, v.t., kwata, dima. great numbers (of fish), z/., fu-

CERTAIN, be ko he;

(not fail), z/., ke lembi is certain to go, kele-

mbi kwendait is

ko.

muna.in

very certain, eludi.

diambu yamuApp.

the very act

(of),

z/.,

vumbula(pi. 6).

(muna).sightof,

(evident), see also laya,

z/./.,mona e kelezi

a certain,

up

(of one following), v., bakana; at last the other one caught up,

-mosi, in the secondary form, and prefixed with the article of its class a certaina.,;

okalokala babakanini.

man, oo

muntuall

omosi.

up

in one's(13).

speech,

yaka

zunu

CERTAINLY

(by

means), adv., kiau

tu nki.kokeka.(surely), see

(with a

CATTLE,

hook or snare), v.t., ?z.,twezi, 6 (Bako).be, get,

mpandi & lembwa, App.n.,

CERTAINTY,baika10.

ziku, 6

;

lusikidisu,facts),

CAUGHT,

become,

z/.z.,

(Bako). of a trap which

(sure

knowledge of the6..,

.,

somehow,sprung,v.,

has been caught and cannot bee

visa,

CERTIFICATE,

visa, 6

;

lusikidisu,6.

fwa

fumbi,

6.

CERTIFYe

(formally),

v.t.,

visa4.

;

see

be caught sightkelezi

of, z/.z.,

moneka;

K.-Eng. App.

(pi. 6).;

CHAFEebandu, 88.z/.,

(soreness), n.,n.,

nlamu,;

CAUSE,

n.,

bila, 68;

eya-

CHAFF,

kieya,(Bako).

5

(Bako)

bietula,

ndu,

elonda,

pi. 5

kiaki (with the appl. form), e bila ye ebandu. (origin), n., ntondo, 2. CAUTIOUS, be very (against), v., kufor this, e bila

ta kieya or bietula (Bako), kiekielela.(for prisoner),5.,

CHAIN

kingoyongo,

kenka

[re/I.,

(muna)].;

to connect a prisoner with his keeper,n., kimpanga-nkanu, 5. CHALCEDONY, kalsedone, 2. CHALLENGE, v.t., loba, see tuta nlembo (4), App..,

CAVE, n., nzimba, 2 nduka, 4. CAVITY, n., see esangala, 8, App. great, kompodia, 6, wompodia, CEASE, z/., voza.

6.

o

(

733

)

CHA-CHU(brake),.,

CHALLENGE,gun

continued..,

CHECK(4)

nkakilwa,

2.

fired as,

nzongozumbi,

a su-

ngu (6). CHANCE (luck),own.(opportunity),(2),

;/.,

6.v.,

kakila, kakidila. CHECK, v.t., ningika, kindika. CHEEK, a swollen, eyititi, 8.?/.,.,

have a chance (means),

kala yo

CHEWED

refuse, n.,little,

nkamvi,.,

4.;

CHICKEN,kalae

susubwila, 65.

ye ntangwae

baka(2).

ntangwa, vwa

kinsusubwila, CHILD, //., lezi, 6.little,

nzilagivea,z/.,

bala-bala, 65

(Bako);

;

ki-

sila e nzila (2).

rn wana-mwana,

kingyana-

CHANGE

8. ., ekitu, (alteration), bring about (of heart, not of outward

ngyana,

5.

form),

i/./.,

kitumuna.soba-soba,2.

undersized, dwele, 6. the firstborn to a man,(i)

.,

mwana;

(of appearance), n., (of food), n., (of a palaver or

6.

a toko

(6).

mbingu,

only begotten,v.t.,

language only),

my

bindama.e'smind,77.z'.,vilukwa o ntima(4). or opinion, &c., v,i vilula.,

this is ., kialati, 5 only child, kialati kiame kiki these are the only two I children have had, eyayi;

CHANGED, be

(for

the bad), in opinion,heart,-z/./.,

character,

&

biondo6.

yalati yame. (If there were others, but they are dead, this word cannot be used.}

yau ayole

moka,|bendomoka. CHANGEABLENESS, n., vilu-vilu, nkwala, 2. CHANNEL, CHAPEL, n., esambiln, 8..,.,

CHAPTER (in a book), ekono, 8. CHARGE not to, to, v., kanikina.(before judges),v.,

CHILLINESS, ., ezizima, 8. CHILLY, ., -ezizima. CHIN, zevo, 6 (Bako). CHIP, ., vasina, 6. CHOICE, allow free, v., kutamisa..,

CHOOSE

(select), v.t,

dimbuna,

ta.

funda.

CHORD

(load), n., zitu, 6.of,

of music, n., eleko, 8. The following are the names of the

of,

place in, v., sia e kiyekwa (5) kia. take (of an orphan or helpless person or something in no one'scare),-z/.,

ivory horns set to the chord

:

mi luenze,1

,

10.6. 2.

do

1

,

sengele,

sol,

ngandu,8.

konkolola./z.,

mi, evula,2.

CHARMCHASE.,

(fetish),

mpandu,.,

CHARMS

(beauty),

wete,in

12.

do, koka-titi, 6. the sound of the key-note, ekanda,n.,8.

(those

fleeing

war),

kulana.nkula, 4. CHASM caused by the subsidence of the earth, ., volo, 6 voloka, 6.;

CHORUS

or

choral

answer

in

anti-

CHASTENING (discipline), n., elongi, 8. (punishment), tumbu, 6. j^ ziku, App. CHASTITY, nkwa (i) lungwedi CHATTERBOX, (10), lumbwambokoso, 10..,

phonal song, n., nyaku, 4. to sing, v., yakulula, yakula. CHRISTIAN, ., Nkristu, i. a., -ankristu.

.,

CHRISTIANITY, n., kikristu, 5. lusansu, 10. CHRONICLES, CHRYSALIS, ., kintekwa, 5 (Bako).,

;

kinketa,

5

(Bako).krisolite,.,

CHEAP,

be, v.,

CHEAT (overreach), ngu (2).v.t.,

fwika (Bako), fika. v.t'., teka e nga-

CHRYSOLITE, ;/., CHRYSOPRASE,

2.

CHURCH

krisoprase, 2. (building), esambilu, 8.,

;

tekela e ngangu.

nzo

(2)

a Nzambi.

CHU-CLOCHURCH,continued.of

(734)CLEAR,or4the(abe,z>.z'.,

kia.

(company Church

Christians

make,

z/./.,

kiesa.v.t.,

universal), nsa,

be (as crystal),

yedima.

Kristu).

CHURLISHNESS, nkumfu,

.,

nkumfu, 4

;

lu-

be (manifest), v.t., senzama. make, v.t., senzeka.off, v.i.,

10.

vula.

CINNAMON,nelle)..,

?/.,

kanele, 2 (Fr. can-

the road (to allow some one to pass), v., sila e nzila (2) why did you;

zongolo, 6 nkongolozi, 2. CIRCLE, CIRCUITOUS, BE, z/.z., viongoloka, viotakana, viondoloka, kondoloka, zieta. CIRCUMCISE, v.t., yotesa.;

not clear the road forthe throat,it is

me ? adieyinzila.

olembele kunsidila ev.,

kekomona.ditomene

(transparent), a., -amoni. (&c.) very clear that,

CIRCUMCISED, be, v.i., yota. usewa, 12. CIRCUMCISION, CIRCUMSPECT, be, v., kukenka (reft.). CIVILIZATION, n., j^ ngwizani, 2,.,

kusenga.it

is

quite ludi.

clear,

e

diambu yamu

App.

CLAMOUR,.,

.,

miangu.,.,

biaula, pi. 5 (Bako) pi. 3 ;16koso, 10.

;

CLEARING, make a good wide, v.f., venzomona. CLEARLY, clearly evidenced, adv., e

pwa-mesovisible, adv., e(in

(6).

ezimi, 8. CLAN, tietiekele, pi. 6. CLANG, CLANGING, a., -angenge. uzimi, 12. CLANSHIP, CLAP the hands before beginning.,

kimona-meso.

a clear open space),v.,

vana mpe-

to

mbe (2). CLENCH the teeth, meno (pi. 7).CLEVER,be,v.i.,

kamika

o

speak,(of the

v.,

totola.n.,

luenga, luengoloka.i

hands, showing surprise),8.

efufu,clap thus,

-anluengi. person, ., nluengi,a.,.,;

&;

4.;

v.,

bundavuba;

e efufu.

(for thanks, congratulation,

or sur-

prise),

i/.,

he clapped

lue, pi. 6 luenga, 9 CLEVERNESS, ndwenga, pi. 2 diela, 7. CLICK inter/., kwaka twe!

!

!

his

hands with

surprise, OVUbi-

CLIMB,

v.t.,.,

kuma,

tota.8.

di o lukofi.

CLOD,

ebwengelekete,

CLAPPING (noise), n., toto, 6. CLASP the hands over the head, v., ta kintanda (Bako), zinga e kintanda (5). CLASS (of men or society), #.,nzangi, 2. luwumba, 10. CLAY, pottery,.,

CLOSE

together, adv., e kimfini (5).

up (as a wound), v., vinduka. kimfinangani, 5 CLOSENESS, mfinangani, 2 mfini, 2. 2. ., ndukutila, (stuffiness), CLOTH, see also ndembi-nona, App..,;

;

mixture of clay with palm-wine, see

of fine texture,

towa, Appendix. CLEAN, be, ?/., lengoka, lenguka.

make (white and kengomona.(a childv.t.,

shining),

v.t.,

., nlaya, 4. house or duster, n., evuya, 8. loin cloth, having a fringe on its lower edge, n., pamba, 6. old or rough to wear at one's work,.,

which has made a mess), komba, kokanisa (Bako) kusuna.;

koka,

6.

red,

.,

salazi, 2 (P. sarge).

striped, n., tuta, 6.

CLEANINGbe

rag,

.,

(as crystal),n.,

evuya, 8. v.i., yedima.pi. 6.

velvet

brocade

(native

cloth)

as.,

CLEANNESS,

tununu,

woven on the Upper Kasai, nsimba-lusangu, 2.

(

735

)

CLO-COMcontinued.

CLOTH, continued.white baft, ., mpanu, 2 (P. panno). worn over the breasts, ., lenga, 6.

COME,(of

sunshine after dulness),it

z/.,

CLOTHES-HORSE,on,.,

line to8.

hang clothes

teka. out (of something in which

was

ezalu,

CLOTHING, n., vwatwa, 6. CLUL, (kill with a club), ZA/., bola. CLUMSY, a., -ansansansalu. CLUSTER (group), ekutu, 8 ekutukutu, 8 ekuti, 8 kuti-kuti,6. CLUTCH, ?/./., fiantikina. COALESCE, z/.z., vukana..,; ; ;

encased or embedded), z/./., 80koka. to the point or to business, ?/., zi-

kula

e

diambu

(7).z/.,

to the surface,to one's senses

up again,

tongo-

moka, tumbuluka.or self, z/., vungnka, vungukilwa, kumona, kuzaya.surface of

COAT,

.,

ekutuwa,

8..,

to

the

the earth,

z/./.,

Coco yam (Taro, Colocasea ?), mvindi (4) a elanga (8), mvindi mia malanga).COGITATE, z/., lamba, dikula. COIL (of ntaku wire), sasa,.,

bangumuka.together (of persons only),z/.z'.,

(pi.

lu-

ngwa.violently (of

wind or

rain),

z/./'.,

vi-

6. (6).

kuka.well together (as in a good joint),77.,

COINCIDE, z/.,kwenda e bambala

COLDa.,

(chilliness),pi. 6.

ezizima, 8

;

todi,

vinduka.

COMFORT

(peace of mind),;

?/.,

lufi-

-ezizima.degrees, little by little, wonzekela, wonzolola, to-

COLLECT byz/.,

auku, TO after a goodnzengele,

fiauzi, 12.

meal,2.

senseof

of,

?/.,

tolola.

COMFORTER.,;

(restorer

peace

of

COLLECTION, ngonzekela, 2. COLONY, evanga, 8 evanga dia.,

mind), n., mfiaulwisi, i & 4. COMING, reason for, n., ngizilu, 2.

nsi

(2).

COMMAND,also

.,

nkanikhm,

4.

COLOUR,

n., see

nziu

&

lo,

App.

z/.,

kanikina.yika, followed by its object, otherwise vova must be used instead.z/./., toza, bantama, bandama, dokama.

lose, ZAZ.,

seboka, pukuka.matter,.,

(tell to),pi. 6.

COLOURING

dima,

COLUMN(pillar),

(of

cloud5.

or8.

smoke),

n.,

kintungila,.,.,

COMMENCE,

elunzi,

(row),

nlonga,

4TV./.,;

COME

(an angry word), do not come intorascal),

viangila my house (you kuviangila mu nzo

COMMENCEMENT (the mbandamu, 2COMMEND,z/./.,

first

thing),2.

.,

;

ngyatiku,

sanisa.

to one's charge,

yekeka..,

ame

ko.

crowds, v.t., nietoka, niotoka. a great crowd, ZAZ'., buka.ito one's

COMMISSION mbata,ndana.sense,.,

(fee),2.

mboko,in,

2

;

COMMON, have orntona,a.,

possess2.

v., le-

mind or head, yimamuna ntima (4). ive come into one's head, yimwa

(ordinary),

kibeni

;

see also

nmnaitoit

ntima.seloka.z/.,

mpasi, App.

view,(of

z/.z.,

COMMOTION,tomboloka.z/./.,

.,

pita-pita,

pi. 6.

new

leaves),

be

in great,

z/./.,

pitakana, pitana,.,

(of sun,

moon andz/.,

stars),

se-

tembela.(noise indicating a commotion),

loka.(of the stars),

deka.

ndiki-diki,

2.

COM-CONCOMMUNION, COMMUNITY,ntwadi,5.

(

736)

CONCLUDE,I

continued.this;

conclude with

see

under ye-

COMPANION,

n.,

mpwa,.,

2

(Bako)5;

;

mboki, 2 (Kib). COMPANIONSHIP,

kama, App. CONCLUSION, bring to a, z/./., fula. (decision), come to a, './., solola.(end),.,

kinkwa,5

;

nsilu,

4.

unkwa,ntwadi,(on the way),

1

2

;

kintwadi,

u-

12.

nkangalu, 4. COMPANY (large number of people), 8. ., evwangi,joint stock,

CONCORD, z/., wawana. ngwawani, 2. CONDUCT, by force, z/./., ekunkwa, 8. CONE,.,., .,

filakesa.

as

a,

kibale, adv., e kibale..,

5.

CONFIDE, z/.., fiata (P. confiar). vuvu, 6 lufiatu, CONFIDENCE, see also nka10 (P. confiar);;

(on the way),

n.,

nkangalu,z/./.,

4.

nka, App.baseless,

COMPARE

together,

tezanisa,

kiememe,v.,

5.

fwaninika.

COMPARISON, standardnonga,nonga.6.z/.,

of,

nonga-

make a comparison,COMPEL,z/.,

sia e nonga-

bunda e vuvu (6). mutual, bundana e vuvu. nkitiCONFLAGRATION, a great, mu, 4place, impose,.,

CONFORM(6)

to,

z/.,

kala

e

fwani-fwani

nwengena.to, v.t.,.,

COMPLAINApp.

COMPLAISANCY,

yidimina. see ngeniba,z/.,

to2,

new

ye. conditions,

minuka.z/.,z/.,

CONFOUND (perplex), CONFUSE (derange),(Bako),

kindakesa.

vwalangasa;

COMPLETEv.t.,

(perfect), be,

kunkuka,

vangama.kunkula.(of term, quantity), n.,4.

CONFUSION,in,

vwangalakesa. evwanga, 8.,;

ntia-

COMPLETION

ngalakani, 2 a., -evwanga.in,z/.z'.,

mpioto,

2.

nlungu,

rush along&c.), v.,

vindana.;/..

COMPOSE

(a speech, poetry,

CONGO FREE STATE,ngani.

Ekongo

dia-

yinda.

COMPOSEDbwa.

(calm), be,

ntima

(4,

u-)

COMPOUND, see -anatana, App. COMPREHEND, z/., vungula.COMPRESS, z/., koneka. COMPRESSED, be, z/.z'., kona. COMPULSION, mfunka,.,

CONGRATULATE, z/., lufiaulwisu, 10 vana o lukofi, 10. CONGRATULATION, n., lukofi, 10. CONJUNCTION (gram.}, kangilwa, 6. CONQUER, z/./., tufakesa. tufakana. CONQUERED, be,;

.,

z/.z'.,

2

;

I

was

under compulsion,yasilu.

ku mfunka

CONSCIENCE, ntona, pi. 2. CONSCIOUSNESS, recover, z/.,vunguka, vungukilwa, kumona, ku.,

CONCAVE,

to be,

z/.z'.,

kompoka, ko-

zaya.

foka,

vompoka.

CONSIDER

carefully,

z/.,

lamba,other,

di-

make, z/./., kofola, kompola, vompola. CONCEALED, a., -akinswekamena,asweki.

kula, vimpita.

CONSIDERATION, show eachyinduziana.

z/.,

CONCERNnga, CONCISION,

(anxious),6..,

.,

sunga-su-

CONSOLATION, n., luwondelelo, 10 (act.), luwondeleko, 10 (pass.).(peace of mind),.,

fiauzi, 12

;

lu-

luseoko,fula.

10.

fiauku,

io.

CONCLUDE,

T/./.,

CONSOLE,

z/./.,

wondeleka.

(

737

CON-COR

CONSTANT,

a.,

-ankwamu.(unremitting),v.t.,

be constant infinizieka.

CONVERSANT, be well, v., -via, via e mpila (2), biluka. CONVERSE with, v.i., yambila yo(Bako).

CONSTANTLY,

be,n.,

?/.,

sama, lakama.2.

CONSTIPATION,

mfinga,

CONSTRUCTCONSULT,(sit

(of

many

materials),

v.t.,

tudika.v.i.,

CONVERSION, //., luviluku ntima (4). CONVERT, ;/., mvilu, 2.v.,

(10)

lua

vetamatogether);

(lay

their

vilula o ntima.be, v.,

heads

vumbukabaveta-

CONVERTED,

vilnkwa o ntima.yisa (Bako).v.i.,

up again) together, and

they consultedthen,

COOKbe

sufficiently, v.t.,

COOKED,

be,

v.i.,

ya

(Bako).

mene bavumbukidi. CONTAIN, v. Kongos do not say what a thing contains, but rather where the things are, or what things are in it this case\

COOKING, clevernessdishes out of

well, but not burnt, inlittle

boma. making tastynothings,n.,

velezieka, 6. make such dishes,

v.,

velezieka.

contains

nails,

e

nkele yayi;

nsonso zina mo.

CONTEMPT,

n.,

lutunu, 10 (Bako);

COPPER, n., ngambaka, 2. COPULATE, v., zoma. (of animals), v., vukula.COPY,v.t., tanginina, tangununa. produced, n., tanginina, 6. to be imitated, n., mbandu,

luvezo, 10

lutialu, 10..,

CONTENTMENT,fiauzi, 12.

lufiauku,

10

;

2

;

CONTENTIOUSa

fellow,(2).

.,

nganga

(2)

mpaka

CONTINUALLY, to... (do, &c.), v., lakama, sama; olakamene o kwenda, he went continually.

tangininwa, 6. exact, n., nkutu-bandu, 2. COPY-BOOK, n., nkanda (4) a nkutubandu.

CORD,

n.,

mfumvu,palm8.

2.

CONTINUEdoggedly,

to follow,

v.t.,

landidila,

plaited (of

frondlets, &c.),

;/.,

lakama.v.i., dokalala, finizieka. long at (a place), v.i., zingila.

ebese,

CORDIALITY, n., luyayidilu, 10. CORDIALLY, treat, v.t., yayidila.

CONTINUOUS, a., -ankwamu. CONTINUOUSNESS, n., kwaminini, 6. CONTRACT, w.,nkangu, 4 ekangu, 8.;

CORE

(heart, centre), n.,

CORN, very

soft green, n.,n.,

kingudi, 5. ntwenia, 4.(pi.

(grain generally),

ma

6)

ya

v.t.,

kanga

e

ekangu.o

(stipulation), ebika, 8, genly. plural.

mbwaza. CORNER, n., nzinga,v.t.,

4.

CONTRADICT (deny), v.t., vakula nkalu (4). CONTRARY, be (of the wind), v.

vakika.c.,

of a sheet,[e

nsambu,

2.

CORPSE,

tembwaact

(6) ki-]

tala.

deceased, App. dry a corpse, v.t., kavisa.

n., see

contrary to advice,

kuzuka

malongi (pi. 8). CONTRIBUTE, v., kuba. CONTRIBUTION, n., ekau, 8. CONTROL, beyond all, a., -atununu. be, v.i., tununuka.proper, n., tivnu, 6 lutunu, 10. be well under, v., tuna.;

CORPULENCE, n., tonga, 6. CORPULENT, a., -atonga. CORRECT, a., -akosi, -aviato

e

mpila

;

correct speech, mambumakosi. pattern or gauge, a., -anonga-

nonga.

CORRECTNESSCORRUGATION,

(in

manner,n.,.,

style,

speech, &c.),a,

kosi,

6.

CONVALESCENCE, n., lo, 6. CONVALESCENT, be, v., mona

mungumbuti,;^.v.,

e lo

(6).

CORRUPT (make evil),

bangumunU3

B

COR-CROCORRUPT,se

(

738

)

continued.(4)\

CRAFT,

n.,

ekondeka,7.

8

;

ekoneka, 8

;

mbi

of persons or bi (12)yivisa.j

diela,

of things

CRAFTILY,

act, v.,

tekan.,

e

ngangu2.

(2).

CORRUPTIBLE

(perishing),^, -anwodi.

CRAFTSMAN, a good,CRAG, abeetling, n.,

mfuzi,

be, v., wolakana. CORRUPTION, n., uwolezia, 12. COST (altogether), v., kota muna;

lunengananu,aftersitting9.

10.

CRAMP and

stiffness;/.,

ain

long while,aforest, n.,for, n.,

suka-suka,4.

they cost 100 brass rods, zikotele muna loontaku.

CRASHING, made by a great beastmfoto,

COUNCILLOR, the mostnemfilatu, i. COUNSEL, v.t., kubikila.

trusted,

n.,

CRAVINGmad,

v.,

kinzola-nzola, 5. he is mad for eketo, 8;

COUNTby

carelessly, v.t., lambakesa. turning up at one corner, v.,

water, eketo diau.into

dia

maza kenashapeless

CREATE (make somethingsomen., n.,

samba.

form),

v.t.,8.

sema.

COUNTENANCE,

n., zizi, 6.

CREATION,

esemo,

COUNTRYfar

(in

contradistinction to the

the whole,

town),8.

n.,

evinza,n.,

8.

away, foreign,n.,

malongo,;

pi.

(a

nsema, 4 see also lelelwa (pl.6) ya Nzambi, App. creating), nsema, 2.;

CREDIT;

on,

n.,

e kipodi,6.

5

;

see

trust,

unkabu, 12 ungyamu, 12 nkabu, 2. COURAGEOUS, be, v., kabuka. COURT, before an open, adv., ova

COURAGE,

App.

CREED, CREEK,

n.,n.,

kwikizi,

mwidila,

3 (Bako)

;

nsu-

lu,

4;

etenda-nkongolo.(of a king),

open

a, see

App. mbazi a nkanu, App.lelelwa,6,;

n., see

CREEPER, thorny, n., ewole, 8 ewele, 8. CRETONNE, any cloth of floral designin

COURTEOUS, a., -afuka. COVENANT, n., ekangu, 8 nkangu,

CREW4.

many colours, n., esungi, 8. of a ship, one of, n., mumpa2.

It is better to use the former forthe singular, and the latter in the plural, unless the singular

mbala, 3. CRICKET, mole, n., nzenze,(small), n.,

kinzenze,

5.

CRIME, be(4)-

guilty of, v.,

nata

o

nkanu

andwith

the plural are mentioned

close together, to

avoid confusion

capital, na.ta e

mpanda (2).

makangu (pi. 8), friends, and nkangu (4), a crowd,makeCOVER,a,v.,

a terrible crime which can never be atoned for, n., mungadu, 3 (P. ?

kanga4.

e

ekangu,

8

peccado

?)

or o nkangu,n.,

fukwa,

6.

very great, see ngungu, App. CRISP, be hard and, v.i., balalala.

imperfectly,

v., see

vunga, App.

make,

v.t.,

badidika.

COVERING,

outer, n.,

ngumbu,!

2.

CRACK

CROOKED, be, v.i., bendomoka, benda,viongoloka,

!

interj.,!

balanganza

kwa-

ka twe

viotakana,

zu-

!

ngumuka.mouth, ndu(as a road, fence, &c.), a.,2.

in the corner of one's

ngununa,

make,ringers or(2).

in the lip, ;/., nsivu-sivu, 2. in the skin between the

-ampiolo. bendesa, bendomona, viongolola, viotakesa.v.t.,;

toes, n.,

nsingu

(2)

a nzi

CRACKINGthe"

of twigs by an animal inbush,"n., tie-tie, 6.

CROOKEDNESS (of disposition), n., nkumfu, 4 see also nya, App. CROP, n., nkumbu, 4.CROSS(lay athwart), v.t.,

kambika.

(739)CROSS-EXAMINE, v., kunka. CROSS-EYED, make, v.t., vididika oCRY, continued.

CRO-CUT

meso (pi. 7). be, meso (ma-) vilalala. CROSS-PIECE or line, n., nkayikwa, CROSS-WISE, adv., ku nkayikwa. CROW, v.i., kuba.

out aloud in song, v., yengoloka. (scream as an infant), yabala, ya-

2.

yakiana. n., kube, 2. CUBIC, a., -akube.

CUBE,

CROWD

(throng) zadila.

about

(one),

v.t.,

CULTIVATED country, n., evinza, 8. ekoCUNNING, n., ekondeka, 8;

around

(of a great crowd),

v.i.,

fi-

neka, 8 (generally pl.) diela, 7. false, which fails entirely in its pur;

tama. around some one, v.t., fitamena. (come crowding), v.i., longomoka.a great, n., bidi, 6;

pose,

;/.,

ngangu

(2)

zezala

C8)

or zavululu.wicked,n.,

umpuka,

12.

ebidi,

8.

(group,

cluster,

mob), ekutu,8;

8

;

one distinguished for, kimpuka, 5. CUPBOARD, n., nswekelo, 4 mvaka,;

ekutu-kutu,

ekuti, 8

;

kuti-

4

;

elundilu,

8.

kuti, 6; ntuti, 4. dense, see koka, App.(thingsinto

something),

v.t.,

ko-

mangesa. CROWDING and treading upon one another, adv., o mandiatani(pl. 7).

CURIOSITY, n., untongolozi, 12. CURIOUS, be (prying), v.t., tongolola. CURRENCY, n., nzimbu, 2. The oldest currency we can hear of was a mat of palm-fibre cloth,

lusambu (u & 2), 6xi inch, generally made up in bundles of10.

together, go,

v.i.,

vindana.;

They still

linger in use to the

kolowa, 2 (P. coroa) see also kiandu, App. CRUCIFIX, n., see under nketekwa, App. CRUEL, a., -anduvu, -alunkulu, -alufuma.

CROWN,

n.,

north of Matadi.

They were

re-

placed about 1830 by red glass olive beads, mbembe, 2, which gave way in about 1863 to a hexagonal blue pipe glass bead-inch in diameter,

nzimbu,prevail.3.

2,

CRUELTY,(in

nduvu, 4 lunkulu, 10 mfunia, 2 lufuma, 10..,; ;

;

dinga,

6,

whichn.,

still

CURRENT,CURSE,n.,

strong,

mwahi,;

beating only), bobobo,;

6.6.

CRUMB, n., nkesona, 2 CRUNCH, v., kukuta. CRUSH, v.t., tufakesa.v.t.,

vesona,

nlaza, 4 (Bako) ndaza, 2 see sibu, 6, & kandu, 6, App.

;

against the side of the cooking pot,iiieta (Bako), vota.

CURSED (infamous), a., -asungu. CURVATURE, amount of, #.,enunga, 8. CURVE (winding), n., mongola, 3. CUSHION to support the knee whensquatting,n.,

and make a mess, v.t., tufuna. into pulp, v.t., nianzuna, niasuna.

nsikinwa,elolo(8)

2

;

ndezi, 2

;

mnngitunu,2n.,

(Bako).

CRUSHEDwith

to atoms, be, v.,

rubbing funta.

a

wesomoka. movement, v.t.,n.,

CUSTARD

apple,

dia4.

mputu. CUSTOM, established,(habit), n.,

n.,

nkiku,;

CRUX (chief difficulty),CRY,n.,

vaki,(9).

6.

minu,a.,

6.

boko,to, v.,v.t.,

6.

CUSTOMARY,

kibeni

customary12.

begin

seloka o dilaloka.

style of writing, esoneka kibeni.

loudly,

CUSTOMS

^toll), n.,

vaku,(withv.t.,

(making a great

noise), v.i., vodiana,

CUT

at,

make afell),

a

sword

or

wodiana.out loudly,v.t.,

large knife),

saka.

kaluluka.

(hew,

viva.

CUT-DEACUT, continued,

(

740

)

DARK,

continued.

or small pieces (of cassava only), a., -awele-wele. make a small cut, venzona.in shortoff (a slice, piece), off (trim),

ku-] lakama or (ku-) bwitaor bwitalala bubalala. be in the dark about (a matter),;

vasuna.in

v. z'.,

yididilwa.

kumpa, kumpika.

the (concerning a matter),

oku

of

something hollow, vJ., bwa-

bubidi

(6).

nguna.(surgically), v., see seola, App. (on the temples, made in the opera-

tion of cupping),

72.,

kioba,

5.

DARKEN, v.t., bwitidika. DARKENED, be, z/.z., bwitalala. DARKENING, a, n., ndombola, 2. DARKNESS (blackness), n., ndombola, 2.

round the margins of the

hair, v.,

deka

e

nsuki

(2).

(mental or actual),(obscurity),.,

.,

bubidi,-

6.

a small piece (of something eatable), v. /., zuna. the throat, zenga e elaka (8).(trim),

lumvungia

mvu-

ngia,

10.

DARLING,a.,

kumpa, kumpika.

up up

(a carcase of meat), v.t., teta. to pieces (of grass, paper, leaves,

n. (very precious thing), lengezia, 6 diabonda, 7. -a nsi a ntima.;

DASH

(bound)v.f.,

at, v.f.,

vulumukina.v.i.,

&c., kela.

against,2.

wula muna.be,

(wound),

.,

ndwadi,;/.,

DASHED

against,see

wulama

cuts (on cut glass),

se, 6.

CYCLONE, CYLINDER,

.,

nebidi,

2.2.

muna. DAUGHTER, n.,

wuta, App..,

n.,

silinda,

daughter or son-in-law, (i) a longo (10).

mwana2;

DAWN,

^.,

mvunga-vunga,;

nkie-

D.DABBLE(as

a duck

in the

mud),

v.t.,

wunzulula.

minkia, pi. 3. v.i. tendoka the day is going to dawn, o kuma se kutendoka. DAY, some or one, adv., oku kukwit

lelo, 2

;

DANCE, a pause and change in a, #., ekuma, 8. sumbu (Bako), 6 vonza, DANGER,.,;

ziwa.

star,.,ntetembwa(2)ankielelo(2). upon which there is no market,

6

;

lenga, 6

;

vangu,

6.

be

in, v.,

sumbuka (Bako), mona vonza or vangu or lenga.a.,

e

DANGEROUS,

-ambengo-mbengo,

DARE

-avangu, -alenga, -avonza. to, v., kabuka (followed by the dares he to infinitive noun) enter in ? nga kabuka keka;

lumbu (6) kiansuwa. DAYLIGHT, minkia, pi. 3. e sezi (adv.). DAZZLING, selo, 6. DEACON, DEAD, be quite, v., fumbuka..,., .,

cold and, vola.(a

euphemism), budika.fromall

raisefrom the, ?/./"., futumuna (Bako).rise

buka. . .

o

kotato, v.,

e

?

not to dareko,;

ke

vwa owu wa

DEAF,to

the, v.i., futumuka (Bako). see also pupu, App..,

subj.

with the fut. conseq. he dared not move, ka;

to mention,

vwidi owu kanikuna ko. he ventured 77., kabula to go and tell it to the chief, wele dio kabula kwa mfumu.grow, orbe, v.,

arguments, one who is, pukidi-matu, 6 pupulu, 6. DEALINGS with, have, v., kala kumosi ye.;

DEATH,

the cause.,

of,

.,

lufwa,1

10.;

sudden,

lufwa4.

(to"

luakanku

DARK

[kuma

(9)

ntintu,

(

74i

)

DEA-IJI-.I'

DEATH,

continued.

DEFENCE,6.

continued.

violent, n.,

sungu,

speech

in

defence

of,

;/.,

vovelo,

6.

.,mvunda,4result of over-feeding, mvunda a dia. dekaDECA- (metre, &c.) = x 10

DEBAUCH,

evil effects of,

;

DEFEND, v.t., kangula. DEFER, v.t., vengekela. theday(c.),lambulaelumbu(c.).

(meta, &c.).

DECANT, v.t., longolola. DECAYED, something, n., wolezia, 6. it is not proper to DECEASED, the,.,

DEFILE,

v.t.,

safula, bolola..,;

mention the name of one recently dead, and to avoid it the following are used: mpasi, 2 (thetrouble) ; ezina, 8 (the name), class nouns, \st treated as o mpasi, o ezina (o 'zina) also;

DEFILEMENT, nsafu, 4 esafu, 8. DEFINE (explain), v.t., sasuna. DEFLOWER, v., tetela. DEFRAUD, v.t., tekela e ngangu (2). DEGRADE, v.t., see bolola, App.ke -andwelo, ke vevi ko. DEJECTION of spirits, n., zowalala, 9. DELAY, v.t., kindika, ningika. ezi(tarrying), n., mazinga, pi. 8 ngu, 8. DELICATE, a thing which is very, n.,

DEGREE,

(of persons only), kunkula. in no small degree,

mfu

(Bako),

4.

DECEIT, n., luvunginiku, 10; luvuki, 10. DECEITFULLY, act, v.i., teka e nga-

;

ngu

(2).

DECEITFULNESS, n., umpuki, 12. DECEIVE, v.t., vukika, vunginika. DECEIVED, be, v., vukama, vunganana.

bekenge,

6.

DELIGHT, n., ekembo, 8. DELIGHTED, be (because of someacquisition), v., pata.

great

DECEPTIONc.).

(feigning)

DECI- (metre,

.,kuvunina,9. l &c.)= T o desi-(meta,>

DELIVER

DECIDE (comentima(4).

to

ao

decision),

v.,

yambukwa

moyo"), v.t.,

(3)

or

(protect), z/., kankana. DELIVERER, n., kangi, 6. DELUDE, v., vukika, vunginika. DELUDED, be, z/., vukama, vunga-

nana.solola.a, v.,

a case in court (" find

DEMANDED

DECISION, prepare or come kubika.in a

to

to have it, z/., was demanded of him by the chief, i kazolelwa

of

one,it

zolelwa

;

law court,

n.,

nzengo,

2.

kwa mfumu.App.

(judgment),

n., see

mpiku,

2,

DEMIJOHN,.,

small,

n.,

nzanda,v.,

4.

DECLARE

officially, v.,a.,

teleka.

DECOMPOSING,

DECREASE.,

(in size), v.L,

DECREASED, a., DEED, evangu, 8. DEFACE, v., bandula. DEFECT, twangu, 6. DEFENCE, make a (by concocting some excuse), v., vala o mabu.,

-anwodi. keva. -akeva.

DEMON, nkwiya, 4. DEMONSTRATE (prove),leka(pi. 5).

sia e ye-

DENY,far

v.,

vakula o nkaluv.i.,

(4).

DEPART (of many only}, v.i., wunguka.away,

vekomoka.

DEPEND (upon), v., sia e fika (6) ye kamba (6) muna, sia or bunda e vuvu (6).DEPENDABLE,DEPOSE,v.t.,a.,

ngwapreparea,

(pi. 8)

or eo

mpiku

(2).

-afika ye

kamba,

lamba(in

niabungwa orv.,

-akwikizi, -avuvu, -aziku.

e mpiku. make a defencee

kunkula.

a court),

yeleka

(pi. 5), lit. to

songa show the

DEPRESS (the spirits), v., zoweleka. DEPRESSED in spirits, be, v., zowalala.

true facts.

DEP-DlG.,

742

)

DEPRESSION of spirits, zowalala, 9. DERANGE, z/., vwalangasa (Bako). DERANGEMENT, mpioto, 2 mpi.,;

DETERMINED

(to),

be very,

z/.,

sia e

tiku-mpitiku, aku, 4.

2

;

ntiaku-nti2

ekami (8, dia). DETHRONE, v.t., kunkula. DEVASTATE, z/./., fwantakesa.DEVIL,.,

bilungi, 2 (Angola?); see

DESCENDANTS,DESERVE,DESIRE,n.,z/.z.,

n.,

mbongo,

also nkadi,

A pp.seev.t.,

DEVOTEDNESS,fwanukina,2.z/.,

.,

nkanka, App.piantula.

fwa-

DEVOUR

greedily,.,

nukwa.nzola,earnestly, intensely,

lekokelwa

kolowa, 2 (P. coroa). DIADEM, nsienene, 2. DIARRHCEA, severe, v. (an euphemism used of DIE,.,

0r lekukilwa 0r lengokelwa #r lengukilwa #r zinwa or

great people),

yekama

e

nimaac-

a kiandu.natural death (of one'scord), not

lakukilwa o moyo; sia...e etima (8) fwila...e baba (6).;

ownz/.,

by

violence,

ku-

(for

something, longing),10;

(after),

n., luema, evelema, 8. elemena, 8 (dia) intense,.,;

fwila.slowly and without apparent cause,z/.,

;

singa.z/.,

eketo, 8 (dia)

nlekoko;

(4)

suddenly,the,

kankuka.;

a

moyo

(3)

;

of one's heart,

.,

baba, 6. etima, 8

DIFFERENCEnsi(2).,

(between), the nature of luswaswanu, 10 theyto

a ntimapassionately,

(4).v.t.,

carefully explained

me

the

ketokela;

(8).

difference,

DESIRED

he desired unzolesele kenda. DESOLATION (of a deserted town), #.,to, be,

zolesela

nga

o

batomene luswaswanu.

kunsois

him

to go,

(indefinite),nswaswani,2; theredifference,

a

nswaswani inaz/.z'.,

ko.

uzumbu, 12 mfuta, 2. DESOLATE (bare), a., -angidinginza.;

DIFFERENT, beguage;

(of a palaver

or lan;

only),

bindama;

(solitary, of places only), a.,

-asombe a solitary town, evata diasombe.

theire

language

is

different,

ndinga au ibindamene

the

DESPAIR, z/.z., moyo (3, u-) zeza. DESPISE, z'./., veza, bembola. DESTITUTE, a., -ansukami (pi. asukami). DESTROY, z/./., bunga, fwasa. (make an end of), z/., funka.(spoil),z>./.,

palaver takes a different form, assumes a different aspect, e

diambuDIFFICULTto

se

dibindama..,

(arduous),

-afuki.

(scatter about),

bwangalakesa. z/./., pangalakesa.z/.,

comprehend or explain, a., -ampimpita. DIFFICULTY, lenga, pi. 6; vangu,.,

pi.

6

;

DESTROYED

utterly, be,.,

kufwila.10.z/./.,

DESTRUCTION, DETAIL (give a

lufwasu,

detailed account),

DIFFUSED bundumuka. DIG up (things closez/.z'.,

vonza, pi. 6. (of an odour),

be,

ZAZ'.,

to the surface),

tetomona.^give the details, items),z/.,

funta.

tangu-

muna, DETECT in the very act (of), z/., vumbula (muna). DETERMINATION, have a strong, z/., kanama.to

root and all together, z/./., sebola. DIGEST, z/., bululwisa. DIGESTED, be, z/.z'., bululuka. mbululuka, 2 lubuDIGESTION,.,;

lulwisu,chefia).

10..,

DIGNIFIED bearing,maintain,z/.,

tifu,

2

(P.

do something bad^nkasi,2.

z/.,

sulama.

fierce, n.,

tifuka

(perf. -ini).

(

743

DlL-DlSDISCOVER, continued.one's self (leave a hiding-place),z/.,

DILIGENCE,

n.,

kiakasa,

5

;

sungi-

didi, 6.

DinciENT

kuzika, siamisa, sia...e etima (8) or sungididi (6) or swiswi (6) orv.,

about, be very,

kusenga.

DISCOVERED

with, be,

z/.,

soloka ye.

o luntati (10).

DISCREET, be very,z/.,kukenka (reft.}. Discuss point by point, v., balula.together very obstinately or strongly,TA,

DIMPLED, be, v.t., kompoka, koboka. DIP (as a morsel in the gravy), v.,vungila. (with a quick movement),v.t.,

zaba.

DISCUSSION, yaya.v.t.,

bambana, zekana. be much under,

2/.z'.,

DIRECTo

(of

some

part of the body),

DISENTANGLE (somethingtandula.v.j

hitched),

v.t., fila,

to place the legs, fila(9 pi.)-

malu

direct path, a, ;/.,nzila (2) -abatu-

abatn.

DIRECTION,

n.,

nsongi, 2

;

in the direction of

my

gone town,kunais

he

DISESTEEM, nsavu, DISFIGURE, DISGRACE,.,

savula, bembola.

4.v.,.,

bandula.

luvungu, 10;10.

lutu-

mbuku,

in

nsongi a evata diame kele. which one's head lay when lying down, n., mfilu (2) a ntu (4). of the feet, ndambilu (2) a malu (9).(tarnish, grimed), v.i.,

DISGUSTED, be, v., kenonoka. DISGUSTING (sickening), a., -aluenia.

DIRTY, becomevesoka.a.,

vonda o ntima (4). DISHEARTEN, DISHEARTENED, be, z/.z., fuwa o ntima (4)./.,

in, v.t.,

fwilwa...o ntima.n.,

-eveso.dirty

DISHONOUR,andspoil, v.t.,

nsavu, 4

;

lutumbu-

make

bandiila,

ku,

10.

bolola.

make foul, safula. DISAGREEABLE person,nia,3,

DISINTER, v., vundumuna. DISLIKE, for some fault or defect,see

v.t.,

munga-

App.

DISANNUL a covenant, v., kangula e ekangu (8). DISAPPEAR, v.i., pumuka, vempoka,lala.slowly,v.i.,

twanga. DISLIKED, be strongly (in consequence of wrong committed), v., sumukwa.

DISMAY

(fright,9.

fear),.,kinkenda,

5

;

keza,

komoka.be, v., tionga,

DISMISS, as of no further use,

z/./.,

DISAPPOINTED,

kafa-

tengola.

lala, ntima (4 u-) kafalala. DISAPPOINTMENT, n., lukonananu (10) lua ntima (4). DISARRANGE, v., tiangalakesa.

DISOBEDIENCE,nganzi,2.

.,

bukolo, 12 (Bako)

;

(regardlessness), nlandu, 4.

DISOBEDIENTndu.

(regardless),

.,

-anla-

DISCIPLE,

4. nlongoki, i v., longakesa. DISCIPLINE (chastening), n., elongi, 8. DISCLOSE, inadvertently, v.t., sundakesa, lutakesa. DISCONTINUE a habit which was once;/.,

DISORDER

(derangement),;

n.,

mpiti;

ku-mpitiku, 2 mpioto, 2 ntiaku-ntiaku, 4 evwanga, 8.;

v.t.,

vwalangasa (Bako).-evwanga.

in, a.,

frequent,

v.,

DISCOVER (find), mbula.(invent),v.t.,

kenga. v.t., dimbula,

zi-

semona, selomona,

n., ntumpa-ntumpa, 4. DISPARAGEMENT, n., nsavu, 4. DISPENSATION (regime), n., esansu, 8. DISPERSE (of crowds, clouds, &c.), z/.z.,

(anarchy),

solomona.

vula.

Dis-DowDISPERSE, continued.in all directions, in disorder,-z/./.,

(

744

)

sia

DIVIDE, by cutting right through, of something 'which is hollow, v.t.,

o

ntiaku-ntiakube, v.,

(4).

bwanguna.(4);

DISPIRITED,

luwa

o

ntima

up something which

is

very small tov.,

see also

kufianunga,

A pp.of),

be divided among so many,

DISPLACE (by taking the placev.t.,

lufa.

kankana. DIVIDED, be (in az/.,

state of division),

DISPLEASE, v.t., kafidika(o ntima, 4)DISPLEASED, be, z/., [ntima (4) u-]kafalala.

bulana.n.,

DIVISION (mathematical),yanisu, 10;

luka10.2.

lukayilu,

DISPUTE, loveto start a,z>.,

of, n.,

nzekani, leka e mpaka

2.

(2).

DIVISOR12,

., mpambula, (a separation), in arithmetic, n., vaudi, 6.

(wrangle),

v.,

zekana, bambana.

DISREGARD,App.

n., see

umpavuludia,10, n.

Do,

DIZZINESS, n., nzieta, 4 v.t., sadika.do... alittle,

;

nziezie,

4..

(contempt) lutialu,(put up with)utterly, v.t.,z/./.,

vukula.as

zengeneka. DISRESPECT, z/./., bembola, savula,veza.

wait v. atix., vuna vuna dingama lift it up a trifle, vuna kio zangula. one likes with, v., see zanuna &;

a

little,

;

zanu, App.at once, v.t.,clearly, v.t.,

nzengenga, 2. utterly, z/./., zengeneka. kuvunina, i. DISSEMBLER, DISSOLUTENESS, yingalu, pi. DISSUADE, z/., kulula.utter, n.,.,

vanga-vanga. tumbula.;

.,

5.

do much, exceedingly, repeatedly, z/., he treated him vangulula repeatedly in manner which would destroy all kindly feeling,

DISTEND (blow

out),

z/./.,

tuva, tuvi-

umvangulwidiomafor

maif],

dika, tividika. DISTENDED, be, z/./., tuvalala.

nkatulu a unkanka. (have much to showv.t.,

something,

.,

DISTENSION, DISTINCTLY, do,.,

tuvala, 6. tuvalala,z/./.,

totola.v.t.,

9.

slowly, gently,

lelemba.v.t.,

tumbula.

that which

is

bad only,v.,;

sula.

tumbula o vova (9) or e ndinga (2). write, v.t., tumbula o soneka (9). DISTORT (make crooked), z/./., viongospeak,v.t.,

thoroughly well,

vangalelaoughly,

vangalala ye, do this work thor-

toma vangalala ye salu kiaki or toma vangalelaI

lola,

viotakesa, vioteka, zube,z/./.,

e salu kiaki.this is all that

ngumuna.DISTORTED,viongoloka, viotakana, viotama, zungu-

can do

for you, i

ndenda kuvangila aka DOCTRINE, n., nlongi, 4.

didi.

muka.DISTRACT, z/., vukula. DISTRESS, to, v.t., zubana, kendalala, kandidika o ntima (4). (worry), v.t., funtuna.kendalala, ntima (4, u-) kandalala. DISTRESSING,