QUESTIONNAIRE: THE FIVE KINGDOMSMONERA KINGDOM1. Which of the following characteristics apply to bacteria?

a. They are present everywhere.b. They are multicellular.c. They reproduce through binary fission.d. Some have chlorophyll.e. They have nucleus.

2. Bacteria reproduce extremely quickly through binary fission. Under optimal conditions, they can grow and divide every half hour.

a. Based on the data of the diagram, how many bacteria would there be after one hour?

4b. And after an hour and a half?

8c. Is it possible to continue this

reproduction rate indefinitely? Why?

No, because not always the conditions are optimal.

3. Draw a bacteria and label it.

4. Do you think that all bacteria are harmful for humans? Give examples.No, many of them are beneficial for us, for example: yogurt bacteria or bacteria that live in our intestine and help us to digest the food and produce vitamins (intestinal flora).

PROTISTA KINGDOM

5. Which of the following characteristics refer to protozoa?a. They have prokaryotic cells.b. They consist of a single cell.c. They form spores.d. They have chloroplasts.e. They are heterotrophs.f. They live attached to a substrate.

6. How are algae and plants alike? Why are not algae included in the Plant kingdom?Both are autotrophs, but algae can be unicellular whereas plants not (only multicellular).

7. Indicate through a schema the different groups we can find in both protozoa and algae. Trypanosome GreenProtozoa Vorticella Algae Red

Amoeba Brown

8. A group of scientists has collected data on the amount of oxygen released by algae in a pond. Data was collected for two days. The results are shown in the following graph:

Analyse the results and explain the reason for the amount of oxygen released over the two days.

The more light there is, more photosynthesis they do, so more oxygen they produce.

FUNGI KINGDOM

9. Why do you think fungi are not include in the Plant kingdom?Because they are not autotrophs.

10. What do fungi and animals have in common? Both are heterotrophs.

11. What is the name of the chemical substances fungi produce to stop the growth of competitors such as bacteria?Antibiotics

12. Label the parts of a fungus.

13.Indicate through a schema the different groups of fungi we can find.

DescomposersFungi Symbiotics Parasites

PLANT KINGDOM

14. Indicate if the following sentences are true or false:a. Stomata are located on the upper side of the leaves.

b. Most flowers have stamens and a pistils.c. During pollination, pollen grains travel from the anther to the stigma.d. A fertilized ovule develops into a fruit.e. All flowering plants produce fruits.f. Gymnosperms don’t have flowers.g. Spores and seeds have the same function.h. Ferns and mosses are heterotrophs and produce spores.

15. Label the following diagram of a flower.

1. Peduncle2. Sepal3. Petal4. Stigma5. Style6. Ovule7. Filament8. Anther

16. How are ferns and mosses alike and how are they different?Similarities: Ferns and mosses are both plants without flowers and seeds. They reproduce by spores.Differences: Mosses are not vascular plants, they don’t have real leaves, stems and roots whereas ferns do.

17. The following picture show different moments in the life cycle of an angiosperm.a. Label the numbered part of the plant.b. Order the pictures and explain what they show.

1. Root2. Stem3. Leaf

Order of the pictures:B A D CThe plant (B) produce flowers (A). The flower is fertilized producing the fruit (D) with the seeds inside. The fruit falls to the ground and the seed (C) grows when the conditions are good.

18. Indicate through a schema the different groups of plants we can find.

Angiosperms (produce fruits)Plants with flowers and seeds Gymnosperms (don’t produce fruits)

Mosses (no vascular, without true roots, stem and leaves)Plants without flowers and seeds (they reproduce by spores) Ferns (vascular plants, with true roots, stem and leaves)

ANIMAL KINGDOM

INVERTEBRATES

19. Indicate if the following sentences are true or false:a. Polyps and jellyfish use tentacles to catch their prey. Tb. Annelids have bilateral symmetry. Tc. Most molluscs are terrestrial. Fd. Echinoderms have an exoskeleton made of plates. Fe. Arthropods moult periodically until they reach adult size. Tf. Invertebrates are present in terrestrial and aquatic environments. T

20. The following pictures show a polyp and a sponges.Which one is the polyp and which one the sponges. How do you know?

A B

Polyps, because of their tentacles Sponges, because of their pores21. The number of limbs that arthropods have helps to identify the different groups of arthropods.

Classify the arthropods from the picture into arachnids (4 pairs), crustaceans (5 pairs), myriapods (many pairs) or insects (3 pairs).

Centipede

Arachnid Crustacean Myriapod

Moth

Insect Insect Insect

22. Match each invertebrate with its group.Oyster: molluscEarthworm: annelidJellyfish: cnidariaAnt: artrophodSponge: poriferaStarfish: echinoderm

VERTEBRATES

23. Indicate if the following sentences are true or false.a. Animals can be heterotrophs or autotrophs. F (only heterotrophs)b. The body of all vertebrates is divided into three segments. Tc. Fish have scales, fins and gills. Td. Reptiles can breathe through their skin. F (amphibians can breathe through their skin and

also through their lungs, but reptiles only through lungs)e. Reptiles and birds are oviparous and incubate their eggs. Tf. Mammals are vertebrates that live in a terrestrial or an aquatic environment. Tg. Amphibians and mammals have gland in their skin. F (only mammals)h. Reptiles and mammals can keep their body temperature constant. F (reptiles are cold-

blooded, that means that their temperature depends on the temperature outside, whereas mammals are warm-blooded, so they keep their body temperature constant)

24. Reptiles are cold blooded vertebrates. However, by adapting their behavior, some keep their body temperature lower or higher than their environment. The following picture shows a lizard from the desert at different hours of the day.

a. What do we mean when we say an animal is cold-blooded?That means that their temperature depends on the temperature outside.

b. Describe the behavior of the lizard at the different times of the day and explain the effect this behavior has on its body temperature.To warm up, reptiles and amnthoids find sunny places and adopt positions that maximise their exposure; at harmfully high temperatures they seek shade or cooler water.

25. Complete the following table in your notebook with the characteristics of the different types of vertebrates:

VERTEBRATES TYPE OF LIMBS BODY TEMPERATURE

BREATHING ORGAN

TYPE OF REPRODUCTION

Fish Fins Cold-blooded Gills Oviparous

Amphibians Legs Cold-blooded Skin and lungs Oviparous

Reptiles Legs Cold-blooded Lungs Oviparous

Birds Wings Warm-blooded Lungs Oviparous

Mammals Legs Warm-blooded Lungs Viviparous

26. The following graph represents the number of known species from the different groups of vertebrates.

a. Which is the group of vertebrates with the most diversity of species? And with the least?The group with the most diversity: FishesThe group with the least diversity: mammals.

b. What is the totals number of known species of vertebrates?

Around 52,000 species

c. What percentage of the total number of species is warm-blooded?

Warm-blooded (birds and mammals): 14,500Total number of species: 52,000Percentage: 14,500 x 100 / 52,000 = 28 % (more or less)