Dhanang Surya PrayogaChristian Dennis

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus

• Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels, that result from defects in insulin secretion, or action, or both.• The blood sugar are tightly controlled by insulin

(hormone that produced in the pancreas). It happen because there is destruction of beta cells of Langerhans cells.

Types of diabetes mellitus

• Type 1:The blood sugar are tightly controlled by insulin (hormone that produced in the pancreas). It happen because there is destruction of beta cells of Langerhans.• Type 2:The diabetes mellitus don’t depend on

insulin. It happen because there is a failure in the beta cells of Langerhans.

Symptoms

• High amounts of glucose in the urine can cause increased urine output and lead to dehydration. Dehydration causes increased thirst and water consumption.• Fatigue: extreme tiredness.• Lethargy: Lack of energy and enthusiasm.• The inability of insulin to perform normally• It has an effects on protein, fat and carbohydrate

metabolism. • Fluctuations in blood glucose levels.• Can lead to blurred vision.

CAUSES OF DIabetes

• The inability of cells to use the insulin properly.• The absolute lack of insulin.• Diabetes mellitus occurs when the pancreas

doesn’t make enough or any of the hormone insulin• Drugs such as steroids, dilantin may elevate the

blood sugar through a variety of mechanisms. Drugs can make a toxic to the beta cells of the pancreas• Heredity may cause the diabetes.

Treatment

• Healthy Diet• Exercise• Healthy weight• Insulin Replacement Therapy• Monitoring blood sugar

Bibliography

• http://www.medicinenet.com/diabetes_mellitus/page3.htm#tocf• http://nusaindah.tripod.com/

kesdiabetesmelitus.htm• http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/diabetes-

treatment.html• http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/diabetes-

causes.html• www.merckmanuals.com/home/sec13/

ch165a.html

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